CN203187762U - Vacuum boiling electrodeposition device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vacuum boiling electrodeposition device, belonging to the field of electrochemical machining technology and equipment. For solving the problem that the conventional electrodeposition device and the existing electrolyte vacuum boiling electrodeposition device both cannot be directly used for the vacuum surface boiling electrodeposition method in which the electrolyte contains inert particles, the utility model provides the novel vacuum boiling electrodeposition device. The vacuum boiling electrodeposition device comprises an electrodeposition system composed of a cathode, an anode, the electrolyte and a closed electrodeposition tank, and an electrolyte circulation filtering system composed of a circulation pump, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a flow control valve, a fine filter and a primary filter screen, wherein the electrolyte contains non-conducting inert particles and the circulation pump is a two-way variable pump. With the vacuum boiling electrodeposition device, a diffusion layer can be reduced effectively, even eliminated, the defects, such as hard spot, pin holes, deposition or uneven stress, on the electroforming layer surface caused by hydrogen evolution, point discharge or impurities and other reasons are reduced, and the electroforming layer with smooth and shining surface is obtained.

Description

A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device

technical field

The utility model relates to a vacuum boiling electrodeposition device, which belongs to the field of electrochemical processing technology and equipment.

Background technique

Electroforming technology is a precision special processing method with high replication accuracy and repeatability. It has been successfully applied to the manufacture of electronic devices, microwave devices, rocket engine components, and electrical machining electrodes. However, there are still some defects and limitations in the electroforming technology itself. For example, during the electroforming process, hydrogen will be precipitated from the surface of the cathode and remain on the surface of the cathode in the form of bubbles, which hinders the deposition of metal and causes pitting on the surface of the casting. Defects such as pinholes degrade the physical and mechanical properties of the electroformed layer. In addition, due to the influence of the tip discharge effect, the surface of the electroformed layer is prone to defects such as buildup and stress, resulting in poor uniformity of the electroformed layer and a decrease in the overall deposition rate. The existence of these problems has seriously hindered the improvement of the overall level of electroforming technology and the application and development of electroforming technology.

Around these problems, technical personnel at home and abroad have conducted long-term explorations and proposed a large number of solutions with engineering application effects. Ukraine's SHVAB (Mass transfer in fluidized beds of inert particles[J].Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2000,30:1285-1298) introduces inert particles into the electrolyte to use the flow of the electrolyte to drive the inert particles on the cathode surface Effects such as collision, friction and disturbance are formed, and the positive effect of significantly enhanced mass transfer effect, greatly reduced diffusion layer and further refined grains has been obtained. The Chinese invention patent with the patent number CN 101871108 A discloses a "electrolyte vacuum boiling type high-speed electrodeposition method and device", which proposes that the deposition process be carried out in a vacuum environment, which can quickly discharge air bubbles and reduce pinhole defects , to prevent the formation of harmful oxides, and achieved good results. If the inert particles are added to the electrolytic solution of the above-mentioned vacuum boiling type electrodeposition, in order to utilize the effects of bubble explosion impact and suction during the surface boiling process of the electrolyte, it can also drive the inert particles to form collision, friction, disturbance and other effects. , so as to further improve the process characteristics and quality of the electrolyte vacuum boiling electrodeposition technology. However, neither the conventional electrodeposition device nor the existing electrolytic solution vacuum boiling electrodeposition device can meet the use requirement that the electrolyte solution contains inert particles. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a vacuum surface boiling electrodeposition device suitable for electrolytes containing inert particles.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device for the vacuum boiling electrodeposition method of the electrolyte containing inert particles, so as to further increase the deposition speed and improve the quality of the electrodeposited layer.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions.

A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device, including an electrodeposition system composed of a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte, and a closed electrodeposition tank, and composed of a circulation pump, a programmable editor PLC, a flow regulating valve, a fine filter, and a primary filter. The electrolyte circulation filter system, and the electrolyte contains non-conductive inert particles, and the circulation pump is a two-way variable pump.

The density of the inert particles in the electrolyte is similar to that of the electrolyte, and the difference between the two densities does not exceed ±5%. The density of the inert particles is close to that of the electrolyte, and they are suspended in the electrolyte, which is conducive to the uniform distribution of the inert particles.

The particle size of the inert particles in the electrolyte is between 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm. If the diameter of the inert particles is too small, the inert particles will not be well dispersed in the electrolyte; if the diameter is too large, the collision frequency between the inert particles and the cathode will decrease, and the disturbance to the diffusion layer will decrease; , the inert particles are evenly distributed in the electrolyte, which has the best disturbance effect on the diffusion layer.

The volume content of the inert particles contained in the electrolyte is 5%-10%. If the volume content of the inert particles is too large, the resistance will be increased, causing distortion of the electric force line and affecting the quality of the deposition layer; if it is too small, the collision between the inert particles and the diffusion layer will be reduced, and the disturbance effect will be reduced.

The inert particles in the electrolyte are organic glass microspheres, epoxy resin (no filler) particles, polyvinyl chloride particles and other acid and alkali corrosion resistant particulate matter.

The pore size of the primary filter is 50-100 μm smaller than that of the inert particles in the electrolyte, and it is made of acid and alkali corrosion-resistant materials, such as polyester mesh, nylon mesh, stainless steel mesh, etc., installed on the inner wall of the closed electrodeposition tank and Cover the inlet and outlet. This can effectively prevent inert particles from passing through the primary filter and entering the circulation pump, affecting the normal operation of the pump.

The two-way variable pump can perform periodic forward and reverse rotation under the programming control of the programmable editor PLC. Due to the periodic forward and reverse rotation of the circulation pump, the alternate flushing of the two primary filter screens can be realized, reducing the adsorption of inert particles on the primary filter screen at the liquid inlet and preventing blockage.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and outstanding effects.

1. Increased deposition rate. When the catholyte is boiling in vacuum, a large number of bubbles escape, expand, and burst in the cathode, and the impact or suction formed when the bubbles burst will inevitably drive the movement of the inert particles. On the one hand, due to the violent disturbance of the inert particles, the concentration of the electrolyte tends to be uniform; on the other hand, the inert particles continue to move irregularly, and disturb the diffusion layer on the cathode surface through collision and friction, which greatly reduces the thickness of the diffusion layer and increases the The concentration of metal ions in the diffusion layer accelerates the liquid phase mass transfer process, improves the mass transfer efficiency, and then increases the limiting current density.

2. The crystal grains are refined, and the quality of the electrodeposited layer is improved. Due to the collision, friction and leveling effect of the inert particles, the crystallization process can be disturbed, the deposition defects can be reduced, and the surface quality of the deposited layer can be improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a vacuum boiling electrodeposition device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Anode, 2. Sealed electrodeposition tank, 3. Primary filter, 4. Liquid inlet, 5. Cathode, 6. Fine filter, 7. Flow regulating valve, 8. Programmable controller PLC, 9. Circulation pump, 10. Fine filter, 11. Flow regulating valve, 12. Diffusion layer, 13. Primary filter, 14. Liquid outlet, 15. Air bubbles, 16. Inert particles, 17. Electrolyte. the

Detailed ways

As shown in accompanying drawing 1, the utility model will be further described below with the specific example of electrodeposited nickel sheet. The specific operation steps are as follows.

(1) Fix the anode 1 and the cathode 5 in the electrodeposition tank 2, arrange them horizontally relative to each other, with a distance of 35 mm, and connect the positive and negative poles of the electrodeposition power supply respectively.

(2) Add electrolyte solution 17 containing organic glass microspheres 16 to electrodeposition tank 2 (the volume content of organic glass microspheres 16 in electrolyte solution 17 is 8%, and the particle size of organic glass microspheres 16 is 0.8 mm) , and then the electrodeposition tank 2 is sealed.

(3) Turn on the electrolyte circulation system and other systems (not shown in the figure), and when it is observed that the electrolyte 17 on the surface of the cathode 5 reaches a stable boiling, turn on the electrodeposition power supply and conduct electrodeposition.

(4) Turn on the programmable controller PLC8 to control the two-way variable pump 9 to change the direction every 5 minutes.

(5) After the coating reaches the required thickness, turn off the electrodeposition power supply and other systems, take out the electrodeposition parts, clean and dry them.

Claims (9)

1. A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device, including an electrodeposition system composed of a cathode (5), an anode (1), an electrolyte (17) and a closed electrodeposition tank (2) and a circulating pump (9), programmable The electrolyte circulating filtration system composed of program editor PLC (8), flow regulating valve (7, 11), fine filter (6, 10) and primary filter (3, 13), is characterized in that: the electrolyte (17) contains non-conductive inert particles (16); the circulation pump (9) is a two-way variable pump. 2. A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the density of the inert particles (16) in the electrolyte (17) is similar to that of the electrolyte (17), and the density difference between the two is No more than ±5%. 3. A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the inert particles (16) in the electrolyte (17) is between 0.5 and 1.2 mm. 4. A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the volume content of the inert particles (16) contained in the electrolyte (17) in the electrolyte (17) is 5% ~10%. 5. A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inert particles (16) in the electrolyte (17) are plexiglass microspheres, epoxy resin (no filler) particles, Particulate substances resistant to acid and alkali corrosion such as polyvinyl chloride particles. 6. A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pore diameter of the primary filter (3, 13) is 50-100 μm smaller than the particle diameter of the inert particles (16) in the electrolyte. 7. A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the primary filter (3, 13) is made of acid and alkali corrosion resistant materials, such as polyester mesh, nylon mesh, stainless steel mesh net etc. 8. A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the primary filter (3, 13) is installed on the inner wall of the closed electrodeposition tank (2) and covers the inlet and outlet (4, 14). 9. A vacuum boiling electrodeposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bidirectional variable pump (9) can perform periodic forward and reverse under the programming control of the programmable editor PLC (8) turn.

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