CN203243240U - Constant-current power supply without electrolytic capacitor for LED (light-emitting diode) - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种LED无电解电容恒流电源，包括整流电路、变频电路、推动输出电路、反馈控制电路、反馈保护电路，控制恒流反馈信息分为三路反馈，第一路是外部电压经R1、TV1反馈，第二路是频率处在低频时流过自耦变压器的电流经电阻R3反馈，第三路是频率处在高频时，自耦变压器的变压电流经电阻R15反馈；本电源输出电流都是直流脉冲组成的平均电流，根据外部的电压变化，输出的脉冲宽度也是不同的，所指的恒流是在一定的周期内、指的其平均电流，本电源结构简单，解决了现有恒流源中对电解电容的要求，去掉了电解电容，体积可以做得更小，电路便于集成，温度环境可以工作在更高的温度下，寿命比有电解电容的恒流源要更长。
The utility model discloses an LED non-electrolytic capacitor constant current power supply, which comprises a rectification circuit, a frequency conversion circuit, a push output circuit, a feedback control circuit, and a feedback protection circuit. The voltage is fed back through R1 and TV1, the second way is the current flowing through the autotransformer when the frequency is at a low frequency and is fed back through the resistor R3, and the third way is when the frequency is at a high frequency, the transformed current of the autotransformer is fed back through the resistor R15 ;The output current of this power supply is the average current composed of DC pulses. According to the external voltage change, the output pulse width is also different. The constant current refers to its average current within a certain period. The structure of this power supply is simple. , to solve the requirements of the electrolytic capacitor in the existing constant current source, remove the electrolytic capacitor, the volume can be made smaller, the circuit is easy to integrate, the temperature environment can work at a higher temperature, and the life is longer than that of the constant current source with electrolytic capacitor to be longer.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及电源电路领域，龙其涉及LED无电解电容恒流电源。具有结构简单、便于小型和集成化、无电解电容、耐一定的高温、使用寿命长、节约能源的优点。 The utility model relates to the field of power supply circuits, in particular to an LED non-electrolytic capacitor constant-current power supply. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient miniaturization and integration, no electrolytic capacitor, certain high temperature resistance, long service life and energy saving. the
背景技术 Background technique
LED照明得到了广泛的应用，实践证明，LED供电电流恒定能有效提高发光光源即发光二极管的使用寿命，理论上LED的使用寿命可以达到5万小时，但是与其匹配的电源寿命却难以达到该寿命，影响了整个LED的使用时间，其中制约电源使用寿命的主要部件就是电解电容，而且温度对电解电容的影响明显，电解电容相对其它部件来说体积比较大，不便于小型化。 LED lighting has been widely used. Practice has proved that constant LED power supply current can effectively improve the service life of light-emitting light sources, that is, light-emitting diodes. Theoretically, the service life of LEDs can reach 50,000 hours, but the service life of the matching power supply is difficult to reach this life. , which affects the service life of the entire LED. The main component that restricts the service life of the power supply is the electrolytic capacitor, and the temperature has a significant impact on the electrolytic capacitor. Compared with other components, the electrolytic capacitor is relatively large in size and is not easy to miniaturize. the
实用新型内容 Utility model content
为了解决上述问题，本实用新型公开了一种LED无电解电容恒流电源。具有结构简单、便于小型和集成化、无电解电容、耐一定的高温、使用寿命长、节约能源的优点。 In order to solve the above problems , the utility model discloses an LED electrolytic capacitor constant current power supply. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient miniaturization and integration, no electrolytic capacitor, certain high temperature resistance, long service life and energy saving.
为实现上述目的，采用如下技术方案： In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted:
一种LED无电解电容恒流电源，包括整流电路1、变频电路2、推动输出电路3、反馈控制电路4、反馈保护电路5，其特征在于：
An LED non-electrolytic capacitor constant current power supply, comprising a
整流电路1包括一个全桥块VC和一个电容C1，电容C1的两端直接和全桥块VC的输出正负端相连，此正负端作为整个电路的正端和负端；
The
变频电路2由电阻R1的两端和三极管VT1的射极和集电极相连，VT1射极和正端相连、集电极和电阻R2、电容C2串联接到负端，电阻R2、电容C2串连接点又和三极管VT2及三极管VT4的基极相连，电阻R2、电容C2串连接点又和反馈控制管VT9的集电极相连，分压电阻R7、分压电阻R9的一端连接负端，另一端分别和电阻R6、电阻R8串联，串联点分别和三极管VT2、三极管VT4射极相连，电阻R6、电阻R8的另一端一起和电阻R5再串联，电阻R5的另一端连接正端，电阻R5、电阻R6、电阻R8的连接点对负端之间接入一只稳压二极管VD1，用以保持三极管VT2、三极管VT4射极分压电压的稳定，三极管VT2的集电极经电阻R10连接三极管VT3的基极，给三极管VT3提供正向导通的正向偏压，三极管VT3的射极连接正端，三极管VT3集电极连接触发作用的三极管VT5射极、可控硅V1的阳极、正向偏置电阻R11，三极管VT4的集电极经电阻R12连接三极管VT5的基极，三极管VT5的集电极经电阻R13和可控硅V1、可控硅V2的控制极相连，放电控制可控硅V1的阴极经电阻R14连接反馈控制管VT9的基极，反馈控制管VT9的射极连接负端，其中三极管VT4的射极点分压电压高于三极管VT2的射极点分压电压；
The
经上述电连接后，形成如下功能，正负两端电压快速上升，C2两端电压随之快速上升，VT2、VT4分别先后导通， VT4导通后，V1导通使VT9对C2放电，直至VT4 、VT2 、V1先后截止，再重新回到对C2充电过程，正负两端电压越高，上述过程重复的频率越高； After the above electrical connection, the following functions are formed. The voltage at both ends of the positive and negative ends rises rapidly, and the voltage at both ends of C2 rises rapidly accordingly. VT2 and VT4 are respectively turned on successively. After VT4 is turned on, V1 is turned on to discharge VT9 to C2 until VT4, VT2, and V1 are cut off successively, and then return to the charging process of C2. The higher the voltage at the positive and negative ends, the higher the frequency of repetition of the above process;
推动输出电路3由变频电路2输出部分经正向偏置电阻R11连接驱动三极管VT6的基极、连接停止控制可控硅V2的阳极，可控硅V2的阴极接负端，三极管VT6的集电极连接正端、射极连接开关三极管VT7的基极，三极管VT7的集电极经取样电阻R3连接到正端、三极管VT7的射极连接到自耦变压器T的一端、自耦变压器T的另一端和负载LED相连、中心抽头连接二极管D的负极端、二极管D的正极端经取样电阻R15接负端；
The
经上所述电连接可知，变频部分VT2导通后，VT6、VT7随之导通，变频部分VT4导通后，V2导通，关断VT6、使VT7载止，直至VT2、VT4都载止，才能再重复下一周期的过程，别外，VT7导通，电流流过负载LED、自耦变压器T，同时自耦变压器T储存磁能，当VT7载止，自耦变压器T磁能转变成电能经负载LED、R15、D释放； It can be seen from the above electrical connection that after the frequency conversion part VT2 is turned on, VT6 and VT7 are turned on accordingly, after the frequency conversion part VT4 is turned on, V2 is turned on, and VT6 is turned off to stop VT7 until both VT2 and VT4 are stopped. , to repeat the process of the next cycle. In addition, VT7 is turned on, and the current flows through the load LED and autotransformer T. At the same time, the autotransformer T stores magnetic energy. When VT7 stops, the magnetic energy of the autotransformer T is converted into electrical energy through Load LED, R15, D release;
反馈控制电路4由三路组成，第一路包括电阻R1、电阻R2、电容C2，外界电压的变动直接会使正负两端也变化，经电阻R1、电阻R2可以改变对电容C2充电的快慢使变频频率发生变化，第二路是取样电阻R3两端的电压经电阻R4连接到三极管VT1的基极，起到调节三极管VT1饱和度来控制对电容C2的充电快慢，从而改变变频部分的频率，第三路是取样电阻R15两端的电压经电阻R16连接到三极管VT8的基极，电容C3的两端连接到取样电阻R15的两端，反向偏置电阻R17连接到三极管VT8的基极和射极、三极管VT8的射极和集电极分别连接反馈控制管VT9的基极和负端，取样电阻R15两端的电压可以改变反馈控制管VT9对电容C2放电的快慢，从而改变变频部分控制推动部分失电时间的长短；
The
反馈保护电路5由两路组成，第一路包括电阻R3、电阻R18、三极管VT10、二极管VD2、可控硅V3、电阻R19，连接在电阻R3一端的电阻R18和三极管VT10的基极相连，三极管VT10的射极和稳压三极管VD的正极端相连接、稳压二极管VD2的负极端接正端，三极管VT10的集电极接可控硅V3的控制极，可控硅V3阳极接三极管VT10的射极，可控硅V3阴极接电阻R19跟可控硅V1、可控硅V2的控制极连接，第二路包括电阻R15、稳压二极管VD3、三极管VT11、电阻R20、电阻R21，稳压二极管VD3的负极端跟取样电阻R15连接，稳压二极管VD3正极端跟三极管VT11射极相连、三极管VT11基极经电阻R20连接负端、集电极经电阻R21连接三极管VT10基极；
The
经本部分电连接后，当负载电流过大时，在取样电阴R3或R15两端会出现过大的电压，使稳压二极管VD2或VD3反向击穿，形成电流最终经VT10让V3、V2、V1导通，形成保护，保护后需要断开总电源才能恢复； After the electrical connection of this part, when the load current is too large, an excessive voltage will appear at both ends of the sampling resistor R3 or R15, causing the Zener diode VD2 or VD3 to reverse breakdown, forming a current that finally passes through VT10 to allow V3, V2 and V1 are turned on to form a protection. After the protection, the main power supply needs to be disconnected to recover;
本实用新型的原理：本实用新型根据自耦变压器的电感特性而设计，一是当通过自耦变压器的脉冲频率高时，感抗增大，电流减小，脉冲频率低时感抗小，流过的电流大，二是当流过自耦变压器的脉冲频率比较高时，感抗过大，电流过小，但是自耦变压器的变压效果会明显突出，而通过变压的效果来保证输出的电流，三是流过自耦变压器的电流频率随外部供给电压变化而变化，外部电压高时，频率就高，反之亦然，四是控制恒流反馈信息分为三路反馈，第一路是外部电压经R1、TV1反馈，第二路是频率处在低频时流过自耦变压器的电流经R3反馈，第三路是频率处在高频时，自耦变压器的变压电流经R15反馈；本实用新型输出电流都是直流脉冲组成的平均电流，根据外部的电压变化，输出的脉冲宽度也是不同的，所指的恒流是在一定的周期内、指的其平均电流，在本电路工作的最高频率的周期内，本实用新型输出的直流及其电压在C4两端是波动的，相比其外部电压周期该实用新型输出电流的低谷周期要小很多，所以可以示为其输出的平均电流是恒定的；另外还有一个死点工作区，该工作区正好是外部电压的谷点，就是在后述步骤C所述的100个谷点处，这个谷点的死点工作区周期相比AC整流的每个半波周周也要小很多，只要让输出的电压设计得越小，该死点工作区的周期就越短，对输出的影响越不明显。 The principle of the utility model: the utility model is designed according to the inductance characteristics of the autotransformer. First, when the pulse frequency passing through the autotransformer is high, the inductive reactance increases and the current decreases. When the pulse frequency is low, the inductive reactance is small and the current Second, when the pulse frequency flowing through the autotransformer is relatively high, the inductive reactance is too large and the current is too small, but the transformation effect of the autotransformer will be obvious, and the output is guaranteed through the transformation effect. The third is that the frequency of the current flowing through the autotransformer changes with the external supply voltage. When the external voltage is high, the frequency is high, and vice versa. The fourth is to control the constant current feedback information into three feedback channels. The external voltage is fed back through R1 and TV1, the second is the current that flows through the autotransformer when the frequency is at a low frequency, and the current that flows through the autotransformer is fed back through R3, and the third is when the frequency is at a high frequency, the transformed current of the autotransformer is fed back through R15 ; The output current of the utility model is the average current composed of DC pulses. According to the external voltage change, the output pulse width is also different. The constant current referred to refers to its average current within a certain period. In this circuit In the cycle of the highest frequency of work, the direct current and its voltage output by the utility model fluctuate at both ends of C4, and the trough period of the output current of the utility model is much smaller than the external voltage cycle, so it can be shown as its output The average current is constant; there is also a dead point working area, which is exactly the valley point of the external voltage, which is at the 100 valley points described in step C later, and the dead point working area period of this valley point Compared with each half-wave cycle of AC rectification, it is also much smaller. As long as the output voltage is designed to be smaller, the cycle of the dead point working area will be shorter, and the impact on the output will be less obvious.
与现有技术相比本实用新型具有如下优点和有益效果： Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
本实用新型具有结构简单，解决了现有恒流源中对电解电容的要求，去掉了电解电容，体积可以做得更小，电路便于集成，温度环境可以工作在更高的温度下，寿命比有电解电容的恒流源要更长，从节能方面讲，因负载电流是经转换后恒定的再加上本实用新型电路自身工作所须的电能，总体上是一个接近恒定的负载体，负载恒定，电压越高，电流越小，从而起到了节能的作用。 The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, solves the requirement on the electrolytic capacitor in the existing constant current source, removes the electrolytic capacitor, can make the volume smaller, facilitates the circuit integration, and can work at a higher temperature in the temperature environment. The constant current source of the electrolytic capacitor needs to be longer. From the perspective of energy saving, because the load current is constant after conversion and the electric energy required for the circuit itself of the utility model is added, it is a nearly constant load body on the whole, and the load is constant. , the higher the voltage, the smaller the current, which plays a role in energy saving.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的电路图 Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the utility model
其中：1-整流电路、2-变频电路、3-推动输出电路、4-反馈控制电路、5-反馈保护电路。 Among them: 1- rectification circuit, 2- frequency conversion circuit, 3- push output circuit, 4- feedback control circuit, 5- feedback protection circuit.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图详细说明本实用新型的具体实施方式。 The specific embodiment of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. the
一种LED无电解电容恒流电源，包括整流电路1、变频电路2、推动输出电路3、反馈控制电路4、反馈保护电路5，其特征在于：
An LED non-electrolytic capacitor constant current power supply, comprising a
整流电路1包括一个全桥块VC和一个电容C1，电容C1的两端直接和全桥块VC的输出正负端相连，此正负端作为整个电路的正端和负端；
The
变频电路2由电阻R1的两端和三极管VT1的射极和集电极相连，三极管VT1射极和正端相连、集电极和电阻R2、电容C2串联接到负端，电阻R2、电容C2串连接点又和三极管VT2及三极管VT4的基极相连，电阻R2、电容C2串连接点又和反馈控制管VT9的集电极相连，分压电阻R7、分压电阻R9的一端连接负端，另一端分别和电阻R6、电阻R8串联，串联点分别和三极管VT2、三极管VT4射极相连，电阻R6、电阻R8的另一端一起和电阻R5再串联，电阻R5的另一端连接正端，电阻R5、电阻R6、电阻R8的连接点对负端之间接入一只稳压二极管，用以保持三极管VT2、三极管VT4射极分压电压的稳定，三极管VT2的集电极经电阻R10连接三极管VT3的基极，给三极管VT3提供正向导通的正向偏压，三极管VT3的射极连接正端，三极管VT3集电极连接触发作用的三极管VT5射极、可控硅V1的阳极、正向偏置电阻R11，三极管VT4的集电极经电阻R12连接三极管VT5的基极，三极管VT5的集电极经电阻R13和可控硅V1、可控硅V2的控制极相连，放电控制可控硅V1的阴极经电阻R14连接VT9的基极，反馈控制管VT9的射极连接负端，其中三极管VT4的射极点分压电压高于三极管VT2的射极点分压电压；
The
经上述电连接后，形成如下功能，正负两端电压快速上升，C2两端电压随之快速上升，VT2、VT4分别先后导通， VT4导通后，V1导通使VT9对C2放电，直至VT4 、VT2 、V1先后截止，再重新回到对C2充电过程，正负两端电压越高，上述过程重复的频率越高； After the above electrical connection, the following functions are formed. The voltage at both ends of the positive and negative ends rises rapidly, and the voltage at both ends of C2 rises rapidly accordingly. VT2 and VT4 are respectively turned on successively. After VT4 is turned on, V1 is turned on to discharge VT9 to C2 until VT4, VT2, and V1 are cut off successively, and then return to the charging process of C2. The higher the voltage at the positive and negative ends, the higher the frequency of repetition of the above process;
推动输出电路3由变频电路（2）输出部分经正向偏置电阻R11连接驱动三极管VT6的基极、连接停止控制可控硅V2的阳极，可控硅V2的阴极接负端，三极管VT6的集电极连接正端、射极连接开关三极管VT7的基极，三极管VT7的集电极经取样电阻R3连接到正端、三极管VT7的射极连接到自耦变压器T的一端、自耦变压器T的另一端和负载LED相连、中心抽头连接二极管D的负极端、二极管D的正极端经取样电阻R15接负端；
The
经上所述电连接可知，变频部分VT2导通后，VT6、VT7随之导通，变频部分VT4导通后，V2导通，关断VT6、使VT7载止，直至VT2、VT4都载止，才能再重复下一周期的过程，别外，VT7导通，电流流过负载LED、自耦变压器T，同时自耦变压器T储存磁能，当VT7载止，自耦变压器T磁能转变成电能经负载LED、R15、D释放； It can be seen from the above electrical connection that after the frequency conversion part VT2 is turned on, VT6 and VT7 are turned on accordingly, after the frequency conversion part VT4 is turned on, V2 is turned on, and VT6 is turned off to stop VT7 until both VT2 and VT4 are stopped. , to repeat the process of the next cycle. In addition, VT7 is turned on, and the current flows through the load LED and autotransformer T. At the same time, the autotransformer T stores magnetic energy. When VT7 stops, the magnetic energy of the autotransformer T is converted into electrical energy through Load LED, R15, D release;
反馈控制电路4由三路组成，第一路包括电阻R1、电阻R2、电容C2，外界电压的变动直接会使正负两端也变化，经电阻R1、电阻R2可以改变对C2充电的快慢使变频频率发生变化，第二路是取样电阻R3两端的电压经电阻R4连接到三极管VT1的基极，起到调节三极管VT1饱和度来控制对电容C2的充电快慢，从而改变变频部分的频率，第三路是取样电阻R15两端的电压经电阻R16连接到三极管VT8的基极，电容C3的两端连接到取样电阻R15的两端，反向偏置电阻R17连接到三极管VT8的基极和射极、三极管VT8的射极和集电极分别连接反馈控制管VT9的基极和负端，取样电阻R15两端的电压可以改变VT9对C2放电的快慢，从而改变变频部分控制推动部分失电时间的长短；
The
反馈保护电路5由两路组成，第一路包括电阻R3、电阻R18、三极管VT10、二极管VD2、可控硅V3、电阻R19，连接在电阻R3一端的电阻R18和三极管VT10的基极相连，三极管VT10的射极和稳压三极管VD的正极端相连接、稳压二极管VD的负极端接正端，三极管VT10的集电极接可控硅V3的控制极，可控硅V3阳极接三极管VT10的射极，可控硅V3阴极接电阻R19跟可控硅V1、可控硅V2的控制极连接，第二路包括电阻R15、稳压二极管VD3、三极管VT11、电阻R20、电阻R21，稳压二极管VD3的负极端跟取样电阻R15连接，稳压二极管VD3正极端跟三极管VT11射极相连、三极管VT11基极经电阻R20连接负端、集电极经电阻R21连接三极管VT10基极；
The
经本部分电连接后，当负载电流过大时，在取样电阴R3或R15两端会出现过大的电压，使稳压二极管VD2或VD3反向击穿，形成电流最终经VT10让V3、V2、V1导通，形成保护，保护后需要断开总电源才能恢复； After the electrical connection of this part, when the load current is too large, an excessive voltage will appear at both ends of the sampling resistor R3 or R15, causing the Zener diode VD2 or VD3 to reverse breakdown, forming a current that finally passes through VT10 to allow V3, V2 and V1 are turned on to form a protection. After the protection, the main power supply needs to be disconnected to recover;
结合上术技术方案的电路电气连结结构，分步骤的对本实用新型说明如下： In conjunction with the electrical connection structure of the circuit of the technical proposal, the utility model is described step by step as follows:
A、家用220V50HZ的交流电直接经过全桥CV整流为一个波动的直流电，该直流电通过R1、R2给电容C2充电，C2两端的电压加到VT2的基极，同时该直流电经 R5和VD1提供一相对稳定电压给R6、R7分压，分压后的基准电压加到VT2的发谢极，当C2加到VT2的基极电压大于发谢极的基准电压后，VT2导通，给VT3提供正向偏压而导通，VT3导通后VT6、VT7得到正向偏压都导通，经VC整流后的电压加到自耦变压变T。 A. Household 220V50HZ AC is directly rectified by the full bridge CV into a fluctuating DC. The DC charges the capacitor C2 through R1 and R2, and the voltage at both ends of C2 is added to the base of VT2. At the same time, the DC provides a relative current through R5 and VD1. The stable voltage is divided by R6 and R7, and the divided reference voltage is added to the output pole of VT2. When the base voltage of C2 added to VT2 is greater than the reference voltage of the output pole, VT2 is turned on and VT3 is provided with a positive direction. After VT3 is turned on, VT6 and VT7 are both turned on when they are forward biased, and the voltage rectified by VC is added to the autotransformer T.
B、因为C2两端的电压同时也加到VT4的基极，其中R5和VD1提供的一相对稳定电压经R8、R9给分压给VT4的发谢极，该分压的电压设置要高于VT2发谢极端的电压，当C2加到VT4的基极电压继续上升到大于发谢极的基准电压后，VT4导通，给VT5提供正向偏压而导通，VT3导通后V1、V2的触发端得电而导通，其中V1导通后VT9得到正向偏压导通，给C2放电；V2导通后关断VT6的正向偏压，使VT7、VT10截止,自耦变压器失电；当C2放电到低于VT2的发谢极端电压后，VT2截止，使VT3也截止，可控硅V1、V2失电截止，使VT9也截止，C2重新开始充电。 B. Because the voltage at both ends of C2 is also applied to the base of VT4 at the same time, a relatively stable voltage provided by R5 and VD1 is divided into the output terminal of VT4 through R8 and R9. The voltage setting of the divided voltage should be higher than that of VT2 Thanks to the extreme voltage, when the base voltage added by C2 to VT4 continues to rise to be greater than the reference voltage of the base, VT4 is turned on, and VT5 is turned on by providing a forward bias voltage. After VT3 is turned on, the V1 and V2 The trigger terminal is energized and turned on. After V1 is turned on, VT9 is turned on with a forward bias voltage to discharge C2; after V2 is turned on, the forward bias voltage of VT6 is turned off, so that VT7 and VT10 are cut off, and the autotransformer is de-energized. ; When C2 is discharged to the extreme voltage lower than VT2, VT2 is cut off, so that VT3 is also cut off, the thyristor V1 and V2 are powered off, so that VT9 is also cut off, and C2 starts charging again. the
C、AC整流后的直流电是一个随50HZ交流电频率波动的直流电，每秒钟有100个谷点和一百个峰点，其中一个半波要经过电压的上升和下降两个过程，电容C2在充电过程中，在靠近谷点时段，充电慢，靠近峰点时段充电快，步骤A和B两个过程是一个振荡过程，振荡的频率随着AC整流后的直流电压波动而变化，在每个半波的周期内，电压越高频率越大；步骤A的过程中，自耦变压器得电，如果上述直流电靠近谷点处时，振荡频率低，自耦变压器得电的时间也较长，变压器的感抗小；相反靠近峰点时，振荡频率高，自耦变压器得电时间短，感抗大；正好低电压对应感抗小，高电压对应感抗大，这样就保证了流过LED两端的电流是相对恒定的；电压在谷点时段，如果因电压或负载LED的因数引起了电流过大，这时在电阻R3两端会有一个电压差变大，经电阻R4反馈给VT1，使VT1的集电极电流增大，加快C2的充电速度，从而减少了自耦变压器的得电时间，感抗变大，负载LED的电流变小，保证了恒流的目的；步骤B的过程中，自耦变压器失电，由于自耦变压器储存的磁能释放，而产生的电能从二极管D和电阻R15加载给负载LED，如果上述直流电靠近峰点段时，振荡频率高，自耦变压器成为一个变压器，如果因振荡的频率或负载因数引起流过负载LED的电流增大，这时在电阻R15两端会有一个电压差变大，经电阻R16反馈给VT8，通过VT8调整VT9使C2的放电速度变慢，从而让自耦变压器的失电时间增长，自耦变压器变压输出的间隔增大，负载LED的电流降低。 C. The direct current after AC rectification is a direct current that fluctuates with the frequency of 50HZ alternating current. There are 100 valley points and 100 peak points per second, and one half wave has to go through two processes of voltage rise and fall. Capacitor C2 is in During the charging process, the charging is slow when it is close to the valley point, and the charging is fast when it is close to the peak point. The two processes of steps A and B are an oscillating process. The frequency of the oscillation changes with the fluctuation of the DC voltage after AC rectification. In the half-wave cycle, the higher the voltage, the greater the frequency; in the process of step A, the autotransformer is energized. If the above-mentioned direct current is close to the valley point, the oscillation frequency is low, and the time for the autotransformer to be energized is longer. The inductive reactance is small; on the contrary, when it is close to the peak point, the oscillation frequency is high, the power-on time of the autotransformer is short, and the inductive reactance is large; it happens that the low voltage corresponds to the small inductive reactance, and the high voltage corresponds to the large inductive reactance. The current at the terminal is relatively constant; when the voltage is at the valley point, if the current is too large due to the voltage or the factor of the load LED, there will be a voltage difference between the two ends of the resistor R3, which will be fed back to VT1 through the resistor R4, so that The collector current of VT1 increases, which speeds up the charging speed of C2, thereby reducing the power-on time of the autotransformer, increasing the inductive reactance, and reducing the current of the load LED, ensuring the purpose of constant current; in the process of step B, When the autotransformer loses power, the magnetic energy stored in the autotransformer is released, and the electric energy generated is loaded from the diode D and the resistor R15 to the load LED. If the above-mentioned direct current is close to the peak point, the oscillation frequency is high, and the autotransformer becomes a transformer. If the current flowing through the load LED increases due to the frequency of oscillation or the load factor, there will be a voltage difference between the two ends of the resistor R15, which will be fed back to VT8 through the resistor R16, and the discharge speed of C2 will be changed by adjusting VT9 through VT8. Slow, so that the power-off time of the autotransformer increases, the interval of the output of the autotransformer increases, and the current of the load LED decreases. the
D、过流及短路保护，当AC整流的直流波形处在谷点时段，如果负载过大或短路，根据步骤C中的原理在电阻R3两端会有明显的电压差，该电压差大到稳压二极管VD2的反向击穿电压后，稳压二极管VD2击穿电流使三极管VT10导通，导通后触发可控硅V3，接着可控硅V1、V2触发导通，同步骤B中的原理，关断VT7，自耦变压器失电；当AC整流的直流波形处在峰点时段，如果负载过大或短路，根据步骤C中的原理，在电阻R15两端会有明显的电压差，该电压差大到稳压二极管VD3的反向击穿电压后，稳压二极管VD2击穿电流使三极管VT11导通，导通后使VT10导通及VD2反向击穿，接着可控硅V1、V2触发导通，同步骤B中的原理，关断VT7，自耦变压器失电；只要保护功能启动就一直会保持，如果要恢复，只有断开总电源，重新通电。 D. Over-current and short-circuit protection. When the DC waveform of AC rectification is at the valley point, if the load is too large or short-circuited, there will be an obvious voltage difference between the two ends of the resistor R3 according to the principle in step C. The voltage difference is as large as After the reverse breakdown voltage of the Zener diode VD2, the breakdown current of the Zener diode VD2 makes the triode VT10 turn on, and then triggers the thyristor V3, and then the thyristor V1 and V2 trigger conduction, the same as in step B Principle, turn off VT7, the autotransformer loses power; when the AC rectified DC waveform is at the peak point, if the load is too large or short-circuited, according to the principle in step C, there will be an obvious voltage difference between the two ends of the resistor R15, After the voltage difference reaches the reverse breakdown voltage of the Zener diode VD3, the breakdown current of the Zener diode VD2 turns on the triode VT11, and after turning on, VT10 is turned on and VD2 reversely breaks down, and then the thyristor V1, V2 triggers conduction, the same principle as in step B, turn off VT7, and the autotransformer loses power; as long as the protection function is activated, it will always be maintained. If you want to restore it, you only have to disconnect the main power supply and re-energize. the
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| CN103151942A (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2013-06-12 | 湖北湛青科技发展有限公司 | Light-emitting diode (LED) electrolytic capacitor-free constant current power supply |
| CN103151942B (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2015-09-02 | 湖北湛青科技发展有限公司 | A kind of LED no electrolytic capacitor constant-current supply |
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