CN203076616U - Special blade with V-shaped tool noses for rough machining of large-sized axial forgings - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a special blade for rough machining of large shaft forgings with a V-shaped tip, which belongs to the technical field of cutting tools for turning. For super-large shaft forgings during the processing of hydrogenation cylinders, the cutting tool is subjected to variable load and variable frequency mechanical impact, which causes fracture failure, and poor heat dissipation conditions during the cutting process, high temperature softens the tool body, resulting in tool-chip bonding and chip breakage Difficult problem of crumbs. Four negative chamfered cutting edges are processed on the four outer edges of the rake face of the insert, and a V-shaped tip is processed at the intersection of two adjacent negative chamfered cutting edges. There are four diamond-shaped protrusions adjacent to the four V-shaped tool tips on the surface. The fastening screw counterbore is processed on the raised platform at the geometric center, and the circular heat dissipation groove is processed on the outer periphery of the fastening screw counterbore on the raised platform. , The four diagonals of the protruding platform are processed with diagonal cooling grooves. The utility model is used for turning with large depth of cut in the rough machining of large forging blanks.

Description

Special insert for rough machining of large shaft forgings with V-shaped tip

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of cutting tools for turning, in particular to a special blade for rough machining large shaft forgings with a V-shaped tip.

Background technique

With the development of my country's economy, the demand for large-scale high-end equipment in clean energy (nuclear power, hydropower), aerospace, transportation and other fields is increasing. However, the manufacturing level of my country's large-scale equipment restricts the localization of my country's large-scale high-end equipment. The materials of large-scale equipment parts are generally difficult-to-machine materials, and the processing difficulty is very high. In addition, during the cutting process, the cutting depth a _p is as high as about 30mm, the cutting force is very large, and the tool damage is serious. Problems to be solved. For example, the large hydrogenation cylinder section blank is directly forged, and the weight can reach hundreds of tons or even thousands of tons. Metal coverings, etc. The materials used in the hydrogenation cylinder section are quite special and have strong high temperature toughness. At present, the cutting tool used in hydrogenation cylinder cutting is a single-edged welded turning tool. During the processing, the cutting amount caused by forging defects changes greatly. The tool is easily broken due to impact, and the current tool does not have a chip breaker, which makes it difficult for the chip to break during processing and wrap around the tool, which makes the heat dissipation condition of the tool worse, resulting in a continuous rise in the temperature of the cutting area High (up to 1000°C), a large amount of cutting heat accumulates on the cutting area, which accelerates the softening of the tool, which easily causes the cutting edge of the tool and the chip to produce knife-chip bonding, the tool life is short, and the production efficiency is seriously restricted improvement.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a special blade for rough machining of large-scale shaft forgings with V-shaped tip, aiming at fracture failure caused by the cutting tool being subjected to variable load and variable frequency mechanical impact during the ultra-large shaft forging hydrogenation cylinder cutting process, As well as the poor heat dissipation conditions during the cutting process, the high temperature softens the tool body, resulting in the problem of tool-chip bonding and chip breaking difficulties.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: V-shaped knife tip special blade for rough machining of large-scale shaft forgings, the shape of the blade is a square truss shape, and the area of the bottom surface of the blade is smaller than the area of the rake face of the blade , the four outer edges of the rake face of the insert are respectively processed with four negative chamfered cutting edges, and each adjacent two negative chamfered cutting edges of the insert are processed with a V-shaped tool tip, and the sharp corner of the V-shaped tool tip The vertical surface perpendicular to the angle bisector of the V-shaped knife tip is processed at the center, and the middle part of the rake face of the blade is provided with a raised platform in the shape of a square truss, the area of the front surface of the raised platform is smaller than the area of the bottom surface of the raised platform, and the blade There are four convex grooves at the center of the peripheral edge of the rake face, and the adjacent surfaces of the convex grooves and the raised platform are slopes inclined toward the bottom of the blade, and a trapezoidal chip breaker is formed between the slopes of the raised platform and the convex grooves , there are four diamond-shaped protrusions on the rake face of the blade adjacent to the four V-shaped tool tips, and the four diamond-shaped protrusions are set on the diagonal line corresponding to the rake face of the blade, and the protrusion platform is located at the geometric center of the blade The fastening screw counterbore is processed along the thickness direction of the blade, and the outer periphery of the fastening screw counterbore is processed on the protruding platform. The four diagonals of the protruding platform are respectively processed with diagonal cooling grooves. The cooling groove is arranged in communication with the circular cooling groove, the thickness S of the blade is 8-12 mm, and the back angle α ₀ of the blade is 7-9°.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The area between the slope of the protruding platform on the rake face of the blade and the slope of the convex groove forms a trapezoidal chip breaker, which enhances the chip breaking performance of the blade, makes chip breaking and chip removal easier, and reduces the impact of large chips on the tool. The friction at the rake corner of the cutting edge reduces the generation of cutting heat.

2. There are four diamond-shaped protrusions adjacent to the four V-shaped tool tips on the rake face of the insert, which can increase the strength of the tool tip and reduce the depth of the trapezoidal chipbreaker when the cutting amount is small, thereby reducing the curling radius of the chip. Accelerate its breakage and reduce wear on the rake face of the blade.

3. The V-shaped tool tip is adopted. In the case of large cutting amount, the edge of the large chip and the inner edge of the V-shaped tool tip squeeze each other, which will cause stress concentration at the edge of the chip and produce a pre-fracture gap, thereby improving the breaking efficiency of large chips.

4. The cutting edge reinforcement is set, which can not only increase the strength of the cutting edge, but also play a role in dividing and protecting the main and auxiliary cutting edges.

5. The cutting edge of the blade adopts negative chamfering cutting edge, the purpose is to reduce the cutting vibration during the cutting process, and improve the strength and impact resistance of the cutting edge.

6. There is a protruding platform in the shape of a square truss in the middle of the rake face of the blade, which not only increases the thickness of the blade in the axial direction, but also improves the overall strength of the blade.

7. A circular cooling groove is processed on the outer periphery of the counterbore of the fastening screw on the protruding platform. Diagonal cooling grooves are respectively processed on the four diagonals of the protruding platform. The diagonal cooling grooves are connected with the circular cooling grooves, increasing the The heat dissipation area of the rake face of the blade is increased, and if the coolant is used, it will also act as a volume coolant to cool the blade rapidly.

8. The bottom of the blade is equipped with a square cooling groove and a central line cooling groove, which not only increases the heat dissipation area at the bottom of the blade, but also reduces the contact area between the blade and the tool holder, thereby reducing heat transfer and avoiding the bonding of the blade and the tool holder due to high temperature , It can also transport coolant to enhance heat dissipation.

9. The bottom of the knife is equipped with radial heat dissipation protrusions, which play a role in supporting the blade after the blade and the knife rod are fastened. There is a circle of small heat dissipation grooves radiating outward on the surface, which can dissipate the heat from the screw and at the same time keep the square heat dissipation groove The cold air or coolant is introduced around the fastening screw through the radiant heat sink to enhance internal heat dissipation and prevent the screw from sticking to the blade.

10. The concave curved surface is set on the flank of the blade to enhance the strength near the cutting edge of the blade. It can not only disperse the downward pressure to other directions and strengthen the cutter body, but also when using cutting fluid At the same time, it also has the function of a funnel, which is beneficial for the cutting fluid to enter the bottom of the blade through the centerline heat dissipation groove and the square heat dissipation groove, thereby enhancing heat dissipation.

11. Since the bottom surface of the blade is a supporting convex surface, it can effectively prevent vibration, also protect the tool holder or cutter head, and improve the cutting stability.

12. The maximum cutting force that the blade of this utility model can withstand can reach 100-110KN, and the maximum cutting depth can reach 30mm, which can meet the needs of large workpiece material removal (up to tens of tons) during rough machining of ultra-large forging blanks Large depth of cut requirements. The service life of the blade of the utility model is 1.1 times that of the ordinary blade, and the processing efficiency is increased by about 30% compared with the original one.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the special blade for rough machining of large-scale shaft forgings with V-shaped tip of the utility model, Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is the bottom view of Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is a B-B sectional view of FIG. 4 .

Detailed ways

Specific Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1-5, the special blade for rough machining of large-scale shaft forgings with a V-shaped tip according to this embodiment, the shape of the blade is in the shape of a square truss, and the area of the bottom surface of the blade is smaller than that of the front edge of the blade. Four negative chamfer cutting edges 4 are respectively processed on the four outer edges of the rake face of the blade, and a V-shaped tool tip 7 is processed at each junction of two adjacent negative chamfer cutting edges 4 of the blade, V The sharp angle place of shape knife point 7 is processed with the vertical surface perpendicular to the angle bisector plane of this V-shaped knife point 7, and the middle part of blade rake face is provided with the protruding platform 5 of quadrangular truss shape, and described protruding platform 5 front surfaces The area of the area is less than the area of the bottom surface of the raised platform 5, four ribs are arranged at the center of the edge around the rake face of the blade, and the adjacent faces of the raised ribs and the raised platform 5 are slopes inclined toward the bottom surface of the blade, and the raised platform 5 A trapezoidal chip breaker 2 is formed between the inclined surface and the convex inclined surface. Four diamond-shaped protrusions 1 are arranged on the rake face of the insert adjacent to the four V-shaped tool tips 7, and the four diamond-shaped protrusions 1 are arranged on the front edge of the insert. On the diagonal corresponding to the surface, the protruding platform 5 is located at the geometric center of the blade and is processed with a fastening screw counterbore 6 along the thickness direction of the blade, and the outer periphery of the protruding platform 5 located at the fastening screw counterbore 6 is processed with a circular The heat dissipation groove 8 and the four diagonals of the protruding platform 5 are respectively processed with diagonal heat dissipation grooves 14, and the diagonal heat dissipation grooves 14 are connected with the circular heat dissipation groove 8. The thickness of the blade is S=8-12mm, and the back angle of the blade is α ₀ =7~9°.

Specific embodiment 2: The rake angle of the blade in this embodiment is 6-8°. Preferably the rake angle of the blade is 7°. It can meet the requirements of large cutting blades. The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3: The blade inclination angle of the blade in this embodiment is 0°. The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the second embodiment.

Embodiment 4: Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , four flanks 16 of the insert in this embodiment are processed with concave curved surfaces 11 near the centerline cooling grooves 15 located on the flanks 16 . The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the third embodiment.

Embodiment 5: Referring to FIG. 2 , the trapezoidal chipbreaker 2 in this embodiment is provided with a cutting edge reinforcing rib 3 on the cross center line of the rake face of the insert. The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the third embodiment.

Embodiment 6: In conjunction with FIG. 4, a square cooling groove 9 is provided on the bottom surface of the blade of this embodiment outside the outer periphery of the fastening screw counterbore 6, and the bottom surface of the square cooling groove 9 is located on the fastening screw counterbore 6. Radial heat dissipation protrusions 10 are provided at the outer periphery of the blade, and a centerline heat dissipation groove 15 communicating with the square heat dissipation groove 9 is processed between the middle part of each outer edge of the blade bottom surface and the middle part of the groove edge corresponding to the square heat dissipation groove 9 . The undisclosed technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in the fifth embodiment.

When the special blade for rough machining of large-scale shaft forgings with V-shaped tip of the utility model is used, the blade is fixed on the cutter bar (or cutter head) by fastening screws.

Claims (6)

1. the special-purpose blade of a V-arrangement point of a knife macrotype axes series forging roughing, the profile of described blade is the truncated rectangular pyramids shape, the area of blade bottom surface is less than the area of blade rake face, it is characterized in that: four outer edge of blade rake face are processed with four negative chamfered edge cutting edges (4) respectively, every adjacent two negative chamfered edge cutting edges (4) junction of blade is processed with a V-arrangement point of a knife (7) respectively, the sharp corner of V-arrangement point of a knife (7) is processed with the perpendicular facade of equidistant point with this V-arrangement point of a knife (7), the middle part of blade rake face is provided with the raised platform (5) of truncated rectangular pyramids shape, the area of described raised platform (5) front surface is less than the area of raised platform (5) bottom surface, the center, edge of blade rake face be provided with four protruding stupefied, protruding stupefied and raised platform (5) adjacent surface are the inclined-plane that tilts to blade bottom surface direction, by forming trapezoidal chip-breaker (2) between the inclined-plane of raised platform (5) and the protruding stupefied inclined-plane, four V-arrangement points of a knife of next-door neighbour (7) locate to be provided with four rhombus projectioies (1) on the blade rake face, and four rhombus projectioies (1) are arranged on the pairing diagonal of blade rake face, the geometric center place that is positioned at blade on the raised platform (5) is processed with trip bolt counterbore (6) along the blade thickness direction, the neighboring that is positioned at trip bolt counterbore (6) on the raised platform (5) is processed with circular radiating groove (8), be processed with diagonal angle radiating groove (14) respectively on four diagonal of raised platform (5), diagonal angle radiating groove (14) setting that communicates with circular radiating groove (8), thickness S=8～the 12mm of blade, the relief angle α of blade ₀=7～9 °.

2. according to the special-purpose blade of the described V-arrangement point of a knife of claim 1 macrotype axes series forging roughing, it is characterized in that: the anterior angle of blade is 6～8 °.

3. according to the special-purpose blade of the described V-arrangement point of a knife of claim 2 macrotype axes series forging roughing, it is characterized in that: the cutting edge inclination of blade is 0 °.

4. according to the special-purpose blade of the described V-arrangement point of a knife of claim 3 macrotype axes series forging roughing, it is characterized in that: be positioned on the knife face (16) after four of blade behind the place and be processed with inner sunken face (11) near the center line radiating groove (15) on the knife face (16).

5. according to claim or the special-purpose blade of 4 described V-arrangement point of a knife macrotype axes series forging roughing, it is characterized in that: the cross centre line that is positioned at the blade rake face in the trapezoidal chip-breaker (2) is provided with cutting edge reinforcement (3).

6. according to the special-purpose blade of the described V-arrangement point of a knife of claim 5 macrotype axes series forging roughing, it is characterized in that: the outside that is positioned at trip bolt counterbore (6) neighboring on the blade bottom surface is provided with square radiating groove (9), the outer circumference that is positioned at trip bolt counterbore (6) on the groove bottom of square radiating groove (9) is provided with radial heat radiation projection (10), is processed with the center line radiating groove (15) that communicates with square radiating groove (9) between every outer peripheral middle part of blade bottom surface to the middle part of the pairing groove edge of square radiating groove (9).

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