CN204272621U - A kind of sower being applicable to rice straw mulching agronomy pattern plantation potato - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a planter suitable for planting potatoes in a straw-covered agronomic mode, comprising a fertilizer box, a sowing mechanism, a toothed ground wheel and a seed box, a stubble-dividing ditching disc, a soil covering device, a straw-covering mechanism and a rear connecting machine frame; the fertilizer box, the seeding mechanism, the toothed ground wheel and the seed box are connected on the front frame; four sets of sowing mechanisms are arranged in the seed box; the front frame is fixedly connected with a Soil covering device; the straw covering mechanism is fixedly connected to the rear connection frame, including bottom support, middle support, top support and straw conveying chain; the bottom support is fixed on the lower end of the rear connection frame; the end of the bottom support One end of the middle bracket forms a hinged connection with one end of the middle bracket, and the other end of the middle bracket forms a hinged connection with one end of the top bracket; the machine can complete rice stubble separation, ditching, fertilization, potato seed placement, ditching into furrows, and planting at one time. Covering soil and planting straw covering operations.

Description

A planter suitable for planting potatoes in straw-covered agronomic mode

technical field

The utility model relates to a mechanical device in the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a planter suitable for planting potatoes in a straw-covered agronomic mode.

Background technique

Straw-covered potato planting is a mode of planting potatoes using the idle fields after the autumn rice harvest in the southern region. Membrane rupture, intertillage and weeding, fertilization and soil digging and other complex processes, after the rice field is harvested, the paddy field will be no-tillage, and the ditch will be directly dug into the furrow, and the soil in the ditch will be covered on the furrow surface, and the seed potatoes will be placed on the furrow surface in rows , and cover the whole process with straw, with appropriate fertilization and management measures, until fresh potatoes are harvested. It is a labor-saving, high-yield and efficient potato light cultivation technique. This mode of planting potatoes reduces the amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which is conducive to saving agricultural production costs, reducing physical exertion of farmers, and producing pollution-free green food; at the same time, it solves the pollution and fire caused by straw burning in the field, and protects the ecological environment. It is beneficial to the comprehensive utilization of straw resources and promotes the sustainable development of agriculture; currently there is no seeder specially used for planting potatoes in the straw-covered agronomic mode on the market, and the design of this type of seeder will completely relieve farmers from heavy physical labor. liberated.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a rice straw mulching agronomic model that can complete rice stubble separation, ditching, fertilization, placing potato seeds, ditching into furrows, covering soil and covering straw operations at one time. Planter for planting potatoes.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model is realized as follows: a planter suitable for planting potatoes in the straw-covered agronomic mode described in the utility model includes a fertilizer box, a seeding mechanism, a toothed ground wheel and a seed box. It is characterized in that it also includes stubble-dividing and ditching discs, a soil covering device, a straw covering mechanism and a rear connecting frame; the fertilizer box, the seeding mechanism, the toothed ground wheel and the seed box are connected on the front frame, and the The rear is connected with a rear connecting frame; four sets of sowing mechanisms are arranged in the seed box, and a stubble ditching disc is connected directly below the seed guide pipe of the sowing mechanism; the front frame is located at the rear of the sowing mechanism A cover device is fixedly connected; the straw covering mechanism is fixedly connected to the rear connecting frame, including a bottom bracket, an intermediate bracket, a top bracket and a straw conveying chain; the bottom bracket is fixed at the lower end of the rear connecting frame and is located at the rear The straw covered monitoring port provided on the connection frame is directly below, and can move laterally along the rear connection frame; the end of the bottom bracket and one end of the middle bracket form a hinge connection, and the other end of the middle bracket forms a hinge with one end of the top bracket. Connection; the straw conveying chain is sleeved on the guide rollers arranged on the bottom bracket, the middle bracket and the top bracket, and the outer side of the guide roller at the end of the top bracket is connected with the power output end of the hydraulic motor.

The front frame is hingedly connected with the connecting plate provided at the front end of the rear connecting frame through the pin shaft arranged at the rear; buffer springs are arranged between the two sides of the front end of the rear connecting frame and the two sides of the rear end of the front frame.

The soil cover device is connected to the beam at the rear end of the front frame, and the fixed position of the soil cover device can move laterally along the beam; the soil cover device includes a connecting frame, a profiling spring, an arc-shaped plate for covering soil, an angle adjustment plate, a soil plow point and Depth adjustment arm; the profiling spring is connected to the connecting frame, two soil-covering arc-shaped plates are left and right symmetrical, and an angle-adjusting plate is arranged between the soil-covering arc-shaped plates, which can adjust the opening angle of the soil-covering arc-shaped plates and enter the soil The plow point is arranged at the front end of the soil-covering arc-shaped plate; the soil-covering arc-shaped plate and the soil-entrying plow point are connected to the connecting frame through the depth adjustment arm, and the soil covering device is fixed to the beam at the rear end of the front frame through the connecting frame.

A hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the bottom bracket and the middle bracket of the straw covering mechanism, and through the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the middle bracket can rotate around the hinge joint between the bottom bracket and the middle bracket; a hydraulic pressure cylinder is arranged between the middle bracket and the top bracket. The oil cylinder, through the action of the hydraulic oil cylinder, the top bracket can rotate around the hinge joint between the middle bracket and the top bracket.

Spacer plates are evenly distributed on the straw conveying chain, and chain steel bars are arranged between the spacer plates.

The rear connection frame is provided with a standing platform and a guardrail, and the straw-covered monitoring port is located in front of the standing platform; the rear end of the rear connection frame is provided with a rear ground wheel; the rear ground wheel is connected to the rear through a height adjustment arm The beam of the rack is fixed, and the horizontal position of the rear connecting rack can be adjusted through the height adjustment arm.

There are three fertilizer dischargers arranged below the fertilizer box, and the fertilizer discharger is located between the four groups of sowing mechanisms, and the fertilizer discharger is driven by a sprocket driven by a toothed ground wheel; the sowing mechanism includes a seed chain The seed-taking chain is evenly distributed with spoon-type seed cups. The seed-taking chain is driven by the sprocket driven by the toothed ground wheel, and the potato seeds are taken out from the seed box and transported to the seed introduction tube. Put it on the ground.

Positive effects of the present utility model: the planter suitable for planting potatoes in the straw-covered agronomic mode described in the utility model is a new product modified according to the idea of combining agricultural machinery and agronomy on the basis of the traditional potato planter. The technical principle is to separate the rice stubble through the ditching disk, and open a shallow ditch, place the potato seed points in the ditch through the seeding mechanism, and sprinkle the fertilizer quantitatively between the potato seed rows while placing the potato seeds , use the soil covering device to ditch and form a furrow, and at the same time cover the soil layer on the surface of the potato seeds, and finally cover the straw with the straw covering mechanism to complete the straw-covered planting of the potatoes. The whole sowing process is completed by the machine at one time, realizing precise seed picking , planting, precise fertilization, low reseeding rate and missed sowing rate, completely solved the traditional straw-covered potato planting problems that require manual placement of potato seeds, covering soil and straw laying, and completely liberated the labor force while reducing It reduces the cost of planting, and is suitable for extensive promotion in areas where potatoes are planted in the straw-covered agronomic mode.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is the working state schematic diagram of the present utility model

Fig. 2 is the non-working state schematic diagram of the utility model

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the rear connection rack

Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the soil cover device

In the figure,

1 Fertilizer box 2 Fertilizer discharger 3 Divided stubble ditching disc 4 Toothed ground wheel 5 kinds of boxes 6 Soil cover device

7 Bottom bracket 8 Middle bracket 9 Top bracket 10 Straw conveyor chain

11 Hydraulic motor 12 Partition board 13 Straw covering mechanism 14 Rear connection frame

15 Standing platform 16 Guardrail 17 Seeding chain 18 Seeding mechanism 19 Buffer spring

20 rear ground wheel 21 height adjustment arm 22 pin shaft 23 connecting plate 24 profiling spring

25 Soil-covering curved plate 26 Angle adjustment plate 27 Plow tip into the soil 28 Depth adjustment arm

29 Connecting frame 30 Straw covered monitoring port

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a planter suitable for planting potatoes in the straw-covered agronomic mode of the utility model includes a fertilizer box (1), a seeding mechanism (18), a toothed ground wheel (4) and a seed box (5), it is characterized in that: also comprise dividing stubble and ditching disc (3), soil covering device (6), straw covering mechanism (13) and rear connection frame (14); Described fertilizer box (1), sowing Mechanism (18), toothed ground wheel (4) and seed box (5) are connected on the front frame, and the rear of front frame is connected with rear connection frame (14); Described seed box (5) is provided with Four groups of sowing mechanisms (18), are connected with the stubble ditching disc (3) directly below the seed guide pipe of the sowing mechanism (18); Soil covering device (6); described straw covering mechanism (13) is fixedly connected on the rear connection frame (14), including bottom support (7), middle support (8), top support (9) and straw conveying chain (10 ); the bottom bracket (7) is fixed on the lower end of the rear connection frame (14), and is located directly below the straw covering monitoring port (30) provided on the rear connection frame (14), and can be connected along the rear connection frame ( 14) lateral movement; the end of the bottom support (7) forms a hinged connection with one end of the intermediate support (8), and the other end of the intermediate support (8) forms a hinged connection with one end of the top support (9); the straw The conveyor chain (10) is sleeved on the guide rollers provided on the bottom bracket (7), the middle bracket (8) and the top bracket (9), and the outer side of the guide roller at the end of the top bracket (9) is connected to the hydraulic motor ( 11) The power output terminal connection.

The front frame is hingedly connected with the connecting plate (23) arranged at the front end of the rear connecting frame (14) through the pin shaft (22) provided at the rear; A buffer spring (19) is arranged between the two sides of the rear end.

A hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the bottom bracket (7) and the middle bracket (8) of the straw covering mechanism (13), and through the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the middle bracket (8) can wrap around the bottom bracket (7) and the middle bracket (8) The hinged joint rotates; a hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the middle bracket (8) and the top bracket (9), and through the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the top bracket (9) can rotate around the middle bracket (8) and the top bracket (9) The hinge joint rotates; as shown in Figure 2, in the non-working state, the middle bracket (8) and the top bracket (9) can rotate around the hinge joint under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the straw covering mechanism (13) is folded , the folded straw covering mechanism (13) will be located at the straw covering monitoring port (30); The top support (9) is in a horizontal position, and is positioned at the outside of the rear connection frame (14).

Spacer plates (12) are uniformly distributed on the straw conveying chain (10), and chain steel bars are formed between the spacer plates (12).

The described rear connecting frame (14) is provided with a standing platform (15) and a guardrail (16), and the straw covering monitoring port (30) is positioned at the front of the standing platform (15); the rear connecting frame (14) is at the rear end A rear ground wheel (20) is provided; the rear ground wheel (20) is fixed to the crossbeam of the rear connection frame (14) through the height adjustment arm (21), and the rear connection frame ( 14) Horizontal position. the

The bottom of the fertilizer box (1) is provided with three fertilizer dischargers (2), and the position of the fertilizer discharger (2) is located between the four groups of seeding mechanisms (18). The sprocket driven by the wheel (4) drives; the seeding mechanism (18) includes a seed-taking chain (17), and the seed-taking chain (17) is evenly distributed with spoon-type seed cups, and the seed-taking chain (17) passes through the toothed ground. The sprocket driven by the wheel (4) is driven to take out the potato seeds from the seed box (5) and transport them to the seed guide tube, and put the potato seeds on the ground through the seed guide tube.

As shown in Figure 4, the soil cover (6) is connected to the beam at the rear end of the front frame, and the fixed position of the soil cover (6) can move laterally along the beam; the soil cover (6) includes a connecting frame (29) , profiling spring (24), soil-covering arc-shaped plate (25), angle adjustment plate (26), soil plow point (27) and depth adjustment arm (28); described profiling spring (24) is connected to connecting frame ( 29), the soil-covering arc-shaped plates (25) are two left and right symmetrical, and an angle adjustment plate (26) is arranged between the soil-covering arc-shaped plates (25), which can adjust the opening angle of the soil-covering arc-shaped plates (25), The soil-entrying plow point (27) is arranged at the front end of the soil-covering arc-shaped plate (25); the soil-covering arc-shaped plate (25) and the soil-entrying plow point (27) are connected to the connecting frame (29) through the depth adjustment arm (28), and the soil covering device (6) fix by the crossbeam of connecting frame (29) and front frame rear end.

The working process of the present utility model is: a planter suitable for planting potatoes in the straw-covered agronomic mode described in the present utility model. The tractor with a trailer is equipped with enough straw, and advances synchronously with the tractor on which the planter is suspended when sowing; when working, it is necessary to connect the oil circuit of the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic motor with the hydraulic oil circuit of the tractor, and control the two sets of hydraulic cylinders to move the straw The covering mechanism is unfolded to the working position shown in Figure 1. At this time, the top bracket is in a horizontal position and is located outside the rear connecting frame. Above the trailer with straw; start sowing, start the hydraulic system of the hydraulic motor, and the straw conveying chain starts to rotate under the drive of the hydraulic motor, and the two tractors move forward. Start working with the seeding mechanism, the fertilizer is sprinkled on the land according to the first certain amount, the potato seeds are taken out of the seed box by the seed picking chain, and placed regularly in the shallow ditch opened by the stubble ditching disc, located in the front The cover device at the rear of the frame will open deep trenches on both sides of the potato seed placement area, and cover part of the soil on the potato seeds. At this time, the rice stubble separation, ditching, fertilization, four Arrangement of potato seeds, ditching into furrows, and covering soil operations on seeds.

The straw on the trailer is manually placed on the straw conveying chain of the straw covering mechanism, and the straw conveying chain is provided with a partition plate to effectively prevent the straw from slipping; through the rotation of the straw conveying chain, the straw is conveyed to the top of the potato seed and put down The straw covers the potato seeds, and the whole process can be monitored by the staff standing on the standing platform; the horizontal position of the bottom bracket of the straw covering mechanism on the rear connecting frame can be adjusted manually, so that the position of the straw covering is in the best position; through the control The speed of the hydraulic motor can realize the adjustment of the straw covering thickness. After the whole sowing work is finished, the straw covering mechanism can be folded back to facilitate the transportation of the implement.

Claims (7)

1. be applicable to a sower for rice straw mulching agronomy pattern plantation potato, comprise fertile case, sowing mechanism, dentation land wheel and plant case, it is characterized in that: also comprise a point stubble ditching-disk, covering device, rice straw mulching mechanism and rear connection frame; Described fertile case, sowing mechanism, dentation land wheel and kind case are connected on forebay, and the rear of forebay is connected with rear connection frame; Be provided with four groups of sowing mechanisms in described kind of case, immediately below the grain conductor of sowing mechanism, be connected with a point stubble ditching-disk; The rear described forebay being positioned at sowing mechanism is fixedly connected with covering device; Described rice straw mulching mechanism is fixedly connected on rear connection frame, comprises bottom bracket, intermediate support, top-support and straw chain; Described bottom bracket is fixed on the lower end of rear connection frame, and be positioned at rear connection frame is arranged rice straw mulching monitoring mouth immediately below, can along rear connection frame transverse shifting; The end of described bottom bracket and one end of intermediate support form and are hinged, and the other end of intermediate support and one end of top-support form and be hinged; Described straw chain is socketed on guide roller that bottom bracket, intermediate support and top-support are arranged, and the outside of guide roller of described top-support end is connected with the clutch end of hydraulic motor.

2. a kind of sower being applicable to rice straw mulching agronomy pattern plantation potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bearing pin that described forebay is arranged by rear and the connecting plate that rear connection frame front end is arranged form and be hinged; Buffer spring is provided with between described rear both sides, connection frame front end and the both sides of forebay rear end.

3. a kind of sower being applicable to rice straw mulching agronomy pattern plantation potato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described covering device is connected on the crossbeam of forebay rear end, the fixed position of covering device can along crossbeam transverse shifting; Described covering device comprises link, copying spring, earthing arc, angle adjustment plate, bury plough point and depth adjustment arm; Described copying spring is connected on link, and earthing arc is symmetrical two, is provided with angle adjustment plate between earthing arc, and the plough point that buries is arranged at earthing arc front end; Described earthing arc, the plough point that buries are connected with link by depth adjustment arm, and covering device is fixed by the crossbeam of link and forebay rear end.

4. a kind of sower being applicable to rice straw mulching agronomy pattern plantation potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with hydraulic jack between the bottom bracket of described rice straw mulching mechanism and intermediate support; Hydraulic jack is provided with between described intermediate support and top-support.

5. a kind of sower being applicable to rice straw mulching agronomy pattern plantation potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: uniformly on described straw chain be provided with space bar, is chain steel rod between space bar.

6. a kind of sower being applicable to rice straw mulching agronomy pattern plantation potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rear connection frame is provided with standing platform and guardrail, and rice straw mulching monitoring mouth is positioned at the front of standing platform; Described rear connection frame rearmost end is provided with rear land wheel; Described rear land wheel is fixed by the crossbeam of height regulating arm and rear connection frame.

7. a kind of sower being applicable to rice straw mulching agronomy pattern plantation potato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the below of described fertile case is provided with three fertilizer apparatuss, the position of position between four groups of sowing mechanisms of fertilizer apparatus, the chain wheel drive that fertilizer apparatus is driven by dentation land wheel; Described sowing mechanism comprises gets kind of a chain, gets on kind of chain and is evenly equipped with a spoonful formula kind cup, get the chain wheel drive that kind of chain is driven by dentation land wheel.