CN203728762U - Movable rotary barrel type continuous carbonization furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

A movable rotary drum type continuous carbonization furnace, the double wall in the furnace has an insulating layer, the upper part of the furnace body (10) has a central shaft hole, a temperature display perforation and a chimney, and the furnace body has a drum (14), carbonization chamber (5), charcoal cooling chamber (15), umbrella baffle plate (13), charcoal stirring piece (16) and material stirring piece (12), there is a spiral feeding pulley (3) in the annular space in the furnace body There is an ignition port (6) on one side of the carbonization chamber, a spiral lower carbon plate (17) and a carbon outlet (20) with a valve (19) under the cooling chamber, and a feed hopper (4) on one side of the furnace body. The body seat (1) is fixed with a pair of wheels (21). This carbonization furnace uses biomass materials as the carbon source to produce small particle carbon. It has the advantages of small size, light weight, mobile operation, continuous feeding, carbon output, and uninterrupted production. Compared with intermittent carbon production furnaces, it is energy-saving and efficient. Time-saving, more batches per unit time period, closed operation and stirring make the furnace temperature, carbon production speed and carbon quality stable.

Description

Movable rotary drum continuous carbonization furnace

technical field

The utility model relates to a movable drum type continuous carbonization furnace which uses agricultural and forestry biomass materials as carbon sources

Background technique

my country's annual output of agricultural and forestry waste (biomass) is about 1 billion tons, of which the straw of corn, rice, wheat and other bulk crops alone exceeds 500 million tons. About 1/4 of the straw in China is incinerated, which produces about 50 Tg of CO ₂ greenhouse gas emissions, becoming the most important source of greenhouse gas release in non-energy utilization in China. In addition, according to statistics, there are nearly 33 million ^m3 of branch wood, 30 million ^m3 of processing residues, and 16 million ^m3 of waste wood (bamboo) materials in China every year. The number of obsolete trees eliminated is also quite considerable, and the total amount is equivalent to the current annual output of commercial materials (about 85 million m ³ ) in China. These wastes are often piled up like mountains in or near the factory area, and have not been properly treated and recycled. , not only wasting resources, but also causing serious environmental pollution. The integrated carbonization technology of agricultural and forestry wastes is not affected by defects such as complex composition, rough classification, and many impurities of agricultural and forestry wastes. It uses efficient pyrolysis technology to decompose agricultural and forestry wastes into biochar, biotar, biomass vinegar and flammable gases. , not only helps to reduce the pressure of agricultural and forestry waste on the village and town environment, but also can make full use of the advantages of biochar in mitigating climate change, increasing soil carbon sinks, slowing down nutrient loss, and reducing soil and water pollution to replace non-renewable resources. Improve the environment of villages and towns, turn waste into treasure, develop a low-carbon economy, improve the economic, social and ecological benefits of rural agriculture and forestry, and promote the sustainable development of society.

At present, the main equipment used for carbonization of agricultural and forestry biomass materials includes dry distillation pyrolysis kettle, periodic fixed bed carbonization equipment and earthen kiln. In practical application, three problems have been encountered: one is that the existing carbonization equipment produces during the carbonization process Biomass charcoal can only be discharged intermittently, resulting in repeated heating and cooling of the carbonization furnace, wasting energy; moreover, it takes a long time for heating and cooling, and the production efficiency is not high. The second is that the biomass in the existing carbonization equipment is basically fixed, so the carbonization temperature of different parts varies greatly (≥ 35%), and the quality of the charcoal is unstable. The 3rd, existing carbonization equipment is immovable or inconvenient to move, is unfavorable for popularizing and using in mountainous area and rural areas.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a movable drum type continuous carbonization furnace.

The technical scheme adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is:

This movable drum type continuous carbonization furnace includes a feed hopper, a carbonization chamber, and a carbon outlet. There is a layer of thermal insulation material in the double wall. The upper part of the furnace body has a central shaft hole, a temperature display perforation and a chimney. The lower part of the furnace body has a drum. The space inside the drum is a carbon cooling chamber. Umbrella-shaped baffle plate and carbon stirring plate on the central fixed shaft, the upper half of the furnace body is the carbonization chamber, the bottom wall of the carbonization chamber is integrated with the top wall of the carbon cooling chamber, and the ring between the outer wall of the carbon cooling chamber and the inner wall of the furnace There is a spiral feeding plate in the shaped space, and there is an ignition port on one side of the carbonization chamber that can be opened or closed as required. There is a material stirring piece at the bottom of the carbonization chamber, a carbon stirring piece at the bottom of the carbon cooling chamber, and a fixed shaft fixed in the center below the cooling chamber. There is a spiral lower carbon plate on the top and a carbon outlet with a valve. There is a feeding hopper on one side of the furnace body. The center of the top wall and bottom wall of the carbon cooling chamber is perforated with a central axis. Shaft, the central rotating shaft that drives the drum to rotate passes through the carbonization chamber to the upper part of the charcoal cooling chamber, and the central fixed shaft that fixes the umbrella-shaped baffle, the charcoal stirring plate and the spiral lower charcoal wrench runs from the lower part of the charcoal cooling chamber to the charcoal outlet. The wheels are fixed on the furnace body seat.

There is a feeder in the described feeding hopper.

The four legs of the furnace body seat are bendable legs.

The difference between the hole diameter of the central shaft of the top wall and the bottom wall of the carbon cooling chamber and the shaft diameter of the central rotating shaft and the central fixed shaft is 60-150mm.

There is a chimney on the top of the carbonization chamber of the carbonization furnace, which can be connected to vinegar liquid collection equipment and gas storage equipment to form continuous and uninterrupted feeding, carbonization, liquid discharge and stable gas supply. The carbonization furnace can simultaneously produce three products of solid, liquid and gas from agricultural and forestry biomass materials. The obtained biochar can be returned to the soil to increase the carbon sink, increase the air permeability of the soil, prevent compaction, have a long-term slow-release effect on water and fertilizer, improve and repair heavy metal pollution and degraded soil, and can also be used as a carbon material. It is used as reducing agent in metallurgical industry, insulation material and civilian barbecue, etc.; the liquid is recovered by condensation to obtain biomass vinegar, which is used as disinfectant and deodorant in livestock breeding places, and can also be used as pesticide auxiliaries and pesticides, or to promote Foliar fertilizer for crop growth; the obtained combustible gas can be used for internal combustion engines, gas turbines to generate electricity or directly supply gas.

Compared with the equipment of the same output, the carbonization furnace is small in size and light in weight, and is convenient for mobile operation, and is suitable for mountain forests and rural areas where there are many biomass materials.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the continuously rotating cylinder body is not only the feeding body for spiral feeding, the top wall of the cylinder body doubles as the rotating furnace bottom of the carbonization chamber, it is not only the cooling chamber for charcoal, but also the closed groove for the spiral carbon discharge parts, four All in one, reasonable design, compact structure. The carbonization furnace is closed while continuously feeding and discharging materials; at the same time, the heat of carbon cooling in the drum is used to preheat the biomass feed to be carbonized, which is efficient and energy-saving; the top of the drum acts as the bottom of the rotary carbonization furnace for carbonization The biomass material is stirred to make the carbonization temperature, speed and quality of the charcoal produced uniform.

This movable rotary drum continuous carbonization furnace overcomes the extensive carbonization temperature control of the existing dry distillation pyrolysis kettle, periodic fixed bed carbonization equipment and earth kiln, and the biomass char produced during the carbonization process can only be discharged intermittently, resulting in The furnace is repeatedly heated and cooled, which wastes energy, and requires a long time for heating and cooling, and has the disadvantages of low production efficiency and inability to move conveniently.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the movable drum type continuous carbonization furnace.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of A-A in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and with reference to accompanying drawing:

This movable drum type continuous carbonization furnace includes a feed hopper, a carbonization chamber, and a carbon outlet. The whole is divided into four parts from top to bottom: the motor and its deceleration transmission mechanism 9, the furnace body 10, the furnace body seat 1 and the wheels 21. part, the double wall of the furnace body has a layer of insulating material, the upper part of the furnace body has a central shaft hole and a temperature display 11 perforation and a chimney 7, and the lower half of the furnace body has a drum 14, and the space in the drum is for carbon cooling. Chamber 15, which has an umbrella-shaped baffle plate 13 and a charcoal stirring plate 16 fixed on the central fixed shaft. The upper half space in the furnace body is a carbonization chamber 5, and the bottom wall of the charcoal chamber is integrated with the top wall of the charcoal cooling chamber. There is a spiral feeding plate 3 in the annular space between the outer wall of the charcoal cooling chamber and the inner wall of the furnace. There is an ignition port 6 that can be opened or closed on one side of the carbonization chamber. A charcoal stirring piece 16 is arranged, and a spiral lower charcoal plate 17 and a charcoal outlet 20 with a valve 19 are arranged below the cooling chamber to be fixed on the central fixed shaft. There is a feed hopper 4 on one side of the furnace body, and the center of the top wall and bottom wall of the charcoal cooling chamber is perforated with a central axis, and its aperture is larger than the central rotating shaft 8 and the central fixed shaft 18, and the central rotating shaft 8 that drives the drum to rotate Pass through the carbonization chamber to the upper part of the carbon cooling chamber, fix the central fixed shaft 18 of the umbrella-shaped baffle plate 13, the carbon stirring plate 16 and the spiral lower carbon plate 17 from the lower part of the carbon cooling chamber to the carbon outlet 20, and a pair of wheels 21 are fixed on the furnace Body seat 1.

There is a feeder 2 in the described feed hopper 4 .

The four legs of the furnace base 1 are bendable legs.

The difference between the diameter of the central axis of the top wall and the bottom wall of the carbon cooling chamber and the diameter of the central rotating shaft 8 and the central fixed shaft 18 is 60-150 mm.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, first cut the straw, bamboo wood waste, and branch wood into short materials less than 25mm or crush the fruit shells into pellets with a particle size of less than 25mm, or directly grind bamboo wood powder, bamboo wood sawdust, rice husk, etc. Biomass materials with a particle size of <25mm are fed from the feed hopper 4 on one side of the carbonization furnace, and the feeder 2 in the feed hopper 4 can prevent the biomass materials from bridging and overhead, so that the feed is smooth. The biomass material at the feed port 4 is continuously raised to the carbonization chamber 5 through the screw feeding plate 3 on the outer wall of the drum 14, and the air is blocked from entering the carbonization chamber to play the role of sealing and heat preservation. Open the ignition port 6 to ignite, and close the ignition port 6 when the temperature of the temperature display 11 in the carbonization chamber 5 rises to the requirement. After the biomass material is spirally sent to the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber, it is stirred by two material stirring pieces 12 fixed on the furnace wall at one end and then moved to the center of the drum 14, that is, the center of the carbonization chamber 5 and the carbon cooling chamber 15. The shaft is perforated and moved, stirring to make the carbonization time and temperature uniform, and the rotating speed of the drum can be controlled and adjusted by a commercially available general-purpose temperature instrument with a single-chip microcomputer to meet the control requirements of different carbonization temperatures. The temperature is generally controlled at 300～800℃.

The gas and liquid products produced in the carbonization chamber 5 can be connected with external equipment such as condensation and dust removal through the chimney 7, and biomass vinegar liquid and combustible gas can be produced. Carbonization furnace all has 160mm thick double-wall insulation shell 10 except the bottom, and the insulation material in the middle adopts aluminum silicate fiber or expanded perlite.

Biomass char falls on the umbrella-shaped baffle plate 13 at the top of the fixed shaft 18 after being perforated through the wall of the charcoal cooling chamber 15 and the central rotating shaft, and then slides along the baffle plate 13 to around the drum wall of the charcoal cooling chamber 15. The biomass material to be carbonized is preheated between the 3 spiral feeding plates outside the drum wall, and the carbon is cooled down to save energy. The cooled charcoal is brought together by two arc-shaped charcoal stirring pieces 16 on the central fixed shaft 19 to the area of the spiral lower charcoal plate 17 at the center of the bottom of the cylinder: the spiral lower charcoal plate 17 on the central fixed shaft 18 and the rotating bottom of the cylinder Work together to complete the continuous carbonization process: the spiral lower carbon plate 17 and the valve 19 prevent air from entering the carbonization chamber, and play the role of sealing and heat preservation. The valve 19 of discharge port can control the speed of discharge.

The carbonization furnace is fixedly mounted on the furnace body seat 1 with two wheels 21, and is movable under the traction of the motor vehicle.

Claims (4)

1. A movable drum-type continuous carbonization furnace, comprising a feed hopper, a carbonization chamber, and a carbon outlet, is characterized in that the whole is divided into a motor and its reduction transmission mechanism (9), a furnace body (10) from top to bottom. ), the furnace body base (1) and the wheels (21). The double wall of the furnace body has an insulating material layer, and the upper part of the furnace body is provided with a central shaft hole, a temperature display (11) perforation and a chimney (7). There is a drum (14) in the lower part of the body, and the space in the drum is a carbon cooling chamber (15), which has an umbrella-shaped baffle (13) and a carbon stirring plate (16) fixed on the central fixed shaft. The upper half of the furnace body is the carbonization chamber (5), the bottom wall of the carbonization chamber is integrated with the top wall of the carbon cooling chamber, and there is a spiral feeding plate (3) in the annular space between the outer wall of the carbon cooling chamber and the inner wall of the furnace. , one side of the carbonization chamber is provided with an ignition port (6) that can be opened or closed as required, there is a material stirring piece (12) at the bottom of the carbonization chamber, there is a carbon stirring piece (16) at the bottom of the carbon cooling chamber, and there is a bottom of the cooling chamber that is fixed in the center. The spiral lower charcoal plate (17) on the shaft and the charcoal outlet (20) with valve (19), a feed hopper (4) is arranged on one side of the furnace body, and the center of the top wall and the bottom wall of the charcoal cooling chamber are all provided with The central shaft is perforated, and its aperture is larger than the central rotating shaft (8) and the central fixed shaft (18). The central rotating shaft (8) that drives the drum to rotate passes through the carbonization chamber to the upper part of the carbon cooling chamber, and fixes the umbrella-shaped baffle (13) , the central fixed shaft (18) of the charcoal stirring plate (16) and the spiral lower charcoal plate (17) is from the bottom of the charcoal cooling chamber to the charcoal outlet (20), and a pair of wheels (21) are fixed on the furnace body seat (1) . 2. The movable rotary drum type continuous carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a stirrer (2) in the feed hopper (4). 3. The movable rotary drum type continuous carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the four legs of the furnace body seat (1) are bendable legs. 4. The movable rotary drum type continuous carbonization furnace as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the hole diameter of the central shaft perforation of the top wall and bottom wall of the carbon cooling chamber is fixed with the central rotating shaft (8) and the center The axle diameter difference of axle (18) is 60-150mm.