CN203289855U - Bionic boot type fertilization opener - Google Patents

Abstract

The bionic boot-type fertilization ditch opener belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. In the utility model, the shovel point is fixedly connected to the front end of the shovel surface, the shovel handle is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shovel surface, the fertilizer cylinder is fixedly connected to the rear side of the shovel surface, and the fertilizer delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the shovel surface. On the upper end of the fertilizer tube; the front surface of the shovel handle has a curve A of bionic structure, and its equation is: y=-0.0017x ⁴ +0.0161x ³ -0.0357x ² +0.5161x+30.236, where: -7mm<x<8mm The utility model solves the problems of contact shear resistance, large friction force and clay on the shovel surface during the working process of the traditional boot-type fertilization ditch opener, and works better than the common boot-type fertilization ditch opener. The resistance is reduced by 10% to 18%, the phenomenon of soil adhesion is significantly reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the working efficiency of the opener is significantly improved.

Description

Bionic boot fertilization opener

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a boot-type fertilization ditch opener with a bionic structure.

Background technique

The fertilization opener is an important soil-contacting working part in agricultural production machinery. Its performance directly affects the working quality of the fertilizer applicator, which is related to the distribution accuracy of fertilizer in the row and depth, the balance, stability and power consumption of the whole machine. Under no-tillage and low-tillage tillage, the problem of fertilization ditching part clay and ditching part resistance increase is more prominent, which makes the groove shape and depth of the ditching part irregular, which directly affects the quality of fertilization. Reducing drag and viscosity can not only improve the quality of fertilization and reduce the working resistance of ditching parts, but also have a significant impact on improving the comprehensive benefits of agricultural production. Through long-term research, the working resistance of fertilization is not only related to the working environment (including soil structure, moisture, etc.), but also closely related to the spatial structure form, material composition and surface treatment of the opener.

Studies have found that some soil cave animals, such as badgers, voles, mole crickets, pangolins, earthworms, etc., have evolved body structures adapted to different soil environments after long-term evolution (such as feet with digging functions, so that they have strong excavation capabilities. Hole ability) and functions (such as body surface is hydrophobic, not clay), become the basis of bionic research and design of soil-touching operation parts such as excavation, cutting, loosening and other methods. Therefore, applying the structural shape of badger (Melesmeles) claw toe and BD706 large particle wear-resistant coating with wear resistance and good bonding strength to the metal substrate in the bionic design and manufacture of fertilization ditch openers can be effective Reduce working resistance and reduce clay on the shovel surface to improve work efficiency and reduce resource consumption.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problems that the existing boot-type fertilization ditch opener has large working resistance and low working efficiency, and when working in relatively moist soil, it will make the surface of the shovel and the outer surface of the shovel handle clay and so on. Badger's claw toe structure, and a fertilization opener coated with a wear-resistant coating on the surface to improve the working efficiency of the opener, so that it has a good function of reducing viscosity and drag.

The utility model is composed of a shovel tip 1, a shovel surface 2, a shovel handle 3, a fertilizer delivery pipe 4 and a fertilizer cylinder 5, wherein the shovel tip 1 is fixedly connected to the front end of the shovel surface 2, and the shovel handle 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shovel surface 2. The cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the shovel surface 2, and the fertilizer delivery pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fertilizer cylinder 5; the shovel handle 3 is different from other openers, and the cutting edge on the front surface of the shovel handle is used to cut the fertilizer during fertilization. Cut the broken soil, reduce the stress on the shovel surface 2 and the soil; the cutting edge on the front surface of the shovel handle has the curve A of the bionic structure, and its equation is:

y=-0.0017x ⁴ +0.0161x ³ -0.0357x ² +0.5161x+30.236

Among them: -7mm<x<8mm.

Described shovel surface 2 is processed through the following steps:

1. Coarsening treatment: use dry sand blasting method to spray iron sand with a particle size of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm on the shovel surface 2;

2. Cleaning: spray alkaline cleaning solution on the shovel surface 2 to remove oil stains;

3. Coating: Spray BD706 large particle wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 5mm to 8mm;

4. Heating and curing: heat to 60 ℃ ~ 80 ℃, keep warm for 2 hours.

The entry angle α of the fertilization ditch opener is 20°-35°, and the clearance angle ε is 17°.

The cutting edge on the front surface of the shovel handle with the coupling effect of structure and material has the curve A of the bionic structure and the coating material, which are jointly applied to the processing and manufacturing of the fertilization ditch opener of the utility model.

The cutting edge on the front surface of the shovel handle of the utility model has the curve A of the bionic structure, and the shovel surface has a coating, which solves the contact shear resistance and friction between the cutting edge of the shovel handle and the soil during the working process of the traditional boot-type fertilization ditch opener. Due to problems such as large and shovel surface clay, the opener has a good function of reducing viscosity and drag, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency of the opener.

The bionic boot-type fertilization ditch opener described in the utility model has a good coupling and synergistic effect between the bionic shovel handle edge curve structure and the shovel surface coating material, and the working resistance is reduced by 10% compared with the ordinary boot-type fertilization ditch opener. ~18%, the phenomenon of soil adhesion is significantly reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the front view of the bionic boot fertilization opener

Figure 2 is a top view of the bionic boot fertilization opener

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of section I-I in Figure 1

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the section II-II in Figure 1

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the section III-III in Figure 1

Figure 6 is the curve equation of the badger (Melesmeles) most closely in contact with the soil along the longitudinal direction of the claw toe

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the shovel surface structure

Among them: 1. Shovel tip 2. Shovel surface 3. Shovel handle 4. Fertilizer delivery pipe 5. Fertilizer tube A-curve with bionic structure a-shovel handle section length b-shovel handle section width d1-fertilizer tube arc diameter d2- Width H-distance between the top of the shovel handle and the horizontal ground H1-distance between the top of the fertilizer tube and the horizontal ground L-distance between the tip of the shovel and the vertical part of the shovel handle Clearance angle

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, explain the specific content of the utility model step by step and do a detailed introduction: referring to Fig. 1: the utility model is made of shovel point 1, the shovel surface 2 that is coated with composite paint, the shovel handle 3 that has bionic curve, input The fat pipe 4 and the fat tube 5 are formed. The cutting edge on the front surface of the shovel handle has a curve A of the bionic structure, and its equation is:

y=-0.0017x ⁴ +0.0161x ³ -0.0357x ² +0.5161x+30.236

Among them: -7mm<x<8mm.

Combining the above curve equation and fully considering the practical application of the opener, the optimal value range of x is: -5mm<x<4mm.

Described shovel surface 2 is processed through the following steps:

1. Coarsening treatment: use dry sand blasting method to spray iron sand with a particle size of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm on the shovel surface 2;

2. Cleaning: spray alkaline cleaning solution on the shovel surface 2 to remove oil stains;

3. Coating: Spray BD706 large particle wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 5mm to 8mm;

4. Heating and curing: heat to 60 ℃ ~ 80 ℃, keep warm for 2 hours.

The distance H between the top of the shovel handle of the bionic boot-type fertilization ditch opener and the horizontal ground is 500mm (it can be appropriately increased or decreased according to actual work requirements), the distance _H1 between the top of the fertilizer tube and the horizontal ground is 300mm, and the distance from the shovel tip to the shovel handle The horizontal distance L of the vertical straight line part is 138mm, the section length a of the shovel handle is 45mm, and the section width b of the shovel handle is 14mm. The thickness δ of the inner wall of the fertilizer cylinder is 2mm, the radian diameter d1 of the fertilizer cylinder is 46mm, and the width d2 is 45mm. .

Design example:

According to the relevant design parameters of the fertilization opener specified in the agricultural machinery design manual, the distance H from the top of the shovel handle of the bionic boot type fertilization opener to the horizontal ground is 500 mm, and the entry angle α of the fertilization opener is 30°. Design and manufacture of openers with two different bionic structures.

Example 1

The cutting edge on the front surface of the shovel handle has a curve A of the bionic structure, and its equation is: y=-0.0017x ⁴ +0.0161x ³ -0.0357x ² +0.5161x+30.236, and it is made into a real piece, and the actual parameter test is carried out in the field , optimized and analyzed the obtained experimental data, and concluded that the working resistance of the opener with bionic structure design is reduced by 5% to 8% in actual operation, and the phenomenon of soil adhesion is reduced.

Example 2

On the basis of the ditch opener designed and manufactured in Example 1, the shovel surface 2 of the bionic boot type fertilization ditch opener is processed through the following steps:

1) Coarsening treatment: use dry sand blasting method to spray iron sand with a particle size of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm on the shovel surface 2;

2) Cleaning: spray alkaline cleaning liquid on the shovel surface 2 to remove oil stains;

3) Coating: Spray BD706 large particle wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 5mm to 8mm;

4) Heating and curing: heating to 60°C to 80°C and keeping it warm for 2 hours.

The same field test as Example 1 was conducted, and it was found that the bionic shovel handle edge curve and the shovel surface composite coating are jointly applied to the design and manufacture of the utility model fertilization ditch opener, and there is a good coupling synergy between the two , has better performance than ordinary openers and the openers designed in Example 1, so that when the openers are actually working, the working resistance is reduced by 10% to 18%, the phenomenon of soil adhesion is significantly reduced, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced .

Claims (2)

1. A bionic boot type fertilization ditch opener is made up of shovel tip (1), shovel surface (2), shovel handle (3), fertilizer delivery pipe (4) and fertilizer tube (5), and is characterized in that shovel tip (1) is fixedly connected to the front end of the shovel surface (2), the shovel handle (3) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the shovel surface (2), the fertilizer tube (5) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the shovel surface (2), and the fertilizer delivery pipe (4) It is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fertilizer tube (5); the cutting edge on the front surface of the shovel handle has a curve A of a bionic structure, and its equation is: y=-0.0017x ⁴ +0.0161x ³ -0.0357x ² +0.5161x+30.236 Among them: -7mm<x<8mm. the 2. The bionic boot-type fertilization opener according to claim 1, characterized in that the entry angle α of the fertilization opener is 20°-35°, and the clearance angle ε is 17°. the

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