CN202731122U

CN202731122U - Roof farmland planting system

Info

Publication number: CN202731122U
Application number: CN2012204527759U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王玺金
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-09-07
Filing date: 2012-09-07
Publication date: 2013-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 2022-09-07

Abstract

The technology of the utility model belongs to the technical field of roof planting, and discloses a system for planting arable land on the roof. A roof cultivated land planting system includes: a roof and a covering layer on the roof and walls (12) arranged around the covering layer; it is characterized in that: the roof includes a structural layer (1), a slope layer (2 ), screed layer (3); covering layer from bottom to top is provided with thermal insulation board (4), waterproof layer (5), protective layer (6), hydrophobic layer (7), filter layer (8), soil layer (9), vegetation layer (10); drainage pipes (11) are arranged at the bottom of the hydrophobic layer (7), pass through the protective layer (6), waterproof layer (5), heat insulation board (4), and reach the leveling layer (2 )the top of. The roof cultivated land planting system of the utility model has relatively good waterproof, hydrophobic and drainage effects, is conducive to the healthy growth of crops, and is easy to promote cultivation in a large area, which can effectively alleviate the problem of continuous reduction of cultivated land occupied by buildings.

Description

Arable land, a kind of roof implant system

Technical field

The utility model technology relates to the technical field of roof plantation, relates in particular to arable land, a kind of roof implant system.

Background technology

The arable land is the basis that the mankind depend on for existence and development, severe situation in the face of the Chinese arable land wretched insufficiency, adopt various measures, the factor of prevent and avoid harm arable land and environment, stable and bring more land under cultivation, keep and improve the physical capacity in arable land, prevention and administer the environment pollution of ploughing, to guarantee that the soil is continued forever and rationally use the significant problem of stablizing the agriculture as the foundation of the economy status and promoting national economic development.Cultivated land protection is the strategic issue of overall importance that concerns China's economy and social sustainable development." extremely treasure and rationally utilize the soil, conscientiously protect farmland " is a fundamental state policy must adhering to for a long time.Therefore, China has carried out the strict control policy to the arable land.In the strict control in more than 20 years, plough to reduce and slowed down speed.

Yet the quickening along with socioeconomic development and urbanization process, commercial building in all parts of the country or the area of residenter house are all in continuous increase, the existing land area in city is inadequate, just constantly expand to surrounding city, take a large amount of arable lands and built the room, room, so that originally be exactly the China of populous nation, be faced with the baptism of ploughing and constantly reducing.How can protect farmland with a kind of new land use idea, or to open up the contradiction solution that new approach will build a house and protect farmland cleverly, be the road that we explore for a long time.

In recent years, city roof greening and vertical greening are one of important form of afforestation of city, are to improve urban ecological environment, enrich the effective way of afforestation of city view.For many years, roof greening and vertical greening are actively advocated under the playing an active part in vast social unit and the common people relevant departments, have obtained many successful examples, have become a large characteristic of afforestation of city.Roof greening this idea in city is introduced the roof Planting Crops, under the prerequisite that does not affect the building use, cultivate on the roof, then offset and ploughed because of the less area of building, thereby protected farmland, alleviated the contradiction that building occupies cultivated land.

The continuous research and innovation of technical field that relevant departments and unit plant on the roof, and carried out a series of experiment, however fail to be promoted application eventually.Trace it to its cause, rain, can't the discharging of excessive moisture when watering caused ponding and caused root system of plant to rot; Draining is obstructed, and the situation of roof generation seepage is more; Soil horizon is overweight, adds self the weight of crops, and the weight capacity on roof is tested; The position, roof is high, and air is dry, and the soil horizon that thickness limits arranged can not absorb underground water and than the easier arid of ground crops, Lock gate is not in place; The plantable crops in roof are subjected to condition restriction, but planting range is lower.

How to solve above problem and be can spread in the key point of roof plantation.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides arable land, the roof implant system of the hydrophobic draining of effective waterproof, to change the shortcoming of existing roof Planting Crops technology.

The technical solution of the utility model is that a kind of arable land, roof implant system with following structure is provided:

Arable land, a kind of roof implant system comprises: the body of wall 12 that arranges around the covering layer that roof and roof are provided with and the covering layer; It is characterized in that: the roof comprises by deck 1, sloping layer 2, leveling layer 3 and forming; Covering layer sets gradually thermal insulation thermal insulation board 4, waterproofing course 5, topping 6, drainage blanket 7, filtration beds 8, soil horizon 9, vegetable layer 10 from top to bottom; The bottom of drainage blanket 7 arranges gutter 11, through topping 6, waterproofing course 5, insulating board 4, and the top of sensible leveling layer.

Described deck 1 is built by steel concrete and is formed, and sloping layer 2 is to build certain gentle slope according to designed drainage direction, and leveling layer 3 is laid on the sloping layer, and sloping layer 2 and leveling layer 3 are by adding consisting of in conjunction with cement paste of glue.

Described thermal insulation thermal insulation board 4 is made of heat-barrier material.

Described waterproofing course 5 by 30 millimeters thick the APP polyester coiled material and anti-coiled material of 3 millimeters thick make.

Described topping 6 is made by the cement mortar of 1:3, and thickness is 30mm.

Described drainage blanket 7 is made by the plastic cement base plate of circular cone convex (or hollow cylindrical porous).

Described filtration beds 8 is made by the nonwoven of every square metre 250 gram～300 grams.

Described soil horizon 9 is made of normal soil, peat and chaff ash.

The upper surface of described soil horizon 9 is vegetable layer 10.

Arable land, a kind of roof of the present utility model implant system; when building the roof; at first in that deck 1 cleaning flushing is clean; then employing is added stirring in conjunction with cement paste of glue; control the planeness of topping well; guarantee the even thickness of sloping layer and leveling layer, more tectal each several part is placed filling successively and get final product.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

Arable land, a kind of roof of the present utility model implant system is built on the roof, lay on the deck 1 sloping layer 2 and leveling layer 3 as basic unit, be conducive to lay in the above surface layer, waterproof, isolation layer, insulation layer, carried out and laid tectal element task; The roof has been laid thermal insulation thermal insulation board 4 and can have been prevented that the roof is overheated and guaranteed that again plant has the temperature of suitable growth; Waterproofing course 5 adopts the APP waterproof roll to tackle the roof seepage, and effect is very good, can not only be corrosion-resistant, anti-aging, can also prevent the intrusion of plant root whisker; Drainage blanket 7 not only effectively waterproof but also bottom be provided with drain hole 11, open can with irrigate or the moisture that rainwater etc. is unnecessary in time discharged to the roof sewer pipe, having solved plant holds putrefactive problem because excess moisture can cause root; Filtration beds 8 adopts plastic floors, efficiently solves the problem that the fine particle of soil and nutritional labeling can flow away with moisture, has kept the good trophic structure of soil; Dispose a certain amount of peat and chaff ash in the soil horizon, effectively alleviated the weight of soil, and guaranteed the gas permeability of soil and the nutrient of soil, more be conducive to the growth of crops; Around the roof body of wall the high wind that effectively stopped eminence is set to the infringement of crops, reduced the evaporation of soil moisture.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of arable land, a kind of roof of the utility model implant system.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the plan view of arable land, a kind of roof of the utility model implant system.

As shown in the figure: 1, deck, 2, sloping layer, 3, leveling layer, 4, the thermal insulation separation thermosphere, 5, waterproofing course, 6, topping, 7, drainage blanket, 8, filtration beds, 9, soil horizon, 10, vegetable layer, 11, gutter, 12, body of wall, 13, building, 14, growing area.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described further.

Arable land, a kind of roof implant system comprises: deck 1, sloping layer 2, leveling layer 3, thermal insulation separation thermosphere 4, water proof lamp 5, topping 6, drainage blanket 7, filtration beds 8, soil horizon 9, vegetable layer 10, gutter 11, body of wall 12, building 13, growing area 14.The key of plantation roof system is to guarantee that the roof is water-tight and by enough weight capacities, so waterproof and the weighted design on plantation roof are particularly important.The top structure layer of building 13 must have the concrete structure layer and the slit can not be arranged, and old room face should be repaired first again construction.After laitance on the deck 1, foreign material etc. are cleaned out, lay sloping layer, leveling layer with what add glue in conjunction with cement mortar, then carry out retaining test and leveling layer 3 waterproof tests, determine that the laying of carrying out again growing area 14 behind the zero seepage of roof builds.

After the engineering of roof water leakage is complete, at first to carry out the laying of thermal insulation separation thermosphere 4, the one, for plant growth keeps suitable temperature, the 2nd, can prevent that the roof is overheated, to indoor transferring heat.

The setting of waterproofing course 5 also is to guarantee the non-leakage key in roof.Adopt the APP waterproof roll to tackle the roof seepage, effect is very good.At this moment a kind of waterproof material that adopts random polypropylene etc. to make can not only be corrosion-resistant, anti-aging, can also prevent the intrusion of plant root whisker.There is soil and plant to cover above the waterproofing course of roof, if seepage occurs, is difficult to find leak source, can't effect a radical cure; If the roof keeps moisture state for a long time, add the corrosion that contains acid, alkali, salt material in the fertilizer, all waterproofing course is caused lasting destruction, if waterproofing materials water resistance, antiseptic property are unstable, the buildings 13 below the growing area 14 can't be moved in so; In addition, plant has coring, and coring is all-pervasive, if waterproofing course overlapping part or material itself have hole, coring namely can invade and expand, and is that waterproofing course lost efficacy.And APP waterproof roll coiled material is a kind of waterproof material of being made by high molecular polymer modified bitumens such as random polypropylenes, its stretching resistance, anti-tear broken power, impermeability, elongation per unit length, resistance to ag(e)ing, corrosion resistance are all fine, reach application life more than 300 years, waterproof effect is fine.Anti-coiled material of APP made waterproofing course, and aging period can be guaranteed roof facility leakproof more than 15 years.

Prevent various liquid, moisture etc. that topping 6 is made by the cement mortar of 1:3 see through the roof, the roof are caused one deck protection of erosion.

Rain, excessive moisture can't discharge when watering, cause ponding and cause root system of plant to rot, therefore the intractability of drainage blanket 7 is very large, adopting hydrophobic layer material is that high impact polystyrene (HIPS) is made drainage blanket 7 by the plastic cement base plate of circular cone convex (or hollow cylindrical porous), can be in time with unnecessary moisture absorption discharging, for the growth of plant provides good moisture environment.The end face of circular cone convex (or hollow circuit cylinder porous) glueds joint a filtering layer nonwoven as filtration beds 8, passes through to stop the earth particulate, thereby avoids passage to block, and makes the duct draining smooth and easy, has guaranteed that also the nutrition of soil can be with flowing away.

The roof plantation is just all higher to the requirement of soil to this.Consider first the weight capacity on roof, it is light that the weight of soil is wanted; Second the nutrition of soil is high, can provide enough nutrients for growing up healthy and sound of crops, and the 3rd, the solid power of the wind resistance of soil wants more intense while gas permeability also will get well.For alleviating moisture and soil to gloomy building and the corrosion on roof, roof growing area 14 will adopt the methods such as sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation to do little by little without a break.Peat can be used as main cultivation matrix, and its unit weight is very little, and general dry weight is between the 0.2-0.3g square centimeter, and the unit weight of normal soil is the 1.25-1.75g/ cubic centimetre, is to plant between the 1.92-2.1g/ cubic centimetre.Can extrapolate thus the 18-20% of peat normal soil weight when dry weight, and weight in wet base to be normal soil heavy 33%, use peat if build roof reduction 100%, then can alleviate the soil weight of 2/3-3/4.But, build roof growing area 14 and can not entirely use peat.Entirely use first the peat relative cost higher, second, the greatest drawback with peat is that the solid root power of wind resistance is strong not entirely.Therefore generally adopt in actual use in two parts of common soil a peat of infiltration to make composite soil and build roof growing area 14, also can add an amount of chaff ash, so not only the 25%-30% of soil matrix ground weight be can alleviate, and the gas permeability of soil matrix and the nutrient of soil improved.So soil horizon 9 is made of according to a certain percentage normal soil, peat and chaff ash to be made, and will be adapted to very much the growth demand of roof Planting Crops.

The hydrophobic Drainage Design of roof plantation waterproof and install extremely importantly, so selection and construction just can be effected a radical cure the leakage problems on roof, and assurance soil nutrient, the normal growth that is conducive to crops is required.Owing to take into full account and necessary design, so that the novel plantable roof of this use tectum structure adapts to more crop growth, accommodation enlarges.

Claims

1. A system for planting cultivated land on a roof, comprising: a roof and a covering layer provided on the roof and a wall 12 arranged around the covering layer; it is characterized in that: the roof includes a structural layer (1), a slope layer (2), leveling layer (3); covering layer from bottom to top to set heat insulation board (4), waterproof layer (5), protective layer (6), hydrophobic layer (7), filter layer (8) , soil layer (9), vegetation layer (10); the bottom of the hydrophobic layer (7) is provided with a drainage pipe (11), which passes through the protective layer (6), waterproof layer (5), and heat insulation board (4) to reach the leveling layer (2) at the top.

2. A roof cultivated land planting system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the roof is made of cement mortar, and the slope layer (2) is built according to the designed drainage direction. For gentle slopes, the leveling layer (3) is laid on the slope leveling layer (2), and both the leveling layer (2) and the leveling layer (3) are composed of glued bonded cement slurry.

3. A planting system for roof cultivated land as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the heat insulation board (4) is made of heat insulation material.

4. A roof planting system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: said waterproof layer (5) is made of 30 mm thick APP polyester coil and 3 mm thick anti-root coil become.

5. A planting system for roof cultivated land as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the protective layer (6) is made of 1:3 cement mortar with a thickness of 30mm.

6. A planting system for roof cultivated land as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrophobic layer (7) is made of a plastic bottom plate with conical protrusions (or hollow cylindrical holes).

7. A roof planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filter layer (8) is made of non-woven fabric with a weight of 250-300 grams per square meter.

8. A planting system for roof cultivated land as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: said soil layer (9) is composed of ordinary soil, peat and chaff ash.

9. A roof cultivation system according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: the upper surface of the soil layer (9) is a vegetation layer (10).