CN202899056U - Expressway speed reduction marking line - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an expressway speed reduction marking line which solves the problem that an alarming effect of an existing expressway speed reduction marking line and a speed reduction effect are poor. The expressway speed reduction marking line comprises multiple <-shaped marking lines. A convex angle of each <-shaped marking line faces the opposite direction with a driving direction of an expressway. Meanwhile, the top point of the convex angle each <-shaped marking line is arranged on the center line of a driving lane of a speed reduction segment of the expressway. Degrees of the convex angles of <-shaped marking lines become gradually smaller along the driving direction of the expressway, but distances between every two adjacent <-shaped marking lines become gradually larger. When a car runs on the expressway with the marking lines, the driver of the car has an illusion that the width of the expressway becomes gradually narrower and the speed of the car becomes gradually higher so that the driver is stimulated to reduce the speed.

Description

A highway deceleration marking

technical field

The utility model relates to an expressway deceleration marking, in particular to an expressway deceleration marking based on the effect of psychological illusion. deceleration section.

Background technique

With the deepening of my country's traffic construction and the continuous increase of car ownership, road traffic accidents have risen sharply, among which speeding is the most important reason for the large number and severity of traffic accidents. Therefore, forcing driving vehicles to slow down is of great significance to reduce the rate of traffic accidents and improve traffic safety.

At present, the widely used deceleration measure is to set deceleration markings, which mainly include horizontal deceleration markings and longitudinal deceleration markings (the driving direction perpendicular to the expressway is horizontal).

The transverse deceleration markings mainly adopt ordinary thermoplastic vibration markings (white dotted lines), which are in the form of single dotted lines, double dotted lines and triple dotted lines, perpendicular to the driving direction, set continuously at a certain interval, and have a certain raised height; The longitudinal deceleration markings on the roadway are a group of diamond-shaped dotted lines parallel to the boundary line of the roadway, parallel to the driving direction, set continuously at a certain interval, and have a certain raised height. When the vehicle passes the deceleration marking, it will produce an appropriate degree of mechanical vibration, which will affect the driving comfort, safety and stability, thereby forcing the driver to slow down; this kind of deceleration marking has almost no effect on large vehicles, and only affects the driver. A certain vibration warning effect is not enough to force large vehicles to reduce speed. This deceleration measure has a certain effect in the initial period, but over time, the driver will have a certain "immunity" to it, thus losing its true meaning and even having a negative effect.

The existing deceleration markings often lack consideration of their actual deceleration effect, and the speed control effect is poor, which makes it difficult for the deceleration markings set on the expressway to achieve the purpose of management control and ensuring safety; moreover, this kind of marking has high engineering cost. , Driving noise is loud. Therefore, this deceleration measure is not suitable for use on the expressway deceleration section that needs to strictly control the speed of a vehicle and highly guarantee driving safety.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a highway deceleration marking with good warning and speed control effects, so as to effectively reduce the speeding phenomenon on the highway, avoid traffic accidents such as rear-end collisions on the highway, and alleviate the severe traffic safety in our country. situation.

且沿高速公路的行车方向，相邻"＜"形标线的间距从0.5m开始递增，且增幅为0.5m。In order to achieve the above object, the expressway deceleration markings provided by the utility model include: m strips of 3mm thick "<" shaped markings drawn in the expressway lane, and the convex angle of each "<" shaped marking The orientation is opposite to the driving direction of the expressway, and at the same time, the vertex of the convex angle of each "<"-shaped marking line is located on the center line of the driving lane of the deceleration section of the expressway; along the driving direction of the expressway, the convex angle of the "<"-shaped marking line The angle value of the angle gradually decreases within the range of 180°～20°, and the decrease is ω,

And along the driving direction of the expressway, the distance between adjacent "<" shaped markings starts to increase from 0.5m, and the increment is 0.5m.

The line width of the "<" shaped marking line is 30cm.

The "<" shaped marking line is a square point pattern.

Compared with the prior art, the deceleration marking of the utility model has the following technical characteristics:

(1) The speed control effect is good, which greatly reduces the accident rate of the deceleration section;

(2) Driving is safe, comfortable and stable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the psychological illusion principle of the utility model.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 2, according to the principles of neurophysiology and psychology, when lines with different spans are added between two parallel lines and projected onto the retina, there is a phenomenon of lateral inhibition when visual information is generated due to the excitation of nerve cells on the retina (ie There is a mutual inhibition phenomenon between adjacent sensory cells), the activity of the visual cells stimulated by the outline is changed, so that the center of nerve excitation is relatively displaced, which in turn causes the illusion of geometric shapes, resulting in the narrowing of both ends psychological illusion.

The utility model realizes based on above-mentioned principle. When the vehicle enters the deceleration section, the marking span in the driver's field of vision becomes larger and larger, and the stimulation becomes stronger and stronger. The vibration effect can affect the driving comfort and play a certain warning role. In order to ensure the driving comfort and safety, the driver will actively reduce the speed of the vehicle, so as to achieve the purpose of speed control.

且沿高速公路的行车方向，相邻"＜"形标线的间距d_j从0.5m开始递增，且增幅为0.5m。各"＜"形标线的线宽为30cm，j＝1,2,…,m-1；其中各"＜"形标线的式样可为方形点状式样，凸起高度即在地面上的施划厚度为3mm。With reference to Fig. 1, expressway deceleration marking line of the present utility model comprises: m bar 3mm thick "<" shaped marking line that draws in the traffic lane of expressway decelerating section with paint, and the convexity of each "<" shaped marking line The orientation of the angle is opposite to the driving direction of the expressway, and the vertex of the convex angle θ _i of each "<"-shaped marking line is located on the center line of the driving lane of the deceleration section of the expressway; along the driving direction of the expressway, the "<"-shaped marking line The angle value θ _i of the salient angle of the marking line gradually decreases in the range of 180° to 20°, and the decrease is ω,

And along the driving direction of the expressway, the distance d _j between adjacent "<"-shaped markings starts to increase from 0.5m, and the increment is 0.5m. The line width of each "<"-shaped marking line is 30cm, j=1,2,...,m-1; the style of each "<"-shaped marking line can be a square dot style, and the raised height is the height above the ground. The thickness of the application is 3mm.

It should be noted that "the distance d _j between adjacent "<"-shaped markings" is the distance between adjacent "<"-shaped markings along the driving direction of the expressway; the lengths of the two sides of the "<"-shaped markings are equal (straight sections) or roughly equal (curves). The above deceleration markings are set according to the following method:

Step 1, determining the length L of the expressway deceleration section and the lane width W of the deceleration section;

Step 2, determine the number m of deceleration markings;

m=1+maxn

In the formula: m——number of deceleration marking lines;

S——the length of the road section spanned by the first m-1 marking lines;

n——the maximum value that makes the constraint condition s.t. established;

Δ ₀ ——the distance between the first and second marking lines, 0.5m;

Δ ₀ ——Increase of distance between two adjacent marking lines, take 0.5m;

W——lane width of deceleration section;

L - the length of the deceleration section;

l——the length of the m-th marking line along the driving direction;

N ⁺ - a positive integer.

Among them, along the driving direction are the first marking line, the second marking line, ... until the mth marking line.

What needs to be analyzed is:

The guiding effect of the deceleration marking line of the utility model to the driver is to make the driver produce the psychological illusion that the road surface width is getting narrower and the vehicle speed is getting higher and higher, which is a gradual process. Therefore, the reticle spacing should also be a gradual process. In order to determine the best marking distance, the utility modeler conducted a driving simulation test on the increase of 0-1.0m. Through a large number of tests and investigations and analysis, it was found that when the marking distance increase is 0.5m, the guidance to the driver is the most smooth. best effect.

Step 3, determine the angle value of the salient angle of each "<"-shaped marking line θ _i :

θ _i =180°-(i-1)ω

In the formula: ω——the reduction of the salient angle value of the "<"-shaped marking line,

What needs to be analyzed is:

The first "<"-shaped marking line has a "|" shape when the angle value of the convex angle is 180°, which is similar to a stop line and has a warning effect on the driver; and when the angle of the convex angle of the "<"-shaped marking line When the value is 20°, the length of the marking line across the road section has reached 10m, and this length value has exceeded the driver's sight range, so the convex angle of the mth marking line in the present invention is limited to 20°.

The guiding effect of the deceleration marking line of the utility model to the driver is to make the driver have the psychological illusion that the road surface width is getting narrower and the vehicle speed is getting higher and higher, which is a gradual process. Therefore, the angle value of the salient angle of the "<"-shaped marking is also a process of gradual decrease, and the law of decrease is related to the number m of deceleration markings.

Step 4, draw the marking line according to the parameters determined in the above steps.

What needs to be analyzed is:

The width of the marking line and the pattern of the protrusions should provide appropriate vibration and sound prompts to the driver to achieve the purpose of prompting to slow down, while at the same time not exceeding the allowable vibration frequency of the car and not affecting the normal operation of the car. Starting from the vibration frequency of the car itself, the inventor conducted a real vehicle test on the marking line width of 10cm-50cm. Through a large number of tests and monitoring, it was found that when the width of the marking line is 20cm-30cm, it is most suitable for the vibration deceleration marking line on the car. The vibration rhythm and the driver's deceleration prompt request. The raised pattern of the marking line includes square dots and long strips; square dots have a good deceleration effect, and long strips have a good vibration effect, both are acceptable. In order to ensure the deceleration effect and driving comfort, it is best to use square dots style. When the raised height of the marking line is 3mm, the shock feeling is moderate, which does not affect the driving comfort and safety.

During concrete implementation, according to the technical scheme of the utility model and in conjunction with concrete expressway actual situation, carry out scheme overall design and draw relevant construction drawing, refer to " technical specification for construction of highway traffic safety facilities " (JTC171-2006) during concrete construction.

The deceleration markings of the present utility model can be set separately only on small vehicle lanes or large vehicle lanes for the deceleration section of L≤200m, and can also be set on all traffic lanes at the same time; for the deceleration section of L>200m, the focus is on large Car driveway set.

Example:

Xi'an City Ring Expressway, 80 kilometers in length, is fully enclosed and fully interchanged. It is designed according to the two-way six-lane standard, and the design speed of the entire line is 120 kilometers per hour. It is the main hub of the modern highway network in Shaanxi Province. The Xi'an City Ring Expressway is divided into two sections, the south and the north. Among them, the northern section of the city belt is 34 kilometers long. It starts from Fangjiacun Interchange and ends at Maoerliu Interchange. Drive in strict lanes.

Among them, section K29+300M～K29+800M has frequent traffic accidents due to the large traffic volume, many heavy-axle vehicles, good alignment and high speed. Through the statistical analysis of a large number of accidents, it is found that the main cause of the accident is speeding. Although the speed limit warning sign and the deceleration vibration marking belt were installed in this section, the effect was minimal, and overspeed caused frequent accidents.

In September 2011, through investigation and research on the site, the deceleration road section should be set at K29+150M～K29+300M upstream of the accident-prone section, with a length of 150m and a width of the carriageway of 3.75m.

According to the technical scheme of the utility model, deceleration markings are set for the deceleration road section:

Step 1, determine the length of the deceleration road section L=150m, the lane width W=3.75m;

Step 2, determine the number of deceleration markings m=24;

Step 3, determine the angle value of the salient angle of each "<"-shaped marking line θ _i :

θ _i =180°-(i-1)7°i=1,2,...,24

Step 4, marking lines; 24 "<" shaped marking lines, the orientation of the convex angle of each "<" shaped marking line is opposite to the driving direction of the expressway, and at the same time, the convex angle of each "<" shaped marking line The vertex of is located on the center line of the expressway pavement; along the driving direction of the expressway, the angle values of the salient angles of the "<"-shaped markings are respectively _θi ; and along the driving direction of the expressway, the adjacent "<"-shaped markings The line spacing starts from 0.5m, and the increase is 0.5m; the line width of the "<" shaped marking line is 30cm; the "<" shaped marking line is a square dot style, and the raised height is 3mm.

In September 2012, statistics were made on the traffic accidents of the test road section since one year, and a comparative analysis was carried out with that before the implementation. The results showed that after the implementation, the speeding phenomenon of this road section was greatly reduced, and the traffic accident rate of the accident-prone road section decreased by 25.8% compared with the same period of the same period. It can be seen that using the method and technology of the present invention can achieve good speed control effect and effectively reduce the traffic accident rate.

Claims (3)

1. An expressway deceleration marking, characterized in that it includes: m strips of 3mm thick "<" shaped markings (2) drawn in the expressway deceleration section driving lane (1), and each "< The direction of the convex angle of the "-shaped marking line (2) is opposite to the driving direction of the expressway, and at the same time, the apex of the convex angle of each "<"-shaped marking line (2) is located on the center line of the driving lane (1) of the deceleration section of the expressway Above; along the driving direction of the expressway, the angle value of the convex angle of the "<"-shaped marking line gradually decreases within the range of 180° to 20°, and the decrease is ω,

And along the driving direction of the expressway, the distance between adjacent "<"-shaped markings (2) starts to increase from 0.5m, and the increment is 0.5m. 2. The expressway deceleration marking according to claim 1, characterized in that the line width of the "<"-shaped marking (2) is 30cm. 3. The expressway deceleration marking according to claim 1, characterized in that, the "<"-shaped marking (2) is in the shape of square dots.

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