CN203502583U - Substation Multi-target Precise Positioning System - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a substation multi-target precise positioning system, which includes an intelligent positioning terminal, an acoustic positioning beacon node and a wireless data transmission base station; the intelligent positioning terminal can cooperate with the acoustic positioning beacon node to carry out the acoustic positioning beacon node Time synchronization, and then send out ultrasonic positioning signals; the acoustic positioning beacon node, through time synchronization with the intelligent positioning terminal, can decode the ultrasonic signal sent by the intelligent positioning terminal to obtain positioning information, and transmit the positioning information to the wireless Data transmission base station; wireless data transmission base station, after processing the positioning information transmitted by the acoustic positioning beacon node, the position coordinates of the operator wearing the intelligent positioning terminal are obtained. The utility model can locate the on-site equipment in the substation, identify and dynamically locate the operator, ensure that the operator operates according to the regulations, and provide an alarm basis for illegal operations that exceed the range, exceed the time, operate the wrong object, or destroy safety measures.

Description

Substation Multi-target Precise Positioning System

technical field

The utility model relates to a positioning system, in particular to a substation multi-target precise positioning system, which belongs to the technical field of substation positioning.

Background technique

Safe production is the foundation of all work in electric power enterprises. With the continuous development of the power grid, the number of substations is increasing day by day. It is particularly important to ensure safe production to ensure the stable operation of the power grid. Substation operation and maintenance undertakes important tasks such as substation operation and maintenance management, switching operation and accident handling in the power system. It is the executor to ensure the safety, stability and economic operation of the power grid, and the safety pressure is gradually increasing. In order to strengthen the safety management of power substation operation and maintenance and prevent substation safety accidents, many companies, organizations, and groups are actively researching safety protection technologies applicable to power substation operation and maintenance sites, and strive to ensure controllable and controllable power substation operation and maintenance sites. , In control.

According to the actual operation situation, controlling the hazard sources in the operation practice activities is the key to establish the on-site safety protection. At present, the operation and maintenance of some substations use technologies such as video surveillance, RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification), and remote scheduling to realize on-site safety production management. Among them, remote monitoring and management methods of video monitoring technology are widely used to control the working status of on-site personnel. However, in the actual application process, due to the relatively fixed installation of video surveillance equipment, there are dead spots for observation, and the effectiveness of safety protection and monitoring is not high. RFID works with the RFID tags carried by the operators and the RFID reader to monitor whether the personnel are in a certain area. The area of action is narrow, and the identification process requires the active cooperation of personnel, which cannot realize automatic real-time monitoring. Remote scheduling means that the operator operates the operating equipment by operating the computer in the control room away from the operating equipment, which ensures the personal safety of the operating personnel. This technology does not cover all equipment operations, and some equipment operations need to be completed by operators on site.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a substation multi-target precise positioning system, which can locate the on-site equipment in the substation, identify and dynamically locate the operator, and ensure that the operator operates according to the regulations , Provide alarm basis for illegal operations that exceed the range, time, operation object error, or destroy safety measures, which is safe and reliable.

According to the technical solution provided by the utility model, a substation multi-target precise positioning system, the positioning system includes an intelligent positioning terminal, an acoustic positioning beacon node and a wireless data transmission base station, wherein:

The intelligent positioning terminal is worn on the body of the operator. After receiving the time synchronization signal sent by the wireless data transmission base station, it can cooperate with the acoustic positioning beacon node to synchronize the time of the acoustic positioning beacon node. After the time synchronization is completed, it will send out Ultrasonic positioning signal;

The acoustic positioning beacon node is fixed in the set space and has specific position coordinates. It can receive the time synchronization signal transmitted by the wireless data transmission base station and the ultrasonic positioning signal sent by the intelligent positioning terminal; After the positioning terminal cooperates, time synchronization is performed, and the ultrasonic signal sent by the intelligent positioning terminal can be decoded to obtain positioning information, and the positioning information is transmitted to the wireless data transmission base station;

The wireless data transmission base station is installed in the set space, and the position coordinates of the workers wearing the intelligent positioning terminal are obtained after processing the positioning information transmitted by the acoustic positioning beacon node.

The wireless data transmission base station is connected to the background monitoring server, and the wireless data transmission base station transmits the position coordinates of the operator wearing the intelligent positioning terminal to the background monitoring server, so as to form the movement trajectory tracking of the operator in the background monitoring server.

The acoustic positioning beacon node transmits the positioning information to the wireless data transmission base station through Ethernet.

The intelligent positioning terminal includes a terminal processor, the output end of the terminal processor is connected to the speaker through the audio DAC circuit, the power amplifier, the input end of the terminal processor is connected to the terminal temperature and humidity sensor, and the terminal processor also communicates wirelessly with the terminal module connection.

The acoustic positioning beacon node includes a node processor, the input end of the node processor is connected with the MEMS microphone through the sound wave receiving circuit, the node processor is also connected with the node wireless communication module and the node Ethernet module, and the input end of the node processor is also connected Connect to the node temperature and humidity sensor.

The wireless data transmission base station includes a base station processor, and the base station processor is respectively connected with the base station wireless communication module and the base station Ethernet module.

The utility model has the advantages: the ultrasonic signal sent by the intelligent positioning terminal adopts ultrasonic spread spectrum coding, and the transmission distance of the ultrasonic signal is doubled under the same power output, and the different random codes are set in the intelligent positioning terminal, and the acoustic positioning beacon nodes can simultaneously Identify the ultrasonic positioning signals sent by multiple intelligent positioning terminals, and at the same time have high real-time performance, and the positioning time period is extremely short, which can effectively resist the multipath effect caused by the reflection of buildings and other solids, and can effectively resist the target in the The Doppler effect generated during the movement has high reliability and positioning accuracy. The wireless time synchronization technology between the wireless data transmission base station, the acoustic positioning beacon node and the intelligent positioning terminal has the advantages of occupying very little wireless bandwidth, high precision, and a wide range of action. The number of nodes is not limited, and it can locate the field equipment in the substation. Identify and dynamically locate the operator to ensure that the operator operates according to the regulations, and provide an alarm basis for illegal operations that exceed the range, exceed the time, operate the wrong object, or destroy safety measures, which is safe and reliable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model using the trilateration method for position calculation.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of distinguishing different intelligent positioning terminals by the acoustic positioning beacon node of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of time synchronization of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a connection diagram of the utility model.

Fig. 6 is a structural block diagram of the acoustic positioning beacon node of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of the connection between the MEMS microphone and the node processor in the acoustic positioning beacon node of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a working flowchart of the acoustic positioning beacon node of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a structural block diagram of the intelligent positioning terminal of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a structural block diagram of the wireless data transmission base station of the present invention.

Description of reference signs: 1-substation, 2-transformer room, 3-wireless data transmission base station, 4-acoustic positioning beacon node, 5-base station connector, 6-background monitoring server, 7-intelligent positioning terminal, 8- Node processor, 9-node power supply, 10-MEMS microphone, 11-acoustic wave receiving circuit, 12-node wireless communication module, 13-node interface circuit, 14-node temperature and humidity sensor, 15-node Ethernet module, 16-terminal Processor, 17-lithium battery, 18-power manager, 19-terminal temperature and humidity sensor, 20-terminal interface circuit, 21 terminal wireless communication module, 22-audio DAC circuit, 23-power amplifier, 24-speaker, 25- Base station processor, 26-base station power supply, 27-base station wireless communication module, 28-base station communication interface circuit, 29-base station Ethernet module and 30-analog-to-digital conversion circuit.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

As shown in Figure 1: In order to locate the on-site equipment in the substation, identify and dynamically locate the operator, ensure that the operator operates according to the regulations, and provide services for illegal operations that exceed the range, exceed the time, operate on the wrong object, or destroy safety measures. Alarm basis, the positioning system described in the utility model includes an intelligent positioning terminal 7, an acoustic positioning beacon node 4 and a wireless data transmission base station 3, wherein:

The intelligent positioning terminal 7 is worn on the body of the operator. After receiving the time synchronization signal sent by the wireless data transmission base station 3, it can cooperate with the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 to perform time synchronization on the acoustic positioning beacon node 4. After completion, an ultrasonic positioning signal is sent;

The acoustic positioning beacon node 4 is fixed in the set space and has specific position coordinates, and can receive the time synchronization signal transmitted by the wireless data transmission base station 3 and the ultrasonic positioning signal sent by the intelligent positioning terminal 7; after receiving the time synchronization signal, By cooperating with the intelligent positioning terminal 7 for time synchronization, the ultrasonic signal sent by the intelligent positioning terminal 7 can be decoded to obtain positioning information, and the positioning information can be transmitted to the wireless data transmission base station 3;

The wireless data transmission base station 3 is installed in the set space, and obtains the position coordinates of the operator wearing the intelligent positioning terminal 7 after processing the positioning information transmitted by the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 .

Specifically, the intelligent positioning terminal 7, the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 and the wireless data transmission base station 3 are all located in the transformer room 2 in the substation 1, and one or more transformer rooms 2 are set in the substation 1, and the acoustic positioning beacon The nodes 4 are evenly and dispersedly fixed on the wall or ceiling of the monitoring area, the wireless data transmission base station 3 is installed at the entrance of the transformer room 2, and the intelligent positioning terminal 7 is worn on the body of the operator entering the transformer room 2. The utility model implements In an example, one transformer room 2 is a monitoring area. Figure 1 shows the structure of three transformer rooms 2 in a substation 1, and each transformer room 2 is equipped with a wireless data transmission base station 3 and an acoustic positioning system. Beacon nodes 4, generally, at least four acoustic positioning beacon nodes 4 are set in one transformer room 2, and the acoustic positioning beacon nodes 4 have their own fixed position coordinates after installation.

The ultrasonic positioning signal sent by the intelligent positioning terminal 7 is an ultrasonic signal using ultrasonic spread spectrum coding technology, and the frequency band of the ultrasonic positioning signal is 20K-25KHz. In the embodiment of the utility model, the ultrasonic spread spectrum coding technology is adopted. The ultrasonic spread spectrum coding technology uses the combination of the pseudo-random noise coding technology and the orthogonal spread spectrum coding technology, and the ultrasonic frequency range of 20K to 25K can be used to extend the ultrasonic propagation distance. , reduce the number of acoustic positioning beacon nodes to make the system more usable, and use pseudo-random noise coding technology for ultrasonic positioning signals. Increase, so that the positioning distance is doubled.

In order to achieve multi-object discrimination ability, a pseudo-random noise encoding method with excellent autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics is adopted. The code phases are aligned to restore wide pulses, and the code phases are not aligned to obtain only noise. After the use of pseudo-random coding, the benefits of narrow pulse and wide pulse positioning can be retained at the same time, and its excellent cross-correlation can ensure good multi-target orthogonality, realize multi-target code sequence discrimination, and through different intelligent positioning The terminals 7 are assigned different pseudo-random codes, and these pseudo-random codes have good cross-correlation with each other, so that the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 can distinguish the corresponding intelligent positioning terminal 7 according to different pseudo-random codes. At the same time, multi-target code sequence distinction can realize multi-target simultaneous sending of ultrasonic positioning signals, and the signals between them will not be interfered with each other. There is no need for peak shift in time, which can effectively reduce the overall time required for multi-target positioning and ensure that the real-time performance of the system is not affected by the number of targets. Impact. In the embodiment of the present utility model, multi-target means that there are multiple intelligent positioning terminals 7 in the monitoring area, and multiple intelligent positioning terminals 7 can be positioned simultaneously.

In order to improve the positioning accuracy and reliability of the system, the orthogonality of the code is used to make the multipath signal separable. Considering that the direct path signal arrives first, the signal component that arrives first is selected, and other components are discarded, so as to solve the problem of indoor ultrasonic waves. Multipath effects due to reflections from objects. Since the target of positioning is a person who can move freely, the ultrasonic positioning signal will produce Doppler effect during the movement process, which will make the signal frequency shift. In order to solve the problems caused by the Doppler effect, before the ultrasonic spread-spectrum coding signal, the ultrasonic signal with a fixed frequency is transmitted first, so that the acoustic positioning beacon node can estimate the Doppler frequency shift, perform frequency compensation, and correct the movement caused by moving objects. Doppler effect on ultrasound signals.

When the wireless data transmission base station 3 processes the decoded information transmitted by the acoustic positioning beacon node 4, the wireless data transmission base station 3 needs to receive the positioning information transmitted by no less than four acoustic positioning beacon nodes 4, and the positioning The information includes the time when the ultrasonic positioning signal arrives at the acoustic positioning beacon node 4, and the wireless data transmission base station 3 calculates the time difference between the ultrasonic positioning signals sent by the intelligent positioning terminal 7 and arriving at different acoustic positioning beacon nodes 4 under the same time reference, using the trilateral The measurement method obtains the position coordinates of the operator wearing the intelligent positioning terminal 7 .

Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the intelligent positioning terminal 7 sends out a pseudo-randomly coded ultrasonic positioning signal, if no less than four acoustic positioning beacon nodes 4 (the position coordinates of these nodes are known) receive the ultrasonic signal, wireless The data transmission base station 3 can calculate the arrival time difference between the ultrasonic positioning signal sent by the intelligent positioning terminal 7 and each acoustic positioning beacon node 4 under the same time reference, and can calculate the distance between the intelligent positioning terminal 7 and at least three acoustic positioning signals. The distance between the marked nodes 4, and then using the principle of trilateration, can solve the position of the intelligent positioning terminal, so as to realize the function of precise positioning. As shown below:

M1, M2, M3, and M4 are all acoustic positioning beacon nodes 4, and their coordinates are M1 (X _M1 , Y _M1 ), M2 (X _M2 , Y _M2 ), M3 (X _M3 , Y _M3 ), M4 (X _M4 , Y _M4 ), P is the operator wearing the smart positioning terminal 7, its coordinates are P(X _P , Y _P ), d ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , d ₄ are the points from P to M1, M2, M3, M4 m ₂ , m ₃ , and m ₄ are the distance differences of d ₂ -d ₁ , d ₃ -d ₁ , and d ₄ -d ₁ respectively, and the formula is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000399205460000011.png,HDA0000399205460000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}\\ {\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000399205460000011.png,HDA0000399205460000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}\\ {\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA0000399205460000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\sqrt{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}\end{array}\right.$

Among them, m ₂ , m ₃ , and m ₄ can be determined by the time difference when the ultrasonic positioning signal arrives at M1 acoustic positioning beacon node 4, M2 acoustic positioning beacon node 4, M3 acoustic positioning beacon node 4, and M4 acoustic positioning beacon node 4. Obtaining and solving the above ternary quadratic equations, the coordinates P (X _P , Y _P ) of the operator P can be obtained, that is, the position coordinates of the operator wearing the intelligent positioning terminal 7 can be determined.

In the embodiment of the present utility model, the multi-target distinguishing ability is by distributing different pseudo-random codes CODE (i) to different intelligent positioning terminals 7, and i refers to the numbering of the intelligent positioning terminal 7, and these pseudo-random codes are relatively different from each other. Good cross-correlation, so that the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 can distinguish corresponding targets according to different pseudo-random codes. As shown in Figure 3:

During specific implementation, the four intelligent positioning terminals 7 are programmed with different random numbers, and the encoded ultrasonic positioning signals are sent through the loudspeaker 24, and the ultrasonic waves sent by No. 1 to No. 4 intelligent positioning terminals 7 are received at the acoustic positioning beacon node 4. Locate the signal, and decode it to identify the serial number of each intelligent positioning terminal 7 through different pseudo-random codes, and transmit the data marked with the arrival time information, the serial number of the intelligent positioning terminal 7 and the serial number of the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 through Ethernet To the wireless data transmission base station 3, the wireless data transmission base station 3 performs calculations to obtain the position information of the intelligent positioning terminals 7 numbered one to four.

In order to improve the positioning accuracy, the wireless data transmission base station 4 performs time synchronization of the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 through wireless radio frequency, and the wireless transmission base station 3 sends out a short-distance wireless radio frequency signal (that is, a time synchronization signal) to synchronize the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 To ensure that the time error between the acoustic positioning beacon nodes 4 is within 5 μs, the implementation process is as follows: the wireless data transmission base station 3 sends a time synchronization signal containing the system time T, and the intelligent positioning terminal 7 and the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 respectively Time synchronization signals are received at time T3 and T2. After a certain period of time, the intelligent positioning terminal 7 sends a response packet at T4, and the response packet sent by the intelligent positioning terminal 7 contains a time interval Ts, where Ts=T4-T3, and the nearby acoustic positioning beacon node 4 receives the response packet at T5 . T is the internal absolute time of the wireless data base station 3, that is, the global time, T2 is the internal absolute time of the acoustic positioning beacon node 4, T3 is the internal absolute time of the intelligent positioning terminal 7, T4 is the internal absolute time of the intelligent positioning terminal 7, Ts is the time difference between T4-T3, T5 is the absolute time inside the acoustic positioning beacon node 4, Tr is the absolute internal time of the acoustic positioning beacon node 4, (Tr and T1 are the same point in physical time, but the reference objects are different), get

Tr=2*T2-T5+Ts, Tr is the relative time of the global time of T1 at 4 o'clock of the acoustic positioning beacon node, and its timing is shown in Figure 4: Through the above-mentioned time synchronization process, the introduction of radio frequency chips in the process of sending and receiving can be shielded. The error, part of the data packet transmission delay error, can be achieved with a very small signal bandwidth occupancy, and the time synchronization of a large number of beacon nodes. The actual working process is as follows: the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 receives the ultrasonic positioning signal at Tc, Tc is the internal absolute time of the acoustic positioning beacon node 4, which needs to be converted into the global time Ta: Ta=Tc–T2+Tr, Ta is the acoustic positioning signal The global time when the positioning beacon node 4 receives the ultrasonic positioning signal.

Further, the intelligent positioning terminal 7 measures the terminal environment temperature and humidity value of the environment where the intelligent positioning terminal 7 is located, and transmits the terminal environment temperature and humidity value to the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 through the ultrasonic positioning signal; The beacon node 4 simultaneously measures the node environment temperature and humidity value of the environment where the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 is located, and the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 transmits the decoded terminal environment temperature and humidity value and the node environment temperature and humidity value to the wireless data The transmission base station 3, the wireless data transmission base station 3 performs temperature and humidity compensation on the positioning information after processing the terminal environment temperature and humidity values and the node environment temperature and humidity values.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the processing of the wireless data transmission base station 3 on the temperature and humidity of the terminal environment and the temperature and humidity of the node environment includes calculating the average value of the temperature and humidity of the terminal environment and the temperature and humidity of the node environment. Correct the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the monitoring area to reduce the positioning coordinate calculation error caused by the sound propagation speed error and improve the calculation accuracy.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the wireless data transmission base station 3 uses the average value of temperature and humidity to correct the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the monitoring area, specifically:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}\sqrt{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.3192</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}$

Among them, v is the ultrasonic propagation velocity under the actual temperature from the intelligent positioning terminal 7 to the acoustic positioning beacon node 4, t is the indoor average temperature, t=(t _z +t _j )2, and t _z is measured by the intelligent positioning terminal 7 Temperature value, t _j is the temperature value measured by the acoustic positioning beacon node 4, v ₀ is the ultrasonic propagation velocity in the gas at 0°C, T0 is the thermodynamic temperature value at 0°C, p is the standard atmospheric pressure, and ps is the air at room temperature Saturation vapor pressure of , r relative humidity, r=(r _z +r _j )2, r _z is the humidity value measured by the intelligent positioning terminal 7, r _j is the humidity value measured by the acoustic positioning beacon node 4, so as to obtain the distance difference The value is corrected to:

m ₂ =v _pm2 (T _m2 -T _m1 );

m ₃ =v _pm3 (T _m3 -T _m1 );

m ₄ =v _pm4 (T _m4 -T _m1 );

Among them, v _pm2 is the actual speed of sound from the intelligent positioning terminal 7 to the M2 sound positioning signal node 7, v _pm3 is the actual sound speed from the intelligent positioning terminal 4 to the M3 sound positioning beacon node 4, and v _pm4 is the sound positioning from the intelligent positioning terminal 7 to the M4 sound positioning The actual speed of sound of beacon node 4, T _m1 , T _m2 , T _m3 , T _m4 are the ultrasonic signals arriving at M1 acoustic positioning node 4, M2 acoustic positioning beacon node 4, M3 acoustic positioning beacon node 4, and M4 acoustic positioning signal respectively. The absolute moment marked node 4.

The wireless data transmission base station 3 is connected with the background monitoring server 6, and the wireless data transmission base station 3 transmits the position coordinates of the operator wearing the intelligent positioning terminal 7 to the background monitoring server 6, so as to form the movement of the operator in the background monitoring server 6. Tracking. The background monitoring server 6 is connected to the wireless data transmission base station 3 through the base station connector 5, and the base station connector 5 can adopt matching equipment such as a signal collector or a hub. The background monitoring server 6 can provide an alarm basis for illegal operation behaviors such as out-of-range, over-time, wrong operation object, or breach of safety measures according to the positioning coordinate information fed back by the wireless data transmission base station 3, so as to ensure that the operators are safe during operation. security.

As shown in Figure 9: described intelligent positioning terminal 7 comprises terminal processor 16, and the output terminal of described terminal processor 16 is connected with loudspeaker 24 through audio frequency DAC circuit 22, power amplifier 23, and the input terminal of terminal processor 16 is connected with terminal The temperature and humidity sensor 19 is connected, and the terminal processor 16 is also connected with the terminal wireless communication module 21 .

Specifically, terminal processor 16 can adopt commonly used micro-processing chips, such as single-chip microcomputer etc., and terminal processor 16 sends out the signal after encoding through audio frequency DAC circuit 22, power amplifier 23 and loudspeaker 24 in the ultrasonic form, and terminal processor 16 A number is preset so that the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 can distinguish and identify. The terminal temperature and humidity sensor 19 transmits the collected temperature and humidity values to the terminal processor 16, the terminal wireless communication module 21 is used for wireless connection with the wireless data transmission base station 3, and the terminal wireless communication module 21 and the base station wireless communication module 27 can match connection, the terminal wireless communication module 21 can adopt the wireless communication form of 2.4GHz, the power terminal of the terminal processor 16 is connected with the lithium battery 17 through the power manager 18, and the whole intelligent positioning terminal 7 can be powered by the lithium battery 17, and the power management The device 18 can manage the working state of the lithium battery 17. The terminal processor 16 is also connected to a terminal interface circuit 20, and the terminal interface circuit 20 may adopt a USB or RS232 interface form.

Each intelligent positioning terminal 7 is equipped with a fixed pseudo-random code number. After receiving the wireless time synchronization signal sent by the wireless data transmission base station 3 for time synchronization, it will be pre-programmed into an ultrasonic positioning signal code stream and sent to the audio DAC circuit 22. The audio DAC circuit 22 converts the digital code stream into an analog signal, amplifies the coded signal through the power amplifier 23, and the speaker 24 converts the amplified analog signal into a sound wave signal and spreads it into the air.

As shown in Figure 6: the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 includes a node processor 8, the input end of the node processor 8 is connected with the MEMS microphone 10 through the sound wave receiving circuit 11, and the node processor 8 is also connected with the node wireless communication module 12 and The node Ethernet module 15 is connected, and the input end of the node processor 8 is also connected with the node temperature and humidity sensor 14 .

Specifically, the node processor 8 can also use a commonly used micro-processing chip. The node processor 8 is connected to the wireless data transmission base station 3 through the node wireless communication module 12 to realize the required time synchronization. The node 4 realizes the Ethernet connection between the node Ethernet module 15 and the wireless data transmission base station 3, and the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 transmits the decoded ultrasonic positioning information and all temperature and humidity values to the wireless data transmission base station 3 through the Ethernet Inside. The power supply terminal of the node processor 8 is connected to the node power supply 9, and the node processor 8 is also connected to the node interface circuit 13, and the node interface circuit 13 includes a USB (Universal Serial Bus) or RS232 interface. The node processor 8 receives the ultrasonic positioning signal sent by the intelligent positioning terminal 7 through the MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanic System) microphone 10. The ultrasonic positioning signal is processed by the acoustic wave receiving circuit 11 and then transmitted to the node processor 8. The node processor 8. Decoding the ultrasonic positioning signal.

As shown in Figure 7: the sound wave receiving circuit 11 includes an operational amplifier U1, an input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with one end of the first capacitor C1 and an end of the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the first capacitor C1. One end of the resistor R1, one end of the second resistor R2 and one end of the second capacitor C2 are connected, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the MEMS microphone 10, the other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the The output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the node processor 8 through the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 30 , and the other input end of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded through the third resistor R3.

As shown in Figure 8: MEMS microphone 10 receives the ultrasonic positioning signal in the space, converts it into analog signal through sound wave receiving circuit 11, filters out the frequency band information other than ultrasonic signal, samples by analog-to-digital conversion circuit 30, and analog The signal is converted into digital data, which enters the node processor 8 .

The node processor 8 first performs down-conversion processing on the signal to obtain the data E, so as to reduce the amount of data calculation and speed up the data processing speed. Afterwards, the discrete Fourier calculation is performed to obtain the corresponding frequency domain data F, and only the valid data near the ultrasonic frequency band is retained in the data, and the other frequency band data are discarded to obtain G. The corresponding data H is obtained by multiplying G and the frequency domain data of the random code CODE(i) and analyzed, and then the data H is descattered and Fourier calculated to obtain K. Calculate the average difference method of K data to find out whether there is an obvious peak in the K data, and if so, record the time T of the peak and compare the index number i of CODE (1), the time T of the peak and the temperature and humidity sensor pair with the air measurement value F, uploading to the wireless data transmission base station 3 via Ethernet. If not, select another random code CODE(i) for matching until a matching one is found.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the wireless data transmission base station 3 includes a base station processor 25 , and the base station processor 25 is connected to a base station wireless communication module 27 and a base station Ethernet module 29 respectively.

The base station processor 25 can adopt commonly used micro-processing chips, the base station processor 25 can carry out time synchronization to the intelligent positioning terminal 7 and the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 through the base station wireless communication module 27, and the base station processor 25 can carry out time synchronization through the base station Ethernet module 29 Perform required data transmission with the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 . The power supply terminal of the base station processor 25 is connected to the base station power supply 26, and the base station processor 25 is also connected to the base station interface data 28, and the base station interface circuit 28 includes a USB interface or an RS232 interface.

The base station processor 25 receives the data transmitted by the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 through the Ethernet, analyzes the data, and sends out the peak time T, temperature and humidity value F, and the intelligent positioning terminal 7 contained in the data packet through each acoustic positioning beacon node 4. Analyze the number i data, and calculate the position of each intelligent positioning terminal 7 according to the arrival time difference method, and use different sound wave propagation speeds to calculate according to different T values, and identify different intelligent positioning terminals 7 according to i. During the entire positioning process, the wireless data transmission base station is responsible for the time synchronization master position, and performs time synchronization for the entire network when sending wireless time synchronization frames at regular intervals.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5: the operator wears the intelligent positioning terminal 7 and starts the intelligent positioning terminal 7 before entering the monitoring area, and the intelligent positioning terminal 7 then always monitors the time synchronization signal transmitted by the wireless data transmission base station 3. When entering the wireless communication coverage area of the wireless data transmission base station 3, the intelligent positioning terminal 7 receives the time synchronization signal sent by the wireless data transmission base station 3 at intervals, and performs time synchronization with the acoustic positioning beacon node 4, and sends the signal after every set time Ultrasonic positioning signal, in the embodiment of the utility model, the ultrasonic positioning signal includes the temperature and humidity value of the terminal environment for measuring the environment where the intelligent positioning terminal 7 is located. The acoustic positioning beacon node 4 installed in the substation 2 receives the ultrasonic positioning signal, decodes the ultrasonic positioning signal, and sends it to the wireless data transmission base station 3 via Ethernet for processing. The wireless data transmission base station 3 receives the data transmitted by each acoustic positioning beacon node 4, and calculates the position coordinates of the intelligent positioning terminal 7 by using the trilateration method by calculating the time difference between the arrival of the ultrasonic signal at different acoustic positioning beacon nodes 4, that is, the solution calculates The indoor position coordinates of the intelligent positioning terminal 7, and use adaptive signal processing to track the movement trajectory of the target person wearing the intelligent positioning terminal. The background monitoring server 6 judges whether the operator is in a safe position according to the position coordinates of the operator, and gives an alarm prompt.

The ultrasonic signal sent by the intelligent positioning terminal 7 of the utility model adopts ultrasonic spread spectrum coding, and the transmission distance of the ultrasonic signal is doubled under the same power output. Different random codes are set in the intelligent positioning terminal 7, and the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 can simultaneously Identify the ultrasonic positioning signals sent by multiple intelligent positioning terminals 7, and at the same time have high real-time performance, the positioning time period is extremely short, and can effectively resist the multipath effect caused by the reflection of buildings and other solids, and can effectively resist the target The Doppler effect generated during the movement has high reliability and positioning accuracy. The wireless time synchronization technology between the wireless data transmission base station 3, the acoustic positioning beacon node 4 and the intelligent positioning terminal 7 has the advantages of occupying very little wireless bandwidth, high precision, and a wide range of action. Carry out positioning, identify and dynamically locate the operator, ensure that the operator operates according to the regulations, and provide an alarm basis for illegal operations that exceed the range, exceed the time, operate the wrong object or destroy the safety measures, which is safe and reliable.

Claims (6)

1.Yi Zhong transformer station multiple goal Precise Position System, is characterized in that, described positioning system comprises intelligent locating terminal (7), acoustic fix ranging beaconing nodes (4) and Wireless Data Transmission base station (3), wherein:

Intelligence locating terminal (7), be worn on it operating personnel, after receiving the time synchronizing signal sending Wireless Data Transmission base station (3), can to acoustic fix ranging beaconing nodes (4), carry out time synchronized with after acoustic fix ranging beaconing nodes (4) coordinate, after time synchronized completes, send ultrasound wave positioning signal;

Acoustic fix ranging beaconing nodes (4), is fixed in setting space and has particular location coordinate, can transmit the time synchronizing signal of base station (3) transmission and the ultrasound wave positioning signal that intelligent locating terminal (7) sends by receiving radio data; After receiving time synchronizing signal, by coordinating laggard line time to synchronize with intelligent locating terminal (7), the ultrasonic signal that can send intelligent locating terminal (7) decodes to obtain locating information, and locating information is transferred to Wireless Data Transmission base station (3);

Wireless Data Transmission base station (3), is installed in setting space, obtains wearing the operating personnel's of intelligent locating terminal (7) position coordinates according to the locating information of acoustic fix ranging beaconing nodes (4) transmission after processing.

2. transformer station according to claim 1 multiple goal Precise Position System, it is characterized in that: described Wireless Data Transmission base station (3) is connected with background monitoring server (6), Wireless Data Transmission base station (3) transfers to the position coordinates of wearing the operating personnel of intelligent locating terminal (7) in background monitoring server (6), to form operating personnel's motion track in background monitoring server (6), follows the tracks of.

3. transformer station according to claim 1 multiple goal Precise Position System, is characterized in that: described acoustic fix ranging beaconing nodes (4) transfers to Wireless Data Transmission base station (3) by Ethernet by locating information.

4. transformer station according to claim 1 multiple goal Precise Position System, it is characterized in that: described intelligent locating terminal (7) comprises terminal handler (16), the output terminal of described terminal handler (16) is connected with loudspeaker (24) by audio frequency DAC circuit (22), power amplifier (23), the input end of terminal handler (16) is connected with terminal Temperature Humidity Sensor (19), and terminal handler (16) is also connected with terminal wireless communication module (21).

5. transformer station according to claim 1 multiple goal Precise Position System, it is characterized in that: described acoustic fix ranging beaconing nodes (4) comprises modal processor (8), the input end of modal processor (8) is connected with MEMS microphone (10) by sound wave receiving circuit (11), modal processor (8) is also connected with node wireless communication module (12) and node ethernet module (15), and the input end of modal processor (8) is also connected with node Temperature Humidity Sensor (14).

6. transformer station according to claim 1 multiple goal Precise Position System, it is characterized in that: described Wireless Data Transmission base station (3) comprises base station processor (25), described base station processor (25) is connected with base station radio communication module (27) and base station ethernet module (29) respectively.

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