CN203360242U - Oil sludge treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oil sludge treatment system. The oil sludge treatment system comprises a settling device, a feeding device, a dry distillation device, a cyclone separator, a condensation device, a centrifugal separator and a boiler. The settling equipment is used to separate the sludge into oil-water layer and sludge sediment, and the feeding device is used to receive and transport the sludge sediment. The dry distillation unit is used to decompose the oil sludge into dry distillation gas and semi-coke. The cyclone separator is used to separate dry distillation gas and semi-coke. The condensing device is used to cool the dry distillation gas into condensed liquid and non-condensable gas. The centrifuge is used to separate the condensed liquid into recovered oil layer and waste water layer. The boiler is respectively connected to the settling equipment, cyclone separator, condensing device and centrifuge to receive the oil-water layer, semi-coke, non-condensable gas and waste water layer, and burn and degrade them. The utility model combines the functions of pollutant treatment and energy recovery, and has good economy.

Description

Sludge Treatment System

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of waste treatment, in particular to an oil sludge treatment system.

Background technique

Shale sludge is a solid pollutant with a certain calorific value (15000kJ/kg) and a high oil content (above 40%) formed in the dry distillation of kerogen shale. The yield is generally 0.3-0.5% of shale crude oil production, and at the same time, oil sludge is difficult to degrade naturally, and it is easy to pollute soil and groundwater when stacked.

At present, solid waste treatment technologies such as oily sludge mainly include incineration, solvent extraction, biodegradation, and thermochemical methods. The shortcomings of these methods can be summarized into two categories: one such as incineration and biodegradation. , focusing on controlling pollutant emissions, ignoring resource recycling or limited energy recovery efficiency; the other, such as solvent extraction and thermochemical methods, can maximize resource recovery, but it is difficult to control the secondary pollution of waste water and waste residues to the environment . None of these methods can strike a balance between environment and benefit. Taking the incineration method and solvent extraction method as examples, the situation of the two types of treatment processes is described in detail.

The so-called incineration method is to make oil sludge into coal-like fuel after dehydration, viscosity reduction, and air-drying treatment, and burn it with coal in the boiler to achieve the purpose of recycling the heat value of oil sludge. The flue gas produced is purified to make it Meet emission standards. Its shortcoming is that incineration produces secondary pollution, and the oil contained in the sludge has not been rationally utilized. The solvent extraction method is based on the principle of "similarity and compatibility", selects a suitable organic solvent to extract the organic matter in the sludge, and then recovers the oil in the extract by distillation. The advantage of this method is that the process is simple, and the extractant can be reused. The disadvantage is that the extractant is expensive, and some losses occur during recycling, and the treated sludge still cannot meet the current discharge standards for solid pollutants.

Utility model content

In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an oil sludge treatment system, so as to solve the problem that the above-mentioned known oil sludge treatment technology cannot have both oil sludge recycling and compliance with pollutant discharge standards.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model discloses an oil sludge treatment system, which includes a settling device, a feeding device, a dry distillation device, a cyclone separator, a condensing device, a centrifuge and a boiler. Settling equipment is used to receive sludge and separate sludge into oil-water layer and sludge sediment. The feeding device is connected between the settling equipment and the dry distillation device, and is used for receiving and transporting oil sludge. The dry distillation device receives the oil sludge and decomposes the oil sludge into dry distillation gas and semi-coke. The cyclone separator is respectively connected to the carbonization device and the condensing device to receive and separate the carbonization gas and semi-coke. The condensing device receives and cools the dry distillation gas, so that the dry distillation gas forms condensed liquid and non-condensable gas. The centrifuge is connected to the condensing device to receive the condensed liquid and separate the condensed liquid into recovered oil layer and waste water layer. The boiler is respectively connected to the settling equipment, cyclone separator, condensing device and centrifuge to receive the oil-water layer, semi-coke, non-condensable gas and waste water layer, and burn and degrade them.

Compared with the existing scheme, the technical effects obtained by the utility model are as follows:

The oil sludge treatment system of the utility model effectively promotes the separation of oil, water, and ash of the heavily emulsified oil sludge sediment under severe temperature conditions through the pyrolysis-based treatment method of the retort device, and can also be accompanied by microwave The way of heating can generate a heat source inside the sludge deposit, thereby shortening the dry distillation time. In addition, in the process of treatment, waste water incineration of the upper layer of sludge and other sewage can completely eliminate pollution. Furthermore, the semi-coke and low-temperature gas produced by dry distillation are fed into the boiler for combustion to generate electricity. In addition to recovering energy, it can also prevent the pollution of waste residue and waste gas to the environment, thereby achieving the effect of zero emission of pollutants, so it can meet the requirements of pollutants. Emission Standards. At the same time, the oil sludge treatment system of the utility model can also be matched with an oil refinery unit and share equipment (such as a boiler), thereby reducing the investment in public equipment and greatly reducing the overall cost.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of an oil sludge treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an oil sludge treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and examples, so that the implementation process of how the utility model uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the sludge treatment system disclosed by an embodiment of the present utility model includes a settling equipment 10, a feeding device 20, a dry distillation device 30, a cyclone separator 40, a condensing device 50, a Centrifugal separator 60 and a boiler 70.

The settling equipment 10 is connected to a sludge discharge equipment 80 to receive the sludge output from the sludge discharge equipment 80, such as petroleum sludge, sludge from a sewage treatment plant, etc. In this embodiment, shale sludge is used as an example for illustration, but not This is the limit. The settling device 10 also separates the sludge into an oil-water layer and a sludge deposit.

The feeding device 20 is connected between the settling device 10 and the dry distillation device 30 for receiving and transporting the oil sludge. The feeding device 20 includes a feeding hopper 210 and a feeder 220 (such as a screw feeder) sealed by nitrogen gas. The feeding hopper 210 is connected to the settling device 10 , and the feeder 220 is connected to the dry distillation device 30 .

The carbonization device 30 is connected to the feeding device 20 for receiving the sludge and decomposing the sludge into carbonization gas and char. In this embodiment, the retort device 30 may be, but not limited to, a microwave drum retort device, which includes a drum 310 and a pusher blade 320 (such as a spiral pusher blade) disposed in the drum 310 and a microwave heating zone 330, wherein the drum 310 is connected between the feeder 220 of the feeding device 20 and the cyclone separator 40; the sludge sediment is transported to the microwave heating zone 330 through the pushing blade 320 in the drum 310 , the microwave heating zone 330 is used to thermally treat the sludge deposit.

The cyclone separator 40 is connected to the dry distillation device 30 for receiving and separating the dry distillation gas and the semi-coke.

The condensing device 50 is connected between the cyclone separator 40 and the centrifuge 60 for receiving and cooling the dry distillation gas into condensed liquid and non-condensable gas.

The centrifuge 60 is connected to the condensing device 50 for receiving the condensed liquid and separating the condensed liquid into recovered oil layer and waste water layer.

The boiler 70 is connected to the settling equipment 10 , the cyclone separator 40 , the condensing device 50 and the centrifuge 60 through delivery pipelines, and the delivery pipeline 410 between the boiler 70 and the cyclone separator 40 is also supplied with high-pressure gas. The boiler 70 receives and burns the oil-water layer, the semi-coke, the non-condensable gas and the waste water layer. In this embodiment, the boiler may be, but not limited to, a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which includes a nozzle for receiving the oil-water layer and the wastewater layer, and separating the oil-water layer and the wastewater The layer is sprayed in the boiler.

In terms of application, the sludge is first transported from the sludge discharge equipment 80 to the settling equipment 10 of the sludge treatment system (S101), so that the sludge is separated into the upper oil-water layer (such as organic sewage) and the lower layer of sludge in the settling equipment 10 by gravity. object (S102). Next, transport the upper oil-water layer to the boiler 70 for waste water combustion (S103), so that the pollutants in the waste water are completely degraded. In order to improve the combustion efficiency, the boiler 70 is also equipped with a nozzle 710, such as an atomizing nozzle. The nozzle 710 receives the oil-water layer and sprays it to burn in the boiler 70 to promote combustion efficiency. At the same time, the lower layer of sludge sediment is transported to the hopper 210 of the feeding device 20, and then transported to the drum 310 of the dry distillation device 30 through the feeder 220 of the feeding device 20 under a nitrogen-tight state (S104).

Next, under the action of the pushing blade 320, the sludge deposit in the drum 310 enters the microwave heating zone 330 for heat treatment, and the heat treatment temperature of 450-520°C is provided by the microwave heating zone 330 to uniformly heat the sludge deposit to make the sludge A series of cracking and polycondensation reactions occur in the precipitate, thereby producing high-temperature dry distillation gas and residual semi-coke (S105). Afterwards, transport the retort gas and semi-coke to the cyclone separator 40 for gas-solid separation (S106). The coke is sent to the boiler 70 by the high-pressure gas to be burned to generate electricity (S107); and the dry distillation gas is divided into the upper part of the cyclone separator 40, and is transported to the condensing device 50 for cooling, so that the dry distillation gas is subjected to low temperature to form a condensed liquid and non-condensable gas (S108), wherein the non-condensable gas is sent to the boiler to burn with semi-coke to generate electricity (S109), and the condensed liquid is sent to the centrifuge 60 for oil-water separation, so as to obtain the upper recovered oil layer (shale oil) and the lower wastewater layer (S110). Next, the waste water layer is discharged into the conveying pipeline, and the waste water layer is sprayed into the boiler through the nozzle along with the oil-water layer from the settling equipment for incineration (S111). Finally, the recovered oil layer is collected and stored in a storage tank for future use (S112).

Based on the above, the oil sludge treatment system of the present invention uses pyrolysis as the basic oil sludge treatment method, which can use the oil sludge for waste, reduces solid pollutants, completes resource recovery, and has good economy. In addition, the high chemical oxygen demand (COD) sewage, harmful gases and residual solid pollutants (semi-coke) generated during the entire treatment process are all incinerated, so that zero discharge of pollutants can be achieved. At the same time, the oil sludge treatment system of the utility model can also be matched with oil refining equipment, such as sharing boilers, so as to minimize the investment in public equipment, thereby having good economy.

The above description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but as mentioned above, it should be understood that the present utility model is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used In various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified by the above teachings or skills or knowledge in related fields within the scope of the utility model concept described herein. However, changes and changes made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and should all be within the protection scope of the appended claims of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. A sludge treatment system, characterized in that, comprising: A settling device for receiving sludge and separating the sludge into oil-water layer and sludge sediment; a feeding device, connected to the settling equipment, for receiving and transporting the sludge; A dry distillation device, connected to the feeding device, used to receive the sludge deposit and decompose the sludge deposit into dry distillation gas and semi-coke; a cyclone separator, connected to the dry distillation device, for receiving and separating the dry distillation gas and the semi-coke; a condensing device, connected to the cyclone separator, for receiving and cooling the dry distillation gas into condensed liquid and non-condensable gas; A centrifuge, connected to the condensing device, used to receive the condensed liquid, and separate the condensed liquid into recovered oil layer and waste water layer; and A boiler, respectively connected to the settling equipment, the cyclone separator, the condensing device and the centrifuge, the boiler receives and burns the oil-water layer, the semi-coke, the non-condensable gas and The wastewater layer. 2. The oil sludge treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding device comprises a feeding hopper and a feeding machine sealed by nitrogen, wherein the feeding hopper is connected to the settling equipment, the The feeder is connected to the dry distillation device. 3. The oil sludge treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization device comprises a drum, and a pushing blade and a microwave heating zone are arranged in the drum, and the sludge deposits are deposited in the drum It is transported to the microwave heating zone by the pushing blade, and the microwave heating zone is used for thermally treating the oil sludge sediment. 4. The oil sludge treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the boiler comprises a nozzle for receiving the oil-water layer and the waste water layer, and the oil-water layer, the non-condensable gas and the The wastewater layer is sprayed in the boiler. 5. The sludge treatment system according to claim 4, wherein the nozzle is an atomizing nozzle. 6. The oil sludge treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the boiler is a circulating fluidized bed boiler.

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