CN204270126U - A Hierarchical Management System for Household Roof Photovoltaics - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses roof, a kind of family photovoltaic stratification management system, comprise: the user monitoring terminal be made up of user side watch-dog and ZigBee wireless communication module, the area monitoring substation be made up of ZigBee network coordinator, MCU, environmental detection sensor, GPRS module, the remote management center be made up of computer for controlling and web server.The utility model adopts ZigBee/GPRS network to communicate, and avoid the loaded down with trivial details of wiring, network capacity is large, security is high; Utilize LabVIEW virtual instrument development platform to carry out the exploitation of administration interface, make the visualization of system high, easy to operate; This system achieves the intelligent management of roof, the family photovoltaic project for integrated distribution, multiple spot access.

Description

A Hierarchical Management System for Household Roof Photovoltaics

technical field

The utility model relates to ZigBee and GPRS wireless communication technology, LabVIEW virtual instrument technology, in particular to a household roof photovoltaic management system based on the above technologies, which is used for the monitoring and monitoring of residential areas or rural household rooftop photovoltaic projects with centralized distribution and multi-point access. manage.

Background technique

With the development of distributed photovoltaic power generation technology, household rooftop photovoltaic projects are gradually entering thousands of households, especially in some urban communities or rural areas where houses are concentrated. Auxiliary or even main power supply facilities of electricity. The access to large-scale distributed rooftop photovoltaics has brought difficulties and challenges to the management of power grid companies. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct centralized monitoring and management of photovoltaic projects in this case to improve the safety and security of household power supply. reliability.

At present, most of the existing photovoltaic monitoring systems are aimed at close-range monitoring of large-scale photovoltaic power plants, and transmit data through serial communication with the host computer through the bus. The transmission distance is short and the network structure is simple. This kind of monitoring system is mainly based on monitoring functions. It has many monitoring indicators and a large amount of monitoring data, and requires a dedicated server for data storage and reporting, resulting in difficult system maintenance and high operating costs. Therefore, the existing photovoltaic monitoring system is not suitable for the management of large-scale household rooftop photovoltaic projects.

The wireless data transmission method combining ZigBee technology and GPRS technology has been applied in many fields, such as sewage treatment process monitoring system, urban street lighting management system, remote wireless meter reading system, etc. The technology is relatively mature and very It is suitable for application in household rooftop photovoltaic management systems, but there are no research results or patents in this area yet.

The existing photovoltaic monitoring system mainly focuses on the collection of electric energy indicators and the calculation of electric energy quality. The upper computer software mainly realizes the display and storage functions. It is particularly important to realize the control functions such as timely detection and switching of grid faults or user-side faults, and dispatching, grid faults or user-side faults. At present, there is still a lack of photovoltaic management systems with the above functions.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a household rooftop photovoltaic management system suitable for centralized distribution and multi-point access, which can provide short-distance wireless communication and long-distance data transmission, and realize the , Hierarchical monitoring and management of each family to ensure the safety and reliability of power supply.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model proposes a hierarchical management system for household rooftop photovoltaics, which consists of three levels: user monitoring terminals, regional monitoring sub-stations, and remote management centers. The user monitoring terminal and the regional monitoring sub-station communicate through the ZigBee network to realize the uploading of monitoring data and the receiving of control instructions; the regional monitoring sub-station and the remote control center communicate through the GPRS network to realize the sending of regional data and the receiving of control instructions Receive; the remote control center monitors and manages the operating status of the system in the area through the LabVIEW management interface.

The user monitoring terminal includes the user monitoring equipment and the ZigBee wireless communication module. The user monitoring equipment collects the voltage, current, power, temperature and other information of the inverter and the battery, displays it to the user and organizes these data through the ZigBee wireless communication module. Upload to the regional monitoring sub-station; at the same time, the ZigBee wireless communication module receives the instructions conveyed by the regional monitoring sub-station, and controls the work of the rooftop photovoltaic equipment through the user-end monitoring equipment.

The regional monitoring sub-station includes a ZigBee network coordinator, MCU, environmental detection sensor, and GPRS module. The ZigBee network coordinator is responsible for receiving data from each user monitoring terminal in the area and the establishment and maintenance of the ZigBee network in the area. The environmental detection sensor is responsible for For the monitoring of weather conditions such as sunshine and temperature in the area, the MCU is responsible for converting the format of the data that needs to be sent to the remote management center and sending it to the GPRS module. The GPRS module is responsible for sending data to the remote management center and receiving control commands from the remote control center . The remote control center includes a control computer and a web server, and uses the management interface developed by LabVIEW software to display and store the data reported by the regional monitoring sub-station. The data is stored and managed, and the data is uploaded to the upper management unit through the web server.

The above-mentioned client monitoring equipment includes a data collector, a serial port communication circuit, an MCU, a display screen, control buttons, and a power supply module.

The aforementioned LabVIEW management interface includes a system startup interface, a system main control interface, a system setting interface, a real-time display interface, a historical data interface, and a fault alarm interface.

The above-mentioned server database adopts the combination of relational database and memory database to store the information of each region and each user in layers, which is convenient for the local management center and the superior management unit to query and call the data.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that: the user monitoring terminal adopts the ZigBee wireless communication mode to report the collected data and receive the control signal. The wiring is cumbersome, and this technology has the advantages of large network capacity, high security, and low power consumption. It is especially suitable for household rooftop photovoltaic projects with centralized distribution and multi-point access.

The regional monitoring sub-station not only has the function of converting communication signals, but more importantly realizes the establishment and management of the ZigBee wireless network in the region, which facilitates the overall monitoring and management of each region by the remote management center.

Using the LabVIEW virtual instrument development platform to develop the management interface makes the system highly visible, easy to operate, and easy to maintain and expand system functions. Through the remote management center, the data of each region or each user can be directly invoked to understand its operating status, send control commands in time or perform power grid dispatching, realizing intelligent management and greatly improving management efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the communication network of the household rooftop photovoltaic management system in the embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the hardware composition of the regional monitoring substation in the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the remote management center in the embodiment of the utility model.

Detailed ways

The structure and characteristics of the present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The examples given are only used to explain the present utility model, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of the system in the utility model embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, in this embodiment, the household rooftop photovoltaic management system includes a remote management center, multiple regional monitoring sub-stations and several user monitoring terminals. The remote management center and the regional monitoring sub-station communicate through the existing GPRS network, and the regional monitoring sub-station and the user terminal communicate through the ZigBee wireless network.

The communication network of the entire management system in this embodiment adopts a tree topology structure, the tree network structure is simpler than the mesh network structure, the cost is low, the routing cost is less, and the time delay is relatively small, and it is not easy to cause large-scale faults. It is convenient for timely processing and is suitable for a system similar to the institution in this example. In a system with many nodes, especially a system with multiple management centers and multiple regions that need to communicate with each other, a mesh network with higher reliability can also be used, but its cost is relatively higher.

The user monitoring terminal includes a user end monitoring device and a ZigBee wireless communication module.

In this embodiment, the client monitoring device is composed of a data collector, a serial port communication circuit, an 8051-based MCU development board, an LCD display, control buttons, and a power module. The data collector collects the voltage, current, and Power, temperature and other information are uploaded to the internal storage unit of the MCU through the serial port communication circuit to realize the display and control of the user end.

In this embodiment, the second-generation 2.4GHz ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 radio frequency transceiver CC2520 of TI Company is selected as the ZigBee wireless communication chip of the user monitoring terminal. Its price is relatively low and its performance is stable. CC2520 communicates with the MCU through the serial port, The data is sent to the regional monitoring sub-station according to the ZigBee communication protocol specification. At the same time, the ZigBee wireless communication module receives the instructions from the regional monitoring sub-station, and controls the work of the rooftop photovoltaic equipment through the user-end monitoring equipment.

As shown in Figure 2, in the design of the regional monitoring substation, TI's powerful system-on-chip CC2538 for 2.4GHz IEEE 802.15.4-2006 and ZigBee applications is selected as the main chip. This product includes a powerful ARM Cortex M3-based MCU system with up to 32KB of on-chip RAM and up to 512KB of on-chip flash memory and reliable IEEE 802.15.4 radio capabilities capable of handling complex network stacks involving security, demanding applications and over-the-air downloads, 32 general-purpose inputs and outputs (GPIO) and Serial Peripheral Interface for simple connections to the rest of the board.

The GPRS module adopts the MC35i module of Siemens Company, which is small in size and easy to integrate into other devices, and can obtain permanent online connection, fast data storage and faster data download speed.

The regional monitoring sub-station also includes an external storage module, an environment detection sensor, a data collector, a serial port communication circuit, and a power supply module. The environmental detection sensor is responsible for monitoring the weather conditions such as sunshine and temperature in the area, and the data is transmitted to the MCU composed of CC2538 through the data collector, and the MCU completes the storage and conversion of the data.

The communication between GPRS module and CC2538 adopts UART interface. CC2538 first sets the serial port parameters of the module, and then sets the module parameters. After the GPRS module is successfully connected to the network, CC2538 encapsulates the data to be sent into a TCP/IP frame format and sends it to the GPRS module through the serial port. The data is sent to the GPRS network through the GPRS network. Remote management center.

The upper computer of the remote management center uses Siemens industrial control computer, and real-time data transmission is carried out between the upper computer and the regional sub-stations through the GPRS network. As shown in Figure 3, using the LabVIEW software to develop the management interface, the TCP/IP protocol module in LabVIEW can receive the GPRS signal from the monitoring substation, and after the format conversion of the received data, the control and virtual instrument for display and operation.

Use LabVIEW software to design the system startup interface, system main control interface, system setting interface, real-time display interface, historical data interface, and fault alarm interface. The convenient graphical display function of LabVIEW provides professional visual operation for managers. The management interface observes the operation status of each area and each user, and sends control commands in time.

A combination of relational database and memory database is used to establish a user database using SQL, and the user data is stored and managed through the LabVIEW interface module, and the user data is uploaded to the web server, which is convenient for the superior management unit to view and call.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, but other structural changes, substitutions and modifications based on the technical solution of the utility model should also be included in the protection scope of the utility model claims, and the specific protection scope is determined by the appended The scope of the claims shall prevail.

Claims (7)

1. A household rooftop photovoltaic hierarchical management system, characterized in that: the system is composed of three levels of user monitoring terminals, regional monitoring sub-stations, and remote management centers, wherein: the user monitoring terminal and the regional monitoring sub-station are connected via ZigBee The network communicates to realize the uploading of monitoring data and the receiving of control instructions; the regional monitoring sub-station and the remote control center communicate through the GPRS network to realize the sending of regional data and the receiving of control instructions; the remote control center realizes the control through the LabVIEW management interface. Monitoring and management of system operation status in the region. 2. A household rooftop photovoltaic hierarchical management system according to claim 1, characterized in that the user monitoring terminal includes user end monitoring equipment and a ZigBee wireless communication module. 3. A household rooftop photovoltaic hierarchical management system according to claim 1, characterized in that the regional monitoring sub-station includes a ZigBee network coordinator, MCU, environmental detection sensor, and GPRS module. 4. A hierarchical management system for household rooftop photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that the remote control center includes a control computer and a web server. 5. A household rooftop photovoltaic layered management system according to claim 1, characterized in that the client monitoring equipment includes a data collector, a serial communication circuit, an MCU, a display screen, control buttons, and a power module. 6. A kind of household rooftop photovoltaic hierarchical management system according to claim 1, characterized in that the LabVIEW management interface includes a system startup interface, a system master control interface, a system setting interface, a real-time display interface, a historical data interface, and a fault alarm interface. 7. A hierarchical management system for household rooftop photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that the database server uses a combination of a relational database and an internal memory database to store the information of each area and each user in a hierarchical manner.