CN203483748U - A smart wearable walker - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种助行器,具体为一种智能穿戴式助行器。The utility model relates to a walking aid, in particular to an intelligent wearable walking aid.
背景技术Background technique
行走是人类日常生活中重复最多的一种动作,步行能力低下的原因可以有很多种,主要包括颅脑损伤、中枢系统损伤和各类周围神经系统病变导致的胫骨前肌无力等;最典型的病症表现例如中风、脑外伤、脊髓损伤和疾病、偏瘫、脑瘫等导致的足内翻、足下垂。患者是否具有良好的步行能力直接关系到他们的独立生活能力、生活质量以及回归融入社会的期望。因此,在各类异常步态的病症中,恢复患者的步行能力是最主要的康复目标。以典型中风为例,随着人口老龄化、社会变革带来的心理压力增加及膳食结构的改变,中风发病呈上升趋势。我国中风发病率为120-180/10万,是美国的2倍,死亡率60-120/10万,幸存者中85%留有运动功能障碍,不同程度丧失劳动能力,给家庭和社会造成沉重的负担,据卫生部统计,每年全国因本病支出的医疗、康复、护理费用接近400亿元。因此,设计一种穿戴式的可普遍为更多人群服务的助行器,成为现今社会状况的迫切要求和趋势。Walking is one of the most repeated actions in human daily life. There are many reasons for poor walking ability, including craniocerebral injury, central system injury, and tibialis anterior muscle weakness caused by various peripheral nervous system lesions; the most typical Disease manifestations such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury and disease, hemiplegia, cerebral palsy, etc. cause foot inversion and foot drop. Whether patients have good walking ability is directly related to their independent living ability, quality of life and expectation of reintegration into society. Therefore, in all kinds of abnormal gait diseases, restoring the patient's walking ability is the most important rehabilitation goal. Taking typical stroke as an example, with the aging of the population, the increase in psychological pressure brought about by social changes, and the change in dietary structure, the incidence of stroke is on the rise. The incidence of stroke in my country is 120-180/100,000, twice that of the United States, and the mortality rate is 60-120/100,000. 85% of the survivors have motor dysfunction and lose the ability to work to varying degrees, causing heavy burdens to families and society. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Health, the medical, rehabilitation and nursing expenses of this disease are close to 40 billion yuan every year. Therefore, designing a wearable walking aid that can generally serve more people has become an urgent requirement and trend in today's society.
现有的助行器主要分为三种形式:机械结构式、植入神经式电刺激和外部电刺激式。机械结构式存在的问题是体积大,负荷重,使用不方便,易对患者造成皮肤磨损,外形古怪,易让用户产生自卑感。植入神经式电刺激存在的问题是需手术植入,增加了对病人的创伤,植入体内材料组织相容性风险大,体外导线复杂,肢体残疾病人不宜操作,整体治疗费用很高。外部电刺激式分为穿戴式和非穿戴式,非穿戴式存在的问题是用户不方便使用,一些附加智能步态分析功能,需要医生的辅助设置,用户不能完全独立操作;价格相对昂贵,市场普及率低。Existing walking aids are mainly divided into three types: mechanical structure type, implanted nerve type electrical stimulation and external electrical stimulation type. The problems of the mechanical structure are that it is bulky, heavy in load, inconvenient to use, easy to cause skin wear and tear on the patient, and has an odd shape, which easily makes the user feel inferior. The problems of implanted neural electrical stimulation are that surgical implantation is required, which increases the trauma to the patient, the risk of histocompatibility of the material implanted in the body is high, the external wire is complicated, and it is not suitable for patients with physical disabilities, and the overall treatment cost is high. External electrical stimulation is divided into wearable and non-wearable. The problem of non-wearable is that it is inconvenient for users to use. Some additional intelligent gait analysis functions require a doctor's auxiliary settings, and users cannot operate completely independently; the price is relatively expensive, and the market Low penetration.
中国实用新型专利申请说明书“实用电子助行器”(申请号89215145.5,公告日1991年8月14日)公开了一种适用于因中枢神经受损而致下肢运动障碍病人的电子助行器,包括一个受控脉冲发生器、一个脚踏开关、一对体内电极和与之相配的体外保护装置。该装置存在体内电极,需手术植入,增加了对病人的创伤。Chinese Utility Model Patent Application Specification "Practical Electronic Walking Aid" (Application No. 89215145.5, Announcement Date: August 14, 1991) discloses an electronic walking aid suitable for patients with movement disorders of lower limbs due to damage to the central nervous system. It includes a controlled pulse generator, a foot switch, a pair of internal electrodes and matching external protection devices. There are electrodes in the body of the device, which need to be surgically implanted, which increases the trauma to the patient.
中国发明专利公开说明书“电子助行器”(公开号CN86100635A,公开日1987年8月19日)公开了一种对动物及人体肢体机能进行电刺激从而实现助行与治疗功能的仪器,包括一个脉冲发生器、一个输出电压选择器、一对刺激电极、一个步行控制开关和一功能扩展器。该种助行器需要将刺激电极的正负电极片固定在患者膝关节下内、外侧并将一片电极固定于腓骨小头下然后通电,不方便使用。Chinese Invention Patent Publication "Electronic Walking Aid" (publication number CN86100635A, published on August 19, 1987) discloses an instrument that electrically stimulates the limbs of animals and humans to achieve walking and therapeutic functions, including a A pulse generator, an output voltage selector, a pair of stimulating electrodes, a walking control switch and a function expander. This kind of walking aid needs to fix the positive and negative electrode sheets of the stimulating electrode on the inner and outer sides of the patient's knee joint and fix a piece of electrode under the fibula capillary and then electrify, which is inconvenient to use.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型针对以上问题的提出,而研制一种智能穿戴式助行器。The utility model aims at the above problems, and develops an intelligent wearable walker.
本实用新型的技术手段如下:The technical means of the present utility model are as follows:
一种智能穿戴式助行器,包括穿戴式保护结构和安装在穿戴式保护结构上的第一调控部;所述穿戴式保护结构中设有一对左腿电极和一对右腿电极;An intelligent wearable walking aid, comprising a wearable protective structure and a first regulating part installed on the wearable protective structure; a pair of left leg electrodes and a pair of right leg electrodes are arranged in the wearable protective structure;
所述第一调控部包括:The first regulation unit includes:
与一对左腿电极和一对右腿电极相连接,用于产生宽度、幅度和频率可调脉冲的脉冲发生器;所述一对左腿电极和一对右腿电极根据脉冲发生器产生的脉冲,相应地刺激患者小腿;Connected with a pair of left-leg electrodes and a pair of right-leg electrodes, a pulse generator for generating pulses with adjustable width, amplitude and frequency; said pair of left-leg electrodes and a pair of right-leg electrodes are generated according to the pulse, stimulating the patient's lower leg accordingly;
用于存储夹角阈值的第一存储器;A first memory for storing the included angle threshold;
用于感应患者的行走步幅、步速和步频的步幅传感器;A stride sensor for sensing the patient's walking stride, pace and cadence;
用于感应患者小腿与冠状轴和/或垂直轴的夹角的第一角度传感器;a first angle sensor for sensing the angle between the patient's calf and the coronal and/or vertical axes;
与脉冲发生器、第一存储器、步幅传感器和第一角度传感器相连接,用于当所述第一角度传感器感应到患者小腿与冠状轴和/或垂直轴的夹角大于或等于所述第一存储器存储的所述夹角阈值时,控制脉冲发生器开始工作、停止工作以及发出与所述步幅传感器感应到的行走步幅、步速和步频相应的脉冲信号的第一控制器;It is connected with the pulse generator, the first memory, the stride sensor and the first angle sensor, and is used for when the first angle sensor senses that the included angle between the patient's calf and the coronal axis and/or the vertical axis is greater than or equal to the first angle sensor. When the included angle threshold is stored in a memory, a first controller that controls the pulse generator to start working, stop working and send pulse signals corresponding to the walking stride, pace and pace sensed by the stride sensor;
连接第一控制器的第一蓝牙适配器;a first bluetooth adapter connected to the first controller;
所述穿戴式助行器还包括腕式调控结构和安装在腕式调控结构上的第二调控部;The wearable walker also includes a wrist-type control structure and a second control part installed on the wrist-type control structure;
所述第二调控部包括:The second regulation unit includes:
用于监测患者脉搏波信号的脉搏传感器;A pulse sensor for monitoring the patient's pulse wave signal;
用于存储患者正常脉搏范围的第二存储器;a second memory for storing the patient's normal pulse range;
与第一蓝牙适配器相连接的第二蓝牙适配器;a second bluetooth adapter connected to the first bluetooth adapter;
连接脉搏传感器和第二存储器,以及通过第二蓝牙适配器、第一蓝牙适配器与安装在穿戴式保护结构上的第一控制器相连接,用于判断脉搏传感器监测的患者脉搏波信号值是否在第二存储器所存储的患者正常脉搏范围内,根据脉搏传感器监测的患者脉搏波信号值未在第二存储器所存储的患者正常脉搏范围内的判断结果发出停止工作信号通过第一控制器给脉冲发生器的第二控制器;Connect the pulse sensor and the second memory, and connect with the first controller installed on the wearable protective structure through the second bluetooth adapter and the first bluetooth adapter, to judge whether the pulse wave signal value of the patient monitored by the pulse sensor is the first Within the normal pulse range of the patient stored in the second memory, according to the judgment result that the pulse wave signal value of the patient monitored by the pulse sensor is not within the normal pulse range of the patient stored in the second memory, a stop signal is sent to the pulse generator through the first controller the second controller of
进一步地,所述第二调控部还包括与第二控制器相连接的显示屏;所述第二控制器控制显示屏实时显示脉搏传感器所监测的患者脉搏波信号值、脉冲发生器产生脉冲的宽度值、幅度值和频率值;Further, the second control section also includes a display screen connected to the second controller; the second controller controls the display screen to display in real time the patient's pulse wave signal value monitored by the pulse sensor, the pulse generator generated pulse Width value, amplitude value and frequency value;
进一步地,所述第二调控部还包括:Further, the second regulation unit also includes:
用于感应左臂与身体上部的夹角的第二角度传感器;A second angle sensor for sensing the angle between the left arm and the upper body;
用于感应右臂与身体上部的夹角的第三角度传感器;A third angle sensor for sensing the angle between the right arm and the upper body;
连接第二角度传感器、第三角度传感器,以及通过第二蓝牙适配器、第一蓝牙适配器与安装在穿戴式保护结构上的第一控制器相连接,用于根据第二角度传感器所感应的左臂与身体上部的夹角变化和第三角度传感器所感应的右臂与身体上部的夹角变化发出开始工作信号通过第一控制器给脉冲发生器的第三控制器;Connect the second angle sensor, the third angle sensor, and connect with the first controller installed on the wearable protective structure through the second bluetooth adapter and the first bluetooth adapter, for the left arm sensed by the second angle sensor The angle change between the right arm and the upper part of the body and the angle change between the right arm and the upper part of the body sensed by the third angle sensor send a start signal to the third controller of the pulse generator through the first controller;
连接第三控制器,用于控制第三控制器工作或停止的使能开关;Connected to the third controller, used to control the enable switch of the third controller to work or stop;
进一步地,所述第二调控部还包括:通过第二蓝牙适配器、第一蓝牙适配器与安装在穿戴式保护结构上的第一控制器相连接,用于用户手动调节脉冲发生器输出脉冲的宽度值、幅度值和频率值的旋转式电位器;Further, the second regulating part also includes: connecting the first bluetooth adapter and the first controller installed on the wearable protective structure through the second bluetooth adapter, for the user to manually adjust the width of the pulse generator output pulse Rotary potentiometers for value, amplitude value and frequency value;
进一步地,所述第一调控部和第二调控部分别还包括用于提供工作电源的第一电源和第二电源;Further, the first regulating part and the second regulating part further include a first power supply and a second power supply for providing working power, respectively;
进一步地,所述第二调控部还包括与第二控制器相连接,用于当脉搏传感器监测的患者脉搏波信号值未在第二存储器所存储的患者正常脉搏范围内时进行报警提示的报警器;Further, the second regulation part also includes an alarm that is connected to the second controller and is used for alarming when the pulse wave signal value of the patient monitored by the pulse sensor is not within the normal pulse range of the patient stored in the second memory device;
进一步地,所述第一控制器采用单片机U3;所述第一存储器采用24AA128芯片U2;所述第一角度传感器和步幅传感器与单片机U3的AD口相连接;所述第一蓝牙适配器通过USB-RS232接口转换器与单片机U3的串口相连接;所述脉冲发生器包括与单片机U3的PC1口相连接的Boost升压电路、与Boost升压电路输出端相连接的取样电路、与单片机U3的PC2和PC3口相连接的脉冲生成电路、以及脉冲变压器T1和T2;所述脉冲变压器T1次级线圈与一对左腿电极相连接;所述脉冲变压器T2次级线圈与一对右腿电极相连接;所述脉冲变压器T1次级线圈与一对左腿电极相连接;Further, the first controller adopts a single-chip microcomputer U3; the first memory adopts a 24AA128 chip U2; the first angle sensor and the stride sensor are connected to the AD port of the single-chip microcomputer U3; -RS232 interface converter is connected with the serial port of single-chip microcomputer U3; Described pulse generator comprises the Boost voltage boosting circuit that is connected with the PC1 mouth of single-chip microcomputer U3, the sampling circuit that is connected with the output end of Boost voltage boosting circuit, and the single-chip microcomputer U3 A pulse generating circuit connected to PC2 and PC3 ports, and pulse transformers T1 and T2; the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T1 is connected with a pair of left leg electrodes; the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2 is connected with a pair of right leg electrodes connected; the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T1 is connected with a pair of left leg electrodes;
进一步地,所述Boost升压电路包括电池BAT、储能电感L1、开关管Q1、续流二极管D1和电容C9;所述电池BAT提供5V电源;所述开关管Q1栅极连接有驱动电路,该驱动电路由基极驱动电阻R2、晶体管Q2、上拉电阻R3和栅极驱动电阻R1组成;所述单片机U3的PC1口通过基极驱动电阻R2连接晶体管Q2基极;所述晶体管Q2发射极接地,其集电极通过上拉电阻R3与5V电源相连接;所述晶体管Q2集电极通过栅极驱动电阻R1连接开关管Q1栅极;Further, the Boost boost circuit includes a battery BAT, an energy storage inductor L1, a switch tube Q1, a freewheeling diode D1, and a capacitor C9; the battery BAT provides a 5V power supply; the gate of the switch tube Q1 is connected to a drive circuit, The drive circuit is composed of base drive resistor R2, transistor Q2, pull-up resistor R3 and gate drive resistor R1; the PC1 port of the single chip microcomputer U3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2 through the base drive resistor R2; the emitter of the transistor Q2 Grounded, its collector is connected to the 5V power supply through the pull-up resistor R3; the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the switching tube Q1 through the gate drive resistor R1;
进一步地,所述取样电路包括由电阻R5、R6组成的分压电路和反相输入端与分压电路相连接的电压跟随器U4;所述电压跟随器U4输出端与单片机U3的AD口相连接;Further, the sampling circuit includes a voltage divider circuit composed of resistors R5 and R6 and a voltage follower U4 whose inverting input terminal is connected to the voltage divider circuit; the output terminal of the voltage follower U4 is in phase with the AD port of the single chip microcomputer U3 connect;
进一步地,所述取样电路脉冲生成电路包括通过电阻R14与单片机U3的PC2口相连接的晶体管Q4、通过电阻R15与单片机U3的PC3口相连接的晶体管Q3、开关管Q5、以及开关管Q6;所述晶体管Q3发射极接地,其集电极通过上拉电阻R12与5V电源相连接;所述晶体管Q4集电极通过栅极驱动电阻R13连接开关管Q5栅极;所述晶体管Q4发射极接地,其集电极通过上拉电阻R15与5V电源相连接;所述晶体管Q4集电极通过栅极驱动电阻R16连接开关管Q6栅极;所述开关管Q6漏极通过脉冲变压器T2初级线圈连接Boost升压电路输出正端;所述开关管Q5漏极通过脉冲变压器T1初级线圈连接Boost升压电路输出正端;所述开关管Q6源极和开关管Q5源极接地。Further, the sampling circuit pulse generating circuit includes a transistor Q4 connected to the PC2 port of the single-chip microcomputer U3 through a resistor R14, a transistor Q3 connected to the PC3 port of the single-chip microcomputer U3 through a resistor R15, a switch tube Q5, and a switch tube Q6; The emitter of the transistor Q3 is grounded, and its collector is connected to the 5V power supply through the pull-up resistor R12; the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the grid of the switching tube Q5 through the gate drive resistor R13; the emitter of the transistor Q4 is grounded, and its The collector is connected to the 5V power supply through the pull-up resistor R15; the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the gate of the switching tube Q6 through the gate driving resistor R16; the drain of the switching tube Q6 is connected to the Boost circuit through the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2 The positive output terminal; the drain of the switching tube Q5 is connected to the positive output terminal of the boost circuit through the primary coil of the pulse transformer T1; the source of the switching tube Q6 and the source of the switching tube Q5 are grounded.
由于采用了上述技术方案,本实用新型提供的一种智能穿戴式助行器,通过一种简单的结构实现了适时的对应左腿和右腿的动作和运动状态施放脉冲信号,使足背伸及小腿伸展,实现了脉冲发生器施放脉冲信号的时机跟随患者的运动适时进行,以保证与患者正常行走一致,本实用新型体积小,便于患者携带和使用,结构简单,不仅便于生产,而且成本非常低廉适于广泛推广。Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the smart wearable walker provided by the utility model realizes the timely release of pulse signals corresponding to the actions and motion states of the left and right legs through a simple structure, so that the dorsum of the foot can be stretched. And calf stretching, realizes that the timing of the pulse generator to release the pulse signal follows the patient's movement in a timely manner to ensure that it is consistent with the patient's normal walking. Very cheap and suitable for wide distribution.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;
图2是本实用新型所述穿戴式保护结构的俯视结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the wearable protective structure described in the present invention;
图3是本实用新型的结构框图;Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the utility model;
图4是本实用新型所述穿戴式保护结构的电路原理图;Fig. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of the wearable protective structure described in the utility model;
图中:1为穿戴式保护结构,2、3为左腿电极,4、5为右腿电极,6为第一调控部,7、腕式调控结构,8、第二调控部。In the figure: 1 is the wearable protective structure, 2 and 3 are the left leg electrodes, 4 and 5 are the right leg electrodes, 6 is the first control part, 7 is the wrist control structure, and 8 is the second control part.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1、图2、图3和图4所示的一种智能穿戴式助行器,包括穿戴式保护结构1和安装在穿戴式保护结构1上的第一调控部6;所述穿戴式保护结构1中设有一对左腿电极2,3和一对右腿电极4,5;所述第一调控部6包括:与一对左腿电极2,3和一对右腿电极4,5相连接,用于产生宽度、幅度和频率可调脉冲的脉冲发生器;所述一对左腿电极2,3和一对右腿电极4,5根据脉冲发生器产生的脉冲,相应地刺激患者小腿;用于存储夹角阈值的第一存储器;用于感应患者的行走步幅、步速和步频的步幅传感器;用于感应患者小腿与冠状轴和/或垂直轴的夹角的第一角度传感器;与脉冲发生器、第一存储器、步幅传感器和第一角度传感器相连接,用于当所述第一角度传感器感应到患者小腿与冠状轴和/或垂直轴的夹角大于或等于所述第一存储器存储的所述夹角阈值时,控制脉冲发生器开始工作、停止工作以及发出与所述步幅传感器感应到的行走步幅、步速和步频相应的脉冲信号的第一控制器;连接第一控制器的第一蓝牙适配器;所述穿戴式助行器还包括腕式调控结构7和安装在腕式调控结构7上的第二调控部8;所述第二调控部8包括:用于监测患者脉搏波信号的脉搏传感器;用于存储患者正常脉搏范围的第二存储器;与第一蓝牙适配器相连接的第二蓝牙适配器;连接脉搏传感器和第二存储器,以及通过第二蓝牙适配器、第一蓝牙适配器与安装在穿戴式保护结构1上的第一控制器相连接,用于判断脉搏传感器监测的患者脉搏波信号值是否在第二存储器所存储的患者正常脉搏范围内,根据脉搏传感器监测的患者脉搏波信号值未在第二存储器所存储的患者正常脉搏范围内的判断结果发出停止工作信号通过第一控制器给脉冲发生器的第二控制器;进一步地,所述第二调控部8还包括与第二控制器相连接的显示屏;所述第二控制器控制显示屏实时显示脉搏传感器所监测的患者脉搏波信号值、脉冲发生器产生脉冲的宽度值、幅度值和频率值;进一步地,所述第二调控部8还包括:用于感应左臂与身体上部的夹角的第二角度传感器;用于感应右臂与身体上部的夹角的第三角度传感器;连接第二角度传感器、第三角度传感器,以及通过第二蓝牙适配器、第一蓝牙适配器与安装在穿戴式保护结构1上的第一控制器相连接,用于根据第二角度传感器所感应的左臂与身体上部的夹角变化和第三角度传感器所感应的右臂与身体上部的夹角变化发出开始工作信号通过第一控制器给脉冲发生器的第三控制器;连接第三控制器,用于控制第三控制器工作或停止的使能开关;进一步地,所述第二调控部8还包括:通过第二蓝牙适配器、第一蓝牙适配器与安装在穿戴式保护结构1上的第一控制器相连接,用于用户手动调节脉冲发生器输出脉冲的宽度值、幅度值和频率值的旋转式电位器;进一步地,所述第一调控部6和第二调控部8分别还包括用于提供工作电源的第一电源和第二电源;进一步地,所述第一控制器采用单片机U3;所述第一存储器采用24AA128芯片U2;所述第一角度传感器和步幅传感器与单片机U3的AD口相连接;所述第一蓝牙适配器通过USB-RS232接口转换器如PL2303芯片与单片机U3的串口相连接;所述脉冲发生器包括与单片机U3的PC1口相连接的Boost升压电路、与Boost升压电路输出端相连接的取样电路、与单片机U3的PC2和PC3口相连接的脉冲生成电路、以及脉冲变压器T1和T2;所述脉冲变压器T1次级线圈与一对左腿电极相连接;所述脉冲变压器T2次级线圈与一对右腿电极相连接;所述脉冲变压器T1次级线圈与一对左腿电极相连接;进一步地,所述Boost升压电路包括电池BAT、储能电感L1、开关管Q1、续流二极管D1和电容C9;所述电池BAT提供5V电源;所述开关管Q1栅极连接有驱动电路,该驱动电路由基极驱动电阻R2、晶体管Q2、上拉电阻R3和栅极驱动电阻R1组成;所述单片机U3的PC1口通过基极驱动电阻R2连接晶体管Q2基极;所述晶体管Q2发射极接地,其集电极通过上拉电阻R3与5V电源相连接;所述晶体管Q2集电极通过栅极驱动电阻R1连接开关管Q1栅极;进一步地,所述取样电路包括由电阻R5、R6组成的分压电路和反相输入端与分压电路相连接的电压跟随器U4;所述电压跟随器U4输出端与单片机U3的AD口相连接;进一步地,所述取样电路脉冲生成电路包括通过电阻R14与单片机U3的PC2口相连接的晶体管Q4、通过电阻R15与单片机U3的PC3口相连接的晶体管Q3、开关管Q5、以及开关管Q6;所述晶体管Q3发射极接地,其集电极通过上拉电阻R12与5V电源相连接;所述晶体管Q4集电极通过栅极驱动电阻R13连接开关管Q5栅极;所述晶体管Q4发射极接地,其集电极通过上拉电阻R15与5V电源相连接;所述晶体管Q4集电极通过栅极驱动电阻R16连接开关管Q6栅极;所述开关管Q6漏极通过脉冲变压器T2初级线圈连接Boost升压电路输出正端;所述开关管Q5漏极通过脉冲变压器T1初级线圈连接Boost升压电路输出正端;所述开关管Q6源极和开关管Q5源极接地。A kind of intelligent wearable walker as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, comprises wearable protective structure 1 and the first regulating part 6 that is installed on the wearable protective structure 1; A pair of left-leg electrodes 2,3 and a pair of right-leg electrodes 4,5 are provided in the protective structure 1; the first regulating part 6 includes: connected to a pulse generator for generating pulses with adjustable width, amplitude and frequency; the pair of left leg electrodes 2, 3 and the pair of right leg electrodes 4, 5 stimulate the patient accordingly according to the pulses generated by the pulse generator The lower leg; the first memory for storing the angle threshold; the stride sensor for sensing the patient's walking stride, pace and stride frequency; the first sensor for sensing the angle between the patient's lower leg and the coronal axis and/or the vertical axis An angle sensor; connected with the pulse generator, the first memory, the stride sensor and the first angle sensor, for when the first angle sensor senses that the angle between the patient's calf and the coronal axis and/or the vertical axis is greater than or When it is equal to the included angle threshold value stored in the first memory, the control pulse generator starts to work, stops working, and sends out the first pulse signal corresponding to the walking stride, pace and pace sensed by the stride sensor. A controller; a first bluetooth adapter connected to the first controller; the wearable walker also includes a wrist-type regulation structure 7 and a second regulation part 8 installed on the wrist-type regulation structure 7; the second regulation Part 8 includes: a pulse sensor for monitoring the patient's pulse wave signal; a second memory for storing the patient's normal pulse range; a second bluetooth adapter connected to the first bluetooth adapter; connecting the pulse sensor and the second memory, and through The second bluetooth adapter and the first bluetooth adapter are connected with the first controller installed on the wearable protective structure 1, and are used to judge whether the patient's pulse wave signal value monitored by the pulse sensor is in the patient's normal pulse range stored in the second memory In, according to the judgment result that the patient's pulse wave signal value monitored by the pulse sensor is not in the patient's normal pulse range stored in the second memory, a stop working signal is sent to the second controller of the pulse generator through the first controller; further, The second control section 8 also includes a display screen connected to the second controller; the second controller controls the display screen to display in real time the pulse wave signal value of the patient monitored by the pulse sensor and the width value of the pulse generated by the pulse generator. , amplitude value and frequency value; further, the second regulating part 8 also includes: a second angle sensor for sensing the angle between the left arm and the upper part of the body; a second angle sensor for sensing the angle between the right arm and the upper part of the body Three angle sensors; connect the second angle sensor, the third angle sensor, and be connected with the first controller installed on the wearable protective structure 1 by the second bluetooth adapter, the first bluetooth adapter, for according to the second angle sensor The induced angle change between the left arm and the upper part of the body and the angle change between the right arm and the upper part of the body sensed by the third angle sensor send a starting signal to the third controller of the pulse generator through the first controller; Three controllers, used to control the work of the third controller or stop the enabling switch; further, the second regulation part 8 also includes: connecting with the first controller installed on the wearable protective structure 1 through the second bluetooth adapter and the first bluetooth adapter, for the user A rotary potentiometer for manually adjusting the width value, amplitude value and frequency value of the output pulse of the pulse generator; further, the first control part 6 and the second control part 8 also include a first power supply for providing working power and the second power supply; further, the first controller adopts the single-chip microcomputer U3; the first memory adopts the 24AA128 chip U2; the first angle sensor and the stride sensor are connected with the AD port of the single-chip microcomputer U3; the first A bluetooth adapter is connected with the serial port of single-chip microcomputer U3 through USB-RS232 interface converter such as PL2303 chip; The sampling circuit, the pulse generating circuit connected with the PC2 and PC3 ports of the single-chip microcomputer U3, and the pulse transformer T1 and T2; the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T1 is connected with a pair of left leg electrodes; the secondary of the pulse transformer T2 The coil is connected to a pair of right leg electrodes; the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T1 is connected to a pair of left leg electrodes; further, the Boost circuit includes a battery BAT, an energy storage inductor L1, a switch tube Q1, continued A current diode D1 and a capacitor C9; the battery BAT provides a 5V power supply; the gate of the switching tube Q1 is connected to a drive circuit, and the drive circuit consists of a base drive resistor R2, a transistor Q2, a pull-up resistor R3 and a gate drive resistor R1 composition; the PC1 port of the single-chip microcomputer U3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2 through the base drive resistor R2; the emitter of the transistor Q2 is grounded, and its collector is connected to the 5V power supply through the pull-up resistor R3; the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected through The gate drive resistor R1 is connected to the gate of the switching tube Q1; further, the sampling circuit includes a voltage divider circuit composed of resistors R5 and R6 and a voltage follower U4 whose inverting input terminal is connected to the voltage divider circuit; the voltage The follower U4 output terminal is connected with the AD port of the single-chip microcomputer U3; further, the sampling circuit pulse generating circuit includes a transistor Q4 connected with the PC2 port of the single-chip microcomputer U3 through a resistor R14, and a phase with the PC3 port of the single-chip microcomputer U3 through a resistor R15. Connected transistor Q3, switch tube Q5, and switch tube Q6; the emitter of the transistor Q3 is grounded, and its collector is connected to the 5V power supply through the pull-up resistor R12; the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the switch through the gate drive resistor R13 The gate of transistor Q5; the emitter of the transistor Q4 is grounded, and its collector is connected to the 5V power supply through the pull-up resistor R15; the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the grid of the switching tube Q6 through the gate drive resistor R16; the switching tube The drain of Q6 is connected to the positive output terminal of the Boost boost circuit through the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2; 1. The primary coil is connected to the positive output terminal of the boost circuit; the source of the switching tube Q6 and the source of the switching tube Q5 are grounded.
本实用新型包括穿戴式保护结构和腕式调控结构;所述穿戴式保护结构可以安放在患者膝关节下胫骨粗隆下部;对于一些足下垂患者,如病人不能正常通过肌肉弯曲脚踝关节,脚不能在摆腿或行走时抬离地面,可以通过本实用新型实现当所述第一角度传感器感应到患者小腿与冠状轴和/或垂直轴的夹角大于或等于所述第一存储器存储的所述夹角阈值时,第一控制器控制脉冲发生器发出与所述步幅传感器感应到的行走步幅、步速和步频相应的脉冲信号,所述夹角阈值可以为20度,从而实现了根据步幅传感器所感应到的患者行走步幅、步速和步频获取患者小腿的运动状态和行走动作,从而使得当下垂足抬升和下落到地面过程中,脉冲发生器施放脉冲信号通过一对左腿电极或一对右腿电极刺激患者肌肉引起双下肢发生屈肌收缩反应,所述脉冲发生器根据患者左腿和右腿的交替运动规律,适时的对应左腿和右腿的动作和运动状态施放脉冲信号,使足背伸及小腿伸展,实现了脉冲发生器施放脉冲信号的时机跟随患者的运动适时进行,以保证与患者正常行走一致;本实用新型所述腕式调控结构可以佩戴在患者手腕上;所述穿戴式保护结构上安装有第一调控部;所述腕式调控结构上安装有第二调控部;所述第一调控部包括第一蓝牙适配器;所述第二调控部包括可以与第一蓝牙适配器实现短距离无线通信的第二蓝牙适配器,避免了采用有线连接的不便;本实用新型可以利用脉搏传感器在患者行走过程中实时监测患者脉搏波信号,并通过第二控制器判断脉搏传感器监测的患者脉搏波信号值是否在第二存储器所存储的患者正常脉搏范围内,当脉搏传感器监测的患者脉搏波信号值未在第二存储器所存储的患者正常脉搏范围内时,第二控制器发出停止工作信号通过第二蓝牙适配器、第一蓝牙适配器给脉冲发生器,脉冲发生器停止施放脉冲信号,优选地,此时还可以通过报警器进行报警提示,以使患者了解可能当前运动过量或者身体存在不适而不适合继续行走,有利于保证患者身体健康;优选地,腕式调控结构中还包括显示屏,可以利用该显示屏实时显示脉搏传感器所监测的患者脉搏波信号值、脉冲发生器产生脉冲的宽度值、幅度值和频率值,便于患者直观方便的了解当前助行器的工作状态和自身的身体状态;另外,安装在腕式调控结构上的第二调控部还可以包括用于感应左臂与身体上部的夹角的第二角度传感器,以及用于感应右臂与身体上部的夹角的第三角度传感器;优选地,还包括用于控制第三控制器工作或停止的使能开关,患者可以通过操作使能开关设定第三控制器处于工作状态或停止状态,当第三控制器处于工作状态时,第三控制器可以根据第二角度传感器所感应的左臂与身体上部的夹角变化和第三角度传感器所感应的右臂与身体上部的夹角变化发出开始工作信号给脉冲发生器,实际应用时根据患者的行走习惯设定夹角预设值,当第二角度传感器所感应的左臂与身体上部的夹角以及第三角度传感器所感应的右臂与身体上部的夹角大于前述夹角预设值时,所述夹角预设值至少为0度,认为患者即将执行摆臂动作,根据人类的行走习惯,摆臂动作与摆腿动作开始时间一致,故本实用新型可以当获知患者即将执行摆臂动作时发出开始工作信号给脉冲发生器,脉冲发生器开始工作,本实用新型脉冲发生器还可以当患者即将执行摆左臂动作时施放脉冲信号通过一对右腿电极刺激患者右腿肌肉引起屈肌收缩反应,进而促进患者完成抬右脚动作,同理,当患者即将执行摆右臂动作时施放脉冲信号通过一对左腿电极刺激患者左腿肌肉引起屈肌收缩反应,进而促进患者完成抬左脚动作,这样不仅能够保证脉冲发生器施放脉冲信号的时机跟随患者的运动适时进行,便于保证与患者正常行走一致,且适用于由于双下肢神经病变而无力执行抬腿动作或者抬腿动作不便的患者,通过监测患者手臂的动作获知患者行走欲望,进而及时施加刺激给患者小腿,从而提高肌肉力量,保持肌力,促进患者完成抬脚动作;优选地,患者还可以通过腕式调控结构中的旋转式电位器手动调节脉冲发生器输出脉冲的宽度值、幅度值和频率值;所述旋转式电位器可以直接与单片机U3的AD口相连接;单片机U3可以综合AD口所连接的第一角度传感器、步幅传感器、电压跟随器U4和旋转式电位器的值(图4中未示出),通过PC1口改变升压电路输出电压,进而改变脉冲信号的幅度,通过PC2口和PC3口改变脉冲信号的宽度和频率。The utility model includes a wearable protection structure and a wrist control structure; the wearable protection structure can be placed on the lower part of the tibial tuberosity of the patient's knee joint; for some patients with foot drop, if the patient cannot normally bend the ankle joint through the muscles, the foot cannot Lifting off the ground when swinging legs or walking, the utility model can realize that when the first angle sensor senses that the angle between the patient's calf and the coronal axis and/or vertical axis is greater than or equal to the angle stored in the first memory When the included angle threshold is reached, the first controller controls the pulse generator to send pulse signals corresponding to the walking stride, pace and stride frequency sensed by the stride sensor, and the included angle threshold can be 20 degrees, thereby realizing According to the patient's walking stride, pace and stride frequency sensed by the stride sensor, the movement state and walking action of the patient's lower leg are obtained, so that when the drooping foot is lifted and dropped to the ground, the pulse generator emits a pulse signal through a pair of The left leg electrode or a pair of right leg electrodes stimulate the patient's muscles to cause the flexor contraction of the lower limbs. The pulse generator responds to the movements and movements of the left and right legs in a timely manner according to the alternating movement rules of the patient's left and right legs. The pulse signal is released in the state, so that the dorsum of the foot and the calf are stretched, so that the timing of the pulse generator to release the pulse signal follows the patient's movement in a timely manner to ensure that it is consistent with the patient's normal walking; the wrist control structure described in the utility model can be worn on the On the wrist of the patient; the first control unit is installed on the wearable protective structure; the second control unit is installed on the wrist control structure; the first control unit includes a first Bluetooth adapter; the second control unit It includes a second Bluetooth adapter that can realize short-distance wireless communication with the first Bluetooth adapter, avoiding the inconvenience of using a wired connection; the utility model can use the pulse sensor to monitor the patient's pulse wave signal in real time during the patient's walking process, and through the second control The device judges whether the patient's pulse wave signal value monitored by the pulse sensor is within the patient's normal pulse range stored in the second memory, and when the patient's pulse wave signal value monitored by the pulse sensor is not within the patient's normal pulse range stored in the second memory, The second controller sends a stop working signal to the pulse generator through the second bluetooth adapter and the first bluetooth adapter, and the pulse generator stops releasing the pulse signal. The current excessive exercise or physical discomfort is not suitable for continuing to walk, which is conducive to ensuring the health of the patient; preferably, the wrist control structure also includes a display screen, which can be used to display the patient's pulse wave signal value monitored by the pulse sensor in real time 1. The pulse generator generates pulse width, amplitude and frequency values, which is convenient for patients to understand the current working status of the walker and their own physical status; in addition, the second control part installed on the wrist control structure is also It may include a second angle sensor for sensing the angle between the left arm and the upper body, and a third angle sensor for sensing the angle between the right arm and the upper body; preferably, it also includes a third controller for controlling the work or stop the enabling switch, the patient can enable the Off sets the third controller to be in the working state or stop state. When the third controller is in the working state, the third controller can sense the angle change between the left arm and the upper part of the body and the third angle sensed by the second angle sensor. The angle change between the right arm and the upper part of the body sensed by the sensor sends a start signal to the pulse generator. In actual application, the preset value of the angle is set according to the patient's walking habits. When the left arm and the body sensed by the second angle sensor When the included angle of the upper part and the included angle between the right arm and the upper part of the body sensed by the third angle sensor is greater than the aforementioned preset value of the included angle, the preset value of the included angle is at least 0 degrees, and it is considered that the patient is about to perform an arm swing action, according to According to human walking habits, the start time of arm swinging and leg swinging is consistent, so the utility model can send a start signal to the pulse generator when it is known that the patient is about to perform the swinging arm, and the pulse generator starts to work. The pulse generator of the utility model The device can also release a pulse signal when the patient is about to perform the left arm swing action to stimulate the right leg muscle of the patient through a pair of right leg electrodes to cause a flexor contraction response, thereby promoting the patient to complete the right foot lifting action. Similarly, when the patient is about to perform the right leg swing When the arm is moving, the pulse signal is used to stimulate the left leg muscle of the patient through a pair of electrodes on the left leg to cause the flexor contraction response, thereby promoting the patient to complete the left foot lifting action, which not only ensures that the timing of the pulse generator to release the pulse signal follows the patient's movement in a timely manner It is convenient to ensure that it is consistent with the normal walking of the patient, and it is suitable for patients who are unable to perform leg-lifting movements or inconvenient leg-raising movements due to neuropathy of the lower limbs. By monitoring the movements of the patient's arms, the patient's desire to walk is known, and then timely stimulation is given to the patient's calf. Thereby improving muscle strength, maintaining muscle strength, and promoting the patient to complete the foot lifting action; preferably, the patient can also manually adjust the width value, amplitude value and frequency value of the pulse generator output pulse through the rotary potentiometer in the wrist control structure; Described rotary potentiometer can directly be connected with the AD port of single-chip microcomputer U3; not shown), the output voltage of the booster circuit is changed through the PC1 port, and then the amplitude of the pulse signal is changed, and the width and frequency of the pulse signal are changed through the PC2 port and the PC3 port.
以上所述,仅为本实用新型较佳的具体实施方式,但本实用新型的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型揭露的技术范围内,根据本实用新型的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent replacement or change of the new technical solution and its inventive concept shall be covered by the protection scope of the present utility model.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103480087A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-01-01 | 文加斌 | Intelligent wearable walking aid |
CN105213156A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-06 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of power exoskeleton and control method thereof |
-
2013
- 2013-10-16 CN CN201320639349.0U patent/CN203483748U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103480087A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-01-01 | 文加斌 | Intelligent wearable walking aid |
CN103480087B (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-01-21 | 文加斌 | Intelligent wearable walking aid |
CN105213156A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-01-06 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of power exoskeleton and control method thereof |
US10463561B2 (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Wearable device and control method thereof |
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