CN202956389U - A portable wind speed measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a portable wind speed measuring device belonging to the measurement instrument technology field. The technical scheme is that the portable wind speed measuring device comprises a wind speed signal measuring module, a wind speed signal amplification module, a wind speed signal processing module and a wind speed signal display module, the wind speed signal processing module comprises a one-chip microcomputer and an A/D converter, and the wind speed signal measuring module, the wind speed signal amplification module, the A/D converter, the one-chip microcomputer, the wind speed signal processing module and the wind speed signal display module are connected orderly. The effects of the utility model are that a wind vane part of the measuring device is detachable, so that the portable wind speed measuring device is not only convenient to carry but also easy to maintain and replace, and enables the wind speed signal measurement, storage and display functions to be realized.

Description

A portable wind speed measuring device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of measuring instruments, in particular to a portable wind speed measuring device.

Background technique

Anemometer is a device used in meteorological stations, chemical industry, power stations, industrial and mining enterprises and other units to record wind travel and observe instantaneous wind speed. It has important practical significance for relevant units to realize the digitization and automation of wind speed indication.

At present, anemometers at home and abroad are mainly divided into three categories. The first category is the propeller-type wind direction and wind speed sensor. The wind speed measurement uses a low-inertia three-blade propeller as the sensing element. The blade rotates with the wind and drives the wind speed encoder for photoelectric scanning. Corresponding electrical pulse signals are output. This kind of propeller wind speed sensor has poor confinement and general dynamic performance. The second type is the three-cup wind speed sensor. The sensing element is a three-cup wind assembly, which is composed of three carbon fiber wind cups and a wind frame. The rotator is a multi-tooth rotor cup and a slit optocoupler. When the shaft rotor rotates in the slit optocoupler, the frequency signal is output, but this device has moving parts, so it is easy to wear, and the volume is large, requiring frequent maintenance, and it is only suitable for measuring large wind speeds. Suitable for small space flow field measurement. The third type is the ultrasonic wind speed sensor. According to the different measurement principles, the following methods are mainly used to measure the gas flow velocity: time difference method, Doppler method, vortex street wind speed measurement method, correlation method and beam offset method, etc. These methods have high measurement accuracy, but the speed of ultrasonic waves will be affected by temperature during the propagation process. Therefore, when using ultrasonic Doppler method for measurement, temperature compensation must be performed to improve the accuracy of the system. In addition, if the ultrasonic wave is working In a noisy environment, the signal will be submerged by the noise, which is not conducive to measurement, and the instrument is expensive, and the measurement cost is relatively high.

In the utility model patent "Portable Wind Direction and Anemometer" (authorized announcement number is CN202196076U), a portable wind direction and wind speed measuring device is also proposed. Rotate in the center to generate a pulse signal, and display it on the display unit after processing. The device is small in size and light in weight, but the measuring parts cannot be disassembled, and it is easy to be damaged during storage and difficult to maintain and replace.

Contents of the invention

The utility model proposes a portable wind speed measuring device aiming at the problems existing in the accuracy of the measuring method and the convenience of the measuring device in the current wind speed measuring device described in the background technology.

The technical solution is a portable wind speed measurement device, characterized in that the device includes a wind speed signal measurement module, a wind speed signal amplification module, a wind speed signal processing module and a wind speed signal display module; the wind speed signal processing module includes a single-chip microcomputer and a /D converter;

Wherein, the wind speed signal measurement module, wind speed signal amplification module, A/D converter, single chip microcomputer, wind speed signal processing module and wind speed signal display module are connected in sequence.

The wind speed signal measurement module is placed in the flowing air; the wind speed signal measurement module includes a wind speed sensor, a wind direction axis and a wind vane; the wind speed sensor includes a resistance strain gauge and an elastic element; the wind speed sensor is connected to the wind direction axis and the wind vane connected as a whole; the wind vane and the wind direction axis are fixed by fastening screws.

The wind speed signal display module includes a display screen.

The device also includes a base, a box body and a key switch; the wind speed signal amplification module, wind speed signal display module, single-chip microcomputer and A/D converter are installed inside the box body; the key switch and display screen are installed at the front end of the box body ; The base is installed on the top of the box and connected to the lower end of the wind direction shaft.

The wind vane is a detachable wind vane; the wind vane includes a counterweight, a screw thread, a screw hole and an empennage; the wind vane is connected to the wind direction shaft through the screw hole, and the counterweight is threaded, and is connected to the empennage through the thread.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the wind vane part of the measuring device is designed as a detachable type, which is not only convenient to carry, but also easy to maintain and replace. At the same time, the utility model can realize the measurement, storage and display functions of the wind speed signal at the same time. Compared with the existing technology, it overcomes the high requirements for temperature and noise signals, high price, inaccurate measurement results, and inconvenient portability in the prior art. Problems, suitable for wind speed measurement occasions in the field or with insufficient power supply.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a portable wind speed measuring device provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 is an appearance diagram of a portable wind speed measuring device provided by the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a wind vane of a portable wind speed measuring device provided by the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first circuit structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second circuit structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Among them, 1- wind speed sensor; 2- wind direction axis; 3- counterweight; 4- fastening screw; 5- base; 6- display screen; 7- key switch; 8- wind vane; 9- resistance strain gauge; Element; 11-thread; 12-screw hole; 13-tail.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the following descriptions are only illustrative, not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model and its application.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a portable wind speed measuring device provided by the utility model. Among Fig. 1, described device comprises wind speed signal measurement module, wind speed signal amplification module, wind speed signal processing module and wind speed signal display module; Described wind speed signal processing module comprises single-chip microcomputer and A/D converter; Wherein, described wind speed signal measurement The module, the wind speed signal amplification module, the A/D converter, the single chip microcomputer, the wind speed signal processing module and the wind speed signal display module are connected in sequence. The wind speed signal measurement module is used to measure the wind speed signal; the wind speed signal amplification module is used to amplify and filter the wind speed signal; the wind speed signal processing module is used to analyze and process the wind speed signal; the wind speed The signal display module is used to display the wind speed signal in real time.

Fig. 2 is an appearance diagram of a portable wind speed measuring device provided by the utility model. In Fig. 2, a portable wind speed measurement device includes: wind speed sensor, wind direction axis, counterweight, fastening screw, base, display screen, key switch, wind vane, resistance strain gauge and elastic element. Among them, the wind speed signal measurement module is composed of a resistance strain gauge and an elastic element. It is connected with the wind direction shaft and the wind vane. The wind vane is designed to be detachable. It needs to be fixed with fastening screws during measurement. , the base is installed on the top of the box with display screen, key switch and signal processing module circuit.

When the wind blows, the measuring device 1 rotates with the axis of the wind direction and is always perpendicular to the wind direction, so that the elastic element is deformed due to the resistance of the wind, and the deformation is measured by the resistance strain gauge and finally passed through Wheatstone The bridge displays the wind speed information in the form of voltage.

The above-mentioned voltage value measured will be analyzed and processed in the wind speed signal processing module. The wind speed signal processing module is composed of an amplifier, an A/D converter and a single-chip computer. First, in the wind speed signal amplification module part, the amplification circuit converts the tiny output of the wind speed measurement module to The voltage value is amplified and filtered, and then the electrical signal related to the wind speed is extracted, and then the amplified voltage signal is input into the A/D converter for digital processing, and the conversion result is input into the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer converts according to the A/D The result is to select the voltage signal of the required magnification, convert it into a wind speed signal and send it out, and display it on the monitor in real time.

Fig. 3 is a structure diagram of a wind vane of a portable wind speed measuring device provided by the utility model. In Fig. 3, the structure of the detachable wind vane includes a counterweight, thread, screw hole and empennage. The wind vane is connected to the wind direction shaft through the screw hole, and the counterweight is designed to be threaded, so that it can be connected and separated from the tail part through the thread. When installing, first connect the tail part of the wind vane to the wind direction axis, and then install the counterweight part. When removing it, you need to remove the counterweight part first, and then remove the tail part.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are circuit principle diagrams of the whole measuring device provided by the utility model. The entire circuit is powered by DC 5V voltage, so the 7.5V DC battery needs to be converted through the three-terminal voltage regulator integrated circuit LM7805, and the positive pole of the DC power supply U _AC is connected to the first strain resistor R11, the first resistor R13 and the first preset Adjust the common node of the balance resistance R _P , the negative pole is connected to the common node of the second strain resistance R12, the second resistance R14 and the first preset balance resistance R _P , and one end of the output voltage _U0 is connected to the first strain resistance R11, the second strain resistance The common node of the resistor R12 and the second preset balancing resistor R _t is connected to the common node of the first resistor and the second resistor at the other end. The signal measurement module uses the resistance strain measurement technology to convert the wind speed signal into the resistance change of the first strain resistance R11 and the second strain resistance R12, and uses the Wheatstone bridge to convert the resistance change value of the strain resistance into a measurable voltage change value.

The No. 1 pin of the amplifier U11 is connected to the Ui1 terminal of the signal measurement module, the No. 2 pin of the amplifier U11 is connected to the No. 2 pin of the potentiometer R21, and the No. 3 pin of the amplifier U11 is connected to the No. 1 pin of the potentiometer R21 Pin (No. 3 pin of the potentiometer is suspended, omitted here); No. 4 pin of the amplifier U11 is connected to the Ui2 terminal of the signal measurement module; No. 6 pin of the amplifier U11 is connected to No. 6 pin of the reference voltage source U21 The common node with the capacitor C05; the 7th pin of the amplifier U11 is connected to the common node of the resistor R4 and the capacitor C08; the 8th pin of the amplifier U11 is connected to the 5V DC power supply, the common node of the capacitor C01 and the capacitor C02; the reference voltage source U21 The No. 2 pin of the pin is connected to the common node of the 5V DC power supply, the capacitor C03 and the capacitor C04.

Pin 48 of the ATmega128 microcontroller is connected in series with the LED indicator light, resistor R3 and GND ground potential in sequence. Pins 10 to 17 of the ATmega128 microcontroller are respectively connected to pins DB0 to DB7 of the LCD1602 liquid crystal display module. ATmega128 Pin 54 of the microcontroller is connected to pin 4 of the JTAG interface, pin 55 of the ATmega128 microcontroller is connected to pin 3 of the JTAG interface, pin 56 of the ATmega128 microcontroller is connected to pin 2 of the JTAG interface, and pin 56 of the ATmega128 microcontroller is connected to pin 2 of the JTAG interface. Pin 57 is connected to pin 1 of the JTAG interface, pin 52 of the ATmega128 microcontroller is connected to pin 6 of the JTAG interface and the common node of the DC power supply VCC, and pin 64 of the ATmega128 microcontroller is connected to capacitor C09, inductor H1 and The common node of pin 62 of ATmega128 MCU, pin 63 of ATmega128 MCU is connected to pin 5 of JTAG interface;

Pin 51 of the ATmega128 MCU is connected to the first signal key switch K1, pin 50 of the ATmega128 MCU is connected to the first signal key switch K2, pin 49 of the ATmega128 MCU is connected to the first signal key switch K3, and pin 32 of the ATmega128 MCU The pin is connected to the RS pin of the LCD1602 liquid crystal display module, the 33rd pin of the ATmega128 microcontroller is connected to the R/W pin of the LCD1602 liquid crystal display module, the 32nd pin of the ATmega128 microcontroller is connected to the E pin of the LCD1602 liquid crystal display module, and the ATmega128 microcontroller The 23rd pin of the OSC crystal oscillator is connected to the 3rd pin of the OSC crystal oscillator; the VO pin of the LCD1602 liquid crystal display module is connected to the right end and the middle node of the sliding rheostat Rg;

To avoid noise interference, the digital ground potential GND is connected to the analog ground potential AGND through the magnetic bead R5.

The digital ground potential GND is respectively connected to the negative pole of the 7.5V DC battery, pin 2 of the LM7805, capacitor C06, capacitor C07, resistor R3, key switches K1, K2, K3, pin 22 of the microcontroller ATmega128, pin 63 of the microcontroller ATmega128, Pin 2 of the crystal oscillator and all GND pins of the LCD module LCD1602.

The analog ground potential AGND is respectively connected to the strain resistance R12, the resistor R14, the pin 5 of the amplifier U11, the capacitor C01, the capacitor C02, the capacitor C03, the capacitor C04, the capacitor C05, the pin 4 of the reference voltage source U21, the capacitor C08, and the capacitor C09.

The power supply module is mainly composed of 7.5V battery, three-terminal voltage regulator integrated circuit LM7805, capacitor C06, and capacitor C07; the wind speed signal measurement module is mainly composed of strain resistance R11, strain resistance R12, resistance R13, resistance R14, preset balance resistance R _t and Composed of R _P ; the wind speed signal amplification module is mainly composed of amplifier U11, reference voltage source U21, potentiometer R21, capacitor C01, capacitor C02, capacitor C03, capacitor C04, capacitor C05; wind speed signal processing module consists of single-chip ATmega128, crystal oscillator, JTAG interface , LED1, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, inductor H1, capacitor C08, capacitor C09, key switches K1, K2, K3; the wind speed signal display module is composed of liquid crystal display LCD1602 and potentiometer Rg.

So, the capacitance value of capacitor C06 is 0.1μF; the capacitance value of capacitor C07 is 0.33μF; the resistance value of strain resistance R11 is 350Ω; the resistance value of strain resistance R12 is 350Ω; the resistance value of resistor R13 is 350Ω; The value is 350Ω; the preset balance resistance R _P is 10KΩ; the preset balance resistance R _t is 10KΩ; the potentiometer R21 should be adjusted according to the needs; the capacitance value of capacitor C01 is 0.1μF; The capacitance value of C03 is 10μF; the capacitance value of capacitor C04 is 0.1μF; the capacitance value of capacitor C05 is 0.1μF; the resistance value of resistor R3 is 1KΩ; the resistance value of resistor R4 is 4.7KΩ; the capacitance value of capacitor C08 is 100pF; The capacitance value of capacitor C09 is 100pF; the value of inductor H1 is 10μH.

Among them, the reference voltage source ADR421 can convert the 5V supply voltage to 2.5V output. In the wind speed signal processing module part, it is connected to the REF pin of the amplifier AD8221, which can ensure that the amplified output voltage value is positive. Capacitor C03 and capacitor C04 are input capacitors, which can improve the transient response of the circuit and reduce power supply noise. Capacitor C05 is an output capacitor, which is used to filter out any low-level noise voltage and ensure the normal operation of the circuit. The amplified output voltage value is connected to the ADC0 port (pin 61) of the ATmega128 microcontroller, because the ATmega128 microcontroller comes with an A/D converter, so it can directly convert the input analog voltage signal into a digital signal that can be recognized by itself , A/D conversion adopts ten-bit sequential comparison A/D conversion, converts the input analog voltage into a 10-bit digital quantity, and inputs the conversion result into the memory RAM of the microcontroller for storage, when the stored digital signal When the number reaches the predetermined threshold, the microcontroller will clear the signal in the memory and start storing new data. Among them, the reference voltage source (VREF) of the ADC reflects the conversion range of the ADC. VREF can be AVCC (pin 64), the internal 2.56V reference or the voltage externally connected to the AREF pin (pin 62) (choose here AVCC), AVCC is connected to the ADC through a passive switch, and the reference voltage is decoupled by adding a capacitor to the AREF pin for better noise suppression. The OSC crystal oscillator is the external crystal oscillator of the single-chip microcomputer. In this embodiment, the selected crystal oscillator frequency is 11.0592MHZ. It combines the internal circuit of the single-chip microcomputer to generate the necessary clock frequency of the single-chip microcomputer. The JTAG interface is the emulator interface for the single-chip download, through which the program can be written into the single-chip. Finally, the signal processed by the single-chip microcomputer is input into the LCD1602 liquid crystal display module in the form of ASCII code for display. Since the power supply voltage of all components of the device is 5V, in the figure, the three-terminal voltage regulator integrated circuit LM7805 The 7.4V DC power supply can be converted by adding two capacitors whose capacitance values are 0.10μF and 0.33μF respectively. In addition, the LED indicator is connected with the input and output ports 48 of the single-chip microcomputer to judge whether the single-chip microcomputer is working normally.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited thereto, and any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of All changes or replacements should fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (4)

1. A portable wind speed measurement device, characterized in that, said device comprises a wind speed signal measurement module, a wind speed signal amplification module, a wind speed signal processing module and a wind speed signal display module; said wind speed signal processing module comprises a single-chip microcomputer and an A/D conversion device; Wherein, the wind speed signal measurement module, the wind speed signal amplification module, the A/D converter, the single-chip microcomputer and the wind speed signal display module are connected in sequence; The wind speed signal measurement module is placed in the flowing air; the wind speed signal measurement module includes a wind speed sensor, a wind direction axis and a wind vane; the wind speed sensor includes a resistance strain gauge and an elastic element; the wind speed sensor is connected to the wind direction axis and the wind vane connected as a whole; the wind vane and the wind direction axis are fixed by fastening screws. the 2. A portable wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the wind speed signal display module includes a display screen. the 3. A kind of portable wind speed measurement device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described device also comprises base, box body and key switch; Described wind speed signal amplification module, wind speed signal display module, single-chip microcomputer and A/D The converter is installed inside the box body; the key switch and display screen are installed at the front end of the box body; the base is installed at the top of the box body and connected with the lower end of the wind direction shaft. the 4. A kind of portable wind speed measurement device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wind vane is detachable type wind vane; Described wind vane comprises counterweight, screw thread, screw hole and empennage; Described wind vane is connected with screw hole The wind direction axis is connected, and the counterweight adopts threaded type, which is connected with the empennage through threads. the

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