CN203942352U

CN203942352U - A kind of IPM synchronous motor for turning class electricity main shaft

Info

Publication number: CN203942352U
Application number: CN201420290767.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨凯; 潘志城
Original assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2014-06-03
Filing date: 2014-06-03
Publication date: 2014-11-12
Anticipated expiration: 2024-06-03

Abstract

The utility model discloses an embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor for turning electric spindles, which comprises a rotating shaft, a front bearing, a front end cover, a rear bearing, a rear end cover, a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor is a segmented oblique Pole structure, including a plurality of rotor cores distributed axially at intervals, multi-pole magnetic poles arranged along the circumference of the rotor core, each pole is arranged in a V-shaped structure and embedded in the corresponding permanent magnet slot; each pole is connected to the rotor A plurality of magnet through-holes are arranged correspondingly between the outer circumferences of the iron cores; the stator includes cooling channel slots on the outer wall of the stator, a stator iron core with a plurality of stator teeth, and stator slots formed between adjacent stator teeth. The embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor of the utility model not only has the advantages of high torque density, high power density and fast response, but also has the advantages of small air gap magnetic field harmonics, high back EMF sine degree and small torque fluctuation, and also has the advantages of With the characteristics of wide speed ratio, it is suitable for turning electric spindle system for high-end CNC machine tools.

Description

A kind of IPM synchronous motor for turning class electricity main shaft

Technical field

The utility model relates to technical field of motors, is specifically related to a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor for turning class electricity main shaft.

Background technology

Turning class electric spindle motor is mainly used in turning class Digit Control Machine Tool.Turning processing is that main motion is done in workpiece rotation, and lathe tool is made the cutting working method of feed motion.Modern turning processing is high to requirement on machining accuracy, and this requires the control precision of electric spindle motor high, motor oscillating is little, torque pulsation is low, speed-regulating range width.

Existing turning class electric spindle motor is mainly divided into two kinds, is respectively asynchronous spindle motor and Permanent Magnet and Electric spindle motor.

In the prior art, asynchronous spindle motor rotor can produce loss, and electric efficiency is low, and rotor heating is serious, shortens bearing life, finally causes electrical machinery life to shorten.The power factor of asynchronous spindle motor is lower, and drive unit capacity is large, and cost is very high.Asynchronous main shaft torque density, power density are low, and motor volume weight is larger, are unfavorable for starting fast and standard is stopped, motor low-response.Asynchronous spindle motor torque pulsation is large, and motor speed fluctuation is large, and operation conditions smoothness is low.Asynchronous spindle motor control complexity, is not easy to realize high accuracy control.

In prior art for the permagnetic synchronous motor of electric main shaft, generally be designed to " one " type magnet structure, the salient pole of this type of motor is than little, reluctance torque is little, torque density is lower, and motor volume is large, and moment of inertia is large, when operation, response speed is slow, is not suitable for being applied to the turning class electricity main shaft that requires rapid starting/stopping, rotating speed to change fast; And the salient pole of this type of motor is than little, and electric machine speed regulation, than little, is difficult to realize high-speed cruising.

Utility model content

For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the utility model provides a kind of IPM synchronous motor for turning class electricity main shaft, both there is high torque density, high power density, advantage that response is fast, also have advantages of that Gas-gap Magnetic Field Resonance Wave is little, sine degree of back electromotive force is high and torque ripple is little, also there is the feature of speed-regulating range width, rapid heat dissipation, be particularly useful for high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools turning class electric chief axis system.

For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of IPM synchronous motor for turning class electricity main shaft, this motor comprises: the motor housing that is jointly made up of rotating shaft, fore bearing, front end housing, rear bearing, rear end cap and casing, be fixed on the stator of casing inner wall and be sheathed in rotating shaft and with stator relative spacing rotor is set, wherein

Described rotor is the oblique electrode structure of segmented, comprise 3 rotor cores that distribute along rotating shaft axially spaced-apart, and the last rotor core that each rotor core is adjacent is rotated in the direction of the clock 3 ° of mechanical angles and is arranged, each rotor core center is provided with the axis hole that allows rotating shaft to run through, away from axis hole outside and along the circumferentially even interval of rotor core, multi-magnetic-pole is set, every grade of a pair of rectangular structure of the each freedom of magnetic pole and the permanent magnet being embedded in permanent magnet trough form, and every a pair of permanent magnet formation subtended angle is the V-structure of 150 degree mechanical angles and outward opening; In addition, also corresponding between every utmost point magnetic pole and rotor core excircle multiple magnet through holes are set, each magnet through hole is all along being circumferentially spaced;

Described stator comprises stator core, is formed with multiple cooling pipe grooves on the outer wall of this stator core, and these cooling pipe grooves are rectangular spiral groove for embedding cooling copper tube; On the inwall of stator core, possess multiple stator tooths along its circumferential array, two circular arc auxiliary tanks are set on the curved end of each stator tooth; The stator slot that adjacent stators between cog forms; Three phase windings are embedded in stator slot, for induced potential, generation electromagnetic torque, to realize power conversion.

As further preferably, the magnetizing direction of described permanent magnet is parallel magnetization.

As further preferably, the radius of described magnet through hole is 3～4mm, and adjacent two magnet through hole distance of center circle are from being 9～12mm.

Can adjust according to actual needs position and the size of magnet through hole, reach the salient pole rate of adjusting motor, increase the object of speed adjustable range.

As further preferably, the radius of described circular arc auxiliary tank is 4.8～5.2mm, and circular arc auxiliary tank radial centre lines and stator tooth curved end radial centre lines are 2.8 degree～3.2 degree mechanical angles.

As further preferably, the described IPM synchronous motor for turning class electricity main shaft is 6 utmost point 27 groove structures.

As further preferably, corresponding between described every utmost point magnetic pole and rotor core excircle 3 magnet through holes are set.

As further preferably, described three phase windings are that fractional slot winding distributes, and pitch number is 4.

In general, compared with prior art, the obtained beneficial effect of the utility model is as follows for the above technical scheme of conceiving by the utility model:

(1) rotor adopts the oblique electrode structure of segmented, each rotor core is spaced, and has reduced the Gas-gap Magnetic Field Resonance Wave of motor, increases the sinusoidal degree in motor gas-gap magnetic field, further weaken the torque ripple of motor, improved the machining accuracy of turning class Digit Control Machine Tool;

(2) rotor magnetic pole adopts embedded v-shaped structure, has improved torque density, power density and the efficiency of motor, has increased the speed ratio of motor;

(3) by adopting the magnet through-hole structure of rotor core, the salient pole rate of capable of regulating motor on the one hand, increase the speed adjustable range of motor, meet the requirement of turning class Permanent Magnet and Electric spindle motor speed-regulating range width and high-speed cruising operating mode, on the other hand for rotor provides ventilating opening, accelerate rotor core and permanent magnet heat radiation, reduce the risk of the overheated and bearing running hot of rotor, improve the ability of the anti-irreversible demagnetization of permanent magnet, the life-span of having improved electric chief axis system;

(4) by water cooling pipeline groove is set on stator outer wall, increase on the one hand the film-cooled heat contacting with stator core, cooling copper tube is embedded in water cooling pipeline groove on the other hand, current circulate in cooling copper tube, take away stator heat; And simple in structure, processing is simple and cost is low, when improving motor torque density and power density, has accelerated the heat radiation of motor, has improved the life-span of motor;

(5) stator tooth end face adopts two circular arc auxiliary tank structures, when improving motor torque density, weaken the cogging torque of motor, reduce the Gas-gap Magnetic Field Resonance Wave of motor, improve the sinusoidal degree of air-gap field and back-emf, reduce torque ripple and the fluctuation of speed of motor, improved the machining accuracy of turning class Digit Control Machine Tool.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is rotor structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is rotor core cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is stator structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is stator core structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is water cooling pipeline groove structural representation of the present utility model.

In institute's drawings attached, identical Reference numeral is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein: 1-cutter interface, 2-rotating shaft, 3-fore bearing, 4-front end housing, 5-tri-phase windings, 6-stator, 7-cooling pipe groove, 8-casing, 9-rotor, 10-rear end cap, 11-rear bearing, 12-photoelectric encoder, 13-permanent magnet, 14-permanent magnet trough, 15-circular arc auxiliary tank, 16-magnet through hole, 17-rear end cap hollow hole, 18-rotor core, 19-stator tooth, 20-stator yoke portion, 21-insulating barrier, 22-stator slot, 23-axis hole

Embodiment

In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.In addition,, in each execution mode of described the utility model, involved technical characterictic just can combine mutually as long as do not form each other conflict.

As shown in Figure 1, IPM synchronous motor for turning class electricity main shaft comprises: cutter interface 1, rotating shaft 2, fore bearing 3, front end housing 4, rear bearing 11, rear end cap 10, photoelectric encoder 12, rotor 9, stator 6, wherein, cutter interface 1 is positioned at rotating shaft 2 foremost, for connecting the cutter of turning class Digit Control Machine Tool; Front end housing 4 is arranged on the front end of rotating shaft 2 by fore bearing 3, rear end cap 10 is arranged on the rear end of rotating shaft 2 by rear bearing 11, and front end housing 4 and rear end cap 10 be connected with the front and back ends of casing 8 respectively, jointly forms the shell of motor; Photoelectric encoder 12 is fixed between rear end cap 10 and rear bearing 11, and stator 6 is fixed on casing 8 inwalls, rotor 9 be sheathed in rotating shaft 2 and with stator 6 relative spacing settings.

As shown in Figure 2, the rotor 9 that is used for the IPM synchronous motor of turning class electricity main shaft is the oblique electrode structure of segmented, comprise 3 rotor cores that distribute along rotating shaft axially spaced-apart, and the last rotor core that each rotor core is adjacent is rotated in the direction of the clock 3 ° of mechanical angles and is arranged, each rotor core center is provided with the axis hole 2 that allows rotating shaft to run through, away from axis hole 2 outsides and along the circumferentially even interval of rotor core, multi-magnetic-pole 13 is set, wherein, the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet 13 is parallel magnetization, every grade of a pair of rectangular structure of the each freedom of magnetic pole and the permanent magnet 13 being embedded in permanent magnet trough 14 form, and every a pair of permanent magnet 13 forms the V-structure that subtended angle is 150 degree mechanical angles and outward opening, in addition, corresponding between every utmost point magnetic pole and rotor core 18 excircles multiple magnet through holes 16 are set, each magnet through hole is all circumferentially spaced along rotor core 18, the radius of magnet through hole is 3～4mm, adjacent two magnet through hole distance of center circle are from being 9～12mm, can adjust according to actual needs position and the size of magnet through hole, reach the salient pole rate of adjusting motor, increase the object of speed adjustable range.

As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, have 6 utmost point magnetic poles, every utmost point magnetic pole is made up of a pair of permanent magnet 13, and every a pair of permanent magnet 13 forms the V-structure that subtended angle is 150 degree mechanical angles and outward opening, in addition, corresponding between every utmost point magnetic pole and rotor core excircle 3 magnet through holes are set.

As shown in Figure 4, stator 6 comprises stator core, is formed with multiple cooling pipe grooves 7 on the outer wall of this stator core, and these cooling pipe grooves are rectangular spiral groove for embedding cooling copper tube; On the inwall of stator core, possess multiple stator tooths 19 along its circumferential array, two circular arc auxiliary tanks 15 are set on the curved end of each stator tooth 19; 19 formation stator slots 22 of adjacent stators tooth, for embedding three phase windings 5, wherein, stator slot 22 is preferably 27, forms 27 groove structures.

As shown in Figure 5, stator tooth 19 is positioned at stator inner wall and along its circumferential array, two circular arc auxiliary tanks 15 is set on the curved end of each stator tooth 19; The radius of circular arc auxiliary tank is 4.8～5.2mm, and circular arc auxiliary tank radial centre lines and stator tooth curved end radial centre lines are 2.8 °～3.2 ° mechanical angles; Three phase windings 5 are embedded in stator slot, for induced potential, generation electromagnetic torque, to realize power conversion; The cooling copper tube and the rear end cap hollow hole 17 of three phase winding 5 leading-out terminals from rear end cap 10 that are embedded in cooling pipe 7 pick out, and three phase winding 5 leading-out terminals are connected with electric machine controller.

As shown in Figure 6, cooling pipe groove 7 is rectangular spiral groove, and cooling copper tube is embedded in cooling pipe groove, and current circulate in cooling copper tube, take away stator heat.

Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any amendments of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection range of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor for turning electric spindles, the motor includes: a rotating shaft (2), a front bearing (3), a front end cover (4), a rear bearing (11), and a rear end cover (10) and the casing (8) together constitute the motor casing, the stator (6) fixed on the inner wall of the casing (8), and the rotor (9) sleeved on the rotating shaft (2) and relatively spaced from the stator (6). , characterized in that,

The rotor (9) is a segmented inclined pole structure, including a plurality of rotor cores distributed along the axis of the rotating shaft at intervals, and each rotor core (18) rotates clockwise with its adjacent previous rotor core (18) Arranged at a mechanical angle of 3°, the center of each rotor core is provided with a shaft hole (23) that allows the shaft to pass through, away from the outside of the shaft hole (23) and evenly spaced along the circumference of the rotor core to set multi-pole magnetic poles, each level of magnetic poles is provided by a It consists of a cuboid structure and a permanent magnet (13) embedded in a permanent magnet slot (14), and each pair of permanent magnets forms a V-shaped structure with an opening angle of 150 degrees of mechanical angle and an outward opening; in addition, in each pole magnetic pole There are also a plurality of magnet through holes (16) correspondingly arranged between the outer circumference of the rotor core (18), and each magnet through hole is arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction;

The stator (6) includes a stator core, and a plurality of cooling pipeline grooves (7) are formed on the outer wall of the stator core, and these cooling pipeline grooves are rectangular spiral grooves and are used to embed cooling copper pipes; It has a plurality of stator teeth (19) arranged along its circumference, and two arc auxiliary slots (15) are arranged on the arc-shaped end surface of each stator tooth (19); stator slots (15) are formed between adjacent stator teeth (19). 22), for embedding the three-phase winding (5). the

2. The built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor for turning electric spindles according to claim 1, wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets is parallel magnetization. the

3. The built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor for turning electric spindle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the radius of the magnet through hole is 3-4 mm, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent magnet through holes is It is 9 ~ 12mm. the

4. The built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor for turning electric spindles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the radius of the arc auxiliary groove is 4.8-5.2mm, and the diameter of the arc auxiliary groove is There is a mechanical angle of 2.8 degrees to 3.2 degrees between the centerline and the radial centerline of the arc-shaped end face of the stator teeth. the

5. The built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor for turning electric spindles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor for turning electric spindles is 6 poles 27 Groove structure. the

6. The built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor for turning electric spindles according to claim 1 or 2, wherein three magnet through holes are correspondingly provided between the magnetic poles of each pole and the outer circumference of the rotor core. the

7. The embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor for turning electric spindles according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, the three-phase winding (5) is a fractional slot distributed winding, and the number of pitches is for 4. the