Low voltage failure detector
Technical field
The utility model relates to circuit measuring device manufacturing technology field, relates in particular to a kind of low voltage failure detector.
Background technology
Due to the common power line Ji Yu of the reasons such as aging circuit city illuminating line etc., particularly rural power service circuit often causes the faults such as earth leakage protective device tripping operation, power failure; there is in addition some other leaky; in order to find out fault point; electrician's workload increases day by day. and the considerable operating time is for circuit inspection; sometimes also to take out stitches and separately check; not only waste man-hour; even also, because checking that failsafe point affects normal power supply for the moment, user's work and life can not normally be carried out.
At present, a kind of Multifunctional low-voltage distributing line tester is disclosed in Chinese patent application, the patent No.: 93237807.2, its particular content comprises housing, gauge outfit and range switch are housed on housing, and there is measurement jaw one end of housing, has measurement jack on housing, Multifunctional low-voltage distributing line testing circuit is housed in housing, and gauge outfit adopts the gauge outfit with pointer locking device.Multifunctional low-voltage distributing line testing circuit comprises leakage current detection circuit, ac voltage detection circuit, alternating current testing circuit, resistance detecting circuit, range switch provides the conversion wealthy with gauge outfit of each testing circuit to be connected, after leakage current detection circuit, be connected to an amplifying circuit, DC power supply provides required power supply for foregoing circuit.Said structure has solved the problem that existing structure cannot detect; but above-mentioned detector does not have electrical shock protection function to maintainer; and measuring instrument, test line and electric equipment are not all protected; detect time cannot ensure maintainer's personal safety very easily to occur accident.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned technology; and provide a kind of low voltage failure detector; low-voltage circuit is opened circuit, short circuit, leak current fault can either ensure maintainer's personal safety in detecting, can protect measuring instrument, test line, electric equipment again.
The utility model for achieving the above object, by the following technical solutions: a kind of low voltage failure detector, is characterized in that: comprise load circuit and control circuit,
Wherein, described load circuit comprises major loop relay K M, current transformer TA1, zero sequence current mutual inductor TA2, current transformer TA3, zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4, live wire, zero line, the input of described live wire and zero line is connected with normally opened contact terminal KM1 and the normally opened contact terminal KM2 of described major loop relay K M respectively through input socket, described normally opened contact terminal KM1 connects the first lead-out terminal (1), and described normally opened contact terminal KM2 connects the second lead-out terminal (2); The leading-out terminal of described normally opened contact terminal KM1 is successively through described current transformer TA1, zero sequence current mutual inductor TA2, zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4, the leading-out terminal of described normally opened contact terminal KM2 is successively through zero sequence current mutual inductor TA2, current transformer TA3, zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4, and the output of described live wire and zero line is connected accessory power outlet; The electric wire of four band plugs and test clip for input-output socket, serial connection in the line.
Described control circuit comprises: switching circuit, is connected with the first lead-out terminal (1) and the second lead-out terminal (2), for described control overhead circuit and control circuit work; Voltage, the two aobvious measuring circuits of electric current, be connected with the first lead-out terminal (1) and the second lead-out terminal (2), for gathering the current value of described current transformer TA1 and showing; Leakage current table measuring circuit, for gathering the current value of described zero sequence current mutual inductor TA2 and showing; Current foldback circuit, is connected with the first lead-out terminal (1) and the second lead-out terminal (2), for gathering the electric current of described current transformer TA3 and controlling described switching circuit; Leakage protection circuit, is connected with the first lead-out terminal (1) and the second lead-out terminal (2), for gathering the electric current of described zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4 and controlling described switching circuit.
Preferably, described switching circuit comprises key SB1, stop key SB2, earth leakage protective is carried out relay K 1, overcurrent protection relay K2, one end of normally opened contact terminal one end of described major loop relay K M and described key SB1 normally opened contact is connected on described the first lead-out terminal (1), the normally opened contact terminal other end of described major loop relay K M connects one end of the solenoid of described major loop relay K M, the other end of the solenoid of described major loop relay K M is through stop key SB2, earth leakage protective is carried out relay K 1 normally-closed contact, overcurrent protection relay K2 normally-closed contact is connected on the second lead-out terminal (2).
Preferably, described voltage, the two aobvious measuring circuits of electric current comprise voltmeter and ammeter, the voltage display power supply line of described voltmeter is connected with the first lead-out terminal (1) and the second lead-out terminal (2), and the ammeter electric current line of described ammeter is connected with described current transformer TA1 secondary coil.
Preferably, described leakage current table measuring circuit comprises leakage current table and connected 5V power panel, described 5V power panel is connected with described the first lead-out terminal (1) and the second lead-out terminal (2), and the gauge outfit electric current line of described leakage current table is connected on the secondary coil of described zero sequence current mutual inductor TA2.
Preferably; described current foldback circuit comprises overcurrent protection plate; the power line of described overcurrent protection plate is connected with described the first lead-out terminal (1) and the second lead-out terminal (2); current sample line on described current foldback circuit plate is connected with the secondary coil of described current transformer TA3, and the output of described current foldback circuit plate is carried out electric current line and is connected with the solenoid of described overcurrent protection relay K2.
Preferably, described leakage protection circuit comprises earth leakage protective plate, experiment switch S B3, the power firestreak of described earth leakage protective plate is connected with described the first lead-out terminal (1) by the normally-closed contact of throwing/cut pass SB4, the zero-power line of described leakage protection circuit plate is connected with described the first lead-out terminal (2), the experiment connecting line of described leakage protection circuit plate is connected with the normally opened contact two ends of experiment switch S B3, the execution electric current output line of described leakage protection circuit plate is connected with the solenoid that earth leakage protective is carried out relay K 1, the zero-sequence current sample line of described leakage protection circuit plate is connected with the secondary coil of described zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4.
Preferably, also comprise overvoltage crowbar, comprise piezo-resistance, described piezo-resistance is connected across on the normally opened contact terminal KM1 and normally opened contact terminal KM2 of described major loop relay K M.
Preferably, on the input of described live wire and zero line, be separately installed with protective tube FU1 and protective tube FU2.
Preferably, the output of described zero line is connected with short circuit/normally detect change over switch K, and the two ends of described short circuit/normally detect change over switch K are parallel with short-circuit test current-limiting resistance R.In the time detecting the circuit of short trouble, because short circuit current is very large, circuit and equipment are caused to damage, detection cannot be carried out, live wire seals in current-limiting resistance R test line is played a protective role, R=49 ohm, and test line instrument in the time of short trouble state shows that current value is about 0.45A; The effect of K is: in the time measuring short trouble, cut off circuit R is connected in circuit, short circuit current limitation resistance R in the time opening circuit and leak electricity measurement, makes circuit straight-through.
Preferably, described input socket and accessory power outlet adopt lotus flower socket.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model can open circuit to 220V low-voltage circuit, short circuit, leak current fault detect, failure judgement point.Detector also has creepage protection function, if circuit-under-test has leaky, earth leakage protective zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4 has detected that zero-sequence current exists, earth leakage protective plate output voltage, relay K 1 adhesive, normally-closed contact disconnects, and KM dead electricity disconnects, instrument quits work, and maintainer is carried out to electrical shock protection; Overvoltage, overcurrent protection function, in the time that overcurrent protection instrument transformer TA3 detects that test line exceedes current setting value (provisional value 4.5A), overcurrent protection plate output voltage K2 obtains electric adhesive, and the normally closed electric shock of K2 disconnects, and KM dead electricity disconnects, and instrument quits work; Piezo-resistance 681KD20 in parallel in circuit, in the time that voltage exceedes piezo-resistance definite value, 681KD20 resistance will reduce moment, 10A insurance FU fusing, instrument dead electricity quits work.The features such as measuring instrument, test line, electric equipment are protected, and multifunctional low-voltage fault locator has compact conformation, easy to carry, and function is many, and numerical value is directly perceived, dependable performance, and defencive function is complete.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model load circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the utility model control circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the utility model control circuit electrical principle block diagram
Fig. 4 is current foldback circuit figure and leakage protection circuit figure.
Embodiment
Describe embodiment of the present utility model in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment.As shown in Figure 1, a kind of low voltage failure detector, is characterized in that: comprise load circuit and control circuit,
Wherein, as shown in Figure 1, described load circuit comprises major loop relay K M, current transformer TA1, zero sequence current mutual inductor TA2, current transformer TA3, zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4, live wire, zero line, the input of described live wire and zero line is (black through two lotus flower sockets, red) be connected to protective tube FU1, FU2, protective tube FU1 outlet is connected to the normally opened contact terminal KM1 of major loop relay K M, the normally opened contact terminal KM2 that protective tube FU2 outlet is connected to major loop relay K M connects, piezo-resistance 681KD20 be connected across KM1 on KM2 input terminal, play over-voltage protecting function, piezo-resistance 681KD20 in parallel in circuit, in the time that voltage exceedes piezo-resistance definite value, 681KD20 resistance will reduce moment, 10A insurance FU fusing, instrument dead electricity quits work.Described normally opened contact terminal KM1 connects the first lead-out terminal (1), and described normally opened contact terminal KM2 connects the second lead-out terminal (2), the outlet of normally opened contact terminal KM1 leading-out terminal is through current transformer TA1, TA1 passes line and the outlet of normally opened contact terminal KM2 leading-out terminal jointly through the sampling zero sequence current mutual inductor TA2 of leakage current table, zero line is again through overcurrent protection sampling current transformer TA3, zero line and live wire are more jointly through earth leakage protective zero-sequence transformer TA4, zero line connects output lotus flower socket (black), live wire connects short circuit/normally detect change over switch K inlet wire, change over switch K outlet is connected to lead-out terminal lotus flower socket (redness), short-circuit test current-limiting resistance R socket is connected across entering of short circuit/normal sense switch K, outlet two ends.Change over switch K and resistance R are connected on live wire separately, (K and R parallel connection).
As shown in Figure 3, described control circuit comprises: switching circuit; Voltage, the two aobvious measuring circuits of electric current; Leakage current table measuring circuit; Current foldback circuit; Leakage protection circuit.
As shown in Figure 2, 1, described switching circuit comprises key SB1, stop key SB2, earth leakage protective is carried out relay K 1, overcurrent protection relay K2, one end of normally opened contact terminal one end of described major loop relay K M and described key SB1 normally opened contact is connected on described the first lead-out terminal (1), the normally opened contact terminal other end of described major loop relay K M connects one end of the solenoid of described major loop relay K M, the other end of the solenoid of described major loop relay K M is through stop key SB2, earth leakage protective is carried out relay K 1 normally-closed contact, overcurrent protection relay K2 normally-closed contact is connected on the second lead-out terminal (2).Earth leakage protective is carried out the solenoid of relay K 1 and the execution electric current output line of earth leakage protective plate is connected; that is to say that the folding of earth leakage protective execution relay K 1 is subject to the control of earth leakage protective plate; the solenoid of overcurrent protection relay K2 is connected with the execution electric current output line of overcurrent protection plate, and overcurrent protection relay K2 is subject to the control of overcurrent protection plate.
2, described voltage, the two aobvious measuring circuits of electric current comprise voltmeter and ammeter, the voltage display power supply line of described voltmeter is connected with the first lead-out terminal (1) and the second lead-out terminal (2), and the ammeter electric current line of described ammeter is connected with described current transformer TA1 secondary coil.
3, described leakage current table measuring circuit comprises leakage current table and connected 5V power panel, described 5V power panel is connected with described the first lead-out terminal (1) and the second lead-out terminal (2), and the gauge outfit electric current line of described leakage current table is connected on the secondary coil of described zero sequence current mutual inductor TA2.TA2 measures leakage current table and uses, and TA4 is earth leakage protective sampling use, can not share, so use respectively two because parameter is different.
4, current foldback circuit and leakage protection circuit parameter are shown in accompanying drawing 4; described current foldback circuit comprises overcurrent protection plate; the power line of described overcurrent protection plate is connected with described the first lead-out terminal (1) and the second lead-out terminal (2); current sample line on described current foldback circuit plate is connected with the secondary coil of described current transformer TA3, and the output of described current foldback circuit plate is carried out electric current line and is connected with the solenoid of described overcurrent protection relay K2.In the time that overcurrent protection instrument transformer TA3 detects that test line exceedes current setting value (overcurrent protection value is adjustable, provisional value 4.5A), overcurrent protection plate output voltage K2 obtains electric adhesive, and the normally closed electric shock of K2 disconnects, and KM dead electricity disconnects, and instrument quits work.
5, described leakage protection circuit comprises earth leakage protective plate, experiment switch S B3, the power firestreak of described earth leakage protective plate is connected with described the first lead-out terminal (1) by the normally-closed contact of throwing/cut pass SB4, the zero-power line of described leakage protection circuit plate is connected with described the first lead-out terminal (2), the experiment connecting line of described leakage protection circuit plate is connected with the normally opened contact two ends of experiment switch S B3, the execution electric current output line of described leakage protection circuit plate is connected with the solenoid that earth leakage protective is carried out relay K 1, the zero-sequence current sample line of described leakage protection circuit plate is connected with the secondary coil of described zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4.Instrument is in the time of opening, if circuit-under-test has leaky, earth leakage protective zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4 has detected that zero-sequence current exists, earth leakage protective plate output voltage, and relay K 1 adhesive, normally-closed contact disconnects, and KM dead electricity disconnects, and instrument quits work.
The utility model can open circuit to 220V low-voltage circuit, short circuit, leak current fault detect, failure judgement point.Detector also has creepage protection function, if circuit-under-test has leaky, earth leakage protective zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4 has detected that zero-sequence current exists, earth leakage protective plate output voltage, relay K 1 adhesive, normally-closed contact disconnects, and KM dead electricity disconnects, instrument quits work, and maintainer is carried out to electrical shock protection; Overvoltage, overcurrent protection function, in the time that overcurrent protection instrument transformer TA3 detects that test line exceedes current setting value (provisional value 4.5A), overcurrent protection plate output voltage K2 obtains electric adhesive, and the normally closed electric shock of K2 disconnects, and KM dead electricity disconnects, and instrument quits work; Piezo-resistance 681KD20 in parallel in circuit, in the time that voltage exceedes piezo-resistance definite value, 681KD20 resistance will reduce moment, 10A insurance FU fusing, instrument dead electricity quits work.The features such as measuring instrument, test line, electric equipment are protected, and multifunctional low-voltage fault locator has compact conformation, easy to carry, and function is many, and numerical value is directly perceived, dependable performance, and defencive function is complete.
Operation principle: 1, open circuit fault detects: test chart penholder is entered in output socket hole, contact test line with test pencil, instrument shows voltage value, in order to looking up the fault point.2, short trouble detects: first short-circuit detecting switch is pressed to the position in short-circuit detecting, connect current-limiting apparatus, all electric equipments on closing fault circuit, this detector is connected across to faulty line circuit breaker both sides, press key SB1, KM passes through K2, K1, the normally-closed contact of SB2 obtains electric adhesive, KM normally opened contact closure, while decontroling SB1, KM is due to the normally opened contact closure of self, be maintained attracting state, instrument is started working, now instrument will show the voltage of test line, current value is (due to the effect of 49 Ω current-limiting resistances, electric current is shown as 0.45A), measure current method looking up the fault point by segmentation exclusive method or with pincerlike meter, in the time that fault is got rid of completely, show electric current 0.00A.3, leak current fault detects: instrument is connected across to faulty line circuit breaker both sides; open instrument; at this moment leakage current table will show faulty line electrical leakage; as because of electrical leakage excessive; creepage protection function action, instrument cisco unity malfunction, now should exit defencive function (while exiting creepage protection function by earth leakage protective ESC Escape; maintainer should pay close attention to, and is strictly on guard against electric shock accidents).With segmentation exclusive method failure judgement point.4, creepage protection function: instrument is in the time of opening, if circuit-under-test has leaky, earth leakage protective zero sequence current mutual inductor TA4 has detected that zero-sequence current exists; earth leakage protective plate output voltage, relay K 1 adhesive, normally-closed contact disconnects; KM dead electricity disconnects, and instrument quits work.5 overcurrent protection functions: in the time that overcurrent protection instrument transformer TA3 detects that test line exceedes current setting value (provisional value 4.5A), overcurrent protection plate output voltage K2 obtains electric adhesive, the normally closed electric shock of K2 disconnects, and KM dead electricity disconnects, and instrument quits work.6, over-voltage protection function: piezo-resistance 681KD20 in parallel in circuit, in the time that voltage exceedes piezo-resistance definite value, 681KD20 resistance will reduce moment, 10A insurance FU fusing, instrument dead electricity quits work.7, earth leakage protective test: press leak(age) test button, instrument stoppage protection is normal.8, shut down: press stop botton SB2, the normally closed electric shock of SB2 disconnects KM dead electricity and shuts down.
The above is only preferred implementation of the present utility model; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of the utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection model of the present utility model
Wall.