CN202710330U - Test bench for comprehensive test of automobile safety airbag - Google Patents
Test bench for comprehensive test of automobile safety airbag Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台,包括试验台机械部分,其由汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置、汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置和试验台架组成。试验台架包括试验台下支架和汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置。汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置安装在试验台下支架的试验台面的一侧,汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置安装在汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置的上端,汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置安装在汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置的前方的试验台面上。汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置中左侧支撑架与右侧支撑架的里侧端面上垂直地安装有锁紧导轨与压板,汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装中的导板和锁紧导轨与压板配合安装为滑动连接。
The utility model discloses an automobile safety airbag comprehensive test bench, which comprises a test bench mechanical part, which is composed of an automobile safety airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device, an automobile safety airbag reaction force test device and a test bench. The test bench includes the lower bracket of the test bench and the static deployment lifting device of the automobile airbag. The static deployment and lifting device of the automobile airbag is installed on one side of the test table of the lower bracket of the test bench. On the test bench in front of the static deployment lifting device of the automobile airbag. In the automobile airbag reaction force test device, the inner end faces of the left support frame and the right support frame are vertically installed with a locking guide rail and a pressure plate, and the guide plate and locking guide rail in the static deployment lifting device of the automobile airbag are installed in conjunction with the pressure plate for sliding connections.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种测试和分析汽车安全气囊的试验装置。更具体地说,本实用新型涉及一种通过数据和图像记录汽车安全气囊的静态展开过程,并通过采集的数据对汽车安全气囊的性能进行分析验证的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台。The utility model relates to a test device for testing and analyzing automobile safety air bags. More specifically, the utility model relates to an automobile airbag comprehensive test bench which records the static deployment process of the automobile airbag through data and images, and analyzes and verifies the performance of the automobile airbag through the collected data.
背景技术 Background technique
随着汽车数量的激增和车速的提高,交通事故变得频繁和严重,汽车的安全性日益被人们所重视。安全气囊是补充约束系统与三点式安全带配套使用的安全系统,作用是减少撞车带来的巨大惯性力对司乘人员造成的二次碰撞伤害,缓和乘员受到的冲击并吸收碰撞能量,保护乘员安全。安全气囊又分为DAB、PAB、SAB、PAS、CAB、ECU等种类。With the rapid increase of the number of automobiles and the increase of vehicle speed, traffic accidents have become frequent and serious, and people have paid more and more attention to the safety of automobiles. The airbag is a safety system that complements the restraint system and the three-point safety belt. Its function is to reduce the secondary collision damage caused by the huge inertial force caused by the collision, ease the impact on the occupants and absorb the collision energy, so as to protect the safety of the occupants. . Airbags are divided into DAB, PAB, SAB, PAS, CAB, ECU and other types.
汽车安全气囊一般由传感器(sensor)、电控单元(ECU)、气囊袋(bag)、气体发生器(infla tor)与支架等组成。当汽车的碰撞传感器受到的冲量超过规定值时,电控单元向气体发生器发出一个触发脉冲,触发发生器中的雷管,雷管爆炸击穿气体发器的燃料盒,将固定燃料点燃并产生高温、高压气体(氮气),气体快速地通过过滤器过滤冷却后冲入气囊袋。气囊袋在20~50ms内膨胀达到最大容积,与安全带配合保护车内人员安全。Automobile airbags generally consist of sensors, electronic control units (ECUs), airbag bags (bags), gas generators (inflators) and brackets. When the impact received by the collision sensor of the car exceeds the specified value, the electronic control unit sends a trigger pulse to the gas generator, which triggers the detonator in the generator, and the detonator explodes and penetrates the fuel box of the gas generator, ignites the fixed fuel and generates high temperature , High-pressure gas (nitrogen), the gas is quickly filtered and cooled through the filter and then rushed into the air bag. The air bag expands to the maximum volume within 20-50ms, and cooperates with the seat belt to protect the safety of the occupants in the vehicle.
GB/T 19949.2-2005/ISO 12097-2:1996中的汽车安全气囊静态展开试验和压力容器试验,以及行业新的试验方法中的汽车安全气囊静态展开反作用力试验,都是验证气囊是否符合标准不可缺少的实验,同时得出的实验数据也是安全气囊设计准则及车身骨架和仪表板设计标准所需要的关键数据。实验数据的用途如下表所示:The auto airbag static deployment test and pressure vessel test in GB/T 19949.2-2005/ISO 12097-2:1996, as well as the auto airbag static deployment reaction force test in the industry's new test method, are to verify whether the airbag meets the standard It is an indispensable experiment, and the experimental data obtained at the same time is also the key data required by the airbag design criteria and the body frame and instrument panel design standards. The purpose of the experimental data is shown in the table below:
表1Table 1
根据GB/T 19949.2-2005/ISO 12097-2:1996提供的试验方法,汽车安全气囊性能试验中的静态展开试验采用高速摄像机记录,通过图像处理法和有限元分析法来计算气囊袋展开的形状变化量、速度及加速度,通过这些数值计算测试汽车安全气囊需要的其他参数;压力容器试验需要采用专用密闭试验容器并加装传感器测试容器压力值,通过这些数值推算汽车安全气囊的反作用力;汽车安全气囊静态展开反作用力试验则需要专用实验设备完成反作用力的测试。以上方法试验成本高昂、过程繁琐、试验数值与真实值存在不确定误差,不能应付种类繁多的汽车安全气囊测试任务。According to the test method provided by GB/T 19949.2-2005/ISO 12097-2:1996, the static deployment test in the automobile airbag performance test is recorded by a high-speed camera, and the shape of the airbag bag deployment is calculated by image processing and finite element analysis Variation, speed and acceleration, through these values to calculate other parameters required for testing automobile airbags; pressure vessel tests need to use a special airtight test container and install sensors to test the pressure value of the container, and calculate the reaction force of automobile airbags through these values; The static airbag deployment reaction force test requires special experimental equipment to complete the reaction force test. The above method has high test cost, cumbersome process, uncertain error between the test value and the real value, and cannot cope with a wide variety of automotive airbag test tasks.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是克服了现有技术存在试验成本高昂、过程繁琐、试验数值与真实值存在误差,不能应付种类繁多的汽车安全气囊测试任务的问题,提供了一种汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the problems in the prior art that the test cost is high, the process is cumbersome, the test value and the real value have errors, and it cannot cope with a wide variety of automobile airbag test tasks, and a kind of automobile airbag is provided. Comprehensive test bench.
为解决上述技术问题,本实用新型是采用如下技术方案实现的:所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台由试验台机械部分和数据图像采集分析控制部分组成。所述的试验台机械部分由汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置、汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置和试验台架组成。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench is composed of a test bench mechanical part and a data image acquisition analysis control part. The mechanical part of the test bench is composed of an automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device, an automobile airbag reaction force test device and a test bench.
试验台架由试验台下支架和汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置组成。所述的试验台下支架是采用铝合金型材作为支腿与横梁安装成长方体形的框架式结构件,试验台面安装在试验台下支架即长方体形的框架式结构件的顶端面上。汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置安装在试验台面的一侧,汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置安装在试验台架中的汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置的上端,汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置安装在试验台架中的汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置的前方的试验台面上。汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置中左侧支撑架与右侧支撑架的里侧端面上垂直地安装有锁紧导轨与压板,汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装中的导板和锁紧导轨与压板配合安装为滑动连接。The test bench is composed of the lower bracket of the test bench and the static deployment and lifting device of the automobile airbag. The lower bracket of the test bench is a cuboid frame structure using aluminum alloy profiles as legs and beams, and the test bench surface is installed on the top surface of the lower bracket of the test bench, that is, the cuboid frame structure. The static deployment and lifting device of the automobile airbag is installed on one side of the test bench, the speed and acceleration test buffer device of the automobile airbag is installed on the upper end of the static deployment and lifting device of the automobile airbag in the test bench, and the reaction force test device of the automobile airbag is installed On the test bench in front of the static deployment lifting device of the automobile airbag in the test bench. In the automobile airbag reaction force test device, the inner end faces of the left support frame and the right support frame are vertically installed with a locking guide rail and a pressure plate, and the guide plate and locking guide rail in the static deployment lifting device of the automobile airbag are installed in conjunction with the pressure plate for sliding connections.
技术方案中所述的汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置包括升降台面、蜗轮丝母、导板、丝杠、4个结构相同的直线滚动轴承、4个结构相同的导柱、4个结构相同的升降台支撑柱、上轴承座、1号角接触球轴承、下轴承座、圆锥滚子轴承、2个结构相同的压板、2个结构相同的锁紧导轨、2个结构相同的升降台加强筋、蜗杆、2个结构相同的蜗杆轴承座、升降台基础板和2个结构相同的2号角接触球轴承。所述的升降台基础板的四角与中心处采用螺栓安装有四个结构相同的直线滚动轴承与上轴承座,升降台基础板再通过4个结构相同的升降台支撑柱和螺钉固定在试验台面上,在试验台面上采用螺栓安装有下轴承座,下轴承座与上轴承座的回转轴线重合,蜗轮丝母采用1号角接触球轴承与圆锥滚子轴承安装在上轴承座与下轴承座上。蜗轮丝母和采用2个结构相同的蜗杆轴承座与2个结构相同的2号角接触球轴承安装在试验台面上的蜗杆啮合连接,蜗轮丝母与蜗杆的回转轴线垂直交叉。4个结构相同的导柱和丝杠的上端与升降台面固定连接,4个结构相同的导柱与丝杠的中段插入4个结构相同的直线滚动轴承与蜗轮丝母中为滑动连接与螺纹连接,4个结构相同的导柱和丝杠的下端插入试验台面上相对应的通孔中。升降台面的底面和导板与2块结构相同的升降台加强筋垂直连接,导板的一侧面与2块结构相同的升降台加强筋的一端垂直连接。The static deployment and lifting device for automobile airbags described in the technical solution includes a lifting platform, a worm wheel screw nut, a guide plate, a lead screw, 4 linear rolling bearings with the same structure, 4 guide columns with the same structure, and 4 lift platform supports with the same structure Column, upper bearing seat, No. 1 angular contact ball bearing, lower bearing seat, tapered roller bearing, 2 pressure plates with the same structure, 2 locking guide rails with the same structure, 2 lifting platform reinforcement ribs with the same structure, worm, 2 A worm bearing seat with the same structure, a lifting platform base plate and two No. 2 angular contact ball bearings with the same structure. The four corners and the center of the base plate of the lifting platform are installed with four linear rolling bearings and the upper bearing seat with the same structure by bolts, and the base plate of the lifting platform is fixed on the test bench by four support columns and screws of the same structure. , Bolts are used to install the lower bearing seat on the test bench, and the rotation axes of the lower bearing seat and the upper bearing seat coincide. The worm wheel nut adopts No. 1 angular contact ball bearing and tapered roller bearing to install on the upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat. The worm gear nut and the worm meshing connection are installed on the test table with 2 worm bearing housings with the same structure and 2 No. 2 angular contact ball bearings with the same structure. The worm gear nut and the rotation axis of the worm are vertically intersected. The upper ends of 4 guide posts with the same structure and the upper ends of the screw are fixedly connected with the lifting platform, and the middle sections of the 4 guide posts with the same structure and the lead screw are inserted into 4 linear rolling bearings with the same structure and the worm wheel nut for sliding connection and screw connection. The lower ends of four guide posts with the same structure and lead screws are inserted into the corresponding through holes on the test bench. The bottom surface of the lifting platform and the guide plate are vertically connected with two lifting platform reinforcing ribs with the same structure, and one side of the guide plate is vertically connected with one end of the two lifting platform reinforcing ribs with the same structure.
技术方案中所述的汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置由专用安装定位架和通用基架组成。所述的通用基架包括左侧支撑架、左侧锁紧盘、气囊约束板、旋转支架、4根结构相同的支撑柱、右侧锁紧盘、蜗轮、右侧支撑架、蜗杆和蜗杆轴承座。旋转支架上的左旋转轴与右旋转轴采用滚动轴承安装在左侧支撑架与右侧支撑架上为转动连接,旋转支架的左旋转轴与右旋转轴上配装有左侧锁紧盘与右侧锁紧盘,右侧锁紧盘的右侧安装的蜗轮与安装在右侧支撑架上的蜗杆啮合连接,蜗杆一端加工成便于装卸旋转扳手的四方体。左侧锁紧盘和右侧锁紧盘通过键安装在旋转支架的左旋转轴与右旋转轴上,通过螺母将左旋转轴上的左侧锁紧盘与右旋转轴上的右侧锁紧盘以及蜗轮固定在旋转支架上,通过螺钉将通用基架中的左侧锁紧盘与右侧锁紧盘固定在左侧支撑架和右侧支撑架上。4个结构相同的支撑柱的下端和左侧支撑架与右侧支撑架的顶端面螺纹连接,4个结构相同的支撑柱的上端和气囊约束板螺栓连接。专用安装定位架安装在旋转支架上。The automobile safety airbag reaction force test device described in the technical solution is composed of a special installation positioning frame and a general base frame. The universal base frame includes a left support frame, a left locking disc, an airbag restraint plate, a rotating bracket, four support columns with the same structure, a right locking disc, a worm wheel, a right supporting frame, a worm and a worm bearing seat. The left rotating shaft and right rotating shaft on the rotating bracket adopt rolling bearings to install on the left supporting frame and the right supporting frame for rotational connection, and the left rotating shaft and the right rotating shaft of the rotating bracket are equipped with a left locking disc and a right lock Tight disk, the worm gear installed on the right side of the right side locking disk is meshed with the worm installed on the right support frame, and one end of the worm is processed into a square that is convenient for loading and unloading the rotary wrench. The left locking disc and the right locking disc are installed on the left rotating shaft and the right rotating shaft of the rotating bracket through keys, and the left locking disc on the left rotating shaft and the right locking disc on the right rotating shaft are connected by nuts. The worm gear is fixed on the rotating bracket, and the left locking disk and the right locking disk in the universal base frame are fixed on the left support frame and the right support frame by screws. The lower ends of the four support columns with the same structure and the left support frame are screwed to the top surface of the right support frame, and the upper ends of the four support columns with the same structure are bolted to the airbag restraint plate. The special installation positioning frame is installed on the rotating bracket.
技术方案中所述的旋转支架是采用方形钢管焊接加工成U字形的框架式结构件,即旋转支架是由左旋转支架壁、右旋转支架壁与旋转支架底构成,左旋转支架壁与右旋转支架壁相互平行地安装在旋转支架底的两端并和旋转支架底垂直。旋转支架的左旋转支架壁的左侧面上与右旋转支架壁的右侧面上安装有和左右侧面垂直的左旋转轴与右旋转轴,旋转支架的左旋转轴与右旋转轴上加工有键槽,并通过螺钉将左旋转轴与右旋转轴安装在旋转支架中的左旋转支架壁与右旋转支架壁上为固定连接,左旋转轴与右旋转轴的回转轴线在同一轴线上。旋转支架的旋转支架底面上为了安装力传感器增加钢板。The rotating support described in the technical proposal is a U-shaped frame structure that is welded by square steel pipes, that is, the rotating support is composed of a left rotating support wall, a right rotating support wall and a rotating support bottom, and a left rotating support wall is connected with a right rotating support wall. The support walls are installed on both ends of the bottom of the rotating support parallel to each other and perpendicular to the bottom of the rotating support. On the left side of the wall of the left rotation bracket of the rotation bracket and on the right side of the wall of the right rotation bracket, a left rotation shaft and a right rotation shaft perpendicular to the left and right sides are installed, key grooves are processed on the left rotation shaft and the right rotation shaft of the rotation bracket, And be fixedly connected on the left-handed support wall and the right-handed support wall that the left-handed shaft and the right-handed shaft are installed in the rotating bracket by screws, and the rotation axes of the left-handed shaft and the right-handed shaft are on the same axis. A steel plate is added on the bottom surface of the swivel bracket of the swivel bracket in order to install the force sensor.
技术方案中所述的旋转支架上安装有力传感器,力传感器在旋转支架中的旋转支架底上为单点上布置力传感器的布局、三点上布置力传感器的水平布局,四点上布置力传感器的水平布局,以及在旋转支架与附加支撑架上布置力传感器的空间布局。The rotating bracket described in the technical solution is equipped with a force sensor, and the force sensor is arranged on the bottom of the rotating bracket in the rotating bracket for a single-point layout of the force sensor, a horizontal layout of three points for the force sensor, and a four-point layout for the force sensor. The horizontal layout, and the spatial layout of the force sensor on the rotating bracket and the additional support frame.
技术方案中所述的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置包括2个结构相同的底端定位板、缓冲腔左侧板、角速度传感器、缓冲腔盖板、加强定位板、缓冲腔右侧板、转轴、加速度传感器、定位板、传感器支撑柱、联轴器、缓冲腔左侧轴承座、缓冲腔右侧轴承座、缓冲盖板、定位块、缓冲腔前板和节流阀。相互平行的结构相同的缓冲腔左侧板与缓冲腔右侧板的后窄端面和缓冲腔盖板的内侧面螺钉连接,缓冲腔前板和相互平行的结构相同的缓冲腔左侧板与缓冲腔右侧板的前窄端面螺钉连接,缓冲腔盖板的内侧面上横置有加强定位板。缓冲盖板采用螺钉和销钉和转轴连为一体,转轴通过安装在缓冲腔左侧板与缓冲腔右侧板上的缓冲腔左侧轴承座、缓冲腔右侧轴承座和2个结构相同的滚动轴承安装在缓冲腔前板的顶端。转轴的一端安装有联轴器,缓冲腔前板上端的位于缓冲盖板下方的位置安装有定位块,缓冲腔左侧板的左侧与缓冲腔右侧板的右侧的底端采用螺栓安装有结构相同的底端定位板。角速度传感器安装在转轴左侧的采用传感器支撑柱安装在缓冲腔左侧板上的定位板上,角速度传感器的输入端和转轴左端的联轴器连接。缓冲盖板上安装加速度传感器,节流阀安装在缓冲腔前板上。The automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device described in the technical solution includes two bottom positioning plates with the same structure, the left side plate of the buffer cavity, an angular velocity sensor, the cover plate of the buffer cavity, the reinforced positioning plate, and the right side plate of the buffer cavity , rotating shaft, acceleration sensor, positioning plate, sensor support column, coupling, buffer chamber left bearing seat, buffer chamber right bearing seat, buffer cover, positioning block, buffer chamber front plate and throttle valve. The left side plate of the buffer cavity with the same structure parallel to each other is connected with the rear narrow end surface of the right plate of the buffer cavity and the inner surface of the cover plate of the buffer cavity by screws, the front plate of the buffer cavity and the left plate of the buffer cavity with the same structure parallel to each other are connected with the buffer cavity The front narrow end face of the right side plate of the cavity is connected by screws, and the inner side of the cover plate of the buffer cavity is horizontally provided with a strengthening positioning plate. The buffer cover plate is connected with the rotating shaft by screws and pins, and the rotating shaft passes through the left bearing seat of the buffer chamber, the right bearing seat of the buffer chamber and two rolling bearings with the same structure, which are installed on the left plate of the buffer chamber and the right plate of the buffer chamber Installed on the top of the front plate of the buffer chamber. A coupling is installed at one end of the rotating shaft, and a positioning block is installed at the upper end of the front plate of the buffer chamber below the buffer cover plate, and the left side of the left side plate of the buffer chamber and the bottom end of the right side of the right side plate of the buffer chamber are installed with bolts There are bottom positioning plates with the same structure. The angular velocity sensor is installed on the left side of the rotating shaft using a sensor support column installed on the positioning plate on the left side of the buffer cavity, and the input end of the angular velocity sensor is connected with the coupling at the left end of the rotating shaft. The acceleration sensor is installed on the buffer cover, and the throttle valve is installed on the front plate of the buffer chamber.
与现有技术相比本实用新型的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1.本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台可以同时完成汽车安全气囊静态展开实验和汽车安全气囊静态展开反作用力实验。汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台在安全气囊静态展开过程中可以同时同步采集安全气囊的启动时间、气囊静态展开时间、气囊开启的反作用力、气囊袋的展开速度、加速度及展开形状,评估气囊袋的折叠方法和气体发生器对汽车安全气囊展开的影响。本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台可广泛应用于汽车安全气囊综合设计和性能测试,并同时为汽车车身骨架、座椅、仪表板等提供重要的设计参数。1. The automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model can simultaneously complete the static deployment experiment of the automobile safety airbag and the static deployment reaction force experiment of the automobile safety airbag. During the static deployment process of the airbag, the automobile airbag comprehensive test bench can simultaneously collect the start time of the airbag, the static deployment time of the airbag, the reaction force of the opening of the airbag, the deployment speed, acceleration and deployment shape of the airbag bag, and evaluate the performance of the airbag bag. Effect of folding method and inflator on automotive airbag deployment. The automobile safety airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model can be widely used in automobile safety airbag comprehensive design and performance test, and can provide important design parameters for automobile body frame, seat, instrument panel and the like at the same time.
2.本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台分为试验台机械部分和数据图像采集分析控制部分。所述的试验台机械部分用于安装不同型号的汽车安全气囊、设置传感器及模拟配合汽车安全气囊展开时的相关实验条件;所述的数据图像采集分析控制部分对整个实验过程进行控制并同时完成数据及图像采集和分析工作,实验结束后自动保存数据,生成试验分析报告。保证实验的完整性、准确性和实时性。2. The automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model is divided into a test bench mechanical part and a data image acquisition analysis control part. The mechanical part of the test bench is used for installing different types of automobile airbags, setting sensors and simulating the relevant experimental conditions when cooperating with the deployment of automobile airbags; the described data image acquisition and analysis control part controls the entire experimental process and completes Data and image acquisition and analysis work, automatically save the data after the experiment, and generate the test analysis report. Guarantee the integrity, accuracy and real-time performance of the experiment.
3.本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台可实现五个自由度调整,即汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试装置的升降、前后移动和缓冲盖板的旋转,汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置的旋转和左右移动。通过调整这五个自由度,试验台可对不同类型和不同实验要求的汽车安全气囊进行安装测试。3. The automobile airbag comprehensive test bench described in the utility model can realize adjustment of five degrees of freedom, that is, the deployment speed of the automobile airbag and the lifting of the acceleration test device, the forward and backward movement and the rotation of the buffer cover, the reaction force of the automobile airbag Rotation and side-to-side movement of the test device. By adjusting these five degrees of freedom, the test bench can perform installation tests on different types of automotive airbags with different experimental requirements.
4.本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台的机械部分中的试验台架主体结构采用铝合金型材搭建而成,在保证强度的情况下,优化了试验台的重量。试验台架上包含一部抗冲击震动的升降装置,在完成高精度升降的情况下,承受汽车安全气囊静态展开时所产生的冲击震动,保证升降装置的稳定,使汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置上的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置在震动条件下正常工作,降低实验误差。4. The main structure of the test bench in the mechanical part of the automobile airbag comprehensive test bench described in the utility model is built with aluminum alloy profiles, and the weight of the test bench is optimized under the condition of ensuring the strength. The test bench contains an anti-shock and vibration lifting device, which can withstand the shock and vibration generated when the automobile airbag is statically deployed when the high-precision lifting is completed, so as to ensure the stability of the lifting device and make the static deployment of the automobile airbag. The speed and acceleration test cushioning device of the automobile airbag on the test works normally under vibration conditions, reducing the experimental error.
5.本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中的汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置(详细参考汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置专利)可实现对不同种类的汽车安全气囊进行夹紧,可根据实验要求采用不同的力传感器和不同的传感器布局,并测试汽车安全气囊展开时的反作用力。汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置使整个系统同时具有通用性和专用性,节约了试验成本,提高了实验的仿真性,增加实验的灵活性,满足不同的实验要求和方法。5. The automobile airbag reaction force test device in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model (refer to the automobile airbag reaction force test device patent for details) can realize the clamping of different types of automobile airbags, and can be used according to The experiments required using different force sensors and different sensor layouts, and testing the reaction force when the car's airbag is deployed. The automotive airbag reaction force test device makes the whole system both universal and specific, saves the test cost, improves the simulation of the experiment, increases the flexibility of the experiment, and meets different experimental requirements and methods.
6.本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置(详细参考汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置专利)采集的角速度与加速度可用来评估安全气囊的折叠方法对气囊展开的影响。与所测试的汽车安全气囊反作用力和摄像机的图形参数进行对比分析,评估汽车安全气囊的综合性能。6. The angular velocity and acceleration collected by the automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model (refer to the automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device patent for details) can be used to evaluate safety The effect of airbag folding method on airbag deployment. Compare and analyze the reaction force of the tested car airbag and the graphic parameters of the camera to evaluate the comprehensive performance of the car airbag.
7.本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置设计有缓冲保护功能,吸收缓冲盖板在完成测试后的动能,保护缓冲盖板及盖板上的加速度传感器的完整性。7. The automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model is designed with a buffer protection function, which absorbs the kinetic energy of the buffer cover after the test is completed, and protects the buffer cover and the cover The integrity of the accelerometer on the
8.本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中的数据图像采集分析控制部分由气囊控制部分、高速图像采集部分和数据采集处理部分组成。相比传统数据采集设备采样速度慢、测量精度低、测试仪器数量多、开发周期长的情况,该设备大大缩短了开发时间,降低了开发成本,提高了测试系统的可靠性。8. The data image acquisition analysis control part in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model is composed of an airbag control part, a high-speed image acquisition part and a data acquisition processing part. Compared with the traditional data acquisition equipment with slow sampling speed, low measurement accuracy, large number of test instruments, and long development cycle, this equipment greatly shortens the development time, reduces the development cost, and improves the reliability of the test system.
9.本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中的数据图像采集分析控制部分中的气囊控制部分用于控制气囊的引爆装置、高速摄像机和数据采集卡。气囊控制部分的作用是同步启动气囊和数据采集功能,并提前5ms启动高速摄像设备,使高速摄机能够完整记录整个实验过程,并优化数据采集量,保证实验的一致性和完整性。9. The airbag control part in the data image collection and analysis control part of the automobile airbag comprehensive test bench described in the utility model is used for controlling the detonating device of the airbag, the high-speed camera and the data acquisition card. The function of the airbag control part is to start the airbag and data acquisition function synchronously, and start the high-speed camera equipment 5ms in advance, so that the high-speed camera can completely record the whole experimental process, optimize the amount of data collection, and ensure the consistency and integrity of the experiment.
10.本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中的数据图像采集分析控制部分用来记录汽车安全气囊静态展开的图像信息,通过图像处理法和有限元分析法来计算气囊袋展开的形状变化量、速度及加速度,用以与传感器采集的数据进行对比分析,以减少实验误差,提高准确性。10. The data image acquisition analysis control part in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model is used for recording the image information of the static deployment of the automobile airbag, and calculates the shape of the airbag bag deployment by image processing method and finite element analysis method The amount of change, speed and acceleration are used for comparative analysis with the data collected by the sensor to reduce experimental errors and improve accuracy.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步的说明:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:
图1为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台结构组成的轴测投影图;Fig. 1 is the axonometric projection diagram that automobile safety air bag comprehensive test test bench structure according to the utility model is formed;
图2为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置结构组成的主视图;Fig. 2 is the front view of the static deployment lifting device structure of the automobile airbag in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图3为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置结构组成的俯视图;Fig. 3 is the top view of the structural composition of the automobile airbag static deployment lifting device in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图4为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置结构组成的左视图上的剖视图;Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view on the left view of the static deployment lifting device structure of the automobile airbag in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图5为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置结构组成的轴侧投影图;Fig. 5 is the axial side projection diagram of the automobile airbag reaction force test device structure composition in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图6为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置中通用基架结构组成的轴侧投影图;Fig. 6 is the axial side projection diagram that the universal base frame structure is formed in the automobile airbag reaction force test device in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图7为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置结构组成的主视图上的剖视图;Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view on the front view of the composition of the automobile airbag reaction force test device structure in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图8为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置中通用基架结构组成的右视图;Fig. 8 is the right view of the universal base frame structure composition in the automobile airbag reaction force test device in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图9为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置中力传感器空间布局的轴侧投影图;Fig. 9 is the axial side projection diagram of the force sensor space layout in the automobile airbag reaction force test device in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图10为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置结构组成的轴侧投影图;Fig. 10 is an axial side projection diagram of the automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device structure in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图11为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置结构组成的主视图;Fig. 11 is the front view of the structural composition of the automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图12为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置结构组成左视图上的剖视图;Fig. 12 is the cross-sectional view on the left view of the automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device structure in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图13为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中数据图像采集分析控制部分结构原理示意框图;Fig. 13 is a schematic block diagram of the structural principle of the data image acquisition analysis control part in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图14为本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中所采用的蜗轮丝母主视图上的剖视图;Fig. 14 is the cross-sectional view on the front view of the worm gear nut adopted in the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model;
图中:1.汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置,2.汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置,3.试验台架,4.汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置,5.升降台面,6.蜗轮丝母,7.导板,8.丝杠,9.直线滚动轴承,10.导柱,11.升降台支撑柱,12.上轴承座,13.1号角接触球轴承,14.下轴承座,15.圆锥滚子轴承,16.压板、17.锁紧导轨,18.升降台加强筋,19.蜗杆,20.蜗杆轴承座,21.升降台基础板,22.2号角接触球轴承;23.试验台面,24.汽车安全气囊,25.专用安装定位架,26.通用基架,27.左侧支撑架,28.左侧锁紧盘,29.气囊约束板,30.旋转支架,31.支撑柱,32.右侧锁紧盘,33.蜗轮,34.右侧支撑架,35.蜗杆,36.蜗杆轴承座,37.附加支撑架;38.力传感器,39.底端定位板,40.缓冲腔左侧板,41.角速度传感器(旋转编码器),42.缓冲腔盖板,43.腔内加强定位板,44.缓冲腔右侧板,45.转轴,46.加速度传感器,47.定位板,48.传感器支撑柱,49.联轴器,50.缓冲腔左侧轴承座,51.缓冲腔右侧轴承座,52.缓冲盖板,53.盖板定位块,54.缓冲腔前板,55.节流阀In the figure: 1. Automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device, 2. Automobile airbag reaction force test device, 3. Test bench, 4. Automobile airbag static deployment lifting device, 5. Lifting table, 6. Worm gear Screw nut, 7. Guide plate, 8. Lead screw, 9. Linear rolling bearing, 10. Guide column, 11. Lifting platform support column, 12. Upper bearing seat, 13. No. 1 angular contact ball bearing, 14. Lower bearing seat, 15. Taper Roller bearing, 16. Press plate, 17. Locking guide rail, 18. Lifting platform reinforcement rib, 19. Worm screw, 20. Worm screw bearing seat, 21. Lifting platform base plate, 22.2 Angular contact ball bearing; 23. Test bench surface, 24 .Automotive airbag, 25. Special installation positioning frame, 26. Universal base frame, 27. Left support frame, 28. Left locking plate, 29. Airbag restraint plate, 30. Rotating bracket, 31. Support column, 32 .Right locking disc, 33. Worm gear, 34. Right support frame, 35. Worm screw, 36. Worm screw bearing seat, 37. Additional support frame; 38. Force sensor, 39. Bottom positioning plate, 40. Buffer cavity Left side plate, 41. Angular velocity sensor (rotary encoder), 42. Buffer cavity cover plate, 43. Reinforced positioning plate in the cavity, 44. Right side plate of the buffer cavity, 45. Rotary shaft, 46. Acceleration sensor, 47. Positioning plate , 48. Sensor support column, 49. Coupling, 50. Left bearing seat of buffer chamber, 51. Right bearing seat of buffer chamber, 52. Buffer cover, 53. Cover positioning block, 54. Front plate of buffer chamber , 55. Throttle valve
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型作详细的描述:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail:
参阅图1与图13,本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台由试验台机械部分和数据图像采集分析控制部分组成。试验台机械部分分为汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1、汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2和试验台架3。数据图像采集分析控制部分包含气囊控制部分、高速图像采集部分和数据采集处理部分。Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 13, the automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model is composed of a test bench mechanical part and a data image acquisition analysis control part. The mechanical part of the test bench is divided into the automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device 1, the automobile airbag reaction force test device 2 and the test bench 3. The data image acquisition and analysis control part includes the airbag control part, the high-speed image acquisition part and the data acquisition and processing part.
本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台可以测试汽车安全气囊的启动时间、汽车安全气囊静态展开时间、汽车安全气囊开启的反作用力、气囊袋的展开形状及速度与缓冲盖板52的速度及加速度等。通过采集以上数据对汽车安全气囊进行综合性能测试,并同时为汽车车身骨架,座椅,仪表板等提供重要的设计参数。The automobile airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model can test the starting time of the automobile airbag, the static deployment time of the automobile airbag, the reaction force of the opening of the automobile airbag, the unfolded shape and speed of the airbag bag and the relationship between the
参阅图1,本实用新型所述的试验台机械部分中的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1设置在试验台架3中的汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4的上端,汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2安装在汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1的前方的试验台架3的试验台面23上,即位于试验台架3中的汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4的前方的试验台架3中的试验台面23上。汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2中左侧支撑架27与右侧支撑架34的里侧端面上垂直地安装有锁紧导轨17与压板16,汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装4中的导板7的两端和汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2中的锁紧导轨17与压板16配合安装为滑动连接。Referring to Fig. 1, the automobile airbag deployment speed in the mechanical part of the test bench described in the utility model and the acceleration test buffer device 1 are arranged on the upper end of the automobile airbag static expansion lifting device 4 in the test bench 3, and the automobile airbag reacts The force testing device 2 is installed on the
本实用新型所述的试验台机械部分中的试验台架3由试验台下支架和汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4组成,所述的试验台下支架是采用铝合金型材作为支腿与横梁设置安装成长方体形的框架式结构件,试验台面23安装在试验台下支架即长方体形的框架式结构件的顶端面上,4个结构相同的可以调节高度的支腿安装在试验台下支架的底端。汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2的主体结构采用方钢管焊接而成,在保证试验台的强度和稳定性的同时,优化了整体重量。汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台可实现五个自由度的调整,即汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1沿Z轴方向升降、X轴方向移动和缓冲盖板52的旋转,汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2绕Y轴旋转和沿Y轴方向移动。通过调整这五个自由度,汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台可对不同类型和不同实验要求的汽车安全气囊进行安装测试。The test bench 3 in the mechanical part of the test bench described in the utility model is composed of the lower bracket of the test bench and the static expansion and lifting device 4 of the automobile safety airbag. A rectangular frame structure is installed, and the
参阅图1至图4,所述的试验台机械部分中的试验台架3上的汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4包括升降台面5、蜗轮丝母6、导板7、丝杠8、4个结构相同的直线滚动轴承9、4个结构相同的导柱10、4个结构相同的升降台支撑柱11、上轴承座12、角接触球轴承13、下轴承座14、圆锥滚子轴承15、2个结构相同的压板16、2个结构相同的锁紧导轨17,2个结构相同的升降台加强筋18、蜗杆19、2个结构相同的蜗杆轴承座20、升降台基础板21和2个结构相同的角接触球轴承22等。Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the automobile safety airbag static deployment lifting device 4 on the test bench 3 in the mechanical part of the test bench includes a lifting platform 5, a worm wheel screw nut 6, a guide plate 7, a leading screw 8, and 4 structures The same linear rolling bearing 9, 4 guide columns 10 with the same structure, 4 lifting
所述的升降台基础板21为矩形板式结构件,升降台基础板21的四角处与中心处设置有安装直线滚动轴承9和上轴承座12的四个直线滚动轴承通孔与上轴承座阶梯通孔,升降台基础板21的两短边处均布有安装升降台支撑柱11的支撑柱通孔。所述的升降台基础板21的四角与中心处采用螺栓安装有四个结构相同的直线滚动轴承9和上轴承座12,升降台基础板21通过4个结构相同的升降台支撑柱11和螺钉固定在试验台架3中的试验台面23上,在试验台面23上采用螺栓安装有下轴承座14,下轴承座14与上轴承座12的回转轴线重合。蜗轮丝母6采用1号角接触球轴承13与圆锥滚子轴承15安装在上轴承座12与下轴承座14上,蜗轮丝母6和采用2个结构相同的蜗杆轴承座20与2个结构相同的2号角接触球轴承22安装在试验台面23上的蜗杆19相啮合。4个结构相同的导柱10和丝杠8的上端与升降台面5固定连接,4个结构相同的导柱10和丝杠8的中段插入4个结构相同的直线滚动轴承9和蜗轮丝母6中为滑动连接和螺纹连接,4个结构相同的导柱10和丝杠8的下端插入试验台架3中的试验台面23上相对应的通孔中。安装在试验台面23上的蜗杆19与试验台面23和升降台基础板21之间的蜗轮丝母6啮合,蜗杆19与蜗轮丝母6的回转轴线垂直交叉,完成二级减速和传动方向的转变。蜗杆19一(左)端加工方头,用来安装扳手,作用是控制蜗杆19转动,完成整个装置升降。The
所述的试验台架3上的汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4中2个结构相同的锁紧导轨17的作用是消除4个结构相同的直线滚动轴承9与4个结构相同的导柱10间存在的间隙,减少冲击力对汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4造成的震动,增强稳定性。锁紧导轨17与汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中的汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2采用一体化设计,所述的一体化设计即由升降台面5、导板7、锁紧导轨17、升降台加强筋18和压板16对汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4进行锁紧固定及减震,升降台面5、导板7和2块结构相同的升降台加强筋18通过螺钉连接成一个整体,确切地说,2块结构相同的直角三角形的升降台加强筋18大直角边的端面和升降台面5底面的两侧螺钉固定连接,矩形的导板7的一侧面与一长边的端面和2块结构相同的升降台加强筋18的中直角边端面与升降台面5的底面螺钉连接,导板7与2块结构相同的升降台加强筋18和升降台面5的底面垂直,导板7与2块结构相同的升降台加强筋18垂直。2个结构相同的锁紧导轨17垂直地固定在汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台中汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2中的左侧支撑架27与右侧支撑架34里侧(和汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4相邻侧)的端面上,保证汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4的力学封闭性。The function of the two locking
所述的汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4在进行升降时,松开矩形导轨的压板16,转动蜗杆19,带动蜗轮丝母6转动,蜗轮丝母6将转动传递到丝杠8上,丝杠8沿Z轴方向运动,在4个结构相同的直线滚动轴承9的导向下,实现整个汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4的升降,当升降到指定高度,将压板16锁紧,完成整个汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4的固定。When the static expansion and lifting device 4 of the automobile airbag is lifted, the
所述的汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4一侧安装有高度尺,用来精确控制升降台面5相对于试验台面23的高度。A height gauge is installed on one side of the static deployment lifting device 4 for the automobile airbag, which is used to accurately control the height of the lifting platform 5 relative to the
参阅图14,所述的蜗轮丝母6的结构是将蜗轮和丝母加工成一体,即蜗轮套装在丝母上,蜗轮圆周面上加工有和蜗杆19相啮合的轮齿,丝母的中心孔内加工有和丝杠8配合的螺纹,蜗轮和丝母的回转轴线共线,综合了蜗轮和丝母两种功能。Referring to Fig. 14, the structure of the worm gear nut 6 is that the worm gear and the nut nut are processed into one, that is, the worm gear is set on the nut nut, and the circumferential surface of the worm wheel is processed with gear teeth meshed with the
所述的汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4采用蜗轮蜗杆和丝杠丝母相配合的二级传动原理,降低了传动比,即i=i1×i2,i1为蜗轮蜗杆的传动比,i2为丝杠丝母的传动比,提高了整个装置的精度。由于蜗轮蜗杆结构和丝杠丝母结构都有自锁功能,使升降台的自定位更加准确。配合直线滚动轴承的导向和锁紧导轨17的紧固功能,使整个升降装置可以承受汽车安全气囊静态展开时所产生的巨大冲击力所带来的机械振动,保证汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4上的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1可以正常的工作,不会因汽车安全气囊静态展开产生的冲击震动而失灵或损坏。The static expansion and lifting device 4 for the automobile airbag adopts a two-stage transmission principle in which the worm gear and the screw nut are matched, which reduces the transmission ratio, that is, i=i 1 ×i 2 , where i 1 is the transmission ratio of the worm gear and worm, i 2 is the transmission ratio of the screw nut, which improves the accuracy of the whole device. Since both the worm gear structure and the screw nut structure have self-locking functions, the self-positioning of the lifting platform is more accurate. Cooperating with the guiding function of the linear rolling bearing and the fastening function of the locking
参阅图5至图9,所述的试验台机械部分中的汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2分为专用安装定位架25和通用基架26。Referring to FIGS. 5 to 9 , the automotive airbag reaction force test device 2 in the mechanical part of the test bench is divided into a special
所述的汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2中的通用基架26的主体是旋转支架30,可以调整角度并锁紧。旋转支架30上设置有不同规格的力传感器38和安装不同规格的汽车安全气囊24的专用安装定位架25的安装位置,可根据不同汽车安全气囊类型和实验要求做相应的调整。专用安装定位架25是根据汽车安全气囊的型号和安装方法制作的专用固定安装架。专用安装定位架25安装在力传感器38上并与通用基架26相连。当汽车安全气囊24展开时,反作用力通过专用安装定位架25传递到力传感器38上。专用安装定位架25和通用基架26的组合使汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2同时具有通用性和专用性,节约了试验成本,提高了实验的仿真性。The main body of the
参阅图6至图8,所述的试验台机械部分中的汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2的通用基架26由左侧支撑架27、左侧锁紧盘28、气囊约束板29、旋转支架30、4根结构相同的支撑柱31、右侧锁紧盘32、蜗轮33、右侧支撑架34、蜗杆35和蜗杆轴承座36组成。Referring to Fig. 6 to Fig. 8, the
所述的通用基架26中的旋转支架30是采用方形钢管加工(焊接)而成的U字形的框架结构件,即旋转支架30是由左旋转支架壁、右旋转支架壁与旋转支架底构成,左旋转支架壁与右旋转支架壁相互平行地安装在旋转支架底的两端并和旋转支架底垂直,左旋转支架壁与右旋转支架壁的横向对称面和旋转支架底的纵向对称面共面,之所以采用方形钢管目的是在保证通用基架26整体强度的情况下减轻其重量。旋转支架30的左旋转支架壁的左侧面上与右旋转支架壁的右侧面上安装有和左右侧面垂直的左旋转轴与右旋转轴,并通过螺钉将两侧的旋转轴安装在旋转支架30中的左旋转支架壁与右旋转支架壁上为固定连接,左旋转轴与右旋转轴保证在同一轴线上。旋转支架30中的旋转支架底面上为了安装力传感器38增加钢板,方便对其进行精加工,加强整个汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2的精度。The rotating
所述的通用基架26可以调整角度并且锁紧。旋转支架30上的左旋转轴与右旋转轴采用滚动轴承安装在左侧支撑架27和右侧支撑架34上为转动连接。左侧支撑架27和右侧支撑架34通过螺钉固定在试验台架3中的试验台面23上。通用基架26采用蜗轮蜗杆和蜗轮蜗杆传动不可逆原理实现对旋转支架30的旋转角度调整及自锁。蜗杆35一端(左端)加工成方头(四方体),便于装卸旋转扳手。旋转支架30的处于左侧支撑架27和右侧支撑架34外侧的左旋转轴与右旋转轴上套装有左侧锁紧盘28和右侧锁紧盘32,旋转支架30的左旋转轴与右旋转轴上加工键槽,左侧锁紧盘28和右侧锁紧盘32通过键定位在旋转支架30的左旋转轴与右旋转轴上,右侧锁紧盘32的右侧安装有蜗轮33,蜗轮33与通过蜗杆轴承座36安装在右侧支撑架34上的蜗杆35相啮合实现旋转支架30的角度调整,然后通过螺母将左旋转轴与右旋转轴上的左侧锁紧盘28与右侧锁紧盘32以及蜗轮33一起固定在旋转支架30上。再通过螺钉将旋转支架30上的左侧锁紧盘28与右侧锁紧盘32固定在左侧支撑架27和右侧支撑架34上实现旋转支架30的整体紧固,目的是消除蜗轮蜗杆之间存在的齿隙,增加汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2中的旋转支架30的稳定性。左侧锁紧盘28上刻有刻度,便于精确地控制旋转角度。The
所述的汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2中的通用基架26上的力传感器38的数量、布局和型号可根据实验要求变化,例如可适用一维拉压力传感器、二维拉压力传感器或三维拉压力传感器等。The quantity, layout and type of the
参阅图6、图7和图9,在汽车安全气囊静态展开反作用力试验中,力传感器38的布局尤为重要。不同汽车安全气囊对采力点要求也不同。为适应实验要求,通用基架26上设置了不同的力传感器安装点,根据实验要求和力传感器38的不同,对通用基架26进行改造或调整,就能适应实验的要求。例如将一个拉压力传感器布置在通用基架26的几何中心的单点力传感器38布局;也可以将力传感器38均布在围绕通用基架26几何中心的圆上的三点水平布局;如图6所示,采用力传感器38的四点水平布局;如图9所示,在通用基架26安装固定规定高度的附加支撑架37,采用力传感器38的空间布局。Referring to FIG. 6 , FIG. 7 and FIG. 9 , in the static deployment reaction force test of the automobile airbag, the layout of the
所述的汽车安全气囊展开时的反作用力为三维力。而不同汽车安全气囊实验对反作用力的测试要求不同,例如有些实验要求测试反作用力的法向力,有些则要求测试反作用力三个方向的分力。在通用基架26上设置有不同的安装位置用来安装专用安装定位架25和力传感器38以满足不同汽车安全气囊力学测试要求。专用安装定位架25与通用基架26的安装形式主要分为以下三种:第一种为导向轴安装,采用导向轴结构将专用安装定位架25、力传感器38螺纹固定安装在通用基架26上。当采用单导向轴中心定位结构时,导向轴上设置滑动键,对专用安装定位架25的绕Z轴旋转方向进行约束;第二种是组合定位块安装,将力传感器38通过螺钉固定在通用基架26上,专用安装定位架25置于力传感器38上,通过在通用基架26上设置定位块,约束专用安装定位架25的X和Y方向的自由度,将专用安装定位架25放置于力传感器38上;第三种是直接通过力传感器38中的螺纹结构将专用安装定位架25和通用基架26连接到一起。The reaction force when the automobile safety airbag is deployed is a three-dimensional force. Different automobile airbag experiments have different requirements for testing the reaction force. For example, some experiments require testing the normal force of the reaction force, while others require testing the components of the reaction force in three directions. Different installation positions are provided on the
参阅图5,为保证汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2的通用性和专用性,提高实验的仿真性。实验前,根据不同汽车安全气囊24的机械结构、实验要求、力传感器38的机械结构以及力传感器38在通用基架26上的布局,设计专用安装定位架25以适应安全气囊安装和夹紧。通过力传感器38在通用基架26上的安装位置,将专用安装定位架25安装在通用基架26上,调整通用基架26的角度,使安全气囊上表面保持水平,就完成了安全气囊的定位安装。当安全气囊展开时,反作用力通过专用安装定位架25传递到力传感器38上。图中表示了一种专用安装定位架25和通用基架26的安装实例。Referring to FIG. 5 , in order to ensure the versatility and specificity of the automobile airbag reaction force test device 2 , improve the simulation of the experiment. Before the experiment, according to the mechanical structure of
所述的汽车安全气囊反作用力测试装置2中的4个结构相同的支撑柱31的下端和左侧支撑架27和右侧支撑架34的顶端面螺纹连接,4个结构相同的支撑柱31的上端和气囊约束板29螺钉连接。气囊约束板29的两端加工有长条形通孔,使气囊约束板29可沿X方向运动,保证气囊约束板29与安全气囊上表面相对应。气囊约束板29用来对气囊袋的展开形状进行约束,模仿汽车仪表板,座椅等对气囊袋展开的影响。The lower ends of the 4 structurally identical support columns 31 in the described automobile airbag reaction force testing device 2 are screwed to the top ends of the left
参阅图10至图12,本实用新型所述的试验台机械部分中的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1由2个结构相同的底端定位板39、缓冲腔左侧板40、角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41、缓冲腔盖板42、加强定位板43、缓冲腔右侧板44、转轴45、加速度传感器46、定位板47、传感器支撑柱48、联轴器49、缓冲腔左侧轴承座50、缓冲腔右侧轴承座51、缓冲盖板52、定位块53、缓冲腔前板54和节流阀55组成。Referring to Fig. 10 to Fig. 12, the automobile airbag deployment speed and the acceleration test buffer device 1 in the mechanical part of the test bench described in the utility model are composed of 2
所述的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1主要有两方面功能,一方面是在气囊展开时,将气囊展开的初始角速度及初始加速度转化为缓冲盖板52翻转的角速度及加速度;另一方面是对缓冲盖板52及加速度传感器46起到缓冲保护功能,吸收缓冲盖板52在完成测试后的动能,保护缓冲盖板52和加速度传感器46的完整性,使实验具有重复可对比性。The described automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device 1 mainly have two aspects of functions, on the one hand, when the airbag is deployed, the initial angular velocity and initial acceleration of the airbag deployment are converted into the angular velocity and acceleration of the
所述的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1中的缓冲腔结构坚固紧凑且密闭性良好。缓冲盖板52为矩形的板类结构件,缓冲盖板52一长边处均布有锥形销钉通孔与安装螺钉的螺纹通孔,缓冲盖板52的中心处设置有安装加速度传感器46的螺纹通孔,缓冲盖板52采用轻质且坚固的金属构成,用来仿真汽车仪表盘上的气囊盖板。设计重量一般在3.0kg/m2~4.5kg/m2。推荐采用蜂窝铝板。The buffer chamber in the buffer device 1 for the automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test has a firm and compact structure and good airtightness. The
所述的缓冲腔左侧板40、缓冲腔盖板42、缓冲腔右侧板44和缓冲腔前板54为板类结构件,缓冲腔左侧板40与缓冲腔右侧板44结构相同,相互平行的结构相同的缓冲腔左侧板40与缓冲腔右侧板44的后窄端面和缓冲腔盖板42的内侧面螺钉连接,缓冲腔前板54和相互平行的结构相同的缓冲腔左侧板40与缓冲腔右侧板44的前窄端面螺钉连接,缓冲腔左侧板40、缓冲腔盖板42、缓冲腔右侧板44和缓冲腔前板54组成了汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1中的缓冲腔。缓冲腔中的缓冲腔盖板42的内侧面上横置有加强定位板43,提高缓冲腔的强度和装配精度。螺钉和销钉将缓冲盖板52和转轴45连为一体。转轴45通过安装在缓冲腔左侧板40与缓冲腔右侧板44上的缓冲腔左侧轴承座50、缓冲腔右侧轴承座51和2个结构相同的滚动轴承安装在缓冲腔中的缓冲腔前板54的顶端。采用滚动轴承减少了转轴45旋转产生的摩擦力,提高整个系统的测试精度。转轴45上沿轴向加工有用于插入缓冲盖板52一端的长槽,沿垂直长槽的槽壁方向加工有沉头螺纹通孔和锥形销钉通孔,用来将转轴45与缓冲盖板52链接为一个整体。转轴45的一端(左)加工成与联轴器49配合安装的联轴器轴,另一端加工成方头即四方体或六方体,用来安装扳手,作用是转动缓冲盖板52复位。缓冲腔前板54的上端位于缓冲盖板52的下方安装有定位块53,用来调整缓冲盖板52的初始位置,使其保持水平。缓冲腔的底端即缓冲腔左侧板40的左侧与缓冲腔右侧板44的右侧的地端采用螺栓安装有结构相同的底端定位板39,再采用螺栓通过底端定位板39将缓冲腔,确切地说,将汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1固定在升降台面5上。底端定位板39上加工有长条形通孔,使缓冲腔可以沿X方向移动,调整缓冲盖板52上的加速度传感器46与汽车安全气囊上表面测试点重合。汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1的底端安装在汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4顶端的升降台面5上,用来调整缓冲盖板52与汽车安全气囊上表面的距离。The
所述的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1中的角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41安装在转轴45左侧的定位板47上,角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41的输入端通过联轴器49与转轴45的左端相连,可以对缓冲盖板52旋转的角度及角速度进行测量。由于实验过程短,反应快,联轴器49一般采用刚性联轴器,保证角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41测试的同步性和快速性。定位板47通过螺钉固定在3个结构相同的传感器支撑柱48上。传感器支撑柱48一端加工内螺纹,另一端加工外螺纹,3个结构相同的传感器支撑柱48均布在以角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41的转轴中心为半径的外圆上,提高角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41与转轴45的同心度。传感器支撑柱48外螺纹一端可代替螺钉将缓冲腔左侧轴承座50固定在缓冲腔左侧板40上,使角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41的转轴与转轴45的旋转中心线重合。缓冲盖板52上安装加速度传感器46,用来测量缓冲盖板52的瞬时加速度。The angular velocity sensor (rotary encoder) 41 in the described automotive airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device 1 is installed on the
参阅图1,所述的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1中的缓冲盖板52与气囊约束板29组合,对汽车仪表板,座椅外表面进行仿真。实验的目的是模仿汽车安全气囊展开时冲破仪表板,推开气囊盖板展开的过程,添加气囊盖板,仪表板等外部因素对汽车安全气囊展开的影响,为汽车安全气囊的总体设计提供参数时。Referring to Fig. 1, the
所述的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1的工作过程如下:将缓冲盖板52转动到初始位置,调整汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1的X方向的位置并固定在升降台面5上,使缓冲盖板52上的加速度传感器46与安全气囊上表面中心点重合。缓冲盖板52与安全气囊上表面在Z轴方向上的间距可根据实验要求,通过汽车安全气囊静态展开升降装置4进行调整。当汽车安全气囊展开的瞬间,缓冲盖板52受到汽车安全气囊的气囊袋瞬间膨胀产生的冲击力,开始高速旋转。此时,加速度传感器46和角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41开始采集缓冲盖板52的加速度和角速度值。汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1中的缓冲盖板52的运动过程分为3个阶段,即测试阶段、缓冲阶段和回收阶段。测试阶段范围在0°-120°,此阶段模仿汽车仪表盘在汽车安全气囊展开时气囊盖板的运动过程,测试汽车安全气囊静态展开时气囊袋上关键点运动的初速度及加速度和缓冲盖板52受汽车安全气囊展开的冲击力后翻转的角速度及加速度。缓冲阶段在120°-180°,作用是吸收缓冲盖板52在完成测试后的动能,保护缓冲盖板52,利用腔内空气将缓冲盖板52的速度降低到零。回收阶段在180°-270°,缓冲盖板52受重力自由旋转下落,转动到最终位置。The working process of the described automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device 1 is as follows: the
缓冲腔前板54上安装有节流阀55,作用是在缓冲阶段通过控制缓冲腔排除气体的流量,调节缓冲腔内和缓冲腔外的气压差值,达到对缓冲盖板52的缓冲保护功能。A throttling
缓冲腔上的缓冲腔盖板42的圆弧圆心与缓冲腔上的缓冲盖板52的旋转圆心不同心,使缓冲盖板52相对于缓冲腔偏心旋转。缓冲盖板52运动的圆弧轨迹相对于缓冲腔盖板42的圆弧圆心形成一条阿基米德螺线,即缓冲盖板52与缓冲腔盖板42的间隙随旋转角度增大逐渐变小,这样更好的增强缓冲效果。The arc center of the buffer chamber cover 42 on the buffer chamber is not concentric with the rotation center of the
缓冲腔的设计尺寸、节流阀型号、缓冲腔与缓冲盖板的间隙及缓冲腔内外平衡压力差可通过以下一组流体力学计算公式换算得出。The design size of the buffer chamber, the throttle valve model, the gap between the buffer chamber and the buffer cover, and the balance pressure difference inside and outside the buffer chamber can be obtained through the following set of fluid mechanics calculation formulas.
缓冲盖板52在缓冲状态下旋转时,缓冲腔内气压的变化通过公式(1)得到:When the
P—腔内气体压强,单位.Pa;P—gas pressure in the cavity, unit.Pa;
V—腔内气体体积,单位.cm3;V—gas volume in the cavity, unit. cm 3 ;
T—腔内气体温度,单位.℃;T—gas temperature in the chamber, unit.°C;
K—常数K—constant
缓冲盖板52在缓冲状态下旋转时,缓冲腔能量的变化公式为:When the
Ek=∫ΔP·ΔV·dα (2)E k = ∫ΔP·ΔV·dα (2)
Ek—缓冲腔内的能量,单位.J;E k —energy in the buffer cavity, unit.J;
ΔP-缓冲腔的气压变化值,单位.Pa;ΔP-the air pressure change value of the buffer chamber, unit.Pa;
ΔV-缓冲腔内体积变化值,单位.mm3;ΔV-volume change value in the buffer cavity, unit. mm 3 ;
α-缓冲盖板的旋转角度,单位.Rad;α-rotation angle of buffer cover, unit. Rad;
缓冲盖板52在缓冲状态下旋转时,缓冲腔气孔流量的变化公式为:When the
q-气体流量,单位.m3/h;q-gas flow rate, unit.m 3 /h;
Cd-流量系数C d - discharge coefficient
A0—排气孔面积,单位.m2A 0 —area of exhaust hole, unit.m2
Δp—腔体内外压力差,单位.Pa;Δp—pressure difference inside and outside the cavity, unit.Pa;
ρ—气体密度,单位.kg/m3;ρ—gas density, unit. kg/m 3 ;
所述的汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1的缓冲原理:The buffer principle of the described automobile airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device 1:
整个汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1主体部分相当于一个蓄能器,将缓冲盖板52的动能转化为气体压缩能。压缩气体通过缓冲腔前部的排气孔排出,消耗缓冲腔内的气体压缩能,降低缓冲盖板52的速度。使缓冲盖板52在运动到最终位置时,动能减少到不会破坏缓冲盖板52。缓冲腔内气体压强变化值可通过公式(1)求出,并通过公式(2)求出缓冲腔内的压缩能,并辅以能量守恒定律建立能量平衡公式,平衡压缩能、动能及其损耗热能之间的关系,最后通过公式(3)可计算出缓冲腔内外气体压强达到理想效果时所需要排气孔的尺寸。通过以上方程可计算出汽车安全气囊展开速度及加速度测试缓冲装置1中缓冲腔的相关设计参数。并可根据试验要求的不同,对缓冲腔中的节流阀55进行调整,保证整个装置的安全性和准确性。The main part of the entire vehicle airbag deployment speed and acceleration test buffer device 1 is equivalent to an accumulator, which converts the kinetic energy of the
参阅图13,本实用新型所述的数据图像采集分析控制部分在功能上可分为气囊控制部分、高速图像采集部分和数据采集处理部分。主要由工控机、多通道同步数据采集卡、信号调理模块、力传感器38、角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41、加速度传感器46、引爆装置、控制器、高速摄像机及应用软件组成。Referring to Fig. 13, the data and image acquisition and analysis control part of the utility model can be divided into an airbag control part, a high-speed image acquisition part and a data acquisition and processing part functionally. It is mainly composed of industrial computer, multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card, signal conditioning module,
所述的汽车安全气囊控制部分由控制器和工控机组成,作用是控制汽车安全气囊的引爆装置、高速摄像机和多通道同步数据采集卡、协调各模块的工作;高速图像采集部分主要是由高速摄像机组成,负责采集实验的图像数据;数据采集处理部分主要由多通道同步数据采集卡、信号调理模块、工控机和应用软件组成,作用是完成数据采集、分析和保存。Described automobile airbag control part is made up of controller and industrial computer, and effect is to control the detonating device of automobile airbag, high-speed video camera and multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card, coordinate the work of each module; The camera is responsible for collecting the image data of the experiment; the data acquisition and processing part is mainly composed of multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card, signal conditioning module, industrial computer and application software, which is used to complete data acquisition, analysis and storage.
所述的数据图像采集分析控制部分可实现对汽车安全气囊和高速摄像机的控制以及数据采集分析处理。由于整个静态展开时间极短(ms级),汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台采用多通道同步高速数据采集技术,可同时对多个信号进行高速同步采集及瞬间分析,保证实验数据的准确性和实时性。The data and image collection, analysis and control part can realize the control of the automobile safety airbag and the high-speed camera, as well as the data collection, analysis and processing. Due to the extremely short static deployment time (ms level), the automotive airbag comprehensive test bench adopts multi-channel synchronous high-speed data acquisition technology, which can simultaneously perform high-speed synchronous acquisition and instantaneous analysis of multiple signals to ensure the accuracy and real-time of experimental data. sex.
本实用新型所述的汽车安全气囊综合测试试验台的工作原理:The operating principle of the automobile safety airbag comprehensive test test bench described in the utility model:
当实验开始时,通过工控机上的人机交互界面向控制器下达指令,此时控制器将同时向高速摄像机和多通道同步数据采集卡发送触发信号,启动摄像机进行预拍摄,驱动A/D电路进行采样。接着控制器在5ms后自动向引爆装置发送触发信号,向安全气囊的气体发生器发出一个触发脉冲,启动安全气囊,开始试验。高速摄像机将完成整个实验中的图像采集;汽车安全气囊的反作用力、缓冲盖板的角速度及加速度通过角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41与加速度传感器46完成采集。角速度传感器(旋转编码器)41与加速度传感器46产生的模拟信号传送到信号调理模块中,调理模块将完成信号放大、滤波等,并将采集的信号转换成采集卡能够识别的标准信号传送到多通道同步数据采集卡中。多通道同步数据采集卡同时将多个标准信号转换成数字量并传递到工控机中进行分析处理,并自动保存数据及生成实验报告。当试验结束后,控制器自动向高速摄像机发送信号,终止摄像机工作。When the experiment starts, an instruction is given to the controller through the human-computer interaction interface on the industrial computer. At this time, the controller will send a trigger signal to the high-speed camera and the multi-channel synchronous data acquisition card at the same time, start the camera for pre-shooting, and drive the A/D circuit. Take a sample. Then the controller automatically sends a trigger signal to the detonator after 5ms, sends a trigger pulse to the gas generator of the safety airbag, starts the safety airbag, and starts the test. The high-speed camera will complete the image collection throughout the experiment; the reaction force of the automobile airbag, the angular velocity and acceleration of the buffer cover are collected through the angular velocity sensor (rotary encoder) 41 and the
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Cited By (7)
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CN102788705A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-21 | 吉林大学 | Test bench for comprehensive test of automotive safety airbag |
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CN102788705A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-21 | 吉林大学 | Test bench for comprehensive test of automotive safety airbag |
CN102788705B (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-12-24 | 吉林大学 | Test bench for comprehensive test of automotive safety airbag |
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