CN202798553U - Position sensor for brushless direct current motor - Google Patents
Position sensor for brushless direct current motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN202798553U CN202798553U CN2012204677794U CN201220467779U CN202798553U CN 202798553 U CN202798553 U CN 202798553U CN 2012204677794 U CN2012204677794 U CN 2012204677794U CN 201220467779 U CN201220467779 U CN 201220467779U CN 202798553 U CN202798553 U CN 202798553U
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a position sensor for a brushless direct current motor, which comprises a stator part and a rotator part arranged adjacent to each other, wherein the stator part is fixedly arranged inside the brushless direct current motor and comprises an excitation source, an excitation coil and M stator induction coils coaxially distributed, and M is number of phases in the stator; the rotator part comprises a rotator printed circuit board fixed with the rotating shaft of the brushless direct current motor, and a rotator induction coil is arranged on the rotator printed circuit board; the M stator induction coils and the rotator induction coil are coaxial and N convex fan blades are uniformly distributed along the circumferential directions of the stator induction coils and the rotator induction coil, N is number of pole-pairs of a permanent magnet rotator of the brushless direct current motor, the angle alpha of each convex fan blade is 180/N degrees, and an included angle beta among the M stator induction coils in the space along the circumferential direction is 360/(N.M) degrees.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of position transducer, relates in particular to a kind of position transducer for brshless DC motor, mainly solves the detection of motor rotor position, realizes the commutation of circuit for controlling motor.
Background technology
Along with the requirement of various industries to direct current machine life-span and efficiency improves constantly, the now application of brshless DC motor is also just more and more extensive, also the performance of brshless DC motor and cost has been proposed the requirement of more increasing simultaneously.The position transducer technology of brushless DC motor rotor is one of core technology in its whole technology chain.Adopt different position transducer technology also just to determine to a certain extent the performance of motor, the Brushless DC Motor Position sensor technology mainly contains following several now:
1. photoelectric sensor technology.Photoelectric sensor is comprised of the photoelectric coupling switch on the stator and epitrochanterian shadow shield with holes.Utilize infrarede emitting diode as light source, when light was got on the photoelectric coupling switch by the aperture of shadow shield, photoelectric coupling switch produced electric impulse signal, and controller utilizes this position signalling to realize commutation.Shortcoming is complex structure, and volume is large, and installation accuracy requires high.
2. Hall element technology.Hall element is installed on the stator feature locations, during permanent magnet on the rotor (or extra magnet ring of installing) process Hall element, Hall element output high-low level signal.Controller utilizes this signal to finish commutation.Shortcoming is that processing technology is complicated, and components and parts are frangible, and the product resistance to vibration is poor, and the temperature of environment for use is had certain restriction.
3. electromagnetic sensor technology.Form by the aluminum alloy round disc rotor that is inlaid with the high frequency permeability magnetic material with the stator of major-minor opening transformer.When the high frequency magnetic conduction district on the aluminium alloy disk forwards on the opening transformer, form closed transformer, under the main winding excitation, auxiliary winding produces induced electromotive force.Controller utilizes induced electromotive force to determine motor rotor position realization commutation.Shortcoming: manufacturing process is complicated, and installation difficulty is high, and volume and weight increases.
4. position-sensor-free technology.The back electromotive force that utilizes three-phase coil on the motor stator to produce when rotating is determined the position of motor.The startup stage because not rotation of motor, back-emf voltage is very low can't to be detected, thus generally adopt location, force start, synchronously, several steps of normal operation realize the work of motors.Shortcoming: start success rate and be subjected to impact that external loading changes very greatly, the starting current fluctuation is large, and is poor to stall or the rotation speed change adaptive capacity of moment, long from recovery time.
Therefore, demand a kind of position transducer that can overcome above-mentioned prior art defective urgently.
The utility model content
In order to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of mode by excitation, induction to detect the position transducer of motor rotor position.
To achieve these goals, first aspect of the present utility model provides a kind of position transducer for brshless DC motor, and it comprises contiguous and stationary part and rotor portion that establish, wherein,
Described stationary part is fixedly installed in the described brshless DC motor, and it comprises driving source, excitation coil and M the stator inductor coils that distributes with one heart, and M is the stator number of phases;
Described rotor portion, comprise with described brshless DC motor in the rotor printed circuit board (PCB) that fixes of rotating shaft, be provided with rotor inductor coils on it;
A described M stator inductor coils and described rotor inductor coils are coaxial, and each induction coil all along the circumferential direction is evenly distributed with N and protrudes flabellum, N is the permanent magnet rotor number of pole-pairs of described brshless DC motor, the angle [alpha] of each described protrusion flabellum is the 180/N degree, and a described M stator inductor coils each other in a circumferential direction spatial distribution angle β is 360/ (NM) degree.
Preferably, in the utility model, described stationary part is integrated in the controller printed circuit board (PCB) of described brshless DC motor.
Preferably, in the utility model, described excitation coil wraps up a described M stator inductor coils.
Preferably, in the utility model, described excitation coil is coaxial with a described M stator inductor coils.
Preferably, in the utility model, described M is that 3, N is 4.
Second aspect of the present utility model provides a kind of brshless DC motor, has foregoing position transducer, and wherein, described stationary part is integrated in the controller printed circuit board (PCB) of described brshless DC motor.
Based on above-mentioned setting, the utility model is equipped with induction coil at rotor, at stator excitation coil and and induction coil is housed.Excitation coil sends high-frequency excitation signal, epitrochanterian induction coil can be because the excitation that is subject to produces alternating current, alternating current on the induction coil produces alternating magnetic field, and this alternating magnetic field can encourage again the induction coil on the stator to produce the back-emf signal of alternation.Because rotor is on different positions, different for the intensity of the induction coil excitation of stator, the induced electromotive force amplitude that produces at induction coil so also is different.Thus, by comparing the induced electromotive force amplitude on the induction coil, just can determine the position of rotor.With the high-frequency induction electromotive force signal of alternation amplify, the mode of filtering, rectification, equalization obtains amplitude signal, obtains the three-phase amplitude information by comparator or AD signal sampling, obtain the position of rotor after, realize the commutation of motor
Thus, the utility model adopts electromagnetic induction principle, by excitation, and the position of the mode detection rotor of induction, it possesses following advantage: 1. reliability is high; 2. cost is low; 3. simple in structure; 4. easy for installation; 5. the life-span is long; 6. volume is little, and is lightweight; 7. do not affect the motor electric property.
Description of drawings
The rotor sensor structural representation partly that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model one preferred embodiment;
The sensor stator structural representation partly that Fig. 2 provides for the utility model one preferred embodiment;
The axial explosive view of the brshless DC motor that Fig. 3 provides for the utility model one preferred embodiment;
The general assembly drawing of the brshless DC motor that Fig. 4 provides for the utility model one preferred embodiment;
The schematic diagram of the brshless DC motor that Fig. 5 provides for the utility model one preferred embodiment;
Fig. 6 shows the process chart of induced electromotive force;
Fig. 7 shows the contrast figure of amplitude information in electrical degree reference axis and mechanical coordinate axle.
Embodiment
Further set forth the advantage that the utlity model has below with reference to specific embodiment and accompanying drawing.
The following preferred embodiment that discloses, all take permanent magnet rotor number of pole-pairs M as 4 pairs, stator number of phases N 3 is explained for example.
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 2 illustrates respectively rotor portion 10 and the stationary part 20 of the position transducer 100 that the utility model one preferred embodiment provides.
In this stationary part 20, excitation coil A is arranged on the outside of 3 stator inductor coils IS1-IS3 and concentric with them, and is connected with driving source 21.
See also Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the brshless DC motor 30 that another preferred embodiment of the utility model provides is shown respectively.As shown in Figure 3, be followed successively by from left to right controller printed circuit board (PCB) 31, the rotating shaft 32 that position transducer rotor portion 10 is installed, stator armature and winding 33, the rotor case 35 of permanent magnet rotor 34 is installed.Wherein, controller printed circuit board (PCB) 31 has a central through hole 36, and it allows rotating shaft 32 to pass wherein, and 20 of the stationary parts of position transducer center on this central through hole 36 and are laid on this controller printed circuit board (PCB) 31.Controller printed circuit board (PCB) 31 and rotor sensor part 10, namely rotor printed circuit board (PCB) 11 is adjacent and coaxial and establish.This is just so that 3 stator inductor coils IS1-IS3 in the stationary part 20 and rotor inductor coils IR1 are coaxial.
In this preferred embodiment, induction coil IR1, IS1, IS2, IS3 are the copper film wiring on the printed circuit board (PCB).
This shows that the sensor construction that the preferred embodiment provides is simple, volume is little, lightweight, be convenient to be installed in the middle of the existing brshless DC motor, and can the electric property of motor do not exerted an influence, and reliability is high.
Based on the setting of above-mentioned position transducer and brshless DC motor, introduce the working condition of the preferred embodiment below with reference to Fig. 5-7.Framework of the present utility model as shown in Figure 5, the excitation coil A of stationary part 20 sends the alternation excitation electromagnetic field that frequency is 4.3MHz (among the figure shown in the dotted arrow) in the position transducer.The rotor inductor coils IR1 that arranges on the rotor portion 10 rotor printed circuit board (PCB)s 11 is subject to the excitation of alternation excitation electromagnetic field, because self forms the loop, rotor inductor coils IR1 produces alternating current.Alternating current produces alternating magnetic field (among the figure shown in the dotted arrow) at rotor inductor coils IR1 salient position, this alternating magnetic field excitation 3 stator inductor coils IS1, IS2, IS3 produce induced electromotive force U1, U2, U3 as shown in Figure 2, the alternating magnetic field of boss is because spatially each is different with the relative position of stator inductor coils IS1, IS2, IS3, and then the amplitude of induced electromotive force U1, U2, U3 is in different size.Induced electromotive force U1, U2, U3 signal are obtained amplitude information V1, V2, V3(as shown in Figure 6 by amplification, rectification, equalization after processing).If with rotor 90-degree rotation (corresponding mechanical angle reference axis), so corresponding 360 degree electrical degrees (corresponding electrical degree reference axis), amplitude information V1, V2, the curve of V3 on electrical degree 360 degree are as shown in Figure 7.Size by contrast V1, V2, V3 just can find the feature electrical degrees such as 30 degree, 90 degree, 150 degree, 210 degree, 270 degree, 330 degree.Amplitude information V1, V2, V3 are passed to controller, and controller calculates the feature electrical degree, and controller just can rely on these feature electrical degrees motor is carried out commutation like this, and so motor just can rotate and start.
Should be noted that, embodiment of the present utility model has better implementation, and be not that the utility model is done any type of restriction, any person skilled in art of being familiar with may utilize the technology contents change of above-mentioned announcement or be modified to the effective embodiment that is equal to, in every case the content that does not break away from technical solutions of the utility model,, all still belong in the scope of technical solutions of the utility model any modification or equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does according to technical spirit of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. a position transducer that is used for brshless DC motor is characterized in that, comprises contiguous and stationary part and rotor portion that establish, wherein,
Described stationary part is fixedly installed in the described brshless DC motor, and it comprises driving source, excitation coil and M the stator inductor coils that distributes with one heart, and M is the stator number of phases;
Described rotor portion comprises the rotor printed circuit board (PCB), fixes with rotating shaft in the described brshless DC motor, is provided with rotor inductor coils on it;
A described M stator inductor coils and described rotor inductor coils are coaxial, and each induction coil all along the circumferential direction is evenly distributed with N and protrudes flabellum, N is the permanent magnet rotor number of pole-pairs of described brshless DC motor, the angle [alpha] of each described protrusion flabellum is the 180/N degree, and a described M stator inductor coils each other in a circumferential direction spatial distribution angle β is 360/ (NM) degree.
2. position transducer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described stationary part is integrated in the controller printed circuit board (PCB) of described brshless DC motor.
3. position transducer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described excitation coil wraps up a described M stator inductor coils.
4. position transducer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described excitation coil is coaxial with a described M stator inductor coils.
5. position transducer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described M is that 3, N is 4.
6. a brshless DC motor has such as each described position transducer among the claim 1-5, and wherein, described stationary part is integrated in the controller printed circuit board (PCB) of described brshless DC motor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012204677794U CN202798553U (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2012-09-13 | Position sensor for brushless direct current motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012204677794U CN202798553U (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2012-09-13 | Position sensor for brushless direct current motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202798553U true CN202798553U (en) | 2013-03-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2012204677794U Expired - Lifetime CN202798553U (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2012-09-13 | Position sensor for brushless direct current motor |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103684134A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-26 | 上海海拉电子有限公司 | Position sensor for brushless direct current motor |
| CN108571985A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-25 | 赛卓电子科技（上海）有限公司 | Induction rotary encoder |
| CN110518840A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-29 | 沈阳工业大学 | A kind of control system without position sensor and method of CAR-BLDCM |
| CN110542374A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-12-06 | 上海海拉电子有限公司 | Angle measuring sensor |
-
2012
- 2012-09-13 CN CN2012204677794U patent/CN202798553U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103684134A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-26 | 上海海拉电子有限公司 | Position sensor for brushless direct current motor |
| CN103684134B (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2016-03-30 | 上海海拉电子有限公司 | A kind of position transducer for brshless DC motor |
| CN108571985A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-25 | 赛卓电子科技（上海）有限公司 | Induction rotary encoder |
| CN110542374A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-12-06 | 上海海拉电子有限公司 | Angle measuring sensor |
| CN110542374B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2021-11-16 | 上海海拉电子有限公司 | Angle measuring sensor |
| CN110518840A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-29 | 沈阳工业大学 | A kind of control system without position sensor and method of CAR-BLDCM |
| CN110518840B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-06-11 | 沈阳工业大学 | Position-sensor-free control system and method of CAR-BLDCM |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20130313 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |