CN203352307U - Structure of motor stator core and cooling device of motor stator - Google Patents
Structure of motor stator core and cooling device of motor stator Download PDFInfo
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- CN203352307U CN203352307U CN 201320273653 CN201320273653U CN203352307U CN 203352307 U CN203352307 U CN 203352307U CN 201320273653 CN201320273653 CN 201320273653 CN 201320273653 U CN201320273653 U CN 201320273653U CN 203352307 U CN203352307 U CN 203352307U
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a structure of a motor stator core and a cooling device of a motor stator. The structure of the stator core is characterized in that the stator core is formed jointing and combining stator yoke part units and stator tooth part units, and the number of the stator yoke part units is the same as that of the stator tooth part units and both are equal to the number Z1 of slots of the stator. All the stator yoke part units and the stator tooth part units are formed by laminating oriented silicon steel sheets, a stator yoke part unit is connected between each two adjacent tooth part units, connection between the tooth part units and connection between the stator yoke part units are joggle joint, the direction of orientation of the silicon steel sheets of the stator yoke part units is a circumferential direction, and the direction of orientation of the silicon steel sheets of the stator tooth part units is a radial direction. The structure of a motor stator core has the advantage that a motor has the characteristics that ferromagnetic loss is low, efficiency is high, torque ripple is low, the slot effect is low, operation noise is low, wind resistance is low, the slot space factor rate of a stator winding is high, the utilization rate of silicon steel sheet material is high, the heat dissipation capability is strong, and the motor is suitable for automatic mass production.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of structure of electric machine stator iron and the cooling device of motor stator, and particularly a kind of structure of using the electric machine stator iron of oriented silicon steel disc, belong to technical field of motors.
Background technology
Electric rotating machine (comprising motor and generator) all is widely used in different fields such as modern industry, agricultural, communications and transportation, national defence, science and technology and daily lifes.Typically, electric rotating machine all comprises the parts such as stator and rotor, and the stator of motor and rotor all comprise iron core usually, and its effect is to form magnetic circuit, and guiding magnetic flux Rational flow, produce electromagnetic force and export torque.The magnetic flux of motor is the permanent magnet generation by the electric current of motor winding and magneto.The iron core of motor is comprised of soft magnetic material, and topmost soft magnetic material is the low silicon steel sheet of strong, the ferromagnetic loss of magnetic conduction ability, silicon steel sheet through punching press and superimposed after, form the stator and rotor iron core of motor.Motor except output mechanical power (motor) or electromotive power output (generator), also can produce loss in the running, also can produce noise.The loss of motor mainly comprises copper loss, iron loss and mechanical loss, and wherein iron loss is ferromagnetic loss, and it mainly comprises eddy current loss and magnetic hysteresis loss; Mechanical loss comprises the loss of bearing and the windage loss that produces due to the slot effect of motor etc.The noise of motor mainly comprises that electromagnetic noise, mechanical vibration noise and windage change the noise (being called for short wind makes an uproar) produced.The increase of the loss of electric machine can reduce the efficiency of system, increases the caloric value of motor, and then increases the heat radiation difficulty of motor.Therefore, reduce the loss of motor, be the raising electric efficiency, reduce temperature rise, reduce the most effective means of cooling difficulty; Reduce the loss of motor, also be conducive to improve power density and the torque density of motor.On the other hand, adopt the efficient type of cooling, also contribute to bring into play the potential of motor, improve power density and the torque density of motor, reduce the volume and weight of motor, easily realize installation and the layout of motor driven systems.
Improve the efficiency of motor, thereby the means that can adopt mainly comprise the iron loss that adopts high performance magnetic material to reduce motor; By performance, the utilance that improves wire and the copper factor that improves motor, reduce the resistance of wire, thereby reduce the copper loss of motor; By adopting the stator core of low slot effect, can reduce windage, also can reduce wind and make an uproar simultaneously.
The silicon steel sheet relevant from the iron loss of motor has different kinds, mainly comprises hot rolled silicon steel sheet and cold-reduced silicon sheet.Cold-reduced silicon sheet is divided into again non-oriented silicon steel sheet and oriented silicon steel disc.The magnetic property of cold-reduced silicon sheet is better than hot rolled silicon steel sheet, and directional cold-rolling silicon steel disc is better than non-directional cold-rolling silicon steel disc along the magnetic property of direction of orientation.At present, the iron core of motor generally adopts without orientation hot rolled silicon steel sheet or non-directional cold-rolling silicon steel disc.
The silicon steel sheet lamination of conventional motors stator typically has following feature: the first, and lamination is overall structure, is that the full wafer non-oriented silicon steel sheet suitable by size is stamped to form; The second, the wire casing of stator lasmination is opening, half opening or semi-closed port structure, in order to the wire of stator winding can be sent into wire casing from notch; The 3rd, the full wafer silicon steel sheet area of the effective area of stator lasmination and this stator lasmination of punching smaller, the utilance of silicon steel material is lower; The 4th, stator winding is normally packed into (hand insertion) in wire casing by craft, is difficult to automatically roll off the production line, even can automatically roll off the production line, its automatic production line cost is high, and copper factor is also lower than hand insertion; The 5th, the end of motor winding is longer, and longer winding overhang has reduced the utilance of coiling, and has increased the copper loss of motor; The 6th, the overall structure of lamination needs larger mould to carry out punching press; The 7th, the hatch frame of wire casing forms tooth slot structure in the inner radius of stator, thereby produces slot effect, causes torque pulsation, and when the motor High Rotation Speed, and slot effect can cause that larger wind makes an uproar, and increases resistance, the efficiency of reduction motor; The 8th, the stator core of motor adopts non-oriented silicon steel sheet to be formed by stacking, and its magnetic property is lower than rationally adopting the motor of oriented silicon steel disc.
The low increase that will cause motor cost of the utilance of silicon steel material; Stator winding, by the craft wire casing of packing into, has increased the automated production difficulty of motor; Longer winding overhang will increase the axial length of motor, reduces conductor efficiency, increases loss; Use non-oriented silicon steel sheet, low than the efficiency of reasonable use oriented silicon steel disc.
In recent years, occurred that the iron core that adopts segmental structure, by the mode spliced and combined, forms motor one-piece stator iron core, stator winding adopts the concentrated winding with skeleton, the motor of this structure has had the example of practical application, as be applied in the hybrid vehicle in Japanese honda company.The segmenting unit of this electric machine stator iron adopts chain structure, its stator teeth and yoke section are integrated, and adopt the non-oriented silicon steel sheet manufacture, and can't use the manufacture of oriented silicon steel disc, therefore do not possess the effect that the utility model adopts the oriented silicon steel disc to reach.
According to the above-mentioned description to conventional motors, can find out, there is following shortcoming in existing technology.
1, stator core adopts the non-oriented silicon steel sheet manufacture, and its magnetic hysteresis loss and eddy current loss are larger, and iron loss is larger;
2, the wire casing of stator openings, half opening or semi-closed port structure can cause slot effect, thereby causes torque pulsation, and, when the motor High Rotation Speed, can produce larger windage loss, and formation is made an uproar than strong wind;
3, adopt the method for skewed stator slot or skewed-rotor no doubt can reduce the torque pulsation that slot effect causes, but also reduced torque and the power of motor simultaneously;
4, for adopting traditional integrally-built stator core, the end of motor winding is longer, and this has not only reduced the utilance of wire, increases the copper loss of motor, has also increased the motor axial dimension;
5, for traditional distributed stator winding, usually can only adopt the circular enamelled wire of multiply to make, be difficult to adopt the rectangle enamelled wire, so the utilance of motor stator wire casing (copper factor) is lower;
6, existing medium and small motor, the iron core of stator is overall structure, to the stator air blast cooling, can only adopt indirectly mode, and cooling-air forces to blow to end and the stator casing of motor stator, the stator winding surface can't be directly blown to, also stator core inside can't be directly blown to;
7, for the air blast cooling mode of directly blowing over air gap, although can direct cooling frame bore surface, but due to blocking of slot wedge, mode that can't be by convection current is directly to stator winding heat dissipation, and fail the particle of filtering in air and may enter from the end of rotor bearing inside, reduce the lubricant effect of bearing lubrication system, increase the resistance of bearing, and reduce the useful life of bearing;
8, the water-cooling structure of existing motor is the shell using cooling jacket as electric machine stator iron, by the conduction pattern between stator yoke section outer surface and shell by the heat indirect transfer of stator to cooling water, and dispelled the heat by the cooling water circulated, the method can't be directly transferred to the heat of stator core inside in cooling water, and radiating effect is restricted;
9, existing motor, stator winding is except end, other parts are completely enclosed within stator slot, when adopting splashing type oil cooling radiating mode, can only be from the end of motor winding to the winding oil spout, or pass through to the indirect cooling winding of the mode of oil spout unshakable in one's determination, can't be directly to the winding injector surface, cooling effect is limited;
10, for integrally-built stator core, usually adopt distributed winding, winding coil adopts the hand insertion mode to assemble, and is difficult to automation assembling winding, and the cost of automated assembly line is very high;
11, for integrally-built iron core, stator lasmination is when punching, and leftover pieces are more, and the utilance of silicon steel sheet is lower;
12, the motor of the stator core of existing employing segmental structure, its stator-sectional unit adopts the structure of stator yoke section and stator teeth one, its iron core can only be used the non-oriented silicon steel sheet punching, can't use the oriented silicon steel disc, therefore the motor of this structure does not possess the effect of the utility model because using the oriented silicon steel disc to reach yet.In addition, the motor of this splicing construction, after stator is spliced into integral body, stator remains the wire casing structure of opening, half opening or semi-closed port, and diameter of stator bore is not smooth, has slot effect, therefore still exists cogging torque pulsation and larger windage and wind to make an uproar;
13, the motor of the stator core of existing employing segmental structure, the evaporator pipeline of cooling water pipe, oil cooling service pipe and refrigerating system can't be installed in the stator core inside of its splicing, therefore can't be from the cooling stator core of stator interior and stator winding;
14, the motor of the stator core of existing employing segmental structure, its winding adopts the concentrated winding that skeleton structure is arranged, reckon without the concentrated winding that adopts chassis less construction, the skeleton of winding occupies certain slot space, so the concentrated winding of the chassis less construction that the utility model proposes of the copper factor of motor is low.
15, the motor of the stator core of existing employing segmental structure, the end baffle of its winding skeleton is blocked the winding in groove, and in stator core, the cold oil nozzle can't be installed, do not possess the utility model proposes can direct cooling winding cooling device;
16, the motor of the stator core of existing employing segmental structure, its winding skeleton just plays the effect that winding supports and assembles, without the heat conduction groove, do not possess the effect that the skeleton the utility model proposes has the heat conduction groove structure thereby can improve the motor radiating effect on skeleton.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of structure of electric machine stator iron and the cooling device of motor stator, adopt the stator core of this structure and the motor of cooling device to there is the advantages such as ferromagnetic loss is low, efficiency is high, stock utilization is high, the torque pulsation of motor is little, end winding is short and copper factor is high, the slot effect of motor is low, noise is low, windage is low, adopt the stator of this structure iron core to be suitable for the large-scale production of automation.In addition, adopt the stator core of this structure, motor stator has the characteristics such as the type of cooling is flexible, good heat dissipation effect.
The dominant ideas of electric machine stator iron structural design of the present utility model are: the magnetic line of force direction of stator main magnetic circuit has following feature: the magnetic line of force direction of stator teeth main flux is radial direction, and the magnetic line of force direction of stator yoke section main flux is circumferential (tangentially) direction.
The utility model proposes the electric machine stator iron structure spliced and combined for this reason, it is characterized in that: stator core is combined by stator yoke section unit and stator teeth unit spliced, stator yoke section unit has identical quantity with the stator teeth unit, and the groove that is equal to stator is counted Z
1; Stator yoke section unit and stator teeth unit are all to be formed by stacking by the oriented silicon steel disc, described stator teeth unit consists of tooth top (crown), tooth body, tooth root, all stator teeths unit distributes along even circumferential, the center of circle is all passed through in the axis of each stator teeth unit, forming joggle groove structure between the tooth root of adjacent teeth section unit, is the wire casing of stator winding between adjacent teeth section unit tooth body; Connect a stator yoke section unit between every two adjacent tooth section unit, stator yoke section unit and the place of linking, stator teeth unit for and the tooth root of tooth section unit between the mortise structure that matches of the joggle groove structure that forms, the connection of Yu Ebu unit, stator teeth unit is joggle, the direction of orientation of the silicon steel sheet of stator yoke section unit is circumferential (tangentially) direction, and the direction of orientation of the silicon steel sheet of stator teeth unit is radial direction.
The tooth top of described stator teeth unit is pole shoe shape structure, and tooth root is the arrow-shaped structure, stator yoke section unit and the place of linking, stator teeth unit for and the tooth root of tooth section unit between the mortise structure of the swallowtail shape that matches of the joggle groove structure that forms; The above-mentioned shape of Ji Ebu unit, tooth section unit, after making them splice and combine, main magnetic circuit has minimum magnetic resistance, and their adopt joggle mode to splice and can closely be bound up, and prevents from getting loose.
The width of the tooth root section of described stator teeth unit is less than the width of tooth body, in order to the skeleton that is wound with winding can be nested into it stator tooth from tooth root;
Described stator teeth unit, its tooth top height radially is as far as possible little, is beneficial to reduce stator crown leakage field, and obtains large as far as possible wire casing space;
The arc length of described tooth top pole shoe (stator addendum width) equals stator tooth distance, the i.e. Z of frame bore girth
1/ mono-; Adjacent teeth section unit crown seamless combination, and make wire casing fully closed, stator core presents smooth inner surface in inner radius, the slotless effect;
Described stator addendum width is less than the stator tooth distance, and stator slot is semi-closed port, half opening or open slot;
On stator yoke section unit, near the wire casing place, there is one to link with wire casing, and along motor shaft to the passage of heat connected;
Preferred passage of heat be shaped as a columniform part;
The passage of heat of described stator yoke section is positioned at the symmetry axis place of stator yoke section, is suitable for stator winding and adopts and concentrate winding construction, and each wire casing all has the stator winding structure of two winding limits (being two layer winding);
The passage of heat of described stator yoke section is positioned at stator yoke section along circumferentially near the edge (i.e. close yoke section and tooth section joint portion) of wire casing, be suitable for stator winding and adopt concentrated winding construction, each wire casing all has the stator winding structure of a winding limit (being single layer winding).
The utility model, for the motor stator of above-mentioned assembled electric machine stator iron structure, has proposed following cooling device:
A. the cooling device of air blast cooling
The passage of heat of described stator yoke section and stator winding gap form the heat dissipation channel of air blast cooling, be respectively equipped with wind guiding inlet and air outlet at the two ends of motor stator, wind guiding inlet and air outlet all cover this heat dissipation channel, are suitable for from the motor of the air blast cooling type of cooling of the direct cooling stator core of stator interior and stator winding.
B. the cooling device of stator water-cooling
Inlay cooling water pipe in the passage of heat of described stator yoke section, increase end cover in the motor stator both side ends, utilize these end covers and stator core that stator winding is wrapped up fully, form the space of sealing, the stator winding wire casing be take as basis in this space, and expand to beyond electric motor winding end, the space of this sealing is full of cooling medium, whole stator winding is immersed in cooling medium fully, the cooling water pipe that utilization is embedded in passage of heat is lowered the temperature to cooling medium, realizes cooling to stator core and stator winding.
All embed a cooling water pipe in the passage of heat of this cooling device on each stator yoke section unit, these cooling water pipes by series, parallel or string, and mix the mode connected and be linked together, with the cooling water house steward, connect again, cooling water enters the cooling water house steward by radiator tank through water pump, then enter above-mentioned cooling water pipe, to motor stator, carry out cooling, directly, from stator core internal cooling stator, be suitable for from the motor of the cooling by water mode of the cooling stator core of motor internal and winding.
C. spray the cooling device of splash oil cooling
Inlay the oil cooling service pipe with nozzle in the passage of heat of described stator yoke section, be suitable for the motor of the type of cooling of the injection splash oil cooling of direct cooling stator core and stator winding.
The structure of this cooling device is, in the above-mentioned passage of heat in each stator yoke section unit, all inlays oil cooling service pipe, is evenly distributed with vertically the cold oil nozzle on oil cooling service pipe, and the center line of the injection direction of nozzle points to the electrical axis line, the above-mentioned oil cooling service pipe that is embedded in stator yoke section unit adopts series connection, parallel connection or string, and the mode of mixing connection is connected, form total cold oil pipeline, in addition, an Oil Guide passage is arranged in the motor stator end, utilize oil pump will after the sub-cooled oil pressurization of heat radiation, from above-mentioned total cold oil pipeline, enter the oil cooling service pipe of said stator yoke section's heat dissipation channel inside, and by the cold oil nozzle on it directly to stator winding jet surface cold oil, realization is cooling to stator winding, cold oil through with stator winding and stator core heat exchange after, the cold oil absorbed after winding heat thereby temperature raise falls into the wire casing space, through the motor stator end, along the Oil Guide passage, flow back in oil sump vertically, through cooling in oil sump, cold oil utilizes oil pump to send into above-mentioned total cold oil pipeline again, form the oil cooling system of circulation.
D. utilize the evaporation-cooled device of heat pump techniques
This cooling device is to utilize heat pump techniques, and the transfer of heat of motor stator winding and stator core is dispelled the heat to condenser.The same with above-mentioned water-cooling pattern, by stator winding, seal and be immersed in cooling medium, inlay the evaporator pipeline of compressor of air conditioner in the passage of heat of stator yoke section iron core, these evaporator pipelines by series, parallel or string, and mix and be linked together, then connect with the evaporator house steward.These evaporator pipelines directly contact with the cooling medium in the motor stator wire casing, the cold-producing medium of low-temp low-pressure becomes gaseous state in these evaporator pipeline inside by liquid state, absorbing the heat of cooling medium, thereby reduce the temperature of cooling medium, is motor stator winding and cooling unshakable in one's determination.Again after refrigerant compressor, become the liquid state of HTHP through the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant after evaporator, its heat is shed by the condenser of outside motor.
The utility model is for above-mentioned sectionally smooth join built-up stator core, a kind of stator winding structure with skeleton has been proposed, with the stator winding of skeleton, closely be enclosed within it the tooth of stator teeth unit, skeleton plays slot liner and coiling supporting role, the skeleton of wire casing both sides, all leave gap between its top flap and between bottom baffle.Contain the two layer winding structure on two winding limits for each wire casing, between two winding limits in wire casing, leave gap; For only having the single-layer winding structure of single on a winding limit in each wire casing, between the winding limit in wire casing and adjacent teeth body, also leave gap.Above-mentioned gap is used between winding or the insulation between winding and iron core, and for the cooling device with above-mentioned air blast cooling, this gap and described passage of heat form the cooling duct between winding jointly; For the cooling device with above-mentioned splashing type oil cooling, the cold oil of splash is from this gap splash to the winding surface.
The utility model proposes a kind of top skeleton structure with heat dissipation channel, the framework characteristic of this structure is, the body of skeleton is engraved structure, be distributed with the heat conduction groove (typical heat conduction groove is bar hole) of perforation along stator tooth body bearing of trend, these heat conduction grooves extend to bottom and the top flap of skeleton always; Circumferentially be distributed with the heat conduction groove (typical heat conduction groove is the bar shaped blind hole) of non-perforation along motor in the bottom of skeleton and the inboard of top flap, the non-perforation heat conduction groove of bottom and top flap and the perforation heat conduction groove on the skeleton body link.Heat conduction groove on skeleton is for strengthening winding bottom and the heat radiation of stator tooth body.
The utility model proposes a kind of exoskeletal winding wire cored structure, it is characterized in that, in the stator teeth unit and stator yoke section unit of motor, from the position coating heat conductive insulating coating of winding contact (different according to the electric pressure of motor, insulation film for slot liner can be wrapped in it tooth, replace the heat conductive insulating coating of above-mentioned coating; For the type of cooling that adopts the splashing type oil cooling, should select and the inconsistent insulating material of cold oil).The heat conductive insulating coating that wherein stator teeth unit tooth applies with it is equivalent to cylinder at the bottom of the coiling of stator winding.After above-mentioned coating is solidified fully, winding directly is wrapped on the stator teeth unit with cylinder of the above-mentioned end, this contributes to Automated winding and large-scale production.Above-mentioned coating plays the effect that slot liner reaches and the tooth body of stator core insulate, and the very thin thickness of this coating, only have not enough 0.5mm usually.Adopt the winding of this chassis less construction, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing insulation, stator slot utilance (being copper factor) is further enhanced.At first enamelled wire is wrapped in to above-mentioned exoskeletal core (having applied the stator teeth unit of heat conductive insulating coating), then will inlay cooling water pipe in all Yu cooling ducts, tooth section unit that have been wound around enamelled wire or be combined as integral body with the stator yoke section unit spliced of the oil cooling service pipe of cold oil nozzle, then the head and the tail terminals of winding have been welded according to certain rule.In order to prevent that winding coil from moving up and down along the stator tooth body, insulation barrier or the catch of insertion certain specification between winding and stator yoke section iron core and in the gap between winding and stator teeth pole shoe; Or, before the stator teeth unit that comprises winding and the combination of stator yoke section unit spliced, the two ends by the baffle-plate-sleeve of end winding at winding, together with the heat conductive insulating coating of these baffle plates and stator tooth body, form " skeleton " on winding configuration.
The utility model has the advantages that: use electric machine stator iron of the present utility model, motor has the characteristics such as large-scale production that ferromagnetic loss is low, efficiency is high, torque pulsation is low, slot effect is low, running noises is low, windage is low, the copper factor of stator winding is high, utilance silicon steel material is high, stator is suitable for automation.In addition, because the stator core the utility model proposes possesses cooling device, utilize air-gap between passage of heat and stator winding to form or integrated air blast cooling, water-cooled, injection splash oil cooling and utilize the evaporation-cooled device of heat pump techniques, greatly increased the heat-sinking capability of motor, power density and the torque density of motor all are largely increased.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the stator unit amalgamation of segmentation of the present utility model is whole structural representation, and wherein 1 is stator yoke section unit; 2 is the stator teeth unit; 3 is passage of heat; 4 wire casings that are stator winding;
Fig. 2 (a) is stator yoke section unit silicon steel sheet shape schematic diagram, the direction of orientation that wherein the dotted arrow direction is the oriented silicon steel disc, the yoke section that wherein 1-1 is stator yoke section unit; 1-2 is the mortise structure that stator yoke section unit has swallowtail shape; 1-3 is the stator keyway; 3 is passage of heat;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 2 (b) is stator yoke section unit;
Fig. 3 (a) is stator teeth unit silicon steel sheet shape schematic diagram, the direction of orientation that wherein the dotted arrow direction is the oriented silicon steel disc, the tooth body that 2-1 is tooth section unit; 2-2 is the tooth root that tooth section unit has the tooth section mortise structure of arrowhead form; The tooth top that 2-3 is tooth section unit;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 3 (b) is the stator teeth unit;
Fig. 4 is stator yoke section unit and tooth section unit spliced structure partial schematic diagram, wherein the tooth top of stator teeth unit radially has as far as possible little size, and the crown of adjacent stators tooth section unit closely splices, slotless effect unshakable in one's determination, stator inner surface is fully smooth;
Fig. 5 is for adopting the cold oil splash schematic diagram that sprays splash oil cooling structure, and 5 is oil cooling service pipe, and wherein 5-1 is the cold oil nozzle;
Fig. 6 is for adopting the oil cooling service pipe of splashing type oil cooling structure;
Fig. 7 is for adopting the amalgamation of oriented silicon steel disc, the stator core of notch closure and the partial schematic diagram of stator winding, wherein 6 is coil rack or pro forma skeleton, 6-1 is slot liner or skeleton body, 6-2 is bottom baffle, 6-3 is top flap, and 7 is centralized stator winding coil limit, and 8 is the air gap between winding (two layer winding) or the air gap between winding and tooth body (single layer winding) in groove;
Fig. 8 is the stator core of the non-closure of notch of employing oriented silicon steel disc amalgamation; 7-1 is lower floor's winding; 7-2 is the upper strata winding; 7-3 is notch; 7-4 is slot wedge; 7-5 is interlayer (alternate) insulation;
Fig. 9 is the stator winding skeleton structure schematic diagram with the heat conduction groove; 6-1 is with the skeleton body that connects groove; 6-2 is the bottom baffle with non-perforation groove; 6-3 is the top flap with non-perforation groove; 6-4 is the perforation heat conduction groove on the skeleton body; The non-perforation heat conduction groove that 6-5 is the bottom baffle inboard; The non-perforation heat conduction groove that 6-6 is the top flap inboard;
Cooling device and cooling structure schematic diagram that Figure 10 is the concentrated winding splashing type oil cooling that adopts two layer winding, 8-1 is the cold oil that cold oil sprays to the winding surface while spraying, the top direction of arrow means the flow direction of the cold oil that circulates; 7 is winding limit in groove; The cold oil that 8-2 is circulation in the Oil Guide groove.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of the utility model is for adopting as shown in drawings the electric machine stator iron structure of oriented silicon steel disc amalgamation structure, motor stator is closed slot, therefore slotless effect, stator winding adopts the concentrated winding construction with the skeleton skeleton of Oil Guide groove (preferably with).
Particularly, electric machine stator iron structure of the present utility model, its stator core is divided into two kinds of basic structure members, first stator yoke section unit 1, it two is stator teeth unit 2.Stator yoke section unit 1 has identical quantity with stator teeth unit 2, and the groove that is equal to stator is counted Z
1.The stator yoke section unit 1 the utility model proposes, the direction of orientation of its silicon steel sheet is circumferential (tangentially) direction, it is yoke section bearing of trend, and on stator yoke section unit 1 near the wire casing place, there is one along the cooling duct of axially running through whole stator core, as shown in Figure 2, this cooling duct and wire casing UNICOM.The stator teeth unit 2 the utility model proposes, the direction of orientation of its silicon steel sheet is radial direction, i.e. tooth body bearing of trend.The stator teeth unit 2 the utility model proposes, its tooth top is pole shoe shape structure, and the arc length of preferred version pole shoe (stator addendum width) equals the Z of frame bore girth
1/ mono-.The preferred stator teeth unit 2 the utility model proposes, after all tooth section unit and the unit spliced combination of all yokes section, adjacent teeth section pole shoe seamless combination, and make wire casing fully closed, stator core presents smooth inner surface in inner radius, essentially no slot effect.The stator teeth unit 2 the utility model proposes, crown thickness radially is as far as possible little, is beneficial to reduce stator crown leakage field, and obtains large as far as possible wire casing space.The stator teeth unit 2 the utility model proposes and stator yoke section unit 1, at stator teeth, have arrowhead form with the tooth root at 1 place of linking, stator yoke section unit, and have mortise structure; In stator yoke section unit 1, with the stator teeth unit, 2 places of linking have swallowtail shape, also have mortise structure; The above-mentioned shape of tooth section and yoke section, after making them splice and combine, main magnetic circuit has minimum magnetic resistance, and their adopt joggle mode to splice and can closely be bound up, and prevents from getting loose.
Yoke section and tooth section silicon steel sheet all adopt the mode automated production of band high speed stamping.
Stator winding adopts concentrates the winding mode, is wound on skeleton, then is integrated in stator core, and wire preferred flat (rectangle) enamelled wire of winding, in order to improve copper factor.
The passage of heat on each stator yoke section unit of take is basis, the integrated cooling device that sprays the splash oil cooling.Inlay oil cooling service pipe in passage of heat, be uniform-distribution with the cold oil nozzle on oil cooling service pipe, for the motor that adopts the type of cooling of spraying the splash oil cooling.
The electric machine stator iron structure is with embodiment 1, differently from embodiment 1 is to take that passage of heat and the gap between winding of stator yoke section are the cooling device that basis forms air blast cooling, for the motor of the type of cooling that adopts air blast cooling.
The electric machine stator iron structure is with embodiment 1, differently from embodiment 1 is to take that passage of heat and the stator slot of stator yoke section are basis, forms the cooling device of water-cooled, for the motor of the type of cooling that adopts water-cooled.
The electric machine stator iron structure is with embodiment 1, differently from embodiment 1 is to take that passage of heat and the stator slot of stator yoke section are basis, forms the transpiration-cooled cooling device that utilizes heat pump techniques, for the motor of the vapor cooling system that adopts heat pump techniques.
From embodiment 1 different be the electric machine stator iron structure adopt semi-closed port, half-open can or open slot, stator winding adopts distributed winding.The type of cooling can adopt the type of cooling in embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 and embodiment 4, as shown in Figure 8.Wherein, for embodiment 2, difference is that the air channel of air blast cooling device is the passage of heat of stator yoke section, and wire casing is interior without air channel; For embodiment 3 and embodiment 4, difference is that winding wire slot needn't seal, also without cooling medium.
Claims (9)
1. the structure of an electric machine stator iron, it is characterized in that: stator core is combined by stator yoke section unit and stator teeth unit spliced, and stator yoke section unit has identical quantity with the stator teeth unit, and the groove that is equal to stator is counted Z
1; Stator yoke section unit and stator teeth unit are all to be formed by stacking by the oriented silicon steel disc, described stator teeth unit consists of tooth top, tooth body, tooth root, all stator teeth cell rings are around a circle distribution, the center of circle is all passed through in the axis of each stator teeth unit, forming joggle groove structure between the tooth root of adjacent teeth section unit, is the wire casing of stator winding between adjacent teeth section unit tooth body; Connect a stator yoke section unit between every two adjacent tooth section unit, stator yoke section unit and the place of linking, stator teeth unit for and the tooth root of tooth section unit between the mortise structure that matches of the joggle groove structure that forms, between tooth section unit with stator yoke section unit between to connect be joggle, the direction of orientation of the silicon steel sheet of stator yoke section unit is circumferential direction, and the direction of orientation of the silicon steel sheet of stator teeth unit is radial direction.
2. the structure of electric machine stator iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tooth top of described stator teeth unit is pole shoe shape structure, tooth root is the arrow-shaped structure, stator yoke section unit and the place of linking, stator teeth unit for and the tooth root of tooth section unit between the mortise structure of the swallowtail shape that matches of the joggle groove structure that forms.
3. the structure of electric machine stator iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the width of the tooth root section of described stator teeth unit is less than the width of tooth body; Tooth top thickness radially is less than the width of tooth body.
4. the structure of electric machine stator iron according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the arc length of described tooth top pole shoe equals the Z of frame bore girth
1/ mono-, Z
1groove number for stator; Adjacent teeth section unit crown seamless combination, and make wire casing fully closed, stator core presents smooth inner surface in inner radius.
5. the structure of electric machine stator iron according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described stator addendum width is less than the stator tooth distance, and stator slot is semi-closed port, half opening or open slot.
6. the structure of electric machine stator iron according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: on stator yoke section unit, near the wire casing place, there is one to link with wire casing, and along motor shaft to the passage of heat connected.
7. the structure of electric machine stator iron according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the heat dissipation channel of described stator yoke section is positioned at the symmetry axis place of stator yoke section, or is positioned at stator yoke section along circumferentially near the edge of wire casing.
8. the cooling device of the motor stator of the structure based on claim 6 or electric machine stator iron claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: its cooling device is one of following four kinds of structures:
A. the cooling structure of air blast cooling
Be respectively equipped with wind guiding inlet and air outlet at the two ends of motor stator, wind guiding inlet covered between described passage of heat and winding or the tooth body of winding and adjacent stators tooth section unit between the heat dissipation channel that forms of gap, under the effect of fan, cooling-air through filtering enters above-mentioned heat dissipation channel from wind guiding inlet, from the air outlet of the stator other end, discharge again, cooling-air directly blows over the stator winding surface and stator yoke section is unshakable in one's determination inner, the heat of winding and stator core inside is taken out of, utilized cross-ventilation to realize motor is carried out to air blast cooling;
B. the cooling structure of Forced water cooling
Increase end cover in the motor stator both side ends, utilize these end covers and stator core that stator winding is wrapped up fully, form the space of sealing, the stator winding wire casing be take as basis in this space, and expand to beyond electric motor winding end, whole stator winding is included, is full of the cooling medium of insulating heat-conductive in the space of this sealing; All embed a cooling water pipe in passage of heat on each stator yoke section unit, these cooling water pipes by series, parallel or string, and mix the mode connected and be linked together, with the cooling water house steward, connect again, cooling fluid enters the cooling water house steward by radiator tank through water pump, then enter above-mentioned cooling water pipe, to above-mentioned cooling medium cooling, thereby carry out cooling to motor stator winding and iron core;
C. spray the cooling structure of splash oil cooling
All inlay oil cooling service pipe in above-mentioned passage of heat in each stator yoke section unit, be evenly distributed with vertically the cold oil nozzle on oil cooling service pipe, the center line of the injection direction of nozzle points to the electrical axis line, the above-mentioned oil cooling service pipe that is embedded in stator yoke section unit adopts series connection, parallel connection or string, and the mode of mixing connection is connected, an end at motor stator forms total cold oil pipeline, at the other end of motor stator or in cold oil pipeline same side, an Oil Guide passage is arranged, in the stator core both sides, end face all has end cover, prevent that cold oil from flowing out wire casing beyond the Oil Guide passage, utilize oil pump will after the sub-cooled oil pressurization of heat radiation, from above-mentioned total cold oil pipeline, enter the oil cooling service pipe of said stator yoke section's passage of heat inside, and by the cold oil nozzle on it directly to stator winding jet surface cold oil, realization is cooling to stator winding, cold oil through with stator winding and stator core heat exchange after, the cold oil absorbed after winding heat thereby temperature raise falls into the wire casing space, by axially flowing back in oil sump along above-mentioned Oil Guide passage through the motor stator end, through cooling in oil sump, cold oil utilizes oil pump to send into above-mentioned total cold oil pipeline again, form the oil cooling system of circulation,
D. utilize the transpiration-cooled cooling structure of heat pump techniques
For this cooling structure, utilize heat pump techniques that the transfer of heat of motor stator winding and stator core is dispelled the heat to condenser, the same with above-mentioned water-cooling structure, by stator winding, seal and be immersed in cooling medium, inlay the evaporator pipeline of compressor of air conditioner in the passage of heat of stator yoke section iron core, these evaporator pipelines are by series connection, parallel connection or string, and mixing is linked together, with the evaporator house steward, connect again, these evaporator pipelines directly contact with the cooling medium in the motor stator wire casing, the cold-producing medium of low-temp low-pressure becomes gaseous state in these evaporator pipeline inside by liquid state, absorb the heat of the above-mentioned cooling medium in wire casing, thereby reduce the temperature of cooling medium, for motor stator winding and cooling unshakable in one's determination, again after refrigerant compressor, become the liquid state of HTHP through the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant after evaporator, its heat is shed by the condenser of outside motor.
9. cooling device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: stator winding is the winding with skeleton, stator winding with skeleton closely is enclosed within on the stator teeth unit, between the winding of between the skeleton of wire casing both sides and wire casing both sides, leaves gap, and skeleton is one of following three kinds of structures:
A. the integrated structure of skeleton body and baffle plate;
B. the skeleton body is engraved structure, be distributed with the heat conduction groove of perforation along stator tooth body bearing of trend, these heat conduction grooves extend to bottom and the top flap of skeleton always, circumferentially be distributed with the heat conduction groove of non-perforation along motor in the bottom of skeleton and the inboard of top flap, the non-perforation heat conduction groove of bottom and top flap and the perforation heat conduction groove on the skeleton body link;
C. the chassis less construction that top flap is separated with the skeleton body with bottom baffle, that is: be wound around the insulating material of wire casing with it at the said stator tooth, or coating heat-conducting insulation material, form the end cylinder of stator winding, winding directly is wound on this end cylinder, this end cylinder and upper and lower baffle plate form " pro forma skeleton ", and this end cylinder is " pro forma skeleton body ".
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| CN 201320273653 CN203352307U (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2013-05-17 | Structure of motor stator core and cooling device of motor stator |
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