CN204225780U - Marine riser, offshore drilling system - Google Patents
Marine riser, offshore drilling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204225780U CN204225780U CN201420650158.9U CN201420650158U CN204225780U CN 204225780 U CN204225780 U CN 204225780U CN 201420650158 U CN201420650158 U CN 201420650158U CN 204225780 U CN204225780 U CN 204225780U
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Abstract
A kind of marine riser, offshore drilling system, wherein marine riser comprises the first pipe, and ties the buoyancy tube on described first pipe outer peripheral face, and described buoyancy tube has closed inner chamber; Fill up gas in buoyancy tube inner chamber, and the air pressure in described buoyancy tube is not less than atmospheric pressure.Compared to the mode of prior art extend oil, save the energy.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to marine structure engineering field, is specifically related to a kind of marine riser, offshore drilling system.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, existing offshore drilling system comprises offshore boring island 1, marine riser 2 and subsea wellheads 3, a part for offshore boring island 1 is exposed to above the S of sea level, subsea wellheads 3 is positioned on sea bed G, one end of marine riser 2 extends offshore boring island 1, the other end extends in subsea wellheads 3, and subsea wellheads 3 is sealed by cover plate 4.Marine riser 2 connects offshore boring island 1 and subsea wellheads 3, and it is used for slurry conveyed, rubble etc. and gets out thing when drilling well, be used for transferring oil when recovering the oil as oil pipeline.
Wherein, marine riser 2 comprises outer tube 2a sheathed successively from outside to inside, interior pipe 2b.During drillng operation, drilling rod 5 is arranged in interior pipe 2b, and outer tube 2a and interior pipe 2b is stretched out in one end that drilling rod 5 is connected with drill bit 5a.
During drilling engineering operation, need first at sea bed G, subsea wellheads 3 to be dug, then transfer past above the S of sea level for marine riser 2, when the bottom of marine riser 2 reaches sea bed G, docked with subsea wellheads 3 bottom of marine riser 2, drill bit 5a stretches into from marine riser 2 top, stretches out and extend in subsea wellheads 3 carry out drillng operation from bottom along with drilling rod 5.In marine riser 2, the space for closing between outer tube 2a and interior pipe 2b, is filled with oil (with reference to Fig. 2) in this enclosure space.The both ends open of interior pipe 2b, the mud, rubble etc. that produce during drill bit 5a operation can by above interior pipe 2b emersion sea level S; After drilling through oil well, interior pipe 2b just can be used for transferring oil.
Marine riser 2 when drilling well in actual that work is interior pipe 2b, the object arranging outer tube 2a is the volume that increases marine riser 2 to increase its buoyancy in the seawater, reduces subsidence velocity.The object of extend oil has two: one to be that auxiliary outer tube 2a resists seawater pressure, prevents outer tube 2a to be destroyed under sea pressure; Two is if the material density of filling is too large, and the quality of marine riser will be made comparatively large, then the difference between the buoyancy that is subject to of marine riser and gravity is less, be difficult to play the effect reducing subsidence velocity, and the density of oil is smaller than water, compared to other materials of filling, the quality of marine riser 2 is relatively little.
The defect of existing offshore drilling system is:
The first, as mentioned above, need between the inner and outer pipes of marine riser to fill with oil, and in order to make the speed of sinking reach desired value, the amount of the oil of needs is very large, and energy consumption is large; And the huge space of a large amount of oil requires stores, therefore require that between inner and outer pipes, enclosure space is comparatively large, causes the volume of marine riser very huge.In addition, inner and outer pipes generally manufactures with steel, makes the weight of marine riser large.The factor of above-mentioned several respects also causes the gigantic project of placing marine riser toward seabed simultaneously.
The second, after drillng operation completes, offshore boring island 1 will move to other marine sites and carry out other drillng operations, and now need one end marine riser 2 being extended offshore boring island 1 to depart from offshore boring island 1 and be connected, marine riser 2 then will sink to seabed.During oil producing operation, need marine riser 2 again from submarine fishing, then recover the oil.This mode causes the duplication of labour, wastes time and energy very much, waste resource.
3rd, before drilling engineering starts, need subsea wellheads 3 to be dug on sea bed G in advance, subsea wellheads 3 generally needs to take up an area 4m
2left and right, its bore is much larger than the bore of oil well, and floor space is large, engineering quantity is large, and once addressing mistake, subsea wellheads 3 will go out of use, and cause engineering to waste.Floor space simultaneously due to subsea wellheads 3 is comparatively large, the infringement that sea bed G is subject to and destroy also larger.When marine riser 2 is placed from sea level S towards subsea wellheads 3, if sea water advanced comparatively large, by the impact of ocean current etc., marine riser 2 can produce larger skew near one end of sea bed G, now need to carry out secondary location in seabed, so that marine riser 2 is aimed at subsea wellheads 3.In addition, when marine riser 2 docks with subsea wellheads 3, need underwater robot to operate, butt-joint operation technical difficulty is high, length consuming time, generally needs within 1 ~ 2 month, just can complete.
Utility model content
The problem that the utility model solves is:
The first, the marine riser of existing offshore drilling system is by slowing down subsidence velocity at the outside extend oil of interior pipe, and energy consumption is large; Marine riser steel manufacture, quality is large, volume is large, causes engineering difficulty high;
3rd, marine riser is sunk to seabed by existing offshore drilling system after drilling, needing it again to salvage, causing the duplication of labour when recovering the oil;
3rd, subsea wellheads gigantic project, the destruction that huge floor space causes sea bed is large, and the butt-joint operation of marine riser and subsea wellheads is complicated.
For solving the problem, the utility model provides a kind of marine riser, comprises the first pipe, and ties the buoyancy tube on described first pipe outer peripheral face, and described buoyancy tube has closed inner chamber;
Fill up gas in buoyancy tube inner chamber, and the air pressure in described buoyancy tube is not less than atmospheric pressure.
Optionally, when described marine riser is positioned in ocean, the air pressure of the geometric center of described buoyancy tube inner chamber is equal with corresponding sea water advanced hydraulic pressure.
Optionally, also comprise the second pipe be sheathed on outside described first pipe, in the space of buoyancy tube between described first pipe and described second pipe, the outer peripheral face of described second pipe for buoyancy pipe collar being located at the first pipe.
Optionally, the perisporium of described second pipe has through hole, can pass through for seawater.
Optionally, described buoyancy tube and described first is managed parallel;
Described buoyancy tube is many and is arranged into row or multiple row, and often row buoyancy tube is around the circumferential array of described first pipe;
Along the radial distribution of described first pipe between multiple row buoyancy tube, mutually circumscribed between adjacent floating solenoid.
Optionally, described marine riser has many that arrange vertically, is connected and is connected by jointing between adjacent marine riser.
Optionally, in described second pipe, the first pipe, buoyancy tube, at least one is glass reinforced plastic pipe.
The utility model also provides a kind of offshore drilling system, the floating on water device comprising the marine riser described in above-mentioned any one and be connected with described marine riser;
Described floating on water device comprises floating drum and is arranged in the suspension conduit in described floating drum along the axis of marine riser;
Described floating drum has closed inner chamber;
Described floating drum is stretched out at the axial two ends of described suspension conduit respectively, is connected near one end of marine riser and is communicated with marine riser.
Optionally, in described floating drum, be provided with slurry cabin, for storing mud, be provided with between described slurry cabin with described suspension conduit and be communicated with valve.
Optionally, described floating drum is provided with mud return duct, and one end of described mud return duct is communicated with the first pipe of described marine riser, and the other end stretches out on described sea level through the perisporium of described floating drum.
Optionally, described mud return duct is communicated with by slush pump with between described marine riser, and described slush pump is used for the mud in described marine riser to extract out.
Optionally, described floating drum is provided with ventilating pipe, and one end of described ventilating pipe and described floating drum inner space, the other end is communicated with air.
Optionally, described suspension conduit is telescopic sleeve pipe, by the distance described in the telescopic adjustment of described suspension conduit between floating drum and described marine riser.
Optionally, described suspension conduit is provided with the first blowout prevention gate, for controlling the conducting of described suspension conduit or closing.
Optionally, the offshore boring island be exposed on sea level is also comprised;
Described floating drum is tied on described offshore boring island by rope chain.
Optionally, seabed coupling device is also comprised;
Described seabed coupling device comprises and connecting vertically and the stationary magazine creel be communicated with and tube connector, and in the junction of described stationary magazine creel and described tube connector, the diameter of described stationary magazine creel is greater than the diameter of described tube connector;
Described stationary magazine creel to be connected near the one end in seabed away from one end and the marine riser of described tube connector and to be communicated with;
Described tube connector is provided with the first scraper away from one end of described stationary magazine creel, and described tube connector can centrally rotate relative to described stationary magazine creel by axle.
Optionally, be provided with oil well pipe in described tube connector, described oil well pipe can stretch out described tube connector along the direction away from described stationary magazine creel;
Described oil well pipe is provided with the second scraper away from one end of described stationary magazine creel, and described oil well pipe can centrally rotate relative to described tube connector by axle, and moves along the direction away from described stationary magazine creel relative to described tube connector.
Optionally, described oil well pipe can move axially relative to described tube connector, and stretches out described tube connector towards the direction away from described stationary magazine creel.
Optionally, described stationary magazine creel is provided with oil pipe tipping mouth, for connected pipes.
Optionally, described stationary magazine creel is provided with positioner tipping mouth, for connection locator.
Optionally, described marine riser is provided with the second blowout prevention gate near one end of seabed coupling device, for controlling the conducting of described marine riser or closing.
Optionally, described seabed coupling device also comprises spherojoint, is connected between described stationary magazine creel and described marine riser by spherojoint.
Compared with prior art, the technical solution of the utility model has the following advantages:
Tie multiple buoyancy tube being filled with gas by pipe periphery in marine riser and play the effect slowing down marine riser subsidence velocity, compared to the mode of prior art extend oil, save the energy.
Further, marine riser each several part is the glass reinforced plastic pipe of lighter weight, and under same requirement of strength, the volume of glass reinforced plastic pipe is less, takes up room little, can effectively reduce the engineering difficulty of placing marine riser.
Further, connect floating on water device at marine riser near the position on sea level, after drillng operation terminates, floating on water device makes marine riser keep standing in ocean, avoids marine riser to sink to seabed, facilitates follow-up oil producing operation.
Further, seabed coupling device comprises for piercing tube connector, and to the stationary magazine creel be located on sea bed, along with marine riser together with arrives seabed after being connected by seabed coupling device during use with marine riser, then start tube connector to rotate, utilize the first scraper of its bottom to pierce sea bed.Compared to prior art, do not need to offer subsea wellheads in advance in seabed, reduce engineering quantity, also eliminate the step of being docked with subsea wellheads by marine riser simultaneously.Further, the subsea wellheads got out by tube connector is substantially identical with the bore of oil well, little to the destruction of sea bed.If addressing mistake in addition, seabed coupling device can be extracted from sea bed, reuses.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of existing offshore drilling system;
Fig. 2 is the cross sectional representation of existing marine riser;
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of offshore drilling system in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the cross sectional representation of marine riser in the offshore drilling system of the utility model embodiment, illustrated therein is the part buoyancy tube between outer tube and interior pipe;
Fig. 5 is the perspective view of marine riser in the offshore drilling system of the utility model embodiment, wherein not shown buoyancy tube;
Fig. 6 is marine riser schematic cross-section in axial direction in the offshore drilling system of the utility model embodiment, illustrated therein is the flow direction of mud;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of floating on water device in the offshore drilling system of the utility model embodiment, illustrated therein is the cross-section structure of floating drum;
Fig. 8 is the joint schematic diagram of seabed coupling device in the offshore drilling system of the utility model embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Because present drillng operation likely carries out in the marine site of the 3000m depth of water, so in close one end, seabed, the pressure that marine riser is subject to is very large.In order to enable marine riser resist hydraulic pressure, the tube wall of marine riser needs enough thickness, this considerably increases the volume and weight of marine riser.
For meeting the requirement of buoyancy, the diameter (i.e. the external diameter of marine riser) of outer tube is very large, and the external diameter as root marine riser every in " 981 " offshore boring island reaches 1.37m, take length as 22m is example, the heaviest every root at least 65 tons, the weight of the marine riser that 3000m is long will reach 7 kilotons.Huge volume and weight causes when installing marine riser, and substantially can only dock with screw between adjacent marine riser and between marine riser with other devices, not only require great effort but also time-consuming, installation effectiveness is very low.
For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model, feature and advantage more become apparent, and are described in detail specific embodiment of the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of offshore drilling system, with reference to shown in Fig. 3, comprises offshore boring island 10, marine riser 20, floating on water device 30 and seabed coupling device 40.Wherein, marine riser 20 comprises many, is interconnected vertically and is communicated with, and merely illustrates the part in marine riser 20 in Fig. 2, is connected between adjacent marine riser 20 by jointing (not shown).When offshore drilling system is positioned in ocean, floating on water device 30 has at least a part to be exposed on the S of sea level and ties in marine riser 20, and one end of seabed coupling device 40 is imbedded in sea bed G, the other end is connected with marine riser 20 one end near seabed.
When offshore drilling system is positioned in ocean, each part mentioned above one end is upward called top, and one end is down called bottom.A part for offshore boring island 10 is exposed to above the S of sea level, and engineering staff carries out construction operation on offshore boring island 10.The bottom of floating on water device 30 is connected with the top of the marine riser 20 near sea level S and is communicated with, and floating on water device 30 can be suspended in sea all the time, marine riser 20 therefore can be made to keep standing in ocean, avoid it to sink to seabed.The top of seabed coupling device 40 is connected with the bottom of the marine riser 20 near seabed and is communicated with, and seabed coupling device 40 arrives sea bed G with marine riser 20, and its bottom pierces in sea bed G, realizes, with the joint of sea bed G, making marine riser 20 complete location in seabed.
In order to resist the stormy waves on sea, floating on water device 30 is tied on offshore boring island 10 by rope chain 33, makes marine riser 20 and floating on water device 30 when drillng operation can obtain more stable location, avoids it to wave with stormy waves.
When marine riser 20 is after seabed completes location, drilling rod 50 is transferred by engineering staff on offshore boring island 10 from the top of floating on water device 30, drilling rod 50 arrives seabed through floating on water device 30, marine riser 20, seabed coupling device 40 successively, the bottom of drilling rod 50 is provided with drill bit 51, drill bit 51 stretches out from the bottom of seabed coupling device 40, then carries out drillng operation.
Compared to prior art, before using the offshore drilling system of the present embodiment to carry out drillng operation, do not need to offer subsea wellheads in advance in seabed, as long as the location of marine riser 20 in seabed can be realized after seabed coupling apparatus 40 is pierced sea bed G, also eliminate the step of being docked with subsea wellheads by marine riser, engineering quantity reduces greatly simultaneously.Seabed coupling apparatus 40 pierces the cross sectional area of sea bed G part much smaller than 4m
2, therefore can effectively reduce the floor space of subsea wellheads, reduce the infringement that drillng operation causes sea bed G.
If mistake appears in the addressing of drillng operation, such as drilling well region does not have oil, then seabed coupling device 40 can be extracted from sea bed G, and again carry out drillng operation along with marine riser 20 is transported to other marine sites together, utilization rate is high.
After drillng operation completes, offshore boring island 10 and floating on water device 30 depart from, offshore boring island 10 can move to other marine sites and carry out drilling well work, the top of marine riser 20 is then suspended in ocean with 30, floating on water device, follow-up when carrying out oil producing operation, not need as in prior art again by marine riser 20 from submarine fishing, be very easy to follow-up oil producing operation, decrease the duplication of labour.
Below the concrete structure of marine riser 20, floating on water device 30 and seabed coupling device 40 is described in detail.
With reference to shown in Fig. 4-6, introduce the concrete structure of marine riser 20 below.
Marine riser 20 has the first pipe 21, the second pipe 22 be sheathed on outside the first pipe 21, and the many buoyancy tubes 23 between the first pipe 21 and the second pipe 22, in many buoyancy tubes 23 space between the first pipe 21 and the second pipe 22, mutually circumscribed between adjacent floating solenoid 23.Buoyancy tube 23 is located at outside the first pipe 21, the buoyancy that the volume for increasing marine riser 20 is subject in ocean to increase marine riser 20; The hydraulic pressure that in buoyancy tube 23, blanketing gas is subject in ocean to resist its perisporium.Compared to the mode of existing marine riser extend oil between the inner and outer pipe sections, the marine riser of the present embodiment obviously has lighter weight, when it is placed in ocean, the difference between buoyancy and gravity is comparatively large, can play the effect reducing marine riser 20 subsidence velocity better.
With reference to (in Fig. 5 not shown buoyancy tube 23) shown in Fig. 5, the perisporium of the second pipe 22 has through hole 22a, and through hole 22a can pass through for seawater.The effect of the second pipe 22 be by buoyancy tube 23 lock ring on the periphery wall of the first pipe 21, namely buoyancy tube 23 is fixed.Enter the space in the second pipe 22 and the first pipe 21 after the through hole 22a of seawater by the second pipe 22 and act on the outer peripheral face of the first pipe 21, making on the outer peripheral face of the first pipe 21 stressed comparatively even; And seawater enters the second pipe 22 inside, the inside and outside both sides of the second pipe 22 perisporium are all subject to the pressure of seawater, the stressed of perisporium both sides of the second pipe 22 is balanced, therefore can the perisporium of the second pipe 22 is arranged more thinner, to reduce the weight that materials also alleviate marine riser further.
When drillng operation, drilling rod 50 passes and arrives seabed from the first pipe 21.Wherein, with reference to Fig. 6, drilling rod 50 has axial through hole 52, for pouring into mud.Offshore boring island 10 is provided with mud pit (not shown), as shown in Figure 6, mud in mud pit pours into from the through hole 52 of drilling rod 50 along hollow arrow direction, after arriving drilling rod 50 bottom, enter into the space between the first pipe 21 and drilling rod 50 from marine riser 20 bottom, then upwards reflux along the first pipe 21, until arrive the top of well system, enter the mud pit on offshore boring island 10, flow back in drilling rod 50 by mud pit again, so circulate.
Can produce the boring muds such as a lot of aggregate chips in the process of drilling well, mud is for impelling the boring mud emersions such as the aggregate chips that gets out.Need the concrete structure of soil according to seabed in actual marine site or rock in engineering, choose the proportion of mud.The principle that mud is chosen is: the proportion of mud should be greater than the proportion of the boring muds such as the aggregate chips got out, can to floating when the boring muds such as aggregate chips can be made like this to be mixed in mud, and follow mud between the first pipe 21 and drilling rod 50 spatially floating to the top of well system, then the mud pit of offshore boring island is back to, then process through doing to filter to mud in mud pit, the boring muds such as the aggregate chips be mixed in mud are removed, makes mud reusable.Because the price of mud is more expensive, and need the mud of at substantial (drilling depth is darker, and marine riser is longer, and the mud amount of needs is larger) in drillng operation, arranging mud backflow can be cost-saving, saves the energy.
Air pressure in buoyancy tube 23 is not less than atmospheric pressure.When marine riser 20 is positioned in ocean, gas pressure in buoyancy tube 23 is within it on side face, for resisting the pressure of seawater eroding on buoyancy tube 23 outer peripheral face, make the pressure be subject to inside and outside buoyancy tube 23 can maintain the state of a balance, avoid buoyancy tube 23 be subject to the pressure effect of seawater and deform or break.
Particularly, when marine riser 20 is positioned in ocean, the air pressure in buoyancy tube 23 should equal corresponding sea water advanced hydraulic pressure substantially, to reach the balance of buoyancy tube 23 external and internal pressure, maintains the normal work of buoyancy tube 23.The hydraulic pressure of seawater eroding on buoyancy tube 23 and sea water advanced positive correlation, namely sea water advanced darker, then the hydraulic pressure of seawater eroding on buoyancy tube 23 is larger, then the air pressure of the gas of filling in buoyancy tube 23 is also larger.
It is generally acknowledged, in the scope of sea level below S 10 meters, the hydraulic pressure of seawater eroding on buoyancy tube 23 is equivalent to a standard atmospheric pressure (101.325kPa), sea water advanced often increase by 10 meters, then the hydraulic pressure of seawater eroding on buoyancy tube 23 is equivalent to an atmospheric intensity with regard to increasing.That is, in the scope that sea level below S is 10 ~ 20 meters, the hydraulic pressure of seawater eroding on buoyancy tube 23 is equivalent to the intensity of two standard atmospheric pressures, the like, such as in the marine site of sea level below S 3000 meters of degree of depth, the hydraulic pressure of seawater eroding on buoyancy tube 23 is then equivalent to the intensity of 300 standard atmospheric pressures.So, in every root buoyancy tube 23, the air pressure level of blanketing gas should be corresponding with its position in the seawater.Particularly, buoyancy tube 23 can have many, parallel with the first pipe 21, such as the length of every root buoyancy tube 23 is ten meters, connects vertically between many buoyancy tubes 23.Intensity due to hydraulic pressure gradually changes along the degree of depth of seawater, therefore the hydraulic pressure that the geometric center of buoyancy tube 23 inner chamber is born can be considered as the hydraulic pressure that this buoyancy tube 23 is subject in the seawater, then fill enough gas, suitable to be subject to hydraulic pressure with it within it in chamber.
It should be noted that the air pressure of buoyancy tube 23 is filled when manufacture, pressure is higher, the pressure that buoyancy tube 23 inner peripheral surface is subject to is larger, therefore need the tube wall of buoyancy tube 23 to arrange thicker, make the thickness of tube wall can resist the pressure of air pressure, avoid it to break.
In the present embodiment, as Fig. 4, the axis of buoyancy tube 23 is parallel with the first pipe 21.Multiple buoyancy tube 23 forms multiple row, and often row buoyancy tube 23 is around the circumferential array of the first pipe 21, and along the radial distribution of the first pipe 21 between multiple row buoyancy tube 23, mutually circumscribed between adjacent floating solenoid 23.In other embodiments, as long as can meet the buoyancy requirement of marine riser 20, multiple buoyancy tube 23 also can only form row.
Wherein, in the first pipe 21, second pipe 22, buoyancy tube 23, at least one is glass reinforced plastic pipe (also claiming glass fiber winding clamp sand pipe, i.e. RPM pipe).The main raw material(s) of glass fiber reinforced plastic selects unsaturated polyester resin and the glass fiber composition of macromolecule component, and density is little, and intensity is good, and has extraordinary wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, antibiosis rust, ageing resistace.The pipe wall made with glass fiber reinforced plastic is smooth, and the pipe therefore obtained also has the advantage that frictional resistance is little, non-scaling, water resistance are little.Glass reinforced plastic pipe is used as the first pipe 21, then the inner peripheral surface of the first pipe 21 obtained is smooth, and therefore can reduce fluid resistance in the process of slurry conveyed or oil, outer peripheral face can resist pressure and the erosion of seawater better.In like manner, when glass reinforced plastic pipe is used as the second pipe 22 and buoyancy tube 23, the second pipe 22 and buoyancy tube can be made to resist pressure and the erosion of seawater preferably.Be the marine riser of raw material compared to adopting steel in prior art, in the present embodiment, the quality of marine riser is lighter, intensity is larger, therefore under identical requirement of strength, in the present embodiment, the wall thickness of marine riser is less, make that the volume of whole marine riser 20 is corresponding to be reduced, weight is lighter, more convenient transport and maintenance.
In other embodiments, the second pipe 22 can not be set, and directly multiple buoyancy tube 23 be tied on the periphery wall of the first pipe 21; Or buoyancy tube 23 is set in outside the first pipe 21, then the two ends of buoyancy tube 23 is tied on the first pipe 21, and make the space-closed between buoyancy tube 23 and the first pipe 21, then blanketing gas in this space.Above-mentioned two kinds of modes can reach the object of the subsidence velocity reducing marine riser 20 equally.
The marine riser of the present embodiment is when the internal diameter of the first pipe 21 is constant, compressed-air actuated buoyancy tube is filled with by tiing outside the first pipe 21, and with the second pipe 22, buoyancy pipe collar is fixed on the first pipe 21 outer peripheral face, due to compressed-air actuated very light weight, almost do not affect the weight of marine riser, therefore the external diameter of the second pipe 22 can be contracted to 0.6 meter.Every root length is the marine riser of 50m, and weight can reduce to 12 tons.Because the density of glass fiber reinforced plastic is less than water, when therefore marine riser is placed in water, can float on the surface.During adjacent marine riser docking, can adopt the mode that spiral docks, installation effectiveness is high.
Shown in Fig. 3 composition graphs 7, introduce the concrete structure of floating on water device below.
Floating on water device 30 is positioned at marine riser 20 one end near sea level S, and is connected with marine riser 20 and is communicated with.When marine riser 20 is positioned in ocean, floating on water device 30 has all the time and is exposed to sea level more than S at least partially, prevents marine riser 20 from sinking in ocean.
Particularly, floating on water device 30 comprises floating drum 31 and runs through the suspension conduit 32 of floating drum 31 along the axis of marine riser 20.Floating drum 31 has closed inner chamber.Suspension conduit 32 is connected with marine riser 20 near one end of marine riser 20 and is communicated with.That is, floating on water device 30 is communicated with marine riser 20 by suspension conduit 32.
The position that suspension conduit 32 upwards passes floating drum 31 is entrance 31a, and then drilling rod 50 penetrates from the entrance 31a of suspension conduit 32, enter into suspension conduit 32 enters marine riser 20 by suspension conduit 32.
The part that suspension conduit 32 stretches out floating drum 31 is provided with the first blowout prevention gate 61, for controlling the conducting of suspension conduit 32 or closing.In drillng operation and follow-up oil producing operation, the first blowout prevention gate 61 is often opened, and permission mud, wet goods fluid pass through.When there is blowout in drillng operation, the oil in seabed can be rapidly to upper ejection along marine riser 20 and suspension conduit 32, now can close rapidly the first blowout prevention gate 61, prevents oil ejection sea and pollution of marine environment.
Further, floating drum 31 has slurry cabin 34 near the side of marine riser 20, for storing mud. have between slurry cabin 34 with suspension conduit 32 and be communicated with valve (not shown), when being communicated with valve open, slurry cabin 34 can be communicated with suspension conduit 32, makes the mud in slurry cabin 34 enter suspension conduit 32.Be communicated with valve and be in normally off, when there is blowout, while closedown first blowout prevention gate 61, open connection valve, make the mud in slurry cabin 34 pour into suspension conduit 32, utilize mud to suppress the oil moved upward, reduce the speed that oil moves upward, the auxiliary oil that prevents sprays sea.
Floating drum 31 is provided with mud return duct 35, and one end of mud return duct 35 is communicated with the first pipe of marine riser, and the other end stretches out on the S of sea level through the perisporium of floating drum 31.During drilling well, mud pours into from drilling rod, and is upwards refluxed by the first pipe 21 of marine riser, after the mud of backflow arrives well system top substantially, flows out to mud pit eventually through mud return duct 35.
Be communicated with by slush pump 36 between mud return duct 35 with slurry cabin 34, slush pump 36 is for extracting out the mud in slurry cabin 34.
Floating drum 31 is provided with ventilating pipe 37, and one end of ventilating pipe 37 and floating drum 31 inner space, the other end is communicated with air.During due to blowout, oil temperature in motion process raises rapidly, when it is through floating on water device 30, can make that the air themperature in floating drum 31 raises, air pressure increase.Ventilating pipe 37, by the air in floating drum 31 and air conducting, can prevent when blowout, owing to blasting because gas pressure is excessive in floating drum 31.
Enclasp device 38 is also provided with, near suspension conduit 32 in floating drum.Marine riser due to whole offshore drilling system has a lot of root, when installing or removing marine riser, need to want one one to install or remove successively, such as when mounted, need to transfer past from floating drum for marine riser one one, finally suspension conduit 32 is connected with the top of marine riser.The effect of enclasp device 38 is used for when dismounting holding marine riser or suspension conduit 32 tightly exactly, carries out the docking between pipe to facilitate engineering staff or disassembles operation.
As shown in Figure 7, the suspension conduit 32 in the present embodiment is telescopic sleeve pipe, by the flexible distance that can regulate between floating drum 31 and marine riser 20 of suspension conduit 32, maintains floating drum 31 and is at least partially exposed through sea level more than S.When having sea wind, wave or action of ocean current on floating on water device 30 or marine riser 20, marine riser 20 meeting run-off the straight, if the total length of floating on water device 30 and marine riser 20 is fixed, then when there is comparatively serious inclination under the effect of marine riser 20 at larger stormy waves or ocean current, floating on water device 30 will be drawn in ocean and be immersed in sea level below S, thus sea level more than S cannot be positioned at by retaining part, not only can affect the safety of passing marine organisms and ship, also will find the difficulty of marine riser 20 when increasing oil producing operation.
In the present embodiment, suspension conduit 32 is set for telescopic sleeve pipe, it can be extended along the direction away from floating drum 31 along with the inclination of marine riser 20, or shorten in reverse direction, to regulate the length of floating on water device 30, floating on water device 30 can be avoided to be submerged in ocean due to the inclination of marine riser 20.
With reference to Fig. 8, introduce the concrete structure of seabed coupling device 40 below.In Fig. 8, be the front view of seabed coupling device 40 along axis left part, right part is sectional view.
As shown in Figure 8, seabed coupling device 40 comprises and connecting vertically and the stationary magazine creel 41 be communicated with and tube connector 42, and in the junction of stationary magazine creel 41 with tube connector 42, the diameter of stationary magazine creel 41 is greater than the diameter of tube connector 42.
Stationary magazine creel 41 to be connected with marine riser 20 away from one end of tube connector 42 and to be communicated with, and tube connector 42 is for piercing in sea bed G, and stationary magazine creel 41 is for being located at above sea bed G.Stationary magazine creel 41 has the first cavity 41a and the second cavity 41b isolated with the first cavity 41a.First cavity 41a is coaxial with the second cavity 41b, and the second cavity 41b is positioned at the first cavity 41a outside radially.Marine riser 20 is communicated with tube connector 42 by the first cavity 41a by stationary magazine creel 41, and the second cavity 41b can be used for place apparatus, instrument etc.
Tube connector 42 is provided with the first scraper 43 away from one end of stationary magazine creel 41, and tube connector 42 can centrally rotate relative to stationary magazine creel 41 by axle.Particularly, after seabed coupling device 40 arrives at sea bed G, start tube connector 42 and rotate, first scraper 43 rotates along with tube connector 43 and drills to sea bed G, along with the rotation of tube connector 42, seabed coupling device 40 continues, toward transferring, to make the first scraper 43 drive tube connector 42 to pierce in sea bed G.When tube connector 42 is substantially all embedded in after in sea bed G, the bottom of stationary magazine creel 41 is to being located on sea bed G, and the so far work of tube connector 42 completes, and stops the rotation.In the present embodiment, pierce efficiency in order to what improve tube connector 42, the diameter arranging tube connector 42 diminishes gradually along the direction away from stationary magazine creel 41, and that is, tube connector 42 cross section is vertically in the truncated cone shape stood upside down.In other embodiments, tube connector 42 also can be cylindrical.
Be provided with oil well pipe 44 in tube connector 42, oil well pipe 44 can stretch out tube connector 42 along the direction away from stationary magazine creel 41.Oil well pipe 44 is provided with the second scraper 45 away from one end of stationary magazine creel 41, and oil well pipe 44 can centrally rotate relative to tube connector 42 and move along the direction away from stationary magazine creel 41 relative to connecting rod 42 by axle.That is oil well pipe 44 can rotate while, carry out drilling well work downwards deeply.
Oil well pipe 44 for can move axially relative to tube connector 42, and stretches out tube connector 42 towards the direction away from stationary magazine creel 41.Oil well pipe 44 has many, and connects vertically and be communicated with.In the process of drilling, along with drilling rod 50 continues downwards deeply, oil well pipe 44 also together deeply, can be used as the borehole wall of oil well downwards.
During engineer operation, oil well pipe 44 is put into via in marine riser 20 from the water surface, and therefore, the diameter of oil well pipe 44 should be less than the diameter of the first pipe 21 in marine riser 20.
Stationary magazine creel 41 is provided with oil pipe tipping mouth 46, for connected pipes.Oil pipe tipping mouth 46 can be multiple, for being hinged with production tree, improves oil recovery efficiency.
Stationary magazine creel 41 is provided with positioner tipping mouth 47, for connection locator, and such as sonar etc.
Marine riser 20 is provided with the second blowout prevention gate 62 near one end of seabed coupling device 40, for controlling the conducting of marine riser 20 or closing.Similar with the first blowout prevention gate 61, the second blowout prevention gate 62, for closing marine riser 20 during blowout, prevents oil from being flow on the S of sea level by marine riser 20.
Further, seabed coupling device 40 also comprises spherojoint 48, is connected between stationary magazine creel 41 and marine riser 20 by spherojoint 48.Spherojoint 48 allows marine riser 20 to rotate relative to stationary magazine creel 41 when tilting with stormy waves or ocean current.Spherojoint 48 comprises the ball-and-socket 48a be connected with stationary magazine creel 41, and is connected with marine riser 20 and is arranged in the bulb 48b of ball-and-socket 48a.All be connected by jointing 49 between stationary magazine creel 41 with ball-and-socket 48a and between bulb 48b with marine riser 20.
It should be noted that in spherojoint 48 through hole that should have and can make marine riser 20 and be communicated with stationary magazine creel 41, for wearing drilling rod 50, and passing through for mud, aggregate chips or oil.
During drillng operation, drilling rod 50, after marine riser 20 and spherojoint 48, enters the first cavity 41a of stationary magazine creel 41, then arrives seabed through tube connector 42, oil well pipe 44 successively, then carries out drilling well.
As can be seen here, in the present embodiment, substantially equal the maximum gauge of tube connector 42 at the bore of the actual well head got out in sea bed G surface, in fact slightly larger than or equal the diameter of marine riser 20, much smaller than the bore of existing subsea wellheads, the destruction of sea bed G is reduced greatly.Moreover because the bore of existing subsea wellheads is comparatively large, the drill bit of needs is also comparatively large, and power one timing, speed of drilling is comparatively slow, and the diameter of tube connector 42 is less, and under identical power, the speed of drilling can be greatly improved, and improves engineering efficiency.
In other embodiments, because the length of marine riser is longer, the flexibility of itself can support the inclination within the scope of certain angle, therefore can not arrange spherojoint, is directly connected with stationary magazine creel by marine riser.
It should be noted that the marine riser 20 in the present embodiment, floating on water device 30 and seabed coupling device 40 can separately use, every part all can be used in other offshore drilling systems.
Although the utility model discloses as above, the utility model is not defined in this.Any those skilled in the art, not departing from spirit and scope of the present utility model, all can make various changes or modifications, and therefore protection domain of the present utility model should be as the criterion with claim limited range.
Claims (22)
1. a marine riser, is characterized in that, comprises the first pipe, and ties the buoyancy tube on described first pipe outer peripheral face, and described buoyancy tube has closed inner chamber;
Fill up gas in buoyancy tube inner chamber, and the air pressure in described buoyancy tube is not less than atmospheric pressure.
2. marine riser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when described marine riser is positioned in ocean, the air pressure of the geometric center of described buoyancy tube inner chamber is equal with corresponding sea water advanced hydraulic pressure.
3. marine riser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the second pipe be sheathed on outside described first pipe, in the space of buoyancy tube between described first pipe and described second pipe, the outer peripheral face of described second pipe for buoyancy pipe collar being located at the first pipe.
4. marine riser as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the perisporium of described second pipe has through hole, can pass through for seawater.
5. marine riser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described buoyancy tube and described first is managed parallel;
Described buoyancy tube is many and is arranged into row or multiple row, and often row buoyancy tube is around the circumferential array of described first pipe;
Along the radial distribution of described first pipe between multiple row buoyancy tube, mutually circumscribed between adjacent floating solenoid.
6. marine riser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described marine riser has many that arrange vertically, is connected and is connected by jointing between adjacent marine riser.
7. the marine riser as described in any one of claim 3-6, is characterized in that, in described second pipe, the first pipe, buoyancy tube, at least one is glass reinforced plastic pipe.
8. an offshore drilling system, is characterized in that, comprises the marine riser described in any one of claim 1-7, and the floating on water device be connected with described marine riser;
Described floating on water device comprises floating drum and is arranged in the suspension conduit in described floating drum along the axis of described marine riser;
Described floating drum has closed inner chamber;
Described floating drum is stretched out at the axial two ends of described suspension conduit respectively, is connected near one end of described marine riser and is communicated with marine riser.
9. offshore drilling system as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, be provided with slurry cabin in described floating drum, for storing mud, being provided with and being communicated with valve between described slurry cabin with described suspension conduit.
10. offshore drilling system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described floating drum is provided with mud return duct, and one end of described mud return duct is communicated with the first pipe of described marine riser, and the other end stretches out on described sea level through the perisporium of described floating drum.
11. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, described mud return duct is communicated with by slush pump with between described marine riser, and described slush pump is used for the mud in described marine riser to extract out.
12. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described floating drum is provided with ventilating pipe, and one end of described ventilating pipe and described floating drum inner space, the other end is communicated with air.
13. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described suspension conduit is telescopic sleeve pipe, by the distance described in the telescopic adjustment of described suspension conduit between floating drum and described marine riser.
14. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described suspension conduit is provided with the first blowout prevention gate, for controlling the conducting of described suspension conduit or closing.
15. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, also comprise the offshore boring island be exposed on sea level;
Described floating drum is tied on described offshore boring island by rope chain.
16. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, also comprise seabed coupling device;
Described seabed coupling device comprises and connecting vertically and the stationary magazine creel be communicated with and tube connector, and in the junction of described stationary magazine creel and described tube connector, the diameter of described stationary magazine creel is greater than the diameter of described tube connector;
Described stationary magazine creel to be connected near the one end in seabed away from one end and the marine riser of described tube connector and to be communicated with;
Described tube connector is provided with the first scraper away from one end of described stationary magazine creel, and described tube connector can centrally rotate relative to described stationary magazine creel by axle.
17. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 16, is characterized in that, be provided with oil well pipe in described tube connector, described oil well pipe can stretch out described tube connector along the direction away from described stationary magazine creel;
Described oil well pipe is provided with the second scraper away from one end of described stationary magazine creel, and described oil well pipe can centrally rotate relative to described tube connector by axle, and moves along the direction away from described stationary magazine creel relative to described tube connector.
18. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, described oil well pipe can move axially relative to described tube connector, and stretches out described tube connector towards the direction away from described stationary magazine creel.
19. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 16, is characterized in that, described stationary magazine creel is provided with oil pipe tipping mouth, for connected pipes.
20. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 16, is characterized in that, described stationary magazine creel is provided with positioner tipping mouth, for connection locator.
21. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that, described marine riser is provided with the second blowout prevention gate near one end of seabed coupling device, for controlling the conducting of described marine riser or closing.
22. offshore drilling systems as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that, described seabed coupling device also comprises spherojoint, is connected between described stationary magazine creel and described marine riser by spherojoint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420650158.9U CN204225780U (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2014-11-03 | Marine riser, offshore drilling system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420650158.9U CN204225780U (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2014-11-03 | Marine riser, offshore drilling system |
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| CN204225780U true CN204225780U (en) | 2015-03-25 |
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| CN201420650158.9U Expired - Fee Related CN204225780U (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2014-11-03 | Marine riser, offshore drilling system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105625949A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-06-01 | 上海海郑海洋建设工程技术有限公司 | Marine riser and offshore drilling system |
| CN105926599A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-07 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Construction method of marine deep bidirectional mixing pile and positioning device thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-11-03 CN CN201420650158.9U patent/CN204225780U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105625949A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-06-01 | 上海海郑海洋建设工程技术有限公司 | Marine riser and offshore drilling system |
| CN105926599A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-07 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Construction method of marine deep bidirectional mixing pile and positioning device thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20150325 Termination date: 20181103 |