CN203872681U - Solar greenhouse with whole lighting roof in circular-arch shape - Google Patents
Solar greenhouse with whole lighting roof in circular-arch shape Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203872681U CN203872681U CN201420269778.8U CN201420269778U CN203872681U CN 203872681 U CN203872681 U CN 203872681U CN 201420269778 U CN201420269778 U CN 201420269778U CN 203872681 U CN203872681 U CN 203872681U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lighting roof
- roof
- greenhouse
- roof body
- solar heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn - After Issue
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001424688 Enceliopsis Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009661 flower growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000422 nocturnal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
Landscapes
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to a solar greenhouse with a whole lighting roof in a circular-arch shape. The solar greenhouse is composed of a front lighting roof body, a rear lighting roof body, gables on the two sides and a rear eave wall. The front lighting roof body and the rear lighting roof body are respectively composed of a framework and lighting surface materials laid on the framework. Each framework is formed by arch bars arranged in parallel. The front lighting roof body and the rear lighting roof body are both circular-arch-shaped roof bodies. The solar greenhouse is characterized in that the elevation angle alpha of the front lighting roof body ranges from 35 degrees to 50 degrees; the elevation angle beta of the rear lighting roof body ranges from 16.5 degrees to 31.5 degrees; the number obtained by dividing the bending radius of the front roof body arch bars of the front lighting roof body by the chord length of the front roof body arch bars ranges from 0.8 to 1.2; (4) the number obtained by dividing the bending radius of the rear roof body arch bars of the rear lighting roof body by the chord length of the rear roof body arch bars ranges from 0.85 to 1.25. According to the solar greenhouse, the solar ray incidence rate of the front lighting roof body in winter is high, the temperature inside the solar greenhouse in winter easily rises, and the night heat preservation performance is good; solar energy collected in the daytime in summer is less, and cooling in the solar greenhouse is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to agricultural facility field, particularly a kind of greenhouse by solar heat.
Background technology
Greenhouse by solar heat is generally applied to the north, is applicable to 35～50 ° of areas of north latitude in China.The application of greenhouse by solar heat, makes China's overwhelming majority area can carry out vegetables, the production of flowers and plants whole year, also can be used for livestock and poultry cultivation.In above-mentioned overwhelming majority area, only rely on solar radiation to provide light and heat can realize the production of surviving the winter in greenhouse.
China's greenhouse by solar heat specification is of a great variety at present, and the greenhouse by solar heat normalized form that each place designed, designed is built is multifarious especially, cannot add up.The various kind of greenhouse by solar heat is unfavorable for the standardization foundation of building very much, is more unfavorable for standardization, generalization, the seriation of skeleton processing, and this cannot rationally control the construction cost of greenhouse by solar heat.Main is that most built greenhouse by solar heats are difficult to reach the desired economic benefit of Construction Party and social benefit.Main manifestations is that in Winter Solar Greenhouse, nocturnal temperature is too low, and in Gray in Sunlight Greenhouse in Summer, day temperature is too high again, and the annual four seasons of very difficult realization normally produce.Some greenhouse by solar heat, in order to carry out production operation, increases heating installation and pad and fan cooling system has been installed, and has increased so a large amount of energy consumptions, increases a large amount of production costs, has increased the noxious gas emissions such as carbonic acid gas simultaneously.
We find the height of greenhouse efficiency through years of researches and experiment, and under greenhouse wall body and the roughly the same condition of doors structure, its heat insulation effect is to be determined by its configuration design substantially, is particularly determined by the shape on its roof.And current various greenhouse by solar heats of China, in the shape design on roof, all do not have the effective impact of considering the optimum efficiency that roof shape and lighting angle can obtain greenhouse temperature, this is a shortcoming.
Summary of the invention
The problems referred to above that exist for existing greenhouse by solar heat, the purpose of this utility model is that a kind of winter and summer of invention can both be realized effectively production and the effectively greenhouse by solar heat of cultivation of livestock and poultry of crop.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
Overall lighting roof is a greenhouse by solar heat for circular arc arch, is made up of gable and the rear eaves wall of front lighting roof, rear lighting roof, both sides; Front lighting roof faces south, and rear lighting roof faces north; The skeleton that front lighting roof is made up of the front roof arch bar being arranged in parallel and the daylighting fabric of laying thereon form; Front lighting roof and rear lighting roof join roof highest point is airtight; Front lighting roof is one from roof until the circular arc arch covering on ground, front, and rear lighting roof is downward-sloping flat-top; The thing both sides of front lighting roof and rear lighting roof are provided with gable;
1) angle of elevation alpha of front lighting roof is between 35 °～50 °; 2) after, the elevation angle β of lighting roof is between 16.5 °～31.5 °; 3) chord length of the front roof arch bar bending radius ÷ front roof arch bar of front lighting roof equals 0.8～1.2.
Under rear lighting roof, after cause, eaves wall supports.
The north part of a side gable is made as entity gable therein, on entity gable, is provided with door.
In entity gable, be provided with operation room.
Daylighting fabric on front lighting roof is transparent PC plate or overlay.
Rear lighting roof is printing opacity sheet material.
The printing opacity sheet material of rear lighting roof is PC plate.
Rear lighting roof is sandwich panel.
Light transmissive material---glass, PC plate or plastic foil do body of wall in gable employing.
Entity gable and rear eaves wall are by construction material---and brick clay sandstone, concrete or sheet material form.
The standard specification greenhouse by solar heat that this greenhouse by solar heat is recommended with Ministry of Agriculture industry standard is compared and is had following characteristics:
1, before when winter, lighting roof sunray impingement rate is high, is conducive to heat in Winter Solar Greenhouse.This greenhouse by solar heat is between north latitude 35-degree-50 °, and in the positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m in Winter Solstice, front lighting roof sun-light incidence rate is 91.7%; All specification greenhouse by solar heats that Ministry of Agriculture industry standard is recommended are between north latitude 35-degree-50 °, the positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m in Winter Solstice, the average impingement rate of front lighting roof sunshine is between 62.1%-90.8%, when latitude is higher, sunray impingement rate is lower, as: in north latitude 35-degree positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m in Winter Solstice, front lighting roof sunray impingement rate is between 80.3%-90.8%; In the time of 50 ° of north latitude, the front lighting roof sunray impingement rate positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m in Winter Solstice is between 62.1%-76.8%.
When winter, to gather solar energy many daytime, and night insulation performance is good.The positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m of winter solstice, the equivalent width that front lighting roof gathers sunray is 5.255m, and adverse grade insulation width is between 3.31m-4.32m; The 8m that Ministry of Agriculture industry standard is recommended is across greenhouse by solar heat between north latitude 35-degree-50 °, and the positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m of winter solstice before, to gather the equivalent width of sunray be between 4.815m-6.372m to lighting roof, and adverse grade is incubated width between 1.04m-2m.
2, before when summer, lighting roof sunray impingement rate is low, is conducive to sunlight room temperature lowering.The positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m in the Summer Solstice, front lighting roof sunray impingement rate is 89.5%; All specification greenhouse by solar heats that Ministry of Agriculture industry standard is recommended are between north latitude 35-degree-50 °, and before the positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m in the Summer Solstice, the average impingement rate of lighting roof sunray is between 90.5%-100%.During the broiling summer, the science lighting surface elevation angle design of the utility model greenhouse by solar heat is compared with the greenhouse by solar heat of extensively promoting at present, can obviously reduce solar radiation and enter the heat in greenhouse, thereby effectively reduce flooring and air themperature, be conducive to plantation or aquaculture and produce.
When summer, to gather solar energy few daytime, utilizes warm room temperature lowering.Greenhouse by solar heat front roof is lighting roof.At north latitude 35-degree--between 50 °, the positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m of summer solstice, the equivalent width that front lighting roof gathers sunray is 5.128m; The 8m that Ministry of Agriculture industry standard is recommended across greenhouse by solar heat at north latitude 35-degree--between 50 °, the positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m of summer solstice, the equivalent width that front lighting roof gathers sunray is between 6.282m-7.579m.
3, Dongshan wall and Western Hills wall metope adopt light transmissive material to do body of wall, avoided body of wall projection shading, can effectively extend the light application time in greenhouse by solar heat, particularly Dongshan wall can printing opacity, be conducive to morning in winter sunshine and do sth. in advance incident greenhouse by solar heat, this is all beneficial to vegetables, flower growth.
4, the 8m that this greenhouse by solar heat and Ministry of Agriculture's industry standard are recommended is across greenhouse by solar heat, at north latitude 35-degree--between 50 °, ensureing the positive period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m of winter solstice, a front greenhouse by solar heat shade north edge and rear greenhouse by solar heat leading edge distance are under the same prerequisite of 1.5m, needing to take up an area width every of 45 ° of these greenhouse by solar heat of areas to the south of north latitude is that the 8m that Ministry of Agriculture's industry standard is recommended takes up an area across greenhouse by solar heat between the 84.3%--98.5% of width, 45 ° of north latitude--between 50 °, two kinds of greenhouse by solar heat occupation of land width are substantially suitable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of the utility model greenhouse by solar heat,
Fig. 2 is the side schematic view (left surface of Fig. 1) of this greenhouse by solar heat,
Fig. 3 is the schematic rear view of this greenhouse by solar heat.
In figure:
1, front lighting roof, 2, rear lighting roof, 3, gable, 4, rear eaves wall, 5, front roof arch bar, 6, daylighting fabric, 7, door, 8, entity gable, 9, rear roofing arch bar.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the utility model entirety lighting roof is the greenhouse by solar heat of circular arc arch, is made up of gable 3 and the rear eaves wall 4 of front lighting roof 1, rear lighting roof 2, both sides.Front lighting roof 1 faces south, and rear lighting roof 2 faces north.Front lighting roof 1 and rear lighting roof 2 join roof highest point is airtight.Front lighting roof 1 and rear lighting roof 2 are circular arc arch covering.The skeleton that front lighting roof 1 is made up of the front roof arch bar 5 being arranged in parallel and the daylighting fabric 6 of laying thereon form; The skeleton that rear lighting roof 2 is made up of rear roofing arch bar 9 and the daylighting fabric 6 of laying thereon form.The daylighting fabric 6 of laying on front roof arch bar 5 and the daylighting fabric 6 of laying on rear roofing arch bar 9 can be whole fabrics.Front lighting roof 1 is one from roof until the circular arc arch covering on ground, front; After 9 times causes of rear roofing arch bar, eaves wall 4 supports, be one from roof until the circular arc arch covering of eaves wall 4.The thing both sides of front lighting roof 1 and rear lighting roof 2 are provided with gable 3, the north part of a side gable 3 is made as entity gable 8 therein, is provided with door 7 on entity gable 8, and entity gable 8 is interior can be provided with operation room, also can not establish operation room for easy, this determines on demand.
Because said structure of the present utility model is close with the structure of current more existing greenhouse by solar heats, this specification no longer describes in detail this.And the design main points of the utility model greenhouse by solar heat are: 1., the angle of elevation alpha of lighting roof 1 is between 35 °～50 °; 2. after, the elevation angle β of lighting roof 2 is between 16.5 °～31.5 °; 3. the chord length of the front roof arch bar 5 bending radius ÷ front roof arch bars 5 of front lighting roof 1 equals 0.8～1.2; 4. after, after the rear roofing arch bar 9 bending radius ÷ of lighting roof 2, the chord length of roofing arch bar 9 equals 0.85～1.25; 5. the gable 3 of both sides adopts light transmissive material.
The material that the utility model uses is: described daylighting fabric 6 can be transparent PC plate, can be also overlay.Gable 3 adopts light transmissive material (glass, PC plate, plastic foil etc.) to do body of wall.Entity gable 8 and rear eaves wall 4 can be by construction materials, as brick clay sandstone, concrete etc. build up, and also can be by formations such as sheet materials.
Installation of the present utility model: material is to transport to greenhouse by solar heat building site after strange land processing or buying to carry out installation.This part material comprises: skeleton, daylighting fabric and installation auxiliary material, thermal insulation quilt and the Cover roller tool etc. of front roof arch bar and rear roofing arch bar composition, and build place weather conditions and selected other the supporting greenhouse goods, materials and equipments of functional requirement according to greenhouse by solar heat.Skeleton employing bolt combination mode or the riveted joint of the skeleton of front roof arch bar composition and rear roofing arch bar composition installed, welding manner all can; but must stop metallic bur power, welding slag etc. that all may cause daylighting fabric (PC plate, plastic foil etc.) to damage, and should carry out anti-corrosion protection.It is tight reliable that PC plate or plastic foil piece are wanted.
Claims (7)
1. overall lighting roof is a greenhouse by solar heat for circular arc arch, is made up of gable (3) and the rear eaves wall (4) of front lighting roof (1), rear lighting roof (2), both sides; Front lighting roof (1) faces south, and rear lighting roof (2) faces north; Front lighting roof 1 and rear lighting roof 2 join roof highest point is airtight, and front lighting roof 1 and rear lighting roof 2 are circular arc arch covering; The skeleton that front lighting roof (1) is made up of the front roof arch bar (5) being arranged in parallel and the daylighting fabric (6) of laying thereon form; The skeleton that rear lighting roof (2) is made up of rear roofing arch bar (9) and the daylighting fabric (6) of laying thereon form; Front lighting roof (1) is one from roof until the circular arc arch covering on ground, front; After the lower cause of rear lighting roof (2), eaves wall (4) supports, rear lighting roof (2) be one from roof until the circular arc arch covering of eaves wall (4); The thing both sides of front lighting roof (1) and rear lighting roof (2) are provided with gable (3); It is characterized in that:
1) angle of elevation alpha of front lighting roof (1) is between 35 °～50 °; 2) after, the elevation angle β of lighting roof (2) is between 16.5 °～31.5 °; 3) chord length of front roof arch bar (5) the bending radius ÷ front roof arch bar (5) of front lighting roof (1) equals 0.8～1.2; 4) after, after rear roofing arch bar (9) the bending radius ÷ of lighting roof (2), the chord length of roofing arch bar (9) equals 0.85～1.25.
2. greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the north part of a side gable (3) is made as entity gable (8) therein, is provided with door (7) on entity gable (8).
3. greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 2, is characterized in that: entity gable is provided with operation room in (8).
4. greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the daylighting fabric (6) of above laying at front roof arch bar (5) and the daylighting fabric (6) in the upper laying of rear roofing arch bar (9) are whole fabrics.
5. according to the greenhouse by solar heat described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: described daylighting fabric (6) is transparent PC plate or overlay.
6. greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 1, is characterized in that: gable (3) adopts light transmissive material: glass, PC plate or plastic foil do body of wall.
7. according to the greenhouse by solar heat described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: entity gable (8) and rear eaves wall (4) are by construction material: brick clay sandstone, concrete or sheet material form.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420269778.8U CN203872681U (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | Solar greenhouse with whole lighting roof in circular-arch shape |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420269778.8U CN203872681U (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | Solar greenhouse with whole lighting roof in circular-arch shape |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203872681U true CN203872681U (en) | 2014-10-15 |
Family
ID=51673254
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420269778.8U Withdrawn - After Issue CN203872681U (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | Solar greenhouse with whole lighting roof in circular-arch shape |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203872681U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103988733A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-20 | 北京鑫大禹华霖节水设备有限责任公司 | Solar greenhouse with entire lighting roof arched |
| CN105043030A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-11 | 张文艳 | Wide material drying trolley |
-
2014
- 2014-05-23 CN CN201420269778.8U patent/CN203872681U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103988733A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-20 | 北京鑫大禹华霖节水设备有限责任公司 | Solar greenhouse with entire lighting roof arched |
| CN103988733B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2016-07-06 | 北京鑫大禹华霖节水设备有限责任公司 | Overall lighting roof is the heliogreenhouse of circular arc arch |
| CN105043030A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-11 | 张文艳 | Wide material drying trolley |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2339910B1 (en) | Greenhouse | |
| CN204031947U (en) | A kind of novel double-layer roofing greenhouse by solar heat | |
| EP2294910B1 (en) | Photovoltaic greenhouse with improved efficiency | |
| CN204199840U (en) | An a kind of even ecological wind light generation booth | |
| CN204090645U (en) | A kind of zigzag connects a photovoltaic agricultural planting booth | |
| CN103988733A (en) | Solar greenhouse with entire lighting roof arched | |
| CN205378610U (en) | Inside and outside heat -preservation type sunlight greenhouse | |
| CN207995729U (en) | A photovoltaic agricultural greenhouse | |
| CN204733681U (en) | Eccentric formula large -span hunch canopy is planted to four seasons | |
| CN203872681U (en) | Solar greenhouse with whole lighting roof in circular-arch shape | |
| CN203879064U (en) | Solar greenhouse with circular-arch-shaped front daylighting roof | |
| CN204837304U (en) | Cold ground solar energy marsh gas heat accumulation heat preservation greenhouse | |
| CN202551785U (en) | Integrated solar photoelectric and photo-thermal greenhouse | |
| CN203968814U (en) | A kind of photovoltaic ecological environment-friendly energy-saving building | |
| CN103774793A (en) | Natural ventilation lighting greenhouse | |
| CN202276677U (en) | Novel steel rope framework solar energy warm shed | |
| CN210610471U (en) | High-daylighting-rate cold-region sunlight greenhouse | |
| CN204590435U (en) | A kind of ventilation structure with adjustable roof parts | |
| CN201328276Y (en) | Solar multi-span greenhouse | |
| CN206760223U (en) | A kind of solar energy planting greenhouse | |
| CN103993759B (en) | Front lighting roof is the heliogreenhouse of circular arc arch | |
| CN203942874U (en) | Three season temperature canopy | |
| CN201174910Y (en) | High-efficiency and energy-saving solar greenhouse | |
| CN204662705U (en) | Sunlight greenhouse heating assists body of wall | |
| CN102523988A (en) | Edible mushroom-vegetable coefficient sunlight greenhouse |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20141015 Effective date of abandoning: 20160706 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |