CN203593686U - Anammox-based SBR+SBBR urban highly-effective wastewater biological treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anammox-based SBR+SBBR urban highly-effective biological wastewater treatment device, and belongs to the technical field of biological sewage treatment. The device comprises an SBR dephosphorization organic matter reactor and an SBBR partial nitrification-anammox integrated bio-membrane reactor, wherein urban wastewater is firstly introduced into the SBR dephosphorization organic matter reactor; biological phosphorus removal is realized through conducting an alternate anaerobic-aerobiotic operation; at the same time, organic matters in the wastewater can be removed through adopting heterotrophic bacteria; after processed in the SBR dephosphorization organic matter reactor, discharged water is introduced into the SBBR partial nitrification-anammox integrated bio-membrane reactor; through hypoxia aeration operation, partial nitrification-anammox autotrophic nitrogen removal is realized. The device provided by the utility model is more suitable for low-carbon-nitrogen-ratio urban wastewater treatment, flexible in systematical control, good in energy-saving and nitrogen and phosphorus removal effects, and high in pollutant removal effect.

Description

A high-efficiency biological treatment device for urban sewage based on anaerobic ammonium oxidation SBR+SBBR

technical field

The utility model relates to an SBR+SBBR high-efficiency biological treatment device for urban sewage based on anaerobic ammonium oxidation, which belongs to the technical field of sewage biological treatment.

Background technique

The eutrophication of water body is becoming more and more serious, and the discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage is an important reason for it. The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants has become a key issue in sewage treatment and recycling. my country's "Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard" (GB18918-2002) promulgated in 2002 requires that the effluent quality of all sewage units should be less than 5mg/L for ammonia nitrogen and less than 15mg/L for total nitrogen. At the same time, construction after January 1, 2006 The total phosphorus in the sewage treatment plant is less than 0.5mg/L. The energy consumption of existing sewage treatment plants is very high, and the effluent quality of many of them cannot meet the first-level discharge standards, and needs to be upgraded. How to achieve efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal while reducing water treatment energy consumption and treatment costs is of great significance to the sustainable development of sewage treatment.

Biological phosphorus removal is mainly accomplished by a class of microorganisms collectively known as phosphorus accumulating bacteria. Activated sludge operates alternately under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria in the sludge release phosphorus under anaerobic conditions and excessively absorb phosphorus under aerobic conditions; after discharging excess phosphorus-rich sludge, the results are different from traditional Compared with activated sludge method, it can efficiently remove phosphorus pollutants in sewage. The SBR process operates alternately under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, and the phosphorus-accumulating bacteria that accumulate excessive phosphate dominates the growth, so that the phosphorus content of activated sludge is higher than that of ordinary activated sludge. At the same time, the alternate operation of the anaerobic stage and the aerobic stage is beneficial to the granulation of activated sludge, which greatly improves the sludge settling performance and improves the efficiency of pollutant removal.

Traditional biological denitrification technology generally adopts nitrification-denitrification process. Nitrifying bacteria oxidize ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen under aerobic conditions, and then denitrifying bacteria use organic matter to reduce nitrate nitrogen to nitrogen gas under anoxic environment. The limitation of the traditional process is that organic matter is required as an electron donor for the completion of nitrate reduction in the denitrification process. The influent carbon-nitrogen ratio of urban sewage treatment plants in my country is generally low, and the lack of carbon sources has become a bottleneck that cannot improve the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and the addition of additional carbon sources will greatly increase the cost of sewage treatment. The discovery of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria makes it possible to denitrify the whole process of sewage autotrophy. This bacteria has a unique metabolic pathway, which can use nitrite as an electron donor to oxidize ammonia nitrogen to nitrogen. Compared with the traditional denitrification process, the anammox technology has obvious advantages: 1. Anammox bacteria are chemoautotrophic bacteria, which use inorganic carbon as the carbon source, so there is no need to add organic carbon sources during the denitrification process. Save operating costs; 2. The nitrification process only needs to oxidize 50% of the ammonia nitrogen to nitrite, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of oxygen supply; 3. The denitrification efficiency and removal load of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology are high, resulting in a small amount of surplus Sludge; 4. It can greatly reduce the emission of greenhouse gas nitrous oxide, and the environmental benefits are obvious.

As a sustainable biological denitrification technology, the anammox process has a good prospect. However, anammox bacteria are autotrophic bacteria with low cell productivity and are not easy to enrich in a short period of time. The reported doubling time of anammox bacteria is 11d or even longer. At the same time, the sludge is easy to lose at the initial stage of the reactor, which makes it more difficult for the anammox bacteria to enrich smoothly. In order to shorten the start-up time of the anammox process, the utility model needs to strengthen the sludge retention capacity of the reactor to promote the rapid enrichment of anammox bacteria. The use of new biofilm technology can enhance the ability of sludge retention and enrichment. The test proves that the start-up time of the anammox process can be shortened to a certain extent by adding fillers in the system.

At present, the research and application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology are mainly concentrated in the treatment of high-temperature and high-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, while the research and application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology for urban sewage at room temperature is relatively small. There are few reports on the synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of urban sewage based on anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology. At present, the problems to be solved in the popularization and application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology for urban sewage include: how to effectively retain and enrich anammox bacteria in the reactor; Stability; how to reduce the complexity of system operation and maintenance. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new device for treating urban sewage using the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to propose a SBR+SBBR high-efficiency biological treatment of urban sewage based on anaerobic ammonium oxidation to solve the problems of high energy consumption, poor effluent stability, and partial effluent nitrogen and phosphorus that cannot reach the first-class A standard in the existing urban sewage treatment. The device first passes the sewage into the SBR reactor, and discharges the phosphorus-rich sludge through the alternate operation of the anaerobic phosphorus release process and the aerobic phosphorus absorption process to realize biological phosphorus removal, and at the same time removes the influent water through heterotrophic bacteria in the aerobic process Part of the organic matter in the sewage; then the sewage is passed into the SBBR reactor for autotrophic denitrification through short-range nitrification-anammox. The SBBR device uses new fillers and suspended activated sludge to effectively retain and enrich anammox bacteria, improve the retention capacity of sludge, and increase the concentration of microorganisms. The SBBR reactor forms different dominant bacterial species on the suspended sludge and biofilm, thus organically combining the advantages of the activated sludge method and the biofilm method, which can significantly improve the processing capacity and operational stability of the system. And through the reasonable reactor structure and hydraulic flow state to provide a suitable growth environment for microorganisms with different functions, the rapid start-up of the anammox process can be realized, and the denitrification efficiency of the system and the stability of the process can be improved.

The purpose of this utility model is solved by the following solutions: a SBR+SBBR urban sewage high-efficiency biological treatment device based on anaerobic ammonium oxidation, which is characterized in that it mainly includes urban sewage raw water tank (1), SBR phosphorus and phosphorus removal Organic matter reactor (2), intermediate water tank (3), SBBR short-cut nitrification-ANAMMOX integrated biofilm reactor (4); the urban sewage raw water tank stores the sewage from the primary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant, the main pollution The substances are organic matter and ammonia nitrogen; the urban sewage raw water tank (1) is equipped with an overflow pipe (1.1) and a vent pipe (1.2); the urban sewage raw water tank (1) reacts with the SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal through the SBR inlet pump (1.3) The reactor (2) is connected to the water inlet pipe; the SBR phosphorus and organic matter removal reactor (2) is equipped with a speed-adjusting agitator (2.1), a drain valve (2.2), a mud valve (2.3), and a diaphragm aerator (2.4) , air volume regulating valve (2.5), blower (2.6) and gas flow meter (2.7); the outlet pipe of the SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor (2) is connected to the intermediate water tank (3); the intermediate water tank (3) is equipped with an overflow pipe ( 3.1) and vent pipe (3.2); the intermediate water tank (3) is connected to the SBBR short-range nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor (4) through the SBBR inlet pump (3.3); the SBBR short-range nitrification-anammox Oxidation integrated biofilm reactor (4) is equipped with drain valve (4.1), sludge discharge valve (4.2)), diaphragm aeration head (4.3), air volume regulating valve (4.4), SBBR short-range nitrification-anammox Dispersed fixed fillers (4.5) are fixed inside the integrated biofilm reactor (4), and the fixed fillers are composite fillers composed of sponge and PE materials in the prior art. Preferably, the sponge in the fixed filler is a cube-shaped substance with a side length of 0.5-1.5 cm, and the PE is a cylindrical substance.

The treatment process of urban sewage in this device is as follows: the sewage from the urban primary sedimentation tank enters the raw sewage water tank, and enters the SBR phosphorus and organic matter removal reactor through the water inlet pump. Phosphorus and organic matter are treated by biological phosphorus removal and heterotrophic bacteria The degradation effect is efficiently removed; the effluent of the SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor enters the intermediate water tank for water volume adjustment; the sewage in the intermediate water tank is fed into the SBBR short-range nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor through the water inlet pump; and then the SBBR reactor is in Operating under low dissolved oxygen conditions, ammonia oxidizing bacteria convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrite, while anammox bacteria use the substrate substrate ammonia nitrogen to react with nitrous to generate nitrogen. At the same time, the denitrifying bacteria in the reactor can use the residual organic matter in the effluent water of the SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor to perform denitrification, so that the nitrate nitrogen produced by anaerobic ammonium oxidation can be reduced to nitrogen gas; through the above process, the organic matter and nitrogen , The purpose of efficient removal of phosphorus pollutants from sewage.

A method for treating urban sewage with an SBR+SBBR urban sewage high-efficiency biological device based on the above-mentioned anaerobic ammonium oxidation, the specific start-up and regulation steps are as follows:

1) Sludge inoculation and start-up stage: SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor (2) Inoculate the return sludge of the secondary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant, so that the sludge concentration is 4-6g/L, preferably 5g/L; SBBR short-range nitrification- Anaerobic ammonium oxidation integrated biofilm reactor (4) is inoculated with the return sludge of the secondary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant and the short-range nitrification sludge in stable operation according to the volume ratio of 1:1, so that the sludge concentration is 2-4g/L, preferably 2.5g/L, and take an appropriate amount of biofilm filler from the stable operation of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor for inoculation, the volume of biofilm filler should not be less than 4% of the total reactor volume;

2) Normal operation phase

2.1 The operation mode of the SBR phosphorus and organic matter removal reactor (2) is as follows: first, water is fed at room temperature, anaerobic stirring is uniform, aerobic aeration is performed to remove most organic matter, static precipitation, and drainage enters the intermediate water tank (3). In stages, the dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled at 3-5mg/L, the hydraulic retention time HRT is controlled at 2-8h, preferably 4h, and the sludge residence time is controlled at 3-5d, preferably 4d; the preferred water intake is SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor (2) half of the volume;

2.2 The operation mode of the SBBR short-cut nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor (4) is that the water in the middle tank (3) enters the SBBR short-cut nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor (4), and the exposure is adjusted. The valve of the air pipeline is used for low-oxygen aeration, and the dissolved oxygen in the reactor is controlled at 0.1-0.3mg/L. At the same time, the sludge is fully suspended in the reactor, and there is no short flow and dead zone. Aeration for a period of time, Make the total nitrogen lower than 15mg/L, then settle for 15-30min, and finally drain through the drain valve. The hydraulic retention time HRT is 5-10h, preferably 7h.

Further, after the SBBR short-cut nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor (4) runs stably, if the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than 5mg/L at the end of the aeration, the aeration time of the system should be reduced. If the ammonia nitrogen concentration is higher than 5mg/L at the end of the aeration, increase the system aeration time. Until the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the system effluent is less than 5 and greater than 0.5mg/L at the same time, in order to prevent over-aeration when the matrix concentration is too low and affect the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria.

The utility model proposes a high-efficiency biological treatment device for urban sewage based on anaerobic ammonium oxidation SBR+SBBR, which has the following advantages compared with the existing traditional biological denitrification process and conventional anammox denitrification process:

1) The utility model realizes the synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization of urban sewage with low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio through the SBR+SBBR system. The dephosphorization and denitrification of sewage are carried out in two independent reactors, which is beneficial to the cultivation of dominant bacteria; Enrichment of phosphorus accumulating bacteria in SBR reactor and enrichment of nitrifying bacteria and anammox bacteria in SBBR reactor respectively provides a suitable growth environment for functional microorganisms and avoids the accumulation of phosphorus accumulating bacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria The contradiction between sludge age and dissolved oxygen concentration improves the activity of various functional microorganisms and the corresponding pollutant removal efficiency.

2) The utility model controls the short sludge age (3-5d) of the SBR reactor for phosphorus and organic matter removal, so that ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) cannot grow, and nitrification does not occur, saving Energy can improve the effect of phosphorus and organic matter removal. At the same time, the SBR reactor of the utility model operates alternately in anaerobic and aerobic modes, and selectively discharging floc sludge can quickly realize sludge granulation, greatly improve the sludge settling performance, and improve the operating efficiency of the reactor.

3) The utility model provides suitable growth conditions for ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria through the composite biofilm technology of SBBR reactor. Use suspended activated sludge to provide suitable growth conditions such as suitable dissolved oxygen for the growth of ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and use fixed fillers to provide a suitable environment for the enrichment of anammox bacteria, so as to avoid excessive dissolved oxygen in sludge flocs from affecting anaerobic bacteria. Inhibition of ammonia oxidizing bacteria. The SBBR reactor is based on anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology to remove total nitrogen in sewage, and does not require organic matter as a carbon source for denitrification.

4) The operating energy consumption of the utility model is reduced, and the operation is simple. The utility model adopts the short-range nitrification-ANAMMOX autotrophic denitrification process to treat urban sewage, which can save 60% of the aeration rate; adopts the technology of combining the biofilm of fixed filler and suspended sludge to realize integrated anaerobic ammonium oxidation process, the aeration system only needs to realize the effective mixing of suspended sludge, which effectively reduces the operating energy consumption, and is also conducive to the control and maintenance of low dissolved oxygen, improving the stability of the system operation. The SBR process is used for biologically enhanced phosphorus removal, which has strong impact load resistance and simple operation control. The utility model has short startup time, long stable operation time, good effect, good anti-damage ability, and short anti-damage recovery period.

In summary, using the utility model to treat urban sewage does not require organic matter as a carbon source, can save 100% of the organic carbon source, and produces very little greenhouse gas; at the same time, the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal is high, the operation is simple, and the system treatment effect is stable . The amount of urban sewage is large and the treatment cost is high. The application of this utility model in urban sewage treatment has an extremely important impact on energy saving and consumption reduction in the entire sewage treatment industry.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency biological treatment device for urban sewage based on anaerobic ammonium oxidation SBR+SBBR according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a graph showing the variation of the nitrogen removal effect of the SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor after 82 cycles of continuous operation.

Fig. 3 is a graph showing the variation of the nitrogen removal effect of the SBBR short-cut nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor continuously operated for 82 cycles.

Fig. 4 is a graph showing the changes in the phosphorus and COD removal effects of the continuous operation of the process for 82 cycles.

In Figure 1: 1——Urban sewage raw water tank, 2—SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reaction 2, 3—Intermediate water tank, 4—SBBR short-range nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor; 1.1—— Overflow pipe, 1.2—vent pipe, 1.3—SBR inlet pump; 2.1—speed agitator, 2.2—drain valve, 2.3—sludge valve, 2.4—diaphragm aerator head, 2.5— —Air volume control valve, 2.6—Blower, 2.7—Gas flow meter; 3.1—Overflow pipe, 3.2—Empty pipe, 3.3—SBBR inlet pump; 4.1—Drain valve, 4.2—Sludge valve , 4.3—diaphragm aerator head, 4.4—air volume regulating valve, 4.5—fixed packing.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a device based on anaerobic ammonium oxidation SBR+SBBR urban sewage high-efficiency biological treatment is equipped with urban sewage raw water tank 1, SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor 2, intermediate water tank 3, SBBR short-range nitrification-anaerobic ammonium Oxidation integrated biofilm reactor 4; the urban sewage raw water tank stores the sewage from the primary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant, and the main pollutants are organic matter and ammonia nitrogen; the urban sewage raw water tank 1 is equipped with an overflow pipe 1.1 and a vent pipe 1.2 ; City sewage raw water tank 1 is connected with SBR dephosphorization and organic matter removal reactor 2 inlet pipe through SBR inlet water pump 1.3; Diaphragm aeration head 2.4, air volume regulating valve 2.5 blower 2.6 and gas flow meter 2.7; SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor 2 outlet pipe is connected to intermediate water tank 3; intermediate water tank 3 is provided with overflow pipe 3.1 and vent pipe 3.2; The intermediate water tank 3 is connected to the SBBR short-cut nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor 4 through the SBBR inlet pump 3.3; Valve 4.2, diaphragm aerator head 4.3, air volume regulating valve 4.4 and side length are 0.5-1.5cm cube-shaped fixed packing 4.5.

The water from the primary sedimentation tank of Beijing Gaobeidian Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant was used as the raw water in the test. The specific water quality is as follows: COD concentration is 160-250mg/L; NH ⁺ ₄ -N concentration is 32.46-58mg/L, NO ₂ ^- -N≤0.25 mg/L, NO ^- ₃ -N≤1mg/L. The test system is shown in Figure 1. Each reactor is made of plexiglass. The effective volume of the SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor is 120L; the effective volume of the SBBR short-range nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor is 120L.

The specific operation is as follows:

1) Sludge inoculation and start-up stage: SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor is inoculated with return sludge from the secondary settling tank of urban sewage plant, so that the sludge concentration is about 5g/L. The SBBR short-cut nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor is inoculated with the return sludge of the secondary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant and the stable short-cut nitrification sludge according to the volume ratio of 1:1, so that the sludge concentration is about 2.5g/L, An appropriate amount of biofilm filler was inoculated from the stable operation of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor, and the filler volume accounted for 10% of the total reactor volume.

2) Normal operation phase:

2.1 The operation mode of SBR phosphorus and organic matter removal reactor 2 is as follows: firstly, 60L of water is fed (the reactor volume is 120L, and the drainage ratio is 50%), stirring at low speed for 30 minutes, aeration for 90 minutes, static sedimentation for 10-30 minutes, and drainage of 60L. In the aerobic stage, the dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled at 3-5mg/L; the hydraulic retention time HRT is controlled at 4h; the sludge retention time is controlled at 4d.

2.2 The operation mode of SBBR short-cut nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor 4 is that 60L of the effluent from reactor 2 enters reactor 4 (the reactor volume is 120L, and the drainage ratio is 50%). Adjust the valve of the aeration pipeline to carry out low-oxygen aeration for 210 minutes, control the dissolved oxygen in the reactor at 0.1-0.3mg/L, and at the same time ensure that the sludge is fully suspended in the reactor without short flow and dead zone. After that, let it settle for 15-30 minutes, and finally drain 60L through the drain valve. The hydraulic retention time HRT is 7h;

2.3 SBBR short-cut nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor 4, if the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than 5mg/L at the end of aeration, reduce the system aeration time. If the ammonia nitrogen concentration is higher than 5mg/L at the end of the aeration, increase the system aeration time. Until the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the system effluent is less than 5 and greater than 0.5mg/L at the same time, in order to prevent over-aeration when the matrix concentration is too low and affect the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria.

The test results show that, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, after the operation is stable, the phosphate concentration in the effluent of the SBR phosphorus removal and organic matter removal reactor is 0.01-0.22mg/L. The effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration of the SBBR short-cut nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor is 0.44-7.63mg/L, the effluent nitrite concentration is 0-0.67mg/L, the effluent nitrate concentration is 0.68-4.77mg/L, and the effluent total nitrogen is low. At 15mg/L. The change curve of phosphorus and COD removal effect of this process running continuously for 82 cycles is shown in Figure 4.

Two days after the biofilm and sludge in the SBBR short-cut nitrification-anammox integrated biofilm reactor were taken out due to instrument failure at about 45 cycles in Figure 3, it returned to a good state after a short cycle of operation again.

Claims (2)

1. the SBR+SBBR municipal effluent high-performance bio treatment unit based on Anammox, it is characterized in that, mainly comprise municipal effluent raw water box (1), SBR dephosphorization organic matter removal reactor (2), intermediate water tank (3), SBBR short distance nitration-anaerobic ammoxidation combined biofilm reactor (4); What municipal effluent raw water box stored is the preliminary sedimentation tank sewage of municipal wastewater treatment plant, and main pollution substance is organism and ammonia nitrogen; Municipal effluent raw water box (1) is provided with upflow tube (1.1) and blow-down pipe (1.2); Municipal effluent raw water box (1) is connected with SBR dephosphorization organic matter removal reactor (2) water inlet pipe by SBR intake pump (1.3); SBR dephosphorization organic matter removal reactor (2) is provided with speed governing agitator (2.1), water discharge valve (2.2), mud valve (2.3), diaphragm aeration head (2.4), air volume regulating valve (2.5), gas blower (2.6) and gas meter (2.7); SBR dephosphorization organic matter removal reactor (2) rising pipe is connected with intermediate water tank (3); Intermediate water tank (3) is provided with upflow tube (3.1) and blow-down pipe (3.2); Intermediate water tank (3) is connected with SBBR short distance nitration-anaerobic ammoxidation combined biofilm reactor (4) by SBBR intake pump (3.3); SBBR short distance nitration-anaerobic ammoxidation combined biofilm reactor (4) is provided with water discharge valve (4.1), mud valve (4.2), diaphragm aeration head (4.3), air volume regulating valve (4.4), in SBBR short distance nitration-anaerobic ammoxidation combined biofilm reactor (4), be fixed with the fixing filler (4.5) of dispersion, fixing filler is the matrix material of sea and PE material composition.

2. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the sponge in fixing filler is that the length of side is the cubic material of 0.5-1.5cm, and PE is cylindric material.

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