CN202989295U

CN202989295U - Electrolysis concentration apparatus for tritium in environmental water

Info

Publication number: CN202989295U
Application number: CN2012204335890U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘竞舜; 文富平; 陈凌
Original assignee: China Institute of Atomic of Energy
Current assignee: China Institute of Atomic of Energy
Priority date: 2012-08-29
Filing date: 2012-08-29
Publication date: 2013-06-12
Anticipated expiration: 2022-08-29

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electrolysis apparatus. The utility model provides an electrolysis concentration apparatus for tritium in environmental water in order to solve the problems of low tritium content measurement accuracy, poor operational stability and low concentration efficiency. The cathode of the apparatus is a hollow structure, the outer wall of the cathode is of a double-layer structure, the interlayer of the double-layer structure forms a cooling water passage, the lower part of the cathode is provided with a electrolyte outlet, the anode is inside the cathode and is of a hollow structure, the anode wall is provided with gas guide holes, the anode is communicated with the cathode chamber through the bottom of the anode, and the top of the anode is provided with an air outlet. Each electrolysis concentration unit also includes a condenser pipe, and the anode is in sealed connection with the condenser pipe through the air outlet. The electrolysis concentration system of the electrolysis concentration apparatus is good in heat dissipation effect, small in water loss during electrolysis, high in recovery of tritium, accurate in tritium concentration measurement result, significantly improved in tritium electrolysis concentration efficiency and very convenient in operation.

Description

Tritium electrolytic enrichment device in a kind of ambient water

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of electrolyzer, particularly tritium electrolytic enrichment device in a kind of ambient water.

Background technology

Tritium is the radio isotope of hydrogen, extensively exists in physical environment, and the mankind's nuclear activity has simultaneously also discharged a certain amount of tritium in environment.In physical environment, tritium mainly exists with the form of water, due to the activity of tritium in ambient water generally lower than 1Bq/L, and the minimum 1Bq/L that can reach of minimum threshold sensitivity of the liquid scintillation counter of commercial production at present, therefore directly measurement can't provide the analytical results of tritium level accurately.

The molecule that consists of due to the molecular ratio heavy isotope that is made of light isotope has higher zero-point energy, in molecule corresponding Binding Forces Between Atoms a little less than, therefore can produce fractionation effect when water is carried out electrolysis, protium is first lost by electrolysis, and tritium concentrates in water.Based on above-mentioned principle, to the measurement of low-level tritium in ambient water, this area generally adopts electrolytic enrichment to improve tritium concentration, then uses liquid scintillation counter measurement.Although in water, the electrolytic enrichment principle of tritium is comparatively simple, yet the design of its electrolytic enrichment device is but the technological difficulties in practical application, its design level is directly connected to the Stability and veracity of measuring result, therefore to realize the electrolytic enrichment reliable and stable to the tritium in water sample, thereby obtain tritium level measuring result comparatively accurately, just require the electrolytic enrichment device from designing the impact that farthest weakens various unfavorable factors.

Owing to can producing a large amount of heat in the electrolytic enrichment process of tritium, be difficult to diffusion, therefore all there is the relatively poor problem of heat radiation in existing electrolytic enrichment device.In electrolysis system, the accumulation of heat can cause the poor stability of electrolytic enrichment device operation, and makes than the form volatilization of juicy by water vapour, causes the rate of recovery of tritium lower, affects the accuracy of tritium level measuring result.In order to guarantee that the electrolytic enrichment device can move, prior art has to adopt the method for sacrificing electrolysis speed usually, has had a strong impact on the efficient that concentrates.

Summary of the invention

Low in order to solve the tritium rate of recovery that existing tritium electrolytic enrichment device exists, the problem such as the tritium level measurement result accuracy is not high, and operation stability is poor, and the efficient that concentrates is not high, the utility model provides tritium electrolytic enrichment device in a kind of ambient water.Its concrete structure is as follows:

tritium electrolytic enrichment device in a kind of ambient water, comprise one or more electrolytic enrichment unit, each electrolytic enrichment unit comprises electrolyzer, described electrolyzer comprises negative electrode and anode, it is characterized in that: described negative electrode adopts hollow structure, the negative electrode outer wall adopts bilayer structure, form cooling-water duct in described bilayer structure interlayer, and be provided with cooling water inlet and cooling water outlet, the negative electrode bottom is provided with electrolyte outlet, negative electrode top adopts insulated enclosure to be connected with anode, described anode is positioned at negative electrode inside and adopts hollow structure, anode wall is provided with gas port, anode is communicated with cathode internal cavity by its bottom, anode top is provided with venting port.

Each electrolytic enrichment unit also comprises prolong, and anode is tightly connected by venting port and prolong; The material of negative electrode is preferably stainless steel; The material of anode is preferably nickel; The electrolyte outlet preferred valve is controlled.

Because electrolytic enrichment device of the present utility model has adopted bilayer structure negative electrode outer wall, logical design of cooling water in interlayer, so good heat dissipation effect, in electrolytic process moisture loss few, the rate of recovery of tritium is high, the tritium level measuring result is accurate, and electrolysis speed is fast.The employing of prolong has further reduced the loss of moisture in the electrolytic process, has improved the rate of recovery of tritium and the accuracy rate of tritium level measuring result, can lower the temperature to anode simultaneously, has further improved radiating effect, and easy to use.And the mode of negative electrode bottom collection tritium concentration liquid has improved the convenience of operation greatly, has obviously improved the electrolytic enrichment efficient of tritium.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is tritium electrolytic enrichment apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present utility model

Fig. 2 is electrolytic enrichment modular construction schematic diagram of the present utility model

Reference numeral wherein is as follows: 1. airway, 2. prolong water outlet, 3. prolong, 4. prolong water-in, 5. insulating mat, 6. gas port, 7. cooling water outlet, 8. anode, 9. negative electrode, 10. electrolytic solution, 11. water coolants, 12. cooling water inlets, 13. electrolyte outlets, 14. receiving flasks.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred forms of the present utility model is described further.

Embodiment 1

tritium electrolytic enrichment device in a kind of ambient water, comprise one or more electrolytic enrichment unit, each electrolytic enrichment unit comprises electrolyzer, described electrolyzer comprises negative electrode 9 and anode 8, described negative electrode 9 adopts hollow structure, negative electrode 9 outer walls adopt bilayer structure, form cooling-water duct in described bilayer structure interlayer, and be provided with cooling water inlet 12 and cooling water outlet 7, negative electrode 9 bottoms are provided with electrolyte outlet 13, negative electrode 9 tops adopt insulated enclosure to be connected with anode 8, described anode 8 is positioned at negative electrode 9 inside and adopts hollow structure, anode 8 walls are provided with gas port 6, anode 8 is communicated with negative electrode 9 inner chambers by its bottom, anode 8 tops are provided with venting port.Each electrolytic enrichment unit also comprises prolong 3, and anode 8 is tightly connected by venting port and prolong 3.

Embodiment 2

tritium electrolytic enrichment device in a kind of ambient water, comprise one or more electrolytic enrichment unit, each electrolytic enrichment unit comprises electrolyzer, described electrolyzer comprises negative electrode 9 and anode 8, described negative electrode 9 adopts hollow structure, negative electrode 9 outer walls adopt bilayer structure, form cooling-water duct in described bilayer structure interlayer, and be provided with cooling water inlet 12 and cooling water outlet 7, negative electrode 9 bottoms are provided with electrolyte outlet 13, negative electrode 9 tops adopt insulated enclosure to be connected with anode 8, described anode 8 is positioned at negative electrode 9 inside and adopts hollow structure, anode 8 walls are provided with gas port 6, anode 8 is communicated with negative electrode 9 inner chambers by its bottom, anode 8 tops are provided with venting port.Each electrolytic enrichment unit also comprises prolong 3, and anode 8 is tightly connected by venting port and prolong 3; The material of negative electrode 9 is stainless steel; The material of anode 8 is nickel; Electrolyte outlet 13 adopts valve to control.

Claims

1. A tritium electrolytic concentration device in environmental water, including one or more electrolytic concentration units, each electrolytic concentration unit includes an electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic cell includes a cathode (9) and an anode (8), its characteristics In that: the cathode (9) adopts a hollow structure, the outer wall of the cathode (9) adopts a double-layer structure, and a cooling water channel is formed in the interlayer of the double-layer structure, and a cooling water inlet (12) and a cooling water outlet (7) are provided , the lower part of the cathode (9) is provided with an electrolyte outlet (13), the upper part of the cathode (9) is insulated and sealed with the anode (8), the anode (8) is located inside the cathode (9) and adopts a hollow structure, and the anode (8) ) is provided with an air guide hole (6) on the wall, the anode (8) communicates with the inner cavity of the cathode (9) through its bottom, and the top of the anode (8) is provided with an exhaust port.

2. The tritium electrolysis concentration device in environmental water according to claim 1, characterized in that: each electrolysis concentration unit also includes a condensation pipe (3), and the anode (8) is sealed with the condensation pipe (3) through the exhaust port connect.

3. The environmental water tritium electrolysis concentration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the cathode (9) is stainless steel.

4. The environmental water tritium electrolysis concentration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the anode (8) is nickel.

5. The environmental water tritium electrolysis concentration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrolyte outlet (13) is controlled by a valve.