CN203377620U - Multi-port direct-current charging pile for electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-port DC charging pile for an electric vehicle, which comprises a central control unit, a billing unit, an energy dispatching unit, a man-machine interface unit, a communication unit, a charging interface and a guidance control unit; The billing unit, energy dispatching unit, man-machine interface unit, charging interface are connected with the guidance control unit; the guidance control unit is connected with the charging interface; the central control unit and the charging interface are respectively equipped with a communication unit, which communicates with the charger through the communication unit connect. Through the calculation of the energy scheduling unit and the control of the central control unit, the utility model realizes the function that one DC charging pile can be used for multiple purposes, improves the energy utilization rate, and saves the resource problem of occupying land by multiple charging piles. Moreover, the multi-port DC charging pile of the utility model can accept the management and scheduling of the superior monitoring system, and can adjust the charging output power under the peak load of the power grid to reduce the impact on the power grid.

Description

A multi-port DC charging pile for electric vehicles

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of chargers, in particular to a multi-port DC charging pile for electric vehicles. the

Background technique

With the increasingly severe energy crisis and environmental crisis, electric vehicles have become the focus of current development. However, the popularity of electric vehicles has put forward higher requirements for the construction of charging facilities and efficient and convenient charging. Moreover, when charging electric vehicles, the area occupied by the construction of charging facilities is also a problem that cannot be ignored. In this situation of tight land resources, how to solve the problem of charging facilities and land resource allocation remains to be studied. the

Utility model content

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model proposes a multi-port DC charging pile for electric vehicles, which realizes energy coordination among multiple ports of a charging pile through real-time charging information monitoring of the vehicle. the

The utility model provides a multi-port DC charging pile for electric vehicles. The improvement is that the DC charging pile includes a central control unit, a billing unit, an energy scheduling unit, a man-machine interface unit, a communication unit, a charging interface and guidance control unit;

The central control unit is connected to the billing unit, the energy scheduling unit, the man-machine interface unit, the charging interface and the guidance control unit respectively; the guidance control unit is connected to the charging interface;

The central control unit and the charging interface are respectively equipped with a communication unit, and are connected to the charger through the communication unit. the

Wherein, the DC charging pile includes a low-voltage auxiliary power supply unit, which adopts a 12-24V switching power supply;

The central control unit is connected to the charging interface through a low-voltage auxiliary power supply unit. the

Wherein, the DC charging pile includes a charging process protection unit, which adopts a leakage protector or an overcurrent protection switch;

The central control unit is connected to the charging interface through a charging process protection unit. the

Wherein, the communication unit includes any one or more of parallel GPRS interface, TCP/IP Ethernet interface, CAN bus communication interface and PLC communication interface. the

Wherein, the central control unit adopts Freescale52259 chip. the

Wherein, the billing unit adopts a smart electricity meter. the

Wherein, the energy scheduling unit adopts the 28335 chip of TI Company. the

Wherein, the man-machine interface unit adopts a liquid crystal display. the

Wherein, the charging interface adopts a 9-pin charging plug. the

Wherein, the pilot control unit includes a connected resistance voltage divider circuit and an A/D conversion unit; the resistance voltage divider circuit is connected to the charging interface, and the A/D conversion unit is connected to the central processing unit connect. the

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) The utility model adopts intensive energy scheduling management, and the charging port is automatically switched through the charging pile, which improves the energy utilization rate. the

(2) The DC charging pile of the present utility model, according to the charging demand of the charging vehicle, completes a pile of multi-charge coordination energy scheduling. the

(3) The multi-charger of the utility model realizes the effective isolation of multiple channels of charging. When a channel vehicle and charging pile fail, it will not affect the charging of the other charging interface. the

(4) The multi-charge DC charging pile of the utility model can accept the management and scheduling of the superior monitoring system, and can adjust the charging output power under the peak load of the power grid to reduce the impact on the power grid. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the charging pile provided by the utility model. the

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the charging pile provided by the utility model after adding the card swiping unit. the

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of first judging the power level when the charging pile dynamically distributes power provided by the utility model. the

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail. the

A multi-port DC charging pile for electric vehicles proposed in this embodiment has a schematic structural diagram as shown in Figure 1. In this embodiment, the DC charging pile includes two charging interfaces as an example. The DC charging pile includes a central control unit, billing unit, energy dispatching unit, human-machine interface unit, communication unit, charging interface, guidance control unit, low-voltage auxiliary power supply unit and charging process protection unit, of which:

The central control unit is used for data processing and control;

The charging interface includes two interfaces, charging interface 1 and charging interface 2, which are used to match the interface of electric vehicles;

The guidance control unit mainly detects the connection status of the electric vehicle and the charging pile, collects the voltage of the monitoring point through the resistor divider circuit, and then sends it to the central processing unit through A/D conversion;

The communication unit is used to communicate with the charger;

The billing unit is used to calculate the charging power and charging fee, and complete the conversion between the user account and the fee;

The energy dispatching unit dispatches the electric energy of multiple charging ports, and calculates the overall charging control strategy for each charging port based on information such as user-set charging stop conditions, vehicle usage time, and charging control methods, and realizes dynamic deployment of charging power;

The man-machine interface unit is used to display user usage information, including charging mode, charging cut-off condition, vehicle usage time, and charging control method. the

Wherein, the central control unit is respectively connected with the charging unit, the energy dispatching unit, the man-machine interface unit, the charging interface and the guidance control unit; the guidance control unit is connected with the charging interface;

The central control unit and the two charging ports are respectively equipped with a communication unit for communicating with the charger;

The charger is used to charge the electric vehicle. the

Correspondingly, the circuit part for implementing the charging pile in this embodiment includes:

The communication unit mainly includes any one or more of parallel GPRS interface, TCP/IP Ethernet interface, CAN bus communication interface and PLC communication interface;

The central control unit uses the Freescale52259 chip;

The billing unit selects the smart electricity meter. the

The energy dispatching unit selects the 28335 chip of TI Company. the

The human-machine interface unit uses a liquid crystal display. the

The charging interface is a 9-pin charging plug. the

The pilot control unit includes a connected resistance voltage divider circuit and an A/D conversion unit; the resistance voltage divider circuit is connected to the charging interface, and the A/D conversion unit is connected to the central processing unit. the

The preferred solution of this embodiment is to add a low-voltage auxiliary power supply unit and a charging process protection unit to protect the circuit on the basis of the above, wherein:

The low-voltage auxiliary power supply unit can use a 12-24V switching power supply for vehicle BMS power management. When the guidance control unit completes the charging connection determination, the low-voltage auxiliary power supply unit realizes the BMS power supply. The central control unit is connected to the charging interface through a low-voltage auxiliary power supply unit. the

The charging process protection unit can choose a leakage protector or an overcurrent protection switch to realize surge protection, leakage protection and overvoltage protection. The charging process protection unit is placed on the line connecting the central control unit and the charging interface. the

In another preferred solution of this embodiment, a card swiping unit may also be added, as shown in FIG. 2 . The card swiping unit is connected with the central processing unit to identify the user identity, read the user account information, and establish a corresponding consumption record database. The card swiping unit in this embodiment can be a radio frequency card reader. the

Correspondingly, this embodiment proposes a control method for multi-port DC charging piles for electric vehicles, including the following steps:

(1) The user connects the electric vehicle to the charging interface of the DC charging pile;

(2) When the user swipes the card, he will enter charging cut-off conditions (SOC cut-off, time cut-off, amount cut-off) and vehicle usage time (expected usage time after charging), expected driving mileage of the next day and other information through the human-computer interaction unit, and select charging control at the same time. Mode (lowest charging cost, fastest charging time and normal charging three modes);

(3) After the guidance control unit confirms that the charging plug is connected correctly, the central control unit controls the DC charging pile to charge the electric vehicle;

(4) When another electric vehicle is ready to charge at another charging interface of the DC charging pile, after the user swipes the card, the energy dispatching unit calculates the power demand of each charging interface, and dynamically allocates the output power of the two chargers. the

Wherein, when the two-way output power of the charger is dynamically allocated, the power required by the electric vehicle is first judged, and its flow chart is shown in Figure 3, and the specific steps include:

①The energy scheduling unit calculates the minimum charging power to meet the charging demand;

② Determine whether the total power required by the electric vehicle is less than the total power output by the DC charging pile. If so, obtain the charging rate information within the charging period, calculate and output the charging power in each time period according to the minimum cost, otherwise proceed to step ③;

③ Determine whether the total power required by the electric vehicle is equal to the total power output by the DC charging pile, if so, allocate the charging power according to the charging time ratio of the electric vehicle, obtain the charging rate information within the charging time, and calculate the charging power in each time period according to the minimum cost And output, otherwise it will prompt users with large power requirements that they cannot meet the charging requirements (or please change). the

The expression of the total power output by the DC charging pile is as follows:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the formula, C ₁ and C ₂ are the rechargeable battery capacities of the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively, in Ah; U ₁ and U ₂ are the output voltages of the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively, The unit is V; T ₁ and T ₂ are the set rated charging time in hours; P ₁ and P ₂ are the rated output power of the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively; P _P is the charging pile total output power.

Calculate the output power of each charging interface, the expression is as follows:

In the formula, P ₁ ^* and P ₂ ^* are the actual output power of the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively; t ₁ and t ₂ are the actual charging demands of the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively time.

The DC charging pile in this embodiment can be controlled and managed by a unified management platform (that is, a monitoring system), and can accept power control by a superior platform. Use the panoramic energy management system to conduct unified coordination and management of the upper and lower limits of active power and reactive power of any terminal that is connected to the charging pile, and at the same time connect the charging station to the distribution network dispatching system to achieve unified management. During the peak power consumption (according to the power consumption situation of the day, it can generally be defined as 17:00-21:00 or 11:30-1:30 am), the energy dispatching unit accepts the power limit issued by the superior dispatching system (ie monitoring system), And calculate the minimum charging power according to the charging demand of the charging vehicle. If the charging power can be lowered (the condition is that the time requirement of the user can still be met after extending the charging time), the response battery temporarily acts as an active source (the monitoring system controls its stop time), and the active power is released , to balance the distribution network system peak;

The minimum charging power calculation formula is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; min</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; SOC</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; el</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; SOC</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; SOC</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; SOC</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; e</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the formula, SOC ₁ and SOC ₂ are the current values of the electric vehicle at the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively; SOC _e1 and SOC _e2 are the cut-off values of the electric vehicle at the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively ; T _e1 , T _e2 are the cut-off time of electric vehicle charging for the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively; T _r1 , T _r2 are the current charging time of the first charging interface and the second charging interface respectively.

With the help of the integrated dispatching system of the distribution network, the implementation of the differential ladder electricity price measurement method can more effectively save the battery charge and discharge cost, do not charge when the electricity price is high, and charge the battery when the electricity price is low, saving costs. The main control method is priority Calculate whether the user's charging demand is met, and achieve the lowest charging cost under the condition of meeting the demand. It is necessary to meet the requirement that segmented billing has the lowest overall cost, and the calculation method of the minimum cost is as follows. the

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; min</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$

In the formula, k is the number of time periods with different rates in the charging process; i is the time period number, c _i is the rate of the i-th time period, and p _i is the charging power of the i-th time period.

The constraint condition that the above expression needs to satisfy is that the charging power in each time period is less than the output power of each charger. At the same time, the sum of the charging power in all periods is the total charging power. The expression formula is shown in the following formula. the

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\underset{i=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{t}_i{p}_i=({\mathrm{SOC}}_{\mathrm{el}}-{\mathrm{SOC}}_1)C_1\\ \&ForAll;p_i\&le;p_1(i=1...k)\end{array}\right.$ (the first charging port constraint);

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\underset{i=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{t}_i{p}_i=({\mathrm{SOC}}_{e2}-{\mathrm{SOC}}_2)C_2\\ \&ForAll;p_i\&le;p_2(i=1...k)\end{array}\right.$ (second charge port constraint).

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and not to limit them. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible Any modification or equivalent replacement made to the specific implementation of the present utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model shall be covered by the claims of the present utility model. the

Claims (10)

1. many mouthfuls of direct-current charging posts of an electric automobile, is characterized in that, described direct-current charging post comprises central control unit, Charging Detail Record unit, energy scheduling unit, human and machine interface unit, communication unit, charging inlet and guiding control unit;

Described central control unit is connected with described Charging Detail Record unit, energy scheduling unit, human and machine interface unit, charging inlet and guiding control unit respectively; Described guiding control unit is connected with described charging inlet;

Described central control unit and described charging inlet are furnished with respectively communication unit, by communication unit, with charger, are connected.

2. direct-current charging post as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described direct-current charging post comprises low pressure accessory power supply unit, and it adopts the Switching Power Supply of 12-24V;

Described central control unit is connected with described charging inlet by low pressure accessory power supply unit.

3. direct-current charging post as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described direct-current charging post comprises the charging process protected location, and it adopts earth leakage protective device or overcurrent protection circuit;

Described central control unit is connected with described charging inlet by the charging process protected location.

4. direct-current charging post as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described communication unit comprises any one or more of parallel GPRS interface, TCP/IP Ethernet interface, CAN bus communication interface and plc communication interface.

5. direct-current charging post as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described central control unit adopts the Freescale52259 chip.

6. direct-current charging post as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described Charging Detail Record unit adopts intelligent kilowatt-hour meter.

7. direct-current charging post as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described energy scheduling unit adopts TI company 28335 chips.

8. direct-current charging post as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described human and machine interface unit adopts LCDs.

9. direct-current charging post as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described charging inlet adopts 9 pin charging plugs.

10. direct-current charging post as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described guiding control unit comprises resistor voltage divider circuit and the A/D converting unit of connection; Described resistor voltage divider circuit is connected with described charging inlet, and described A/D converting unit is connected with described, CPU.

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