CN203297461U - Hydro-pneumatic spring with variable parameters - Google Patents

Abstract

A variable parameter oil-gas spring, including a hydraulic cylinder and an accumulator. The interior of the hydraulic cylinder is divided into a rod liquid chamber and a rodless liquid chamber by the piston, and the two chambers are connected through a damping hole on the piston to store energy. The interior of the accumulator is divided into a gas chamber and a liquid chamber by an elastic diaphragm. The two liquid chambers in the hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected with the liquid chamber in the accumulator through pipelines and flow area regulating valves and other valves, and one is connected with the gas chamber in the accumulator. There are additional air chambers through which the gas flow area can be adjusted, and the air can be charged and deflated through the additional air chambers or the air holes set on the accumulator, so that the stiffness, damping and height of the oil-pneumatic spring can be adjusted. . The structure is simple, the manufacturing difficulty is low, and the arrangement is more flexible during installation.

Description

Variable parameter oil and gas spring

technical field

The utility model relates to a load-bearing vibration-damping component, in particular to a variable-parameter oil-pneumatic spring, which can be used for the suspension of a car body or a driver's cab to play the role of a spring and a damper, and its stiffness, damping and height can be adjust. the

Background technique

The oil-gas spring is the core component of the oil-gas suspension. It is an elastic element that uses the compression of gas to store energy. It is developed on the basis of the membrane air spring. It uses a metal container as an air chamber, an inert nitrogen gas as an elastic element, and oil as an intermediate medium between the piston and the gas. According to the position of the accumulator relative to the hydraulic cylinder, the oil-gas spring is divided into an integrated type and a split type. According to whether the gas-liquid in the accumulator is separated, it is divided into an oil-gas non-separated type and an oil-gas separated type separated by an elastic diaphragm. The form of accumulator is divided into single air chamber, double air chamber and two-stage air pressure type. The single-chamber oil-pneumatic spring has only one air chamber, and the piston reciprocates in the hydraulic cylinder, which causes the gas in the air chamber to compress or expand, and the hydraulic oil flows in and out of each chamber, the elastic force generated by the gas deformation and the damping generated by the oil The action realizes the elasticity and damping action of the oil and gas spring respectively. The double-chamber oil-pneumatic spring is a hydro-pneumatic spring with a back-pressure chamber, which has one more back-pressure chamber than the single-chamber hydro-pneumatic spring, which is also called a back-pressure chamber. The characteristic is that the air chamber that acts as an elastic buffer is composed of two air chambers with positive and negative pressure. When the oil-gas spring is in the compression stroke, the main piston moves inward, the oil flows into the accumulator, and the gas in the positive pressure air chamber is compressed. At the same time, the volume of the annular cavity increases, the volume of the back pressure chamber also increases, and the air pressure decreases accordingly, that is, during the compression stroke, the gas pressure in the positive pressure chamber increases, and the gas pressure in the back pressure chamber decreases; vice versa, that is During the reduction stroke, the gas pressure in the positive pressure chamber decreases, and the gas pressure in the back pressure chamber increases. The two-stage pressure oil-gas spring also has two air chambers, one is a low-pressure air chamber and the other is a high-pressure air chamber. The two air chambers are not connected. When the piston stroke is not large, the oil pressure in each chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is not large ( That is, the low-pressure section), at this time only the low-pressure air chamber works. When the piston stroke increases, the oil pressure in the hydraulic chamber increases (high pressure stage), at this time the low pressure air chamber and the high pressure air chamber work together. the

Because the car equipped with oil-pneumatic suspension can ensure that the minimum ground clearance does not change with the change of load, the vibration frequency under different loads is constant, and the pitching vibration and rolling vibration can be reduced to a certain extent. More and more attention has been paid to the development and research work related to oil and gas springs. the

ZL201110314016.6 discloses an oil-pneumatic spring capable of adjusting both damping and stiffness, and can change the height of the vehicle body. However, due to the high-pressure gas and floating piston in the working cylinder, the required installation height is much larger. This leads to limited practical application on vehicles; direct contact between oil and high-pressure gas increases the possibility of oil emulsification; there are many cavities and complex structures; the range of damping adjustment is also limited. the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a controllable and adjustable oil-pneumatic spring which is mainly composed of three cylinder bodies, the damping, stiffness and height can be controlled and adjusted. A new type of oil-pneumatic spring that will emulsify the oil, and the damping adjustment range is larger. the

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

The variable parameter oil and gas spring of the utility model includes a hydraulic cylinder and an accumulator, and is characterized in that the interior of the hydraulic cylinder is divided into a rod liquid chamber and a rodless liquid chamber by the piston, and the two chambers pass through the damping hole on the piston The interior of the accumulator is divided into a gas chamber and a liquid chamber by an elastic diaphragm. The two liquid chambers in the hydraulic cylinder communicate with the liquid chamber in the accumulator through pipelines and valves, and one is connected to the energy storage chamber through pipelines and valves. An additional gas chamber connected to the gas chamber in the device. the

The volume of the additional air chamber is not greater than twice the maximum volume of the gas chamber in the accumulator. the

The additional air chamber is cylindrical or spherical. the

The gas in the additional gas chamber and the gas chamber of the accumulator is an inert gas, such as nitrogen. the

An air hole is provided on the wall of the additional air chamber or the gas chamber of the accumulator, which can be connected with the inflation and deflation control device to realize inflation and deflation. the

An oil hole is arranged on the wall of the hydraulic cylinder through which hydraulic oil can be replenished. the

The valve provided in the passage between the rodless liquid chamber and the accumulator in the hydraulic cylinder includes a one-way valve and a flow area regulating valve, the one-way valve is only opened when the oil flows into the accumulator from the rodless liquid chamber, The valve arranged in the passage between the rod liquid chamber and the accumulator is a flow area regulating valve. the

The valve provided in the passage between the additional air chamber and the accumulator is a flow area regulating valve. the

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The accumulator is connected to the hydraulic cylinder and the additional air chamber through pipelines, which reduces the height required for installation and increases the flexibility and scope of application of the layout. the

2. Diaphragm accumulator is used to prevent oil emulsification. the

3. An additional air chamber is added to increase the volume of high-pressure gas, which can further reduce the stiffness of the spring, and with the adjustment of the size of the passage, the stiffness can be continuously adjusted within a certain range, and accompanied by a certain gas damping, which is more conducive to Dampens vibrations. the

4. Adjust the body height and foundation rigidity by inflating and deflated. the

5. Adjust the size of the damping by adjusting the size of the liquid passage between the hydraulic cylinder and the liquid chamber of the accumulator through the valve. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural principle schematic diagram of the utility model. the

In the accompanying drawings: 1, hydraulic cylinder, 2, piston, 3, control valve, 4, oil pipe, 5, control valve, 6, one-way valve, 7, accumulator, 8, air hole, 9, air pipe, 10, control Valve, 11, additional air chamber, 12, oil hole. the

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described. the

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is composed of hydraulic cylinder 1, piston 2, control valve 3, oil pipe 4, control valve 5, check valve 6, accumulator 7, air hole 8, air pipe 9, control valve 10, additional Air chamber 11 and oil hole 12 etc. are composed. The interior of the hydraulic cylinder is divided into a rodless liquid chamber A and a rodd liquid chamber B by the piston, and the two chambers are connected through a damping hole on the piston. The interior of the accumulator is divided into a gas chamber C and a liquid chamber D by an elastic diaphragm. A one-way valve 6 and a flow area regulating valve 5 are set in the passage between the chamber A of the hydraulic cylinder and the chamber D of the accumulator. The one-way valve 6 is only opened when the oil flows from the chamber A into the chamber D. The size of the passage when the oil flows from chamber A to chamber D. A flow area regulating valve 3 is set in the flow pipeline between chamber B and chamber D of the accumulator in the hydraulic cylinder, which is used to control the size of the passage when the oil in chamber B and chamber D communicates with each other. A flow area regulating valve 10 is installed in the communication pipeline between the C chamber of the accumulator and the additional air chamber, which is used to control the size of the passage when the gases in the C chamber and the additional air chamber communicate with each other. An air hole 8 is provided on the wall of the additional air chamber or the gas cavity of the accumulator, which can be connected with the inflation and deflation control device to realize the inflation and deflation. An oil hole 12 is provided on the hydraulic cylinder wall, through which hydraulic oil can be replenished. the

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

Connect the lower end of the piston 2 of the oil-gas spring shown in Figure 1 to the axle, the hydraulic cylinder 1 to the vehicle body, and the accumulator 7 and the additional air chamber 11 to be fixed to the chassis or to a certain place on the vehicle body with visible seams. , the frame and the axle produce relative motion, and the piston reciprocates relative to the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder. When the vehicle is running, when the wheel rolls on a bump or rolls out of a pit, the axle is close to the frame, the suspension is in the compression stroke, the oil in the A cavity is compressed, forcing the oil to move in two directions: one is with As the oil pressure increases, the oil flows through the one-way valve 6 and the flow area regulating valve 5 into the chamber D of the accumulator, and further compresses the gas volume in the chamber C of the accumulator and the additional air chamber 11, at this time the flow is adjusted. The opening of the area regulating valve 10 can change the degree of difficulty in compressing the gas, which is reflected in a wider range of changes in stiffness. At the same time, the gas flowing through the flow area regulating valve 10 is subject to certain resistance, which is reflected in the generation of certain damping The second is that with the movement of the piston, the volume of the B chamber increases, and the oil flows into the B chamber through the damping hole on the piston 2; at the same time, part of the liquid flowing through the one-way valve 6 flows into the B chamber through the flow area regulating valve 3 until The pressure in each cavity is balanced. In this process, due to the one-way valve 6, the damping hole on the piston 2 and the flow area regulating valve 3, the first cavity and the second cavity are connected at the same time, the flow rate of the oil is low, and the oil damping force generated is relatively small, which is mainly caused by the accumulator. The gas in the energy device 7 and the additional air chamber 11 is compressed to produce an elastic action to restrain the movement of the piston 2 . the

When the wheel rolls off the bump or rolls into the pit, the axle is far away from the frame, the suspension is in the recovery stroke, the oil pressure in chamber A decreases, and the oil in chamber B flows to chamber A through the damping hole, which is one-way at this time Valve 6 is closed. With the movement of piston 2, the volume of chamber A increases more than the volume of chamber B decreases. At this time, part of the oil in chamber 7D of the accumulator flows into chamber B under the action of compressed gas pressure until the pressure of each chamber is balanced. . Since the one-way valve 6 is in the closed state during the recovery stroke, the oil only flows through the damping hole on the piston 2 and the flow area regulating valve 3, and the flow rate is high, which will inevitably generate a large damping force, thereby inhibiting the movement of the piston 2 , and quickly attenuate the vibration. the

When the oil and gas with pressure difference flow through the damping hole and the flow area regulating valve, the energy consumed by damping is converted into heat, which increases the temperature of the oil, and then passes through the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder, the outer wall of the pipeline, and the outer wall of the accumulator. disperse into the environment. the

It can be seen from the principle analysis that in the compression stroke of the oil-pneumatic suspension, the damping force generated by the hydraulic cylinder is relatively small, and the elastic effect of the gas in the accumulator 7 and the additional air chamber 11 is fully utilized, which is equivalent to the spring effect of the traditional suspension. And as the opening of the flow area regulating valve 10 changes, the stiffness of the spring changes in a wider range, reducing or maintaining the natural vibration frequency of the system, accompanied by a certain gas damping effect, which can accelerate the attenuation of vibration; During the stroke, the generated damping force is relatively large in order to quickly attenuate the vibration. This process is equivalent to the damper function of the traditional suspension. the

Since the additional air chamber 11 and the C chamber of the accumulator 7 are connected, the height adjustment of the spring can be realized by charging or releasing nitrogen through the air holes 8 on the additional air chamber 11 or the accumulator 7 to change the total amount of gas. The adjustment of the height of the body when the body is running under different loads and different road surfaces can enhance the passability and ride comfort of the car, and can also realize the adjustment of the basic stiffness of the oil-pneumatic spring. the

The wall of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is provided with an oil hole 12 through which hydraulic oil can be replenished, and the basic stiffness of the oil-pneumatic spring can also be adjusted accordingly. the

The above-mentioned specific embodiments are used to explain the utility model, rather than to limit the utility model. Within the spirit of the utility model and the protection scope of the claims, all technical solutions obtained by taking equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation to the utility model , all fall into the protection scope of the present utility model. the

Claims (8)

1. Variable parameter oil and gas springs, including hydraulic cylinders and accumulators, are characterized in that the interior of the hydraulic cylinder is divided into a rod liquid chamber and a rodless liquid chamber by the piston, and the two chambers are connected through the damping hole on the piston , the interior of the accumulator is divided into a gas chamber and a liquid chamber by an elastic diaphragm. The two liquid chambers in the hydraulic cylinder communicate with the liquid chamber in the accumulator through pipelines and valves, and one is connected to the accumulator through pipelines and valves. Additional gas chambers connected to the gas cavity. the 2. The variable parameter oil-gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of the additional air chamber is not greater than twice the maximum volume of the gas chamber in the accumulator. the 3. The variable parameter oil-gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional air chamber is cylindrical or spherical. the 4. The variable parameter oil-gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas in the additional gas chamber and the gas chamber of the accumulator is an inert gas, such as nitrogen. the 5. The variable parameter oil-gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that there is an air hole on the wall of the additional air chamber or the gas chamber of the accumulator, which can be connected to the inflation and deflation control device to realize the inflation and deflation. the 6. The variable parameter oil-pneumatic spring according to claim 1, characterized in that an oil hole is provided on the wall of the hydraulic cylinder through which hydraulic oil can be replenished. the 7. The variable parameter oil-gas spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve provided in the passage between the rodless liquid chamber and the accumulator in the hydraulic cylinder includes a one-way valve and a flow area regulating valve, and the one-way valve only It is opened when the oil flows into the accumulator from the rodless liquid chamber, and the valve set in the passage between the rod liquid chamber and the accumulator is a flow area regulating valve. the 8. The variable parameter oil-pneumatic spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve provided in the passage between the additional air chamber and the accumulator is a flow area regulating valve. the

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