CN203194300U - Artificial fish-collecting protection device - Google Patents
Artificial fish-collecting protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203194300U CN203194300U CN2012206862003U CN201220686200U CN203194300U CN 203194300 U CN203194300 U CN 203194300U CN 2012206862003 U CN2012206862003 U CN 2012206862003U CN 201220686200 U CN201220686200 U CN 201220686200U CN 203194300 U CN203194300 U CN 203194300U
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- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000206607 Porphyra umbilicalis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- NJFMNPFATSYWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1l9hgr Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe] NJFMNPFATSYWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种原材料便宜、取材方便,制造方法简单且成本极低的人工聚鱼保护装置,克服了现有技术的人工鱼礁等人工聚鱼保护装置制造过程较为复杂,成本较高的问题。所述的一种人工聚鱼保护装置,包括由若干封闭的套环构成的基架,任一套环至少与另一个套环互相环套,所述的套环上设有至少一个由无底饮料瓶制成的礁穴,所述的礁穴大口处设有由鱼饲料制成的网格架,所述的礁穴上设有碳酸钙附着层,所述的礁穴上设有至少一个套环孔,所述的礁穴上的套环孔被与其自身相连的套环穿过。本实用新型适用于以往人工聚鱼保护装置所适用的场合,具有取材便利,制造方法简单,成本低廉等优点。
The utility model discloses an artificial fish-gathering protection device with cheap raw materials, convenient material acquisition, simple manufacturing method and extremely low cost, which overcomes the complex manufacturing process and high cost of artificial fish-gathering protection devices such as artificial fish reefs in the prior art The problem. The artificial fish-gathering protection device includes a base frame composed of several closed collars, any collar is at least interlocked with another collar, and the collar is provided with at least one bottomless A reef cave made of beverage bottles, a grid frame made of fish feed is provided at the mouth of the reef cave, a calcium carbonate adhesion layer is provided on the reef cave, and at least one Collar hole, the collar hole on the reef is passed through by the collar connected to itself. The utility model is suitable for the occasions where the artificial fish-gathering protection device was used in the past, and has the advantages of convenient material collection, simple manufacturing method, low cost and the like.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型属于鱼类养殖领域,尤其涉及一种人工聚鱼保护装置。 The utility model belongs to the field of fish breeding, in particular to an artificial fish gathering protection device.
背景技术 Background technique
在海洋渔业中,例如人工鱼礁等各类人工聚鱼装置、保护装置等为提高产量发挥了重要作用。目前的人工鱼礁等渔业辅助装置,大多采用混凝土、废弃船体、轮胎等制作而成,制造过程较为复杂,成本较高。而现有技术的鱼礁等渔业辅助装置,需要设置沉底装置或增重结构,以使其能够处在海床附近或是通过与海床相连的结构来保证其位置,因此维护和回收时较为不便。再者,在浅海、中海处,作为鱼类主要食物之一的海藻缺乏生长凭依,现有人工鱼礁一则能供海藻附着的面积相较自身所占用的体积来说十分有限,二则所提供的附着面积中至少一半不能受到直接光照,影响海藻生长速度,使聚鱼效果也受到影响。 In marine fisheries, various artificial fish gathering devices and protection devices such as artificial reefs have played an important role in increasing production. At present, fishery auxiliary devices such as artificial reefs are mostly made of concrete, discarded hulls, tires, etc. The manufacturing process is relatively complicated and the cost is high. And fishery auxiliary devices such as fish reefs of the prior art need to be provided with sinking device or weight-increasing structure, so that it can be in the vicinity of the seabed or ensure its position by a structure connected to the seabed, so when maintaining and recycling more inconvenient. Furthermore, in shallow seas and middle seas, seaweed, one of the main food for fish, lacks a growth basis. The existing artificial reefs have a very limited area for seaweed to attach to their own volume. At least half of the provided attachment area cannot be exposed to direct light, which will affect the growth rate of algae and affect the fish gathering effect.
参见中国专利文献上公开的“一种人工鱼礁”,其公告号为CN102599081A,该人工鱼礁包括有工鱼礁本体,其特征在于所述人工鱼礁本体呈倒“Y”形状,所述呈倒“Y”形状的人工鱼礁本体由钢筋混凝土浇铸而成一体的上部单元、左下部单元及右下部单元所形成,所述上部单元呈垂直向下的“箭头”形状,其由上左斜柱、上中柱及上右斜柱所形成,所述左下部单元呈向上且偏右倾斜的“箭头”形状,其由左下左斜柱、左下中柱及左下右斜柱所形成,所述右下部单元呈向上且偏左倾斜的“箭头”形状,其由右下左斜柱、右下中柱及右下右斜柱所形成。本实用新型通过组合堆叠构建鱼类产卵与栖息的场所,在若干组合的情况下还能大大提高人工鱼礁的稳定性与水动力性。然而该种鱼礁利用钢筋混泥土通过浇铸而成,制造过程不仅需要模具,又需要合理的控制工艺,因此制造成本较高;又由于该种鱼礁属于沉底式鱼礁,工作时处在海床上,其回收和维护较为不便,且缺乏有效定位装置,容易被洋流带离原有位置,造成回收困难。 See "an artificial reef" disclosed in the Chinese patent literature, the announcement number of which is CN102599081A. The artificial reef includes an artificial reef body, which is characterized in that the artificial reef body is in an inverted "Y" shape. The body of the artificial fish reef in the shape of an inverted "Y" is formed by an upper unit, a lower left unit and a lower right unit cast from reinforced concrete. The upper unit is in the shape of an "arrow" vertically downwards. It is formed by oblique columns, upper middle columns and upper right oblique columns. The lower left unit is in the shape of an upward and right-inclining "arrow", which is formed by left lower left oblique columns, left lower middle columns and left lower right oblique columns. The lower right unit is in the shape of an upward and leftward slanting "arrow", which is formed by the lower right and left oblique column, the lower right middle column and the lower right oblique column. The utility model builds places for fish spawning and inhabitation by combining and stacking, and can greatly improve the stability and hydrodynamic performance of artificial fish reefs in the case of several combinations. However, this kind of fish reef is made of reinforced concrete by casting, and the manufacturing process not only requires molds, but also requires a reasonable control process, so the manufacturing cost is relatively high; and because this kind of fish reef is a submerged fish reef, it is on the seabed when working , its recovery and maintenance are relatively inconvenient, and lack of effective positioning devices, it is easy to be taken away from the original position by ocean currents, making recovery difficult.
参见中国专利文献上公开的“浮式可控深度鱼礁”,其公告号为CN102228012A,该浮式可控深度鱼礁包括绳索和串接在该绳索上的浮球,其中:绳索中间部分经定滑轮经缓冲绳连接有自沉吸力锚;绳索的末端连接有浮箱;浮箱表面均布有附着环;附着环上连接有附着绳。其具有能调控悬浮深度进行人工增殖、稳定性好不易走锚、生态性能优越、能进行多水层增殖、增殖效果好的优点。上述鱼礁虽然能提供一定的海藻附着面积,但是相较自身所占用的空间而言,绳索、浮球等处不利附着,且与礁体本身距离较远,即使能附着一部分海藻,对于聚鱼的贡献也十分有限,而可供附着处仅有浮体上的部分,且浮体不论处于何种位置,总会被浮体遮挡住一部分,导致有许多面积上难以受到直接光照,对于附着在其上的海藻不能提供尽可能大的有利生长环境,使聚鱼效果也受到影响。而且该人工鱼礁通过自沉吸力锚在海床上定位,若要维护,需进入海域对浮体维护,若要回收,需进入海域对自沉吸力锚进行回收,然后将浮体、绳索和浮球再回收,十分不便。 Refer to the "floating controllable depth fish reef" disclosed in the Chinese patent literature, its announcement number is CN102228012A, the floating controllable depth fish reef includes a rope and a floating ball connected in series on the rope, wherein: the middle part of the rope passes The fixed pulley is connected with a self-sinking suction anchor through a buffer rope; the end of the rope is connected with a pontoon; the surface of the pontoon is evenly distributed with attachment rings; the attachment ring is connected with an attachment rope. It has the advantages of being able to adjust the suspension depth for artificial proliferation, good stability and not easy to anchor, superior ecological performance, multi-water layer proliferation, and good proliferation effect. Although the above-mentioned fish reefs can provide a certain area of seaweed attachment, compared with the space occupied by themselves, ropes, floating balls, etc. are unfavorable for attachment, and the distance from the reef itself is far away. The contribution of the floating body is also very limited, and only the part on the floating body is available for attachment, and no matter where the floating body is, it will always be partially blocked by the floating body, resulting in many areas that are difficult to receive direct sunlight. Seaweed cannot provide a favorable growth environment as large as possible, so that the effect of gathering fish is also affected. Moreover, the artificial reef is positioned on the seabed through a self-sinking suction anchor. If it needs to be maintained, it needs to enter the sea area to maintain the floating body. If it wants to recover, it needs to enter the sea area to recover the self-sinking suction anchor, and then recycle the floating body, rope and floating ball. Very inconvenient.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型的目的是为了解决现有技术的人工鱼礁等人工聚鱼保护装置制造过程较为复杂,成本较高的问题,提供了一种原材料便宜、取材方便,制造方法简单且成本极低的人工聚鱼保护装置。 The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problems of complex manufacturing process and high cost of artificial fish gathering protection devices such as artificial fish reefs in the prior art, and to provide a kind of low-cost raw material, easy to obtain materials, simple manufacturing method and extremely low cost. Artificial fish gathering protection device.
本实用新型的另一个目的是为了解决现有技术的人工鱼礁等人工聚鱼保护装置维护和回收时较为不便的问题,提供了一种便于维护和回收的人工聚鱼保护装置。 Another purpose of the utility model is to provide an artificial fish-gathering protection device that is easy to maintain and recycle in order to solve the problem of inconvenient maintenance and recycling of artificial fish-gathering protection devices such as artificial fish reefs in the prior art.
本实用新型的另一个目的是为了解决现有技术的人工鱼礁等人工聚鱼保护装置的海藻可附着面积及直接受光照面积比例较低的问题,提供了一种能充分利用整体作为海藻附着面且附着海藻区域能充分受到光照的人工聚鱼保护装置。 Another purpose of this utility model is to solve the problem of low ratio of seaweed attachable area and directly illuminated area of artificial fish gathering protection devices such as artificial fish reefs in the prior art, and to provide a kind of seaweed attachment that can make full use of the whole It is an artificial fish-gathering protection device that can fully receive light on the surface and the area where the seaweed is attached.
本实用新型是通过以下技术方案实现的: The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种人工聚鱼保护装置,包括由若干封闭的套环构成的基架,任一套环至少与另一个套环互相环套,所述的套环上设有至少一个由无底饮料瓶制成的礁穴,所述的礁穴大口处设有由鱼饲料制成的网格架,所述的礁穴上设有碳酸钙附着层,所述的礁穴上设有至少一个套环孔,所述的礁穴上的套环孔被与其自身相连的套环穿过。基架上可以任意选取若干套环作为固定环通过下桩等方式固定在海岸表面附近,剩余套环挂入海水之中。如此一来,就形成了从海岸表面开始至浅海、中海区域的一片连续覆盖一定范围的礁穴,可以为覆盖范围内提供连续的聚鱼保护结构。礁穴由饮料瓶制成,取材极其便利,相较以往的人工鱼礁甚至是废弃物制成的人工鱼礁而言成本也十分低廉,而且制造工艺也简单。本实用新型适用于浅、中海区域,一则距离水面较近,二来固定在海岸表面附近,因此回收十分便利,且比起现有技术的鱼礁而言,基架本身就是连接礁穴的装置,同时也是连接和回收结构,不需要连接绳之类的额外限位或连接结构。而且,基架能够随着洋流在一定范围内运动的,在洋流中,富含由铅直洋流带起的海底营养盐,最利于海藻等鱼类食料的生长,基架及礁穴能随时处在一定区域内洋流运动最频繁的地方,最利于海藻的附着和生长,为鱼类提供丰富的饵料。本实用新型初时投入使用时可以用于鱼苗的养殖,此时鱼苗可以进入礁穴,但是体积较大的鱼则会被网格架挡住而不能吃掉处于礁穴之内的鱼苗,需等由鱼饲料制成的网格架被鱼群逐渐食用之后才能进入礁穴,此时已度过鱼苗培育初期,因此可保证鱼苗的存活率,此时礁穴也可作为体积较大的鱼的栖息和躲避场所,礁穴上的附着层有利于海藻的生长附着。 An artificial fish-gathering protection device, comprising a base frame composed of several closed collars, any collar is at least interlocked with another collar, and the collar is provided with at least one bottomless beverage bottle. A reef hole formed, the mouth of the reef hole is provided with a grid frame made of fish feed, the described reef hole is provided with a calcium carbonate adhesion layer, and the described reef hole is provided with at least one collar hole , the collar hole on the reef is passed through by the collar connected to itself. A number of collars can be arbitrarily selected as fixed rings on the base frame and fixed near the surface of the coast by piles, etc., and the remaining collars are hung into the seawater. In this way, a reef cave that continuously covers a certain range from the coast surface to the shallow sea and mid-sea area is formed, which can provide a continuous fish-gathering protection structure within the coverage area. The reef is made of beverage bottles, which is extremely convenient to obtain. Compared with the previous artificial reefs or even artificial reefs made of waste, the cost is also very low, and the manufacturing process is also simple. The utility model is suitable for shallow and middle sea areas, one is closer to the water surface, and the other is fixed near the coast surface, so recycling is very convenient, and compared with the fish reefs in the prior art, the base frame itself is connected to the reef caves The device is also a connection and recovery structure, and does not require additional limit or connection structures such as connecting ropes. Moreover, the base frame can move within a certain range with the ocean current. In the ocean current, it is rich in seabed nutrients brought up by the vertical ocean current, which is most conducive to the growth of fish food such as seaweed. The base frame and the reef can be placed at any time. The place where the ocean current moves most frequently in a certain area is most conducive to the attachment and growth of seaweed, providing abundant bait for fish. When the utility model is put into use at the beginning, it can be used for fry cultivation. At this time, the fry can enter the reef cave, but the larger fish will be blocked by the grid frame and cannot eat the fry in the reef cave. The grid frame made of fish feed can only enter the reef hole after being gradually eaten by fish schools. At this time, the initial stage of fry cultivation has passed, so the survival rate of fry can be guaranteed. At this time, the reef hole can also be used as a habitat for larger fish And shelter, the attachment layer on the reef cave is conducive to the growth and attachment of algae.
作为优选,所述的矩形的基架一侧边设有若干浮体,所述的浮体是完整饮料瓶。浮体悬浮在远离海岸线的一端,可使基架能较好的铺开,基架中部处于最低位置,两端较高,既有横向的覆盖,又能保证深度方向的覆盖,既提供了尽可能大的鱼类聚集范围,又将基架充分铺开,使作为鱼类饵料的海藻具有足够大的附着范围,同时可充分减少基架各部分之间的互相遮光,使附着在基架和其他附着结构上的海藻能有充分的光照,从而良好生长来提供丰富的饵料,使聚鱼、保护鱼的功能发挥到最大化。而且,浮体也是由饮料瓶制成,取材便利,成本低廉。 Preferably, one side of the rectangular base frame is provided with several floating bodies, and the floating bodies are complete beverage bottles. The floating body is suspended at the end far away from the coastline, so that the base frame can be spread out better. The middle part of the base frame is at the lowest position, and the two ends are higher, which can not only cover the horizontal direction, but also ensure the coverage in the depth direction. Large fish gathering range, and the base frame is fully spread, so that the seaweed as fish bait has a large enough attachment range, and at the same time can fully reduce the mutual shading between the various parts of the base frame, so that the attachment to the base frame and other The seaweed attached to the structure can have sufficient light to grow well to provide abundant bait, so as to maximize the function of gathering and protecting fish. Moreover, the floating body is also made of beverage bottles, which is convenient to obtain and low in cost.
作为优选,所述的制成礁穴的无底饮料瓶底部大口处设有若干与礁穴轴线平行的裂口,所述的礁穴侧壁下端沿裂口上翻形成若干外翻边,所述的外翻边末段与礁穴外侧壁相连形成间断的环状外穴腔,所述的外穴腔沿礁穴轴线均布。外穴腔是间断的环状空间,具有大量的海藻附着点,能够良好的使海藻附着,空间利用率高。外穴腔本身也是鱼类栖息场所和保护结构,鱼类可以进入外穴腔中栖息和躲避。 As a preference, the large opening at the bottom of the bottomless beverage bottle made into the reef cavity is provided with several cracks parallel to the axis of the reef cavity, and the lower end of the side wall of the reef cavity is turned up along the cracks to form a number of outward flanges. The end section of the turned edge is connected with the outer wall of the reef to form a discontinuous annular outer cavity, and the outer cavity is evenly distributed along the axis of the reef. The outer cavity is a discontinuous annular space with a large number of seaweed attachment points, which can make the seaweed attach well, and the space utilization rate is high. The outer cavity itself is also a fish habitat and protection structure, and fish can enter the outer cavity to inhabit and hide.
作为优选,所述的基架上设有若干由无底带盖饮料瓶制成的孢子培育瓶,所述的孢子培育瓶上设有包覆孢子培育瓶底部的纱网,所述的孢子培育瓶内被沿孢子培育瓶轴线分布的若干铁片分隔成若干贮存腔,所述的贮存腔内设有海藻孢子与木屑的压实混合物,所述的铁片厚度为0.35mm至0.7mm。孢子培育瓶上的铁片会在海水中被腐蚀,待最靠近瓶底的铁片被完全腐蚀消耗后,第一个贮存腔内的孢子就会接触到外界的海水,在光照及温度适宜的条件下就会寻找附着基进行附着并开始生长出海藻丝状体和叶状体,由于孢子与木屑是压实混合的,因此不易直接被流动的海水带走,可以使孢子少量、缓慢地离开孢子培育瓶,使其尽可能多地附着在基架、礁穴表面等处,提高本实用新型附近范围内的海藻量。而若干铁片将孢子培育瓶分隔成若干贮存腔,因此可每隔一段时间提供一次海藻孢子,保证礁穴等处附近能够长期附着生长较大量的海藻,以便长期吸引鱼群和提供食物,而铁片的厚度可根据所需提供孢子的周期而定,每一个周期一块铁片被腐蚀消耗,靠近瓶底侧的一个贮存腔内的孢子就会与海水接触并在适宜条件下附着生长。 As preferably, the base frame is provided with several spore cultivation bottles made of bottomless beverage bottles with lids, and the gauze covering the bottom of the spore cultivation bottles is provided on the described spore cultivation bottles, and the spore cultivation The inside of the bottle is divided into several storage chambers by several iron sheets distributed along the axis of the spore cultivation bottle. The compacted mixture of seaweed spores and sawdust is arranged in the storage chamber, and the thickness of the iron sheets is 0.35mm to 0.7mm. The iron sheet on the spore cultivation bottle will be corroded in seawater. After the iron sheet closest to the bottom of the bottle is completely corroded and consumed, the spores in the first storage chamber will come into contact with the seawater outside. Under certain conditions, it will look for the attachment base to attach and start to grow seaweed filaments and fronds. Since the spores and wood chips are compacted and mixed, it is not easy to be directly taken away by the flowing sea water, and the spores can be left in a small amount and slowly. The spore culture bottle is attached to the pedestal, the reef hole surface, etc. as much as possible, so as to improve the amount of seaweed in the vicinity of the utility model. And some iron plates separate the spore culture bottle into several storage chambers, so the seaweed spores can be provided at regular intervals to ensure that a large amount of seaweed can be attached to and grow for a long time near the reefs, etc., so as to attract fish schools and provide food for a long time. The thickness of the iron sheet can be determined according to the cycle of providing spores. Every cycle, an iron sheet is corroded and consumed, and the spores in a storage cavity near the bottom of the bottle will contact seawater and grow attached under suitable conditions.
作为优选,所述的孢子培育瓶上设有辅助附着基,所述的辅助附着基材料为贝壳碎片。贝壳含有大量的碳酸钙成分,浅、中海中常见的海藻,如紫菜、海带等,其孢子和丝状体在生长时具有溶解碳酸钙的能力,较容易在贝壳上附着,并钻入生长,因此辅助附着基能够增加附着海藻的量,提供更多的鱼类饵料,更好的起到聚鱼效果。 Preferably, the spore culture bottle is provided with an auxiliary attachment base, and the material of the auxiliary attachment base is shell fragments. Seashells contain a large amount of calcium carbonate. Common seaweeds in shallow and middle seas, such as laver and kelp, have spores and filaments that can dissolve calcium carbonate when they grow, and are easier to attach to shells and drill into them. Therefore, the auxiliary attachment base can increase the amount of attached seaweed, provide more fish bait, and have a better effect of gathering fish.
作为优选,所述的礁穴内设有由体积小于礁穴的无底饮料瓶形成的内穴腔,所述的内穴腔瓶口与礁穴瓶口相连,所述的礁穴内侧壁与内穴腔外侧壁之间形成仔稚鱼腔。内穴腔可作为普通体型鱼类的栖息场所,内穴腔与礁穴之间的仔稚鱼腔可作为对仔稚鱼的特定保护场所,仔稚鱼指的是一种鱼苗类型,其体积较小,因此可通过仔稚鱼腔的入口,而会吞噬仔稚鱼的鱼类体积较大,只能进入内穴腔而无法进入仔稚鱼腔,因此可对仔稚鱼起到良好的保护,提高仔稚鱼的存活率,保证渔业产量。 Preferably, the reef cavity is provided with an inner cavity formed by a bottomless beverage bottle smaller than the reef cavity, the mouth of the inner cavity is connected to the bottle mouth of the reef cavity, and the inner wall of the reef cavity is connected to the bottle mouth of the reef cavity. The larvae cavity is formed between the outer walls of the cavity. The inner cave cavity can be used as a habitat for ordinary fish, and the larva cavity between the inner cave cavity and the reef cave can be used as a specific protection place for larvae. Larvae refer to a type of fry whose volume Smaller, so it can pass through the entrance of the larvae cavity, while the fish that can devour the larvae is larger and can only enter the inner cavity but not the cavity of the larvae, so it can have a good effect on the larvae Protect, improve the survival rate of larvae and juvenile fish, and ensure fishery output.
因此,本实用新型的有益效果是:(1)取材便利,制造方法简单,成本低廉;(2)接受光照范围广,背光死角少,附着的海藻能够充分生长。 Therefore, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: (1) It is convenient to obtain materials, the manufacturing method is simple, and the cost is low; (2) It accepts a wide range of light, less dead angles in the backlight, and the attached seaweed can fully grow.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图; Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;
图2是本实用新型实施例1的礁穴底面结构示意图; Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom surface of the reef hole of the utility model embodiment 1;
图3是本实用新型孢子培育瓶的结构示意图; Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model spore culture bottle;
图4是本实用新型实施例2的礁穴底面结构示意图。
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom surface of the reef cave in
图中:基架1、礁穴2、网格架3、浮体4、外翻边5、孢子培育瓶6、铁片7、贮存腔8、内穴腔9、仔稚鱼腔10。
In the figure: base frame 1,
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面通过实施例,结合附图对本实用新型的技术方案做进一步的说明: Below by embodiment, in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme of the utility model is further described:
实施例1:如图1、图2所示的一种人工聚鱼保护装置,包括由若干封闭的套环构成的基架1,任一套环至少与另一个套环互相环套,所述的套环上设有至少一个由无底饮料瓶制成的礁穴2,所述的礁穴2大口处设有由鱼饲料制成的网格架3,所述的礁穴2上设有碳酸钙附着层,所述的礁穴2上设有两个套环孔,所述的礁穴2上的套环孔被与其自身相连的套环穿过。所述的矩形的基架1一侧边设有若干浮体4,所述的浮体4是完整饮料瓶。浮体4悬浮在远离海岸线的一端,可使基架1能较好的铺开,基架1中部处于最低位置,两端较高,既有横向的覆盖,又能保证深度方向的覆盖,既提供了尽可能大的鱼类聚集范围,又将基架1充分铺开,使作为鱼类饵料的海藻具有足够大的附着范围,同时可充分减少基架1各部分之间的互相遮光,使附着在基架1和其他附着结构上的海藻能有充分的光照,从而良好生长来提供丰富的饵料,使聚鱼、保护鱼的功能发挥到最大化。所述的制成礁穴2的无底饮料瓶底部大口处设有若干与礁穴2轴线平行的裂口,所述的礁穴2侧壁下端沿裂口上翻形成若干外翻边5,所述的外翻边5末段与礁穴2外侧壁相连形成间断的环状外穴腔,所述的外穴腔沿礁穴2轴线均布。外穴腔是间断的环状空间,具有大量的海藻附着点,能够良好的使海藻附着,空间利用率高。外穴腔本身也是鱼类栖息场所和保护结构,鱼类可以进入外穴腔中栖息和躲避。所述的礁穴2内设有由体积小于礁穴2的无底饮料瓶形成的内穴腔9,所述的内穴腔9瓶口与礁穴2瓶口相连,所述的礁穴2内侧壁与内穴腔9外侧壁之间形成仔稚鱼腔10。内穴腔9可作为普通体型鱼类的栖息场所,内穴腔9与礁穴2之间的仔稚鱼腔10可作为对仔稚鱼的特定保护场所,仔稚鱼指的是一种鱼苗类型,其体积较小,因此可通过仔稚鱼腔10的入口,而会吞噬仔稚鱼的鱼类体积较大,只能进入内穴腔9而无法进入仔稚鱼腔10,因此可对仔稚鱼起到良好的保护,提高仔稚鱼的存活率,保证渔业产量。
Embodiment 1: a kind of artificial fish-gathering protection device as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, comprise the base frame 1 that is made of several closed collars, any collar at least and another collar mutually surround each other, described At least one
基架1上可以任意选取若干套环作为固定环通过下桩等方式固定在海岸表面附近,剩余套环挂入海水之中。如此一来,就形成了从海岸表面开始至浅海、中海区域的一片连续覆盖一定范围的礁穴2,可以为覆盖范围内提供连续的聚鱼保护结构。礁穴2、浮体4等结构均由饮料瓶制成,取材极其便利,相较以往的人工鱼礁甚至是废弃物制成的人工鱼礁而言成本也十分低廉,而且制造工艺也简单。本实用新型适用于浅、中海区域,一则距离水面较近,二来固定在海岸表面附近,因此回收十分便利,且比起现有技术的鱼礁而言,基架1本身就是连接礁穴2的装置,同时也是连接和回收结构,不需要连接绳之类的额外限位或连接结构。再者,本实用新型的承受关照范围较大,光线可从各个套环中直接照下,光照死角很少,相较以往的鱼礁底部及背光处不能受到充分光照而言,本实用新型中不论附着在基架1上还是礁穴2上处的海藻,均能受到充足的光照,而且,基架1能够随着洋流在一定范围内运动的,在洋流中,富含由铅直洋流带起的海底营养盐,最利于海藻等鱼类食料的生长,基架1及礁穴2能随时处在一定区域内洋流运动最频繁的地方,最利于海藻的附着和生长,为鱼类提供丰富的饵料,具有良好的聚鱼效果。本实用新型初时投入使用时可以用于鱼苗的养殖,此时鱼苗可以进入礁穴2,但是体积较大的鱼则会被网格架3挡住而不能吃掉处于礁穴2之内的鱼苗,需等由鱼饲料制成的网格架3被鱼群逐渐食用之后才能进入礁穴2,此时已度过鱼苗培育初期,因此可保证鱼苗的存活率,此时礁穴2也可作为体积较大的鱼的栖息和躲避场所,另外礁穴2上的附着层也有利于海藻的生长附着。
Several collars can be arbitrarily selected as fixed rings on the base frame 1 and fixed near the surface of the coast by means of lowering stakes, etc., and the remaining collars are hung into the seawater. In this way, a piece of
实施例2:如图1、图3所示的一种人工聚鱼保护装置,包括由若干封闭的套环构成的基架1,任一套环至少与另一个套环互相环套,所述的套环上设有至少一个由无底饮料瓶制成的礁穴2,所述的礁穴2大口处设有由鱼饲料制成的网格架3,所述的礁穴2上设有碳酸钙附着层,所述的礁穴2上设有两个套环孔,所述的礁穴2上的套环孔被与其自身相连的套环穿过。所述的矩形的基架1一侧边设有若干浮体4,所述的浮体4是完整饮料瓶。浮体4悬浮在远离海岸线的一端,可使基架1能较好的铺开,基架1中部处于最低位置,两端较高,既有横向的覆盖,又能保证深度方向的覆盖,既提供了尽可能大的鱼类聚集范围,又将基架1充分铺开,使作为鱼类饵料的海藻具有足够大的附着范围,同时可充分减少基架1各部分之间的互相遮光,使附着在基架1和其他附着结构上的海藻能有充分的光照,从而良好生长来提供丰富的饵料,使聚鱼、保护鱼的功能发挥到最大化。而且,浮体4也是由饮料瓶制成,取材便利,成本低廉。所述的制成礁穴2的无底饮料瓶底部大口处设有若干与礁穴2轴线平行的裂口,所述的礁穴2侧壁下端沿裂口上翻形成若干外翻边5,所述的外翻边5末段与礁穴2外侧壁相连形成间断的环状外穴腔,所述的外穴腔沿礁穴2轴线均布。外穴腔是间断的环状空间,具有大量的海藻附着点,能够良好的使海藻附着,空间利用率高。外穴腔本身也是鱼类栖息场所和保护结构,鱼类可以进入外穴腔中栖息和躲避。所述的基架1上设有若干由无底带盖饮料瓶制成的孢子培育瓶6,所述的孢子培育瓶6上设有包覆孢子培育瓶6底部的纱网,所述的孢子培育瓶6内被沿孢子培育瓶6轴线分布的若干铁片7分隔成若干贮存腔8,所述的贮存腔8内设有海藻孢子与木屑的压实混合物,所述的铁片7厚度为0.35mm至0.7mm。孢子培育瓶6上的铁片7会在海水中被腐蚀,待最靠近瓶底的铁片7被完全腐蚀消耗后,第一个贮存腔8内的孢子就会接触到外界的海水,在光照及温度适宜的条件下就会寻找附着基进行附着并开始生长出海藻丝状体和叶状体,由于孢子与木屑是压实混合的,因此不易直接被流动的海水带走,可以使孢子少量、缓慢地离开孢子培育瓶6,使其尽可能多地附着在基架1、礁穴2表面等处,提高本实用新型附近范围内的海藻量。而若干铁片7将孢子培育瓶6分隔成若干贮存腔8,因此可每隔一段时间提供一次海藻孢子,保证礁穴2等处附近能够长期附着生长较大量的海藻,以便长期吸引鱼群和提供食物,而铁片7的厚度可根据所需提供孢子的周期而定,每一个周期一块铁片7被腐蚀消耗,靠近瓶底侧的一个贮存腔8内的孢子就会与海水接触并在适宜条件下附着生长。例如,需要一年提供一次孢子,选取CuCr铸铁铁片7,那么铁片7厚度就选择为0.35mm,因为CuCr铸铁在海水中的腐蚀速度就是每年0.35mm。所述的孢子培育瓶6上设有辅助附着基,所述的辅助附着基材料为贝壳碎片。贝壳含有大量的碳酸钙成分,浅、中海中常见的海藻,如紫菜、海带等,其孢子和丝状体在生长时具有溶解碳酸钙的能力,较容易在贝壳上附着,并钻入生长,因此辅助附着基能够增加附着海藻的量,提供更多的鱼类饵料,更好的起到聚鱼效果。
Embodiment 2: a kind of artificial fish-gathering protective device as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, comprise the base frame 1 that is made of several closed collars, any collar at least and another collar mutually surround each other, described At least one
基架1上可以任意选取若干套环作为固定环通过下桩等方式固定在海岸表面附近,剩余套环挂入海水之中。如此一来,就形成了从海岸表面开始至浅海、中海区域的一片连续覆盖一定范围的礁穴2,可以为覆盖范围内提供连续的聚鱼保护结构。礁穴2、孢子培育瓶6等结构均由饮料瓶制成,取材极其便利,相较以往的人工鱼礁甚至是废弃物制成的人工鱼礁而言成本也十分低廉,而且制造工艺也简单。本实用新型适用于浅、中海区域,一则距离水面较近,二来固定在海岸表面附近,因此回收十分便利,且比起现有技术的鱼礁而言,基架1本身就是连接礁穴2的装置,同时也是连接和回收结构,不需要连接绳之类的额外限位或连接结构。再者,本实用新型的承受关照范围较大,光线可从各个套环中直接照下,光照死角很少,相较以往的鱼礁底部及背光处不能受到充分光照而言,本实用新型中不论附着在基架1上还是礁穴2上处的海藻,均能受到充足的光照,而且,基架1能够随着洋流在一定范围内运动的,在洋流中,富含由铅直洋流带起的海底营养盐,最利于海藻等鱼类食料的生长,基架1及礁穴2能随时处在一定区域内洋流运动最频繁的地方,最利于海藻的附着和生长,为鱼类提供丰富的饵料,具有良好的聚鱼效果。本实用新型初时投入使用时可以用于鱼苗的养殖,此时鱼苗可以进入礁穴2,但是体积较大的鱼则会被网格架3挡住而不能吃掉处于礁穴2之内的鱼苗,需等由鱼饲料制成的网格架3被鱼群逐渐食用之后才能进入礁穴2,此时已度过鱼苗培育初期,因此可保证鱼苗的存活率,此时礁穴2也可作为体积较大的鱼的栖息和躲避场所,另外礁穴2上的附着层也有利于海藻的生长附着。
Several collars can be arbitrarily selected as fixed rings on the base frame 1 and fixed near the surface of the coast by means of lowering stakes, etc., and the remaining collars are hung into the seawater. In this way, a piece of
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