CN202869028U - Power driving and separation heat pipe split type panel solar water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a split-type flat panel solar water heater driven by power and separated heat pipes, comprising: an outdoor heat collector and an indoor hot water storage tank, the outdoor heat collector includes an evaporator, and the indoor hot water storage tank includes a condenser, an evaporator and an indoor hot water storage tank. The condensers are connected to each other through the gas conduit and the liquid conduit. The liquid conduit is equipped with a liquid reservoir, a liquid delivery pump, a control valve and a liquid seal device. The gas conduit of the steam outlet on the evaporator is equipped with a vapor-liquid separator. The liquid separator is connected to the evaporator through the liquid return pipe. Through the above method, the utility model can solve the problem of low working efficiency at low temperature and high temperature of the solar water heater system without phase conversion heat, and solve the problem of antifreezing of the heat collecting plate at an ambient temperature below 0°C. The problem and the problem that the installation position of the hot water storage tank in the gravity separation heat pipe solar water heater must be higher than the outdoor collector.

Description

Power drive separated heat pipe split flat plate solar water heater

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of solar water heaters, in particular to a split-type plate solar water heater driven by power and separating heat pipes.

Background technique

The specific technical route for the urban application of solar water heaters is to install solar collector panels on the south-facing facades of buildings (such as balconies, walls, sunshades, etc.), install the hot water storage tanks indoors, and install the solar collector panels and hot water storage The heat collection circulation pipeline is arranged between the tanks.

The installation of solar thermal collectors on the facade of the building must be perfectly integrated with the building, that is, to meet the needs of building integration. Among the many heat collector plates, the flat plate heat collector stands out for its unique advantages - large lighting area, high overall strength, pressure-bearing operation, corrosion resistance and beautiful appearance. But the existing flat solar heat collector also affects the promotion of urban solar water heaters because of its inherent defects, and these defects include:

1. Low efficiency in low temperature environment and low efficiency in high temperature working area;

2. The antifreeze problem of the collector plate when the ambient temperature is below 0°C. Antifreeze is the most important problem to be solved for solar flat heat collectors. The best way to solve the antifreeze problem in the prior art is to use antifreeze as the heating carrier, but the antifreeze will crack and fail after being exposed to high temperature in summer, so the antifreeze must be It needs to be replaced once a year (up to 2-3 years) to fully ensure the normal operation of the system;

3. For solar water heaters using gravity separation heat pipe technology, the installation height of the solar collector plate must be lower than the height of the indoor water tank; at the same time, the closer the collector plate and the water tank must be installed, the better. Since the actual water tank is always expected to be installed in the kitchen and bathroom on the north side of the building, the pipeline between the collector plate and the water tank is relatively long, and the pipeline is tortuous, which greatly reduces the heat loss of the gravity-separated heat pipe solar water heater. Transmission efficiency, even make it not work properly.

Utility model content

The main technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a split-type flat solar water heater driven by power, which uses separated heat pipe technology, adopts flooded evaporation technology, design of solar tube-wing evaporator and uses suitable working medium, can Solve the problem of low working efficiency at low temperature and high temperature of the solar water heater system without phase conversion heat, and solve the problem of antifreezing of the heat collector plate at an ambient temperature below 0 °C.

In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is to provide a split-type flat panel solar water heater driven by power, which includes: an outdoor heat collector and an indoor hot water storage tank, and the outdoor heat collector includes an evaporation The indoor hot water storage tank includes a condenser, the evaporator and the condenser are connected to each other, the liquid conduit is connected to a liquid delivery pump, and the gas conduit of the steam outlet on the evaporator is provided with a vapor-liquid separator , the vapor-liquid separator is connected to the evaporator through a liquid return pipe.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas phase part of the evaporator is connected to the gas phase part of the condenser through a gas conduit, and the liquid phase part of the evaporator is connected to the liquid phase part of the condenser through a liquid conduit.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the evaporator includes a heat-absorbing plate core and an evaporating section that is integrally formed with the heat-absorbing plate core and separates the heat pipe, the condenser includes a condensation section that separates the heat pipe, and the evaporator It is a tube fin flooded evaporator.

In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the liquid conduit is also connected with a liquid reservoir, a control valve and a liquid sealing device, the liquid reservoir is connected to the outlet of the indoor hot water storage tank, and the control valve It is arranged in the middle of the liquid conduit, the liquid sealing device is arranged at the junction of the liquid conduit and the evaporator, and the liquid delivery pump is connected below the liquid reservoir.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the evaporator includes a heat-absorbing plate core, a frame, a back plate and a transparent cover plate, the upper surface of the heat-absorbing plate core is provided with a transparent cover plate, and the heat-absorbing plate core A back plate is arranged on the back, and frames are arranged around the evaporator.

In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a thermal insulation layer is provided between the heat-absorbing plate core, the back plate and the frame of the evaporator.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat-absorbing plate core is provided with evaporative heat exchange tubes and heat-absorbing fins, and the evaporative heat-exchange tubes and heat-absorbing fins are formed integrally.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple evaporating heat exchange tubes and heat-absorbing fins are provided, and the multiple heat-absorbing fins are connected to each other to form a whole plate. The upper and lower ends of the heat pipe are respectively connected by a gas collecting pipe and a liquid separating pipe.

In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the liquid delivery pump is a power-driven liquid delivery pump.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The use of separated heat pipe technology, the use of flooded evaporation technology, the design of the solar tube fin evaporator and the use of suitable working fluids can solve the problem of low working efficiency at low temperature and high temperature of the solar water heater system without phase conversion heat, And to solve the problem of antifreeze of the heat collecting plate under the ambient temperature of 0 ℃;

2. The setting of the liquid reservoir, control valve, liquid seal device, vapor-liquid separator, etc., and the positive pressure working mode of the separated heat pipe realize the feasibility and operability of the application of the separated heat pipe technology in the split solar water heater , thus solving the problem that ordinary separated heat pipe technology cannot be well applied in solar water heaters;

3. The use of power-driven liquid conveying equipment gets rid of the limitation that the gravity-separated heat pipe must rely on gravity liquid supply, so that the installation location of the hot water storage tank and the outdoor solar collector plate can be chosen arbitrarily, which greatly expands the split solar water heater Applications;

4. The power supply of the liquid conveying equipment comes from solar energy, which makes the utility model more energy-saving and more reasonable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the utility model power-driven separated heat pipe split-type flat panel solar water heater;

Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the outdoor solar heat collector in the utility model power-driven separated heat pipe split type flat panel solar water heater;

The marks of the components in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. Air duct, 2. Hot water storage tank, 3. Condenser, 4. Controller, 5. Liquid reservoir, 6. Liquid delivery pump, 7. Control valve, 8. Liquid conduit, 9. Liquid sealing device, 10. Liquid distribution pipe, 11. Outdoor heat collector, 12. Evaporator, 13. Heat-absorbing plate core, 14. Evaporating heat exchange tube, 15. Gas collecting pipe, 16. Vapor-liquid Separator, 17, liquid return pipe, 21, frame, 22, heat absorbing fin, 23, thermal insulation layer, 24, back plate, 25, transparent cover plate.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and characteristics of the utility model can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, so that the protection scope of the utility model can be defined more clearly .

Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, the utility model embodiment comprises:

A power driven separated heat pipe split type flat panel solar water heater, the outdoor heat collector 11 is installed outdoors with sufficient sunlight, and the hot water storage tank 2 is installed indoors where it is convenient to operate or use hot water. The relative position of the outdoor heat collector 11 and the indoor hot water storage tank 2 is not limited.

Wherein, the outdoor heat collector 11 includes an evaporator 12 , and the indoor hot water storage tank 2 includes a condenser 3 , and the evaporator 12 and the condenser 3 are connected to each other through an air conduit 1 and a liquid conduit 8 .

The liquid conduit 8 is provided with a liquid reservoir 5, a liquid delivery pump 6, a control valve 7 and a liquid sealing device 9, and the gas conduit 1 of the steam outlet on the evaporator 12 is provided with a vapor-liquid separator 16. The vapor-liquid separator 16 is connected to the evaporator 12 through a liquid return pipe 17 .

The evaporator 12 includes a heat absorbing plate core 13 and an evaporating section that is integrally formed with the heat absorbing plate core 13 and is separated from the heat pipe, and the condenser 3 includes a condensing section that is separated from the heat pipe. The working medium in the separation heat pipe adopts refrigerant R134a, R22, etc., and the evaporator 12 is a tube fin flooded evaporator.

The utility model adopts the separation heat pipe technology, solves the problem of low working efficiency of the solar water heater system without phase conversion heat at low temperature and high temperature, and solves the problem of antifreezing of the heat collecting plate core at an ambient temperature below 0°C.

After the heat-absorbing plate core 13 of the tube-fin evaporator absorbs solar energy and converts it into heat, it transfers the heat to the refrigerant working medium in the evaporator 12, and the working medium absorbs heat and evaporates, changing from a liquid state to a gaseous state; the gaseous refrigerant working medium passes through The gas pipe flows to the condenser 3, where it releases heat and condenses into a liquid state, and at the same time transfers the heat to the hot water; the liquid refrigerant flows back to the evaporator 12 through the liquid pipe to enter the next cycle. Since the separated heat pipe uses phase-change heat, the heat transfer power of the separated heat pipe is twice that of the ordinary heat pipe, and twenty times that of convective heat transfer, which makes its heat transfer efficiency lower than that of non-phase-change solar heat transfer. The water system has been greatly improved, thereby solving the problem of low working efficiency of the solar water heater system without phase-change heat.

Since the separation heat pipe uses refrigerants such as R134a and R22 as working fluids, it can be known from the thermal properties of these working fluids (the freezing point temperature of R134a is -40°C, and the freezing point temperature of R22 is -50°C), the system completely solves the problem of ambient temperature. The antifreeze problem of the heat collecting plate below 0 ℃.

The utility model adopts the flooded evaporation technology, and the system is equipped with a liquid storage device 5, a vapor-liquid separator 16, a control valve 7, a liquid sealing device 9, etc., and adopts a positive pressure working mode to ensure the effective operation of the separated heat pipe solar water heater. Stable operation, thereby solving the problem that the common separated heat pipe technology cannot be well applied in solar water heaters.

The full-liquid evaporation technology is adopted to make the evaporation uniform and sufficient, and the surface temperature of the entire heat collecting plate core is uniform, which greatly reduces the surface heat migration loss. The flooded evaporation technology greatly improves the evaporation efficiency of the evaporator 12 compared with the separated heat pipe with a smaller charge, and becomes the fundamental guarantee for the application of the separated heat pipe in solar water heaters.

The liquid reservoir 5 is arranged on the liquid conduit 8, which solves two problems that the separated heat pipe system can operate normally: one, because the amount of flushing liquid in the separated heat pipe is large, and the working temperature range span of the solar water heater is large, the liquid reservoir 5 The setting ensures the expansion space of the liquid as the temperature rises; 2. The storage of the liquid working medium when the system needs to stop running.

Specifically, the liquid reservoir 5 is a key device that enables the system to work normally. On the one hand, it guarantees the space for volume expansion under the operation of a large temperature zone (because the evaporator adopts the form of full liquid, when the working temperature rises When the specific volume of the working medium increases, the effective condensation area of the condenser will decrease, thereby deteriorating the condensation process and greatly reducing the working efficiency of the system. The use of the liquid receiver 5 avoids the influence of the specific volume change of the working medium, thereby ensure that the system is always in a high-efficiency operating state); on the other hand, the setting of the liquid reservoir 5 also ensures the storage of the working medium when the system actively stops working. made into one form.

A gas-liquid separator 16 is arranged on the gas conduit 1 to avoid mixed transport of gas and liquid in the gas conduit 1 and improve heat exchange efficiency. The vapor-liquid separator 16 can also be integrated with the evaporator 12. The vapor-liquid separator 16 is not required to be configured. When the full liquid degree of the evaporator 12 is controlled so that the outlet steam has a certain degree of superheat, the vapor-liquid separator 16 can be omitted. Liquid separator 16.

The control valve 7 is set on the liquid conduit 8 to realize the control and protection of the operation of the separated heat pipe. On the one hand, according to the requirements of parameters such as temperature, the operation of the separated heat pipe can be cut off by closing the control valve 7, thereby realizing temperature control and maximum work. Pressure protection; on the other hand, according to the state of the working medium at the outlet of the evaporator 12, the flow of the working medium is controlled through the control valve 7 to adapt to the change of the solar load.

A liquid sealing device 9 is arranged on the liquid conduit 8 of the evaporator 12, and can also be integrated with the evaporator 12 to ensure that the working medium of the separated heat pipe flows in a prescribed direction.

The working mode of positive pressure is adopted (the working medium is R134a, R22 and other conventional refrigerants), so that the separated heat pipe system of the water heater is within the working temperature range, avoiding the too strict requirements on the airtightness of the system caused by the vacuum operation of the conventional separated heat pipe, and making the system The processing is convenient and easy, and the production and operation problems caused by the vacuum system are avoided.

The use of power-driven liquid delivery equipment solves the limitation that the conventional gravity-separated heat pipe must have the condenser 3 higher than the evaporator 12, and the connecting pipeline should be as short as possible. Since the delivery of liquid is no longer limited by gravity, thus The application of the separated heat pipe on the solar water heater is greatly expanded, and the applicable occasions of the split solar water heater are also greatly expanded.

Power-driven liquid conveying equipment refers to various liquid conveying devices including pumps. Preferably, the liquid delivery pump 6 is a power-driven liquid delivery pump.

The power source of liquid conveying equipment can be industrial frequency power, or it can be directly converted by solar photovoltaic panels. When the power source of the liquid conveying equipment still comes from solar energy, this solar water heater will not need any external energy, and will be completely driven by solar energy to realize the circulation of separated heat pipes and realize the use of solar energy to heat the water in the water tank. In addition, the power source of the power-driven liquid delivery device may also be in other forms, such as mechanical energy and the like.

In the utility model, the evaporator 12 includes a heat-absorbing plate core 13, a frame 21, a back plate 24 and a transparent cover plate 25, the upper surface of the heat-absorbing plate core 13 is provided with a transparent cover plate 25, and the heat-absorbing plate core A back plate 24 is provided on the back of the evaporator 13 , and a frame 21 is provided around the evaporator 12 .

The heat-absorbing plate core 13 is provided with an evaporating heat-exchanging tube 14 and a heat-absorbing fin 22 , and a thermal insulation layer 23 is provided between the heat-absorbing plate core 13 of the evaporator 12 , the back plate 24 and the frame 21 , They use polyurethane overall foaming, which eliminates thermal bridges, reduces heat loss, and greatly improves the heat collection efficiency of the collector.

The surface of the heat-absorbing fins 22 adopts magnetron sputtering titanium oxynitride or electroplating black chromium solar selective absorption coating, the heat absorption rate reaches 95%±2%, the emissivity is lower than 8%, and the performance is stable. The transparent cover plate 25 is made of low-iron, textured, tempered glass, high light transmittance and textured diffuse reflection to form a greenhouse effect between the heat-absorbing plate core and the glass cavity, and tempered to make the strength higher and not easy to damage.

The evaporating heat exchange tube 14 and the heat absorbing fin 22 are integrally formed, and the evaporating heat exchange tube 14 and the heat absorbing fin 22 are provided with a plurality, and the plurality of heat absorbing fins 22 are connected to each other to form a For the whole plate, the upper and lower ends of the plurality of evaporation heat exchange tubes 14 are respectively connected by the gas collecting tube 15 and the liquid separating tube 10 .

A liquid seal device 9 is arranged on the liquid distribution pipe, and the arrangement of the liquid seal device 9 ensures that the working medium always flows in a predetermined direction.

The working principle of the utility model power-driven separated heat pipe split flat panel solar water heater is:

Sunlight shines on the heat-absorbing plate core 13 through the cover plate 25. At this time, the solar selective absorption coating on the heat-absorbing fin 22 absorbs solar radiation and converts it into heat energy, and at the same time transfers the heat to the working inside the evaporative heat exchange tube 14. Medium, so that it absorbs heat from a liquid to a gaseous state;

The heat released by the condensation of the gaseous working medium heats the cold water in the hot water storage tank, and the liquid working medium enters the liquid reservoir 5 under the action of gravity, and passes through the control valve 7 and the liquid conduit 8 under the action of the power-driven liquid delivery pump. , the liquid seal device 9 and the liquid pipe 10 enter the evaporation heat exchange tube 14 of the evaporator 11, and absorb the solar energy converted from the heat absorbing plate core 13 again to enter the next heat transfer cycle.

The beneficial effects of the utility model power-driven separated heat pipe split flat panel solar water heater are:

1. The use of separated heat pipe technology, the use of flooded evaporation technology, the design of the solar tube fin evaporator and the use of suitable working fluids can solve the problem of low working efficiency at low temperature and high temperature of the solar water heater system without phase conversion heat, And to solve the problem of antifreeze of the heat collecting plate under the ambient temperature of 0 ℃;

2. The setting of the liquid reservoir 5, the control valve 7, the liquid seal device 9, the vapor-liquid separator 16, etc., and the positive pressure working mode of the separated heat pipe realize the feasibility of the application of the separated heat pipe technology in the split solar water heater and operability, thus solving the problem that ordinary separated heat pipe technology cannot be well applied in solar water heaters;

3. The use of power-driven liquid delivery equipment gets rid of the limitation that the gravity separation heat pipe must rely on gravity liquid supply, so that the installation location of the hot water storage tank 2 and the outdoor solar collector can be chosen arbitrarily, which greatly expands the split solar energy Application of water heater;

4. The power supply of the liquid conveying equipment comes from solar energy, which makes the utility model more energy-saving and more reasonable.

The above is only an embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the utility model. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion made by using the utility model specification and accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other Related technical fields are all included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model in the same way.

Claims (9)

1. A power-driven separated heat pipe split-type flat-panel solar water heater, characterized in that it comprises: an outdoor heat collector and an indoor hot water storage tank, the outdoor heat collector includes an evaporator, and the indoor hot water storage tank includes a condenser The evaporator and the condenser are connected to each other through a gas conduit and a liquid conduit, the liquid conduit is connected to a liquid delivery pump, and a gas-liquid separator is arranged on the gas conduit of the steam outlet on the evaporator, and the vapor-liquid The separator is connected to the evaporator through the liquid return line. 2. The power-driven separated heat pipe split-type flat-panel solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein the gas phase part of the evaporator is connected to the gas phase part of the condenser through an air conduit, and the liquid phase part of the evaporator is connected through a liquid phase part. A conduit connects the liquid phase portion of the condenser. 3. The power-driven separated heat pipe split flat plate solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator comprises a heat absorbing plate core and an evaporation section of a separated heat pipe integrally formed with the heat absorbing plate core, and the condensing The evaporator includes a condensing section separated from heat pipes, and the evaporator is a fin-type flooded evaporator. 4. The power-driven separated heat pipe split-type flat-panel solar water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that, the liquid conduit is also connected with a liquid reservoir, a control valve and a liquid sealing device, and the liquid reservoir is connected to the indoor At the outlet of the hot water storage tank, the control valve is arranged in the middle of the liquid conduit, the liquid sealing device is arranged at the connection between the liquid conduit and the evaporator, and the liquid delivery pump is connected below the liquid reservoir. 5. The power-driven separated heat pipe split-type flat-panel solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator comprises a heat-absorbing plate core, a frame, a back plate and a transparent cover plate, and the upper part of the heat-absorbing plate core A transparent cover plate is arranged on the surface, a back plate is arranged on the back of the heat-absorbing plate core, and a frame is arranged around the evaporator. 6 . The power-driven separated heat pipe split-type flat-panel solar water heater according to claim 5 , wherein a thermal insulation layer is arranged between the heat-absorbing plate core, the back plate and the frame of the evaporator. 7. The power-driven separated heat pipe split-type flat-panel solar water heater according to claim 6, characterized in that, the heat-absorbing plate core is provided with evaporative heat-exchanging tubes and heat-absorbing fins, and the evaporating heat-exchanging tubes and heat-absorbing fins are Thermal fins are integrally formed. 8. The power-driven separated heat pipe split-type flat-panel solar water heater according to claim 7, characterized in that there are multiple evaporative heat exchange tubes and heat-absorbing fins, and between the multiple heat-absorbing fins The upper and lower ends of the plurality of evaporative heat exchange tubes are connected to each other through a gas collecting pipe and a liquid separating pipe respectively. 9. The power-driven separated heat pipe split-type flat-panel solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein the liquid delivery pump is a power-driven liquid delivery pump.

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