CN203764259U - Reaction kettle heated by utilizing solar energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reaction kettle heated by solar energy, which comprises a kettle body, a kettle cover arranged on the top of the kettle body, a stirring device inserted into the inside of the kettle body, and a heating device wrapped and arranged on the outer wall of the kettle body. The heating device includes a heat storage layer, a heat-absorbing coating, a vacuum layer and a heat-collecting layer sequentially from the inside to the outside. The edge of the layer is sealed with the edge of the heat-absorbing coating to form a vacuum layer; its structure also includes a rotating device arranged at the bottom of the kettle body, and the rotating device includes a rotating disk, a motor for driving the rotating disk, and a and the bracket between the kettle body. The utility model uses solar energy to heat the reaction kettle, highlights energy saving and environmental protection, and ensures safety, and the heating device occupies a small space, avoiding high-pressure equipment for boiler heating and complicated pipeline connections.

Description

A reactor heated by solar energy

technical field

The utility model relates to chemical equipment, in particular to a reaction kettle heated by solar energy.

Background technique

1. In the heating process of chemical industry, paint, pharmaceutical, rubber, papermaking, printing and dyeing, paint, textile, plastic, chemical fiber, resin, food processing, wood processing and other industries, the reaction kettle using hot oil or steam as the heat transfer medium, Applications such as reaction pots are quite common. In the working process of chemical reactors, there are many occasions that need to provide 120-450°C as the reaction heat source. Using water and steam as a heat transfer medium has the following advantages: high specific heat of water, large latent heat of evaporation, no deterioration during application, and low price. But its disadvantages are also prominent: water heat transfer at high temperature to generate steam requires a dedicated and expensive boiler system, the heating equipment must be a pressure vessel, and the pipeline connection is also very complicated. For example: at 200°C, the saturated vapor pressure of water vapor is 1. 56 MPa, and at 300°C, the corresponding saturated vapor pressure has reached 8. 6 MPa. Therefore, a medium-pressure boiler must be equipped for use, and the economy is not good. In addition, the reaction kettle heated by heat transfer oil has disadvantages such as fouling and difficult cleaning.

In recent years, with the rapid expansion of industries in developing countries, the amount of fossil fuels consumed by the _above -mentioned traditional heating methods has increased rapidly, resulting in environmental problems (such as CO ₂ pollution) is getting worse; at the same time, the soaring international crude oil price has sharply increased the production cost of enterprises.

2. All-glass vacuum tube solar collectors are currently the most widely used heat collectors. However, due to the limited high-temperature performance of selective light-absorbing coatings, most of them are only used to provide domestic or production hot water below 100 °C. Fraunhof℃r IS℃ experiments prove that the heat collection efficiency of the double-layer anti-reflective glass cover plate is higher than the total efficiency of the conventional flat plate heat collector, and the advantages are more obvious in the high temperature range (>120°C), and the average efficiency is higher than that of the conventional flat plate heat collector. The heater is 33% higher.

According to the experimental results, the double-layer anti-reflection glass cover plate has good performance in terms of heat collection efficiency, weather resistance and strength, and the price is reasonable.

3. The selective light-absorbing coating with stable high-temperature performance is a key component for absorbing the heat collected by the heat collecting device. Stable work at ℃ temperature. In response to this problem, foreign scholars have carried out a series of research work: Indian scientist Harish C et al. have developed TiAlN/TiAlON/Si3N4 as the main absorption coating, semi-absorption coating and anti-reflection coating by DC magnetron sputtering method. layer, and can maintain stable work at 625°C for 2 hours in air and 50 hours at 525°C (Deposition and characterization of TiAlN/TiAlON/Si3N4 tandem absorber prepared using reactive direct current magnetron sputtering J〕1Thin Solid Films, Vol516, 2008: 6071-6078); Zhang QC, University of Sydney, Australia, etc. used DC reactive sputtering to deposit ALN dielectric, and used DC co-sputtering method to inject metal particles such as aluminum nitride, stainless steel and tungsten into the dielectric substrate Middle; forming a cermet selective absorption coating based on ALN medium (The Progress and Prospect of Middle/High Temperature Evacuated Tubular Solar Collector〔J〕1Renewable Energy1Vol 24,2001:539-5441). These new multi-layer gradient film coatings and cermet selective coatings are suitable for the requirements of medium and high temperature heating processes and can be widely used in production.

4. Solar radiation energy cannot be stored directly at present, and must be converted into other forms of energy storage. So heat storage is another key to solar thermal utilization. There are five types of solar heat storage: sensible heat storage, latent heat storage, chemical heat storage, plastic crystal heat storage, and solar pool heat storage. Latent heat storage is the use of latent heat absorbed or released by materials during phase change to store and release energy, and the temperature does not change. It has the characteristics of high energy storage density and close to isothermal heat storage and release. It is a good choice for solar heating systems. Phase change materials should have the following characteristics: (1) high latent heat of fusion, so that they can store or release more heat during phase change; (2) good reversibility of phase change process, small expansion and contraction, supercooling or Less overheating; (3) Appropriate phase change temperature, which can meet the specific temperature that needs to be controlled; (4) High thermal conductivity, high density, and large specific heat capacity; (5) Phase change materials are non-toxic, non-corrosive, and low in cost , easy to manufacture.

Phase change energy storage materials are divided into inorganic and organic according to their chemical composition. Organic energy storage materials generally have a relatively low phase transition temperature, and belong to medium and low temperature phase change energy storage materials, including organic acid salts, alcohols, organic fatty acids and paraffins, etc. . Organic phase change energy storage materials have the characteristics of no supercooling and adjustable phase change temperature when solidified, which is of great significance to the development and rational utilization of energy, but it is not suitable for heating reactors. Inorganic materials mainly include salt and salt hydrates, alkalis, halides, metals and metal oxides, etc., and their phase transition temperature is relatively high, so most of them are high-temperature materials and medium-temperature materials. It is mainly used in small-power power stations, solar power generation and low-temperature heat engines.

Inorganic phase change materials include solid-liquid phase change materials and solid-solid phase change materials. When the temperature of solid-liquid phase change material is higher than the phase transition point, the phase changes from solid phase to liquid phase to absorb heat, and when the temperature drops, the phase change material phase changes from liquid phase to solid phase to release heat. . However, the solid-solid phase change material does not change its physical state when it absorbs heat and releases heat. At present, NH4SCN, KHF2 and other substances have been studied as such inorganic salt high temperature phase change energy storage materials. The melting temperature of KHF2 is 196 °C, and the heat of fusion is 142 kJ/kg; when NH4SCN is heated from room temperature to 150 °C for phase transition, no liquid phase is formed, the phase transition enthalpy is high, the phase transition temperature range is wide, and the degree of supercooling is light. Good stability, no corrosion, is a promising energy storage material.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a reactor heated by solar energy, which uses solar energy to heat the reactor, which highlights energy saving and environmental protection, ensures safety, uniform heating, and the heating device occupies a small space, avoiding the high pressure equipment for boiler heating and complex piping connections. the

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a reaction kettle heated by solar energy, including a kettle body, a kettle cover arranged on the top of the kettle body, a stirring device inserted into the inside of the kettle body, and a wrapping device arranged on the inside of the kettle body. The heating device on the outer wall of the kettle body, the heating device includes a heat storage layer, a heat absorption coating, a vacuum layer and a heat collection layer from the inside to the outside, the heat storage layer is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the kettle body, and the heat absorption coating layer is fixedly connected with the heat storage layer, and the edge of the heat collecting layer is sealed and connected with the edge of the heat absorbing coating to form a vacuum layer; the structure also includes a rotating device arranged at the bottom of the kettle body, and the rotating device includes a rotating disk for A motor that drives the rotating disk and a bracket arranged between the rotating disk and the still body.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the heat storage layer adopts an inorganic high-temperature solid-solid phase change heat storage plate with uniform thickness, and the heat-absorbing coating adopts a cermet selective absorption coating or poly The layer gradient film absorbs the coating, the heat collecting layer adopts a double-layer anti-reflection glass cover plate with uniform thickness, and the vacuum layer has a uniform thickness.

As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the support includes three supporting columns, the bottom ends of which are fixed on the rotating disk, and the top ends of the supporting columns are fixed around the discharge opening at the bottom of the kettle body.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, vertical teeth are evenly arranged on the side wall of the rotating disk, and a gear is connected to the shaft of the motor, and the gear meshes with the vertical teeth of the rotating disk. the

The beneficial effects produced by adopting the above technical solution are: the utility model uses solar energy to heat the reactor, highlights energy saving and environmental protection, ensures safety, uniform heating, and the heating device occupies a small space, avoiding high-pressure equipment for boiler heating and complicated pipeline connections . the

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the utility model. the

In the figure: 1. Kettle body 2. Covering 3. Stirring device 4. Heat storage layer 5. Absorption coating 6. Vacuum layer 7. Heat collection layer 8. Turning disc 9. Bracket 10. Motor 11. Gears. the

Detailed ways

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the structure of a specific embodiment of the utility model includes a kettle body 1, a kettle cover 2 arranged on the top of the kettle body 1, a stirring device 3 inserted into the inside of the kettle body 1, and wrapped and arranged on the outer wall of the kettle body 1. The heating device on the top, the heating device includes a heat storage layer 4, a heat absorption coating 5, a vacuum layer 6 and a heat collection layer 7 from the inside to the outside, and the heat storage layer 4 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the kettle body 1, absorbing The thermal coating 5 is fixedly connected with the heat storage layer 4, and the edge of the heat collecting layer 7 is sealed and connected with the edge of the heat absorbing coating 5 to form a vacuum layer 6; the structure also includes a rotating device arranged at the bottom of the kettle body 1, the The rotating device includes a rotating disk 8 , a motor 10 for driving the rotating disk 8 and a bracket 9 arranged between the rotating disk 8 and the kettle body 1 .

The heat storage layer 4 adopts an inorganic high-temperature solid-solid phase change heat storage plate with a uniform thickness, and the heat absorption coating 5 adopts a cermet selective absorption coating or a multilayer gradient film absorption coating with a uniform thickness. The heat collecting layer 7 adopts a double-layer anti-reflection glass cover plate with uniform thickness, and the vacuum layer 6 has a uniform thickness. The inorganic high-temperature solid-solid phase change heat storage plate does not change its physical state during the heat storage and heat release process, and the heating of the kettle body 1 is stable, so that the structure of the utility model is stable; cermet selective absorption coating or multi-layer gradient film The absorption coating has stable performance and is suitable for medium and high temperature heating process requirements; the double-layer anti-reflective glass cover plate has high heat collection efficiency, strong weather resistance, and good mechanical strength; the vacuum layer 6 prevents heat loss to the outside.

The support 9 includes three support columns, the bottom ends of which are fixed on the rotating disk 8 , and the top ends of the support columns are fixed around the discharge opening at the bottom of the kettle body 1 . The bracket 9 makes the kettle body 1 overhead above the rotating disk 8, so as to ensure the uniform heating of the kettle body 1 without affecting the normal discharge.

Vertical teeth are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the rotating disk 8 , and a gear 11 is connected to the shaft of the motor 10 , and the gear 11 meshes with the vertical teeth of the rotating disk 8 . The gear 11 meshing transmission mode is adopted to make the rotation of the kettle body more stable and reliable.

The working principle of the utility model is: the utility model is placed in the sun, firstly the heat collecting layer 7 collects solar energy, then the absorbing coating 5 selectively absorbs the sunlight, and finally the heat storage layer 4 absorbs the radiation energy of the sunlight It is stored in the form of thermal energy. The heat storage layer 4 stores heat and releases heat through phase change. When the heat is released, the kettle body 1 is heated to meet the temperature requirements of the chemical reaction inside the kettle body 1. The rotating disk 8 rotates at a constant speed, so that The heating devices at different angles of the kettle body 1 uniformly collect light, absorb heat, store heat and release heat, and finally realize the uniform heating of the kettle body 1. The vacuum layer 6 reduces the loss of heat energy to the outside world and improves the utilization rate of heat energy; in addition, there is no sunlight at night At this time, the kettle body 1 mainly utilizes the thermal energy stored in the heat storage layer 4 to heat, and at this time, the motor 10 can be turned off, and the rotating disk 8 stops rotating to save electric energy.

The above description is only proposed as an implementable technical solution of the utility model, not as a single restriction on the technical solution itself.

Claims (4)

1. one kind is utilized the reactor of solar energy heating, comprise kettle, be arranged on the kettle cover at kettle top, the agitating device that is inserted into kettle inside and parcel and be arranged on the heater on described kettle outer wall, it is characterized in that: described heater from inside to outside comprises recuperation layer, heat absorbing coating, vacuum layer and thermal-arrest layer successively, described recuperation layer is fixedly connected with the outer wall of kettle, heat absorbing coating is fixedly connected with recuperation layer, and the edge of thermal-arrest layer and the edge seal of heat absorbing coating are connected to form vacuum layer; In its structure, also comprise the tumbler that is arranged on autoclave body bottom, described tumbler comprise rolling disc, for drive the motor of rolling disc and be arranged on rolling disc and kettle between support.

2. the reactor that utilizes solar energy heating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described recuperation layer adopts the inorganic high-temp solid-solid phase-change heat accumulation plate of thickness homogeneous, described heat absorbing coating adopts cermet coating for selective absorption or the multilayer graded films absorber coatings of thickness homogeneous, described thermal-arrest layer adopts the double-deck anti-reflective glass cover plate of thickness homogeneous, described vacuum layer thickness homogeneous.

3. the reactor that utilizes solar energy heating according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described support comprises three support columns, and the bottom of support column is fixedly installed on rolling disc, and the top of support column is fixedly installed on autoclave body bottom discharging opening around.

4. the reactor that utilizes solar energy heating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on the sidewall of described rolling disc, be evenly provided with perpendicular tooth, described motor shaft is connected to gear, and gear engages with the perpendicular tooth of rolling disc.