CN203876574U - Power system assembly of two-gear electric car - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power system assembly of a two-speed electric vehicle. Including electric motor, single-row planetary gear train, synchronizer, single-stage final reducer, differential, electromagnetic brake and housing; the stator of the motor is fixed in the housing, and the rotor is connected to one side of the rotor shaft; the rotor shaft The other side is set through the housing through bearings; the single-row planetary gear train includes a sun gear, a planet carrier and more than two planetary gears; the single-stage final reducer includes a main reduction gear and a main reduction The bull gear; the synchronizer includes a synchronous locking ring for the first gear, a synchronous locking ring for the second gear, an engaging sleeve and an engaging sleeve seat. The utility model adopts the structural integration design technology, and realizes the highly integrated design and application of the motor, transmission and differential. The integration and integration of the electric drive system is more obvious. The volume and mass of the electric drive system assembly are effectively reduced, making installation more convenient. And the use of two-speed transmission improves the efficiency and torque of the motor.

Description

A power system assembly of a two-speed electric vehicle

technical field

The utility model belongs to the electric drive technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a power system assembly of a two-speed electric vehicle.

Background technique

In recent years, my country's electric vehicles have made great progress. At present, in order to meet the loading requirements of the motor in the electric vehicles on the market, most manufacturers assemble the motor and the transmission on the body in the form of two independent parts. It is realized by matching the splines in the input shaft. But this will not only increase the mechanical noise and vibration, but also the motor front cover and the transmission housing are independent structures, which will inevitably affect the layout of the vehicle space. Moreover, most of the electric vehicles currently on the market use a fixed speed ratio reducer, which will make the traction motor not only provide a higher instantaneous torque in the constant torque area, but also provide a higher operating speed in the constant power area. speed. At the same time, there is a problem of low working efficiency of the motor.

Utility model content

In order to improve the working efficiency of the motor and increase the mileage of the vehicle, the utility model provides a power system assembly of a two-speed electric vehicle.

A power system assembly of a two-speed electric vehicle includes an electric motor, a single-row planetary gear train, a synchronizer, a single-stage final reducer, a differential 19, an electromagnetic brake 17, and a housing 3; the stator 1 of the motor is fixed on the housing 3, the rotor 2 is connected to one side of the rotor shaft 4. The other side of the rotor shaft 4 is installed on the other side of the housing 3 through a bearing; the middle part of the rotor shaft 4 is provided with a central gear 6 , and at the same time, a meshing sleeve 14 on the synchronizer is fixed; The housing 3 corresponding to the central gear 6 is fixed with an inner ring gear 8; the other side of the rotor shaft 4 is provided with a planetary carrier 9, and one side of the planetary carrier 9 is provided with more than two planetary gears 7. The other side of the frame 9 is in the shape of a tube shaft, on which the main reduction gear 16 is fixed; the stator of the electromagnetic brake 17 is fixed on the housing 3, and the brake armature of the electromagnetic brake 17 is connected with the planet carrier 9; The two or more planetary gears 7 are externally meshed with the sun gear 6 and internally meshed with the ring gear 8 to form a single-row planetary gear train;

The synchronizer includes a first gear synchro lock ring 10, a second gear synchro lock ring 15, an engaging sleeve 13 and an engaging sleeve seat 14; the engaging sleeve 14 is fixedly arranged on the rotor shaft 4, and the first gear synchro lock ring 10 It is fixed on the central gear 6, and the second gear synchronous lock ring 15 is fixed on the planet carrier 9, and the gear shift dial 12 is arranged on the meshing sleeve 13; the shift dial 12 and the planet carrier 9 penetrate each other, and the shift The dial 12 rotates with the planet carrier 9, but the shift dial 12 can move left and right on the planet carrier 9; the circumference of the shift dial 12 is provided with a shift fork 11;

The main reduction gear 16 and the main reduction gear 18 mesh to form a single-stage final reduction gear; the main reduction gear 18 is connected to the flange on the differential 19 housing, and the differential 19 housing Set on the housing 3 through bearings.

The shift dial 12 includes an inner ring and an outer ring, and the inner ring and the outer ring are connected by evenly distributed ribs; the planet carrier 9 corresponding to the ribs is provided with a waist-shaped groove, And the ribs are located in the waist-shaped groove, so that the inner ring is positioned at the inner side of the planet carrier 9, and the outer ring is positioned at the outside of the planet carrier 9. Move left and right.

The shift fork 11 is in the shape of a semi-circular ring, groove-shaped blocks are respectively provided at both ends of the semi-circular ring, and the blocks at both ends are buckled on the outer ring of the shift dial 12 .

The beneficial effects of the utility model are embodied in the following aspects:

1. The utility model designs the electric vehicle drive motor and the transmission as a whole, which effectively reduces the complexity and area of the casing 3, and reduces the axial and radial dimensions of the powertrain;

2. In the utility model, the central gear 6 and the main reducing gear 16 are directly arranged on the rotor shaft 4 of the driving motor, which avoids the coaxiality tolerance caused by the matching installation of the output shaft of the motor and the input shaft of the transmission, and eliminates the resulting The incoming mechanical vibration reduces the mechanical connection and noise;

3. The electric vehicle power system assembly adopts two-speed transmission. The first gear is to output power through the main reducer after being decelerated by the planetary gear train composed of the sun gear 6, the planetary gear 7 and the inner ring gear 8, and the second gear is through the main reducer. Directly output power, compared with the current electric vehicles, the drive motor can work in the high-efficiency zone for a long time, increasing the mileage of the vehicle;

4. The present invention adopts a two-speed two-shaft speed change scheme, and connects the main reduction gear 16 to one end of the planetary carrier 9, so that the two gears share one main speed reducer. The structure layout is simple, and the driven gear shaft is removed, reducing The radial size of the assembly is improved, the structure is compact, the volume is small, and the weight is small, which is in line with the principle of lightweight automobile;

5. The present invention has the parking lock mechanism of the electromagnetic brake 17 to realize the brake parking of the transmission and the whole vehicle, and the electromagnetic brake 17 has the characteristics of power-on separation and power-off braking. When the automobile is running normally, the electromagnetic brake 17 is energized and is in a disengaged state, and the speed changer is working normally; Speed 19 is braked, can avoid unnecessary sliding of vehicle, when going up and down slope and the road condition of frequent start and stop, improve the parking safety of whole vehicle.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the power system assembly of a two-speed electric vehicle.

Figure 2 is a partial view of the shift dial and the planet carrier.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the shift dial and the planetary carrier.

Serial numbers in the above picture: stator 1, rotor 2, housing 3, rotor shaft 4, central gear 6, planetary gear 7, inner ring gear 8, planetary carrier 9 (9 in Figure 2 is only a part of the planetary carrier), first gear Synchronous lock ring 10, shift fork 11, shift dial 12, meshing sleeve 13, meshing sleeve seat 14, second gear synchronous lock ring 15, main reduction gear 16, electromagnetic brake 17, main reduction gear 18, differential 19. Wheels 20.

Detailed ways

A power system assembly of an electric vehicle of the present invention will be further described through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example

Referring to FIG. 1 , a power system assembly of a two-speed electric vehicle includes an electric motor, a single-row planetary gear train, a synchronizer, a single-stage final drive, a differential 19 , an electromagnetic brake 17 and a housing 3 .

The stator 1 of the motor is fixedly installed in one side of the housing 3 , and the rotor 2 is connected to one side of the rotor shaft 4 . The other side of the rotor shaft 4 is installed through the bearing on the other side of the housing 3; the middle part of the rotor shaft 4 is provided with a central gear 6, and the meshing sleeve 14 on the synchronizer is fixedly installed. An inner ring gear 8 is fixedly mounted on the housing 3 corresponding to the central gear 6 . The other side of the rotor shaft 4 is provided with a planetary carrier 9, and one side of the planetary carrier 9 is equipped with three planetary gears 7, and the other side of the planetary carrier 9 is in the shape of a tube shaft, and the main reduction gear 16 is fixedly installed on it. The stator of the electromagnetic brake 17 is fixed on the housing 3, and the brake armature of the electromagnetic brake 17 is connected with the planet carrier 9. More than two planetary gears 7 are externally meshed with the sun gear 6 and internally meshed with the ring gear 8 to form a single-row planetary gear train.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the synchronizer includes a first gear synchro lock ring 10 , a second gear synchro lock ring 15 , an engaging sleeve 13 and an engaging sleeve seat 14 . The first-speed synchronous lock ring 10 is fixedly installed on the central gear 6, the second-speed synchronous lock ring 15 is fixedly installed on the planet carrier 9, and the gear shift dial 12 is arranged on the meshing sleeve 13; the shift dial 12 and the planet carrier 9 are mutually Through, the shift dial 12 rotates with the planet carrier 9, the shift dial 12 includes an inner ring and an outer ring, and the inner ring and the outer ring are connected by evenly distributed ribs; the planets corresponding to the ribs There is a waist-shaped groove on the frame 9, and the ribs are located in the waist-shaped groove, so that the inner ring is located on the inner side of the planet carrier 9, and the outer ring is located on the outside of the planet carrier 9. The function of the waist-shaped groove is to make the shift dial The disk 12 moves left and right relative to the planetary carrier 9 . A shift fork 11 is arranged on the circumference of the shift dial 12, and the shift fork 11 is in the shape of a semi-circle, and groove-shaped blocks are respectively provided at both ends of the semi-circle, and the blocks at both ends are buckled on the shift dial 12. on the outer ring.

The main reduction gear 16 and the main reduction gear 18 mesh to form a single-stage final reduction gear; the main reduction gear 18 is connected to the flange on the differential 19 housing, and the differential 19 housing is arranged on the on the housing 3.

The working principle of the utility model is described as follows:

Taking the actual development of a certain type of pure electric vehicle as an example, the number of gears is 2, the reduction ratio of the planetary gear transmission set is 2.84, and the main reduction ratio is 4. According to the gear calculation method, the number of teeth of each gear is calculated as shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Gear teeth table

As shown in Fig. 1, an electric vehicle power system assembly uses the following shift actuator synchronizer and electromagnetic brake.

The actuators of each gear are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Shift actuator worksheet

Note: "●" in the table means combination, and "○" means separation.

The power transmission routes of the two forward gears and one reverse gear of the electric vehicle power system assembly are as follows:

1. Neutral (N position)

When in neutral, the electromagnetic brake 17 is energized and separated, and the synchronizer sleeve 13 is neither engaged with the first-gear synchrolock ring 10 nor with the second-gear synchrolock ring 15. At this time, the motor cannot transmit power to the wheels, and the vehicle runs by inertia or stand still;

2. Forward gear (D position)

(1) One gear forward (D1 gear)

The electromagnetic brake 17 is energized and separated, and the synchronizer shift fork 11 moves to the first gear synchro lock ring 10, driving the shift dial 12 and the engaging sleeve 13 to move to the right, so that the engaging sleeve 13 engages with the first gear synchro lock ring 10;

The power drives the rotor shaft 4 to rotate through the rotor 2, and then drives the central gear 6 to rotate through the meshing sleeve 14, the meshing sleeve 13, and the first gear synchronous lock ring 10. The inner ring gear 8 on the housing 3 is fixed, and the three planetary gears 7 revolve around the center. The gear 6 revolves, the planetary carrier 9 rotates with the three planetary gears 7, the planetary carrier 9 drives the main reduction gear 16 to rotate through the key connection, the power is transmitted from the main reduction gear 16 to the main reduction large gear 18, and finally through the differential 19 The wheels 20 are rotated to output power. This gear is a medium and low gear, mainly used for medium and low speed driving and climbing;

(2) Forward second gear (D2 gear)

The electromagnetic brake 17 is energized and separated, and the synchronizer shift fork 11 moves to the second-speed synchronous lock ring 15, driving the shift dial 12 and the engaging sleeve 13 to move to the left, so that the engaging sleeve 13 is engaged with the second-speed synchronous lock ring 15;

The power drives the rotor shaft 4 to rotate through the rotor 2, and then drives the planet carrier 9 to rotate through the meshing sleeve 14, the meshing sleeve 13, and the second gear synchronous lock ring 15. The reduction gear 16 is transmitted to the main reduction gear 18 , and finally the wheels 20 are rotated to output power through the differential 19 . This gear is a high-speed gear, mainly used for high-speed driving;

3. Reverse gear (R position)

The utility model is not specially provided with a reverse gear, and the reverse gear is realized through the reverse rotation of the motor. The power transmission route is the same as that of the first forward gear. Since the motor rotor 2 is reversed, the wheels are reversed at last to achieve reverse;

4. Parking (P position)

This parking mechanism adopts the electromagnetic brake 17 with power-on separation and power-off braking characteristics. When the electric vehicle is running on normal road conditions, the electromagnetic brake 17 is always energized, and it is in a disengaged state, and the parking lock mechanism does not work; In the braking state, the parking lock mechanism starts to work. It can replace the function of the handbrake.

Claims (3)

1. a power system assembly for two gear electronlmobils, comprises electrical motor, single planet circular system, synchro, single reduction final drive, diff, magnet stopper (17) and housing (3); The stator of electrical motor (1) is fixed in a side of housing (3), and rotor (2) is connecting a side of rotor shaft (4), it is characterized in that: the opposite side of described rotor shaft (4) runs through the opposite side of being located at housing (3) by bearing; The middle part empty set of described rotor shaft (4) is provided with sun gear (6), is fixed with the engagement block set (14) on synchro simultaneously; On the housing (3) corresponding with sun gear (6), be fixed with internally toothed annulus (8); The opposite side empty set of rotor shaft (4) is provided with pinion carrier (9), and a side of pinion carrier (9) is provided with plural planetary wheel (7), and the opposite side of pinion carrier (9) is tubular axis shape, is fixed with the main gear (16) that reduces on it; It is upper that the stator of described magnet stopper (17) is fixed on housing (3), and the drg armature of described magnet stopper (17) is connected with pinion carrier (9); Described plural planetary wheel (7) and sun gear (6) external toothing, in while and internally toothed annulus (8), engagement forms single planet circular system;

Described synchro comprises the synchronous lock ring of a gear (10), two gear synchronous lock rings (15), engaging sleeve (13) and engagement block set (14); Described engagement block set (14) is fixed on rotor shaft (4), a described synchronous lock ring of gear (10) is fixed on sun gear (6), it is upper that the two synchronous lock rings of gear (15) are fixed at pinion carrier (9), and described engaging sleeve (13) is provided with gearshift driver plate (12); Gearshift driver plate (12) runs through mutually with pinion carrier (9), and gearshift driver plate (12) is with pinion carrier (9) rotation, but gearshift driver plate (12) can be in the upper sway of pinion carrier (9); The circumference of described gearshift driver plate (12) is provided with shift fork (11);

Described master reduces gear (16) and main big gear wheel (18) engagement, the formation single reduction final drive of subtracting; Described master subtracts big gear wheel (18) and is connecting the flange on diff (19) housing, and the housing of diff (19) is located on housing (3) by bearing.

2. the power system assembly of a kind of two gear electronlmobils according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described gearshift driver plate (12) comprises interior annulus and outer toroid, between described interior annulus and outer toroid, by uniform muscle bar, is connected; In the pinion carrier (9) of answering with muscle pole pair, offer kidney slot, and described muscle bar is positioned at kidney slot, make interior annulus be positioned at the inner side of pinion carrier (9), outer toroid is positioned at the outside of pinion carrier (9), and the effect of the kidney slot driver plate (12) that is to make to shift gears is realized sway with respect to pinion carrier (9).

According to claim 2 a kind of two gear electronlmobils power system assembly, it is characterized in that: described shift fork (11) is semi-annular shape, the two ends of semicircular ring are respectively equipped with the fixture block of groove shape, and the fixture block at two ends is buckled in the outer toroid of gearshift driver plate (12).