Background technology
Biogas technology is a main technology of biological cycle, uses this technology that rural area feces of livestock and poultry and agricultural crop straw are transformed on the spot.This The Application of Technology result has handled on the one hand rubbish, can be converted into the clean energy and organic fertilizer simultaneously again, for resource reutilization and social sustainable development provide the best techniques support.By 700,000,000 tons of national organic waste output (in siccative), can produce biogas 2,100 hundred million M
3, simultaneously can produce 500,000,000 tons of fertilizers, just people live and the waste of production provides the best-of-breed technology measure in order to handle with least cost and high benefit ground for this, for resource regeneration and social sustainable development provide technical guarantee.
Tradition biogas technology situation:
Existing domestic biogas technology; Still rest on the technological phase of lower concentration, poor efficiency, its main drawback is following: what 1, the traditional methane tank technology adopted is the lower concentration zymotechnique, and solid content is low; Material concentration is only operation about 6% generally, and production efficiency is low; Have defective on the structure, digestion is incomplete, and gas producing efficiency is low.
2, wet fermentation power consumption is high; Summer, power consumption was that self is energy-producing more than 30%, and winter, power consumption was that self is energy-producing more than 50%, this just big limitations ordinary production and the energy utilization of biogas at north of china in winter.
3, present wet type biogas pond is still pass by the original shape of little biogas and is amplified, and the pond body is vertical circle, and charging and the flow process property of slagging tap are poor, and digestibility is low, also has difficult problems such as insulation difficulty, the husky difficulty of row and top junction lid to fail solution.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of heating that need not, insulation, transport expense low with natural pond liquid measure few and broad-minded efficient methane production technique in production natural pond and methane-generating pit, it is less or need carry out the methane-generating pit of multiple tank integrated mode to be used for relative scale.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model; A kind of methane-generating pit that utilizes feces of livestock and poultry is proposed; Said methane-generating pit is from warm horizontal pond; Whole methane-generating pit is flat to crouch under horizontal plane; Be provided with partition wall in the middle of the said methane-generating pit; Whole methane-generating pit is divided into a plurality of unit methane-generating pit, is communicated with by the medium channel that on partition wall, is provided with between the said unit methane-generating pit;
Said methane-generating pit periphery top is provided with annular fermenter, and annular fermenter inboard is provided with many super heat-conductive pipes, and said super heat-conductive pipe inserts in the methane-generating pit;
Said methane-generating pit two ends are provided with opening for feed and discharge port respectively; Said opening for feed and discharge port are separately positioned on the methane-generating pit below, unit at methane-generating pit two ends, and each methane-generating pit top, unit is provided with the collecting methane device, and the collecting methane device utilizes pipeline to lead directly to gas-holder.
Said partition wall is formed by two stifled sandwich walls; What be provided with on Vertical Channel that said medium channel is formed by said two stifled sandwich walls and the partition wall constitutes discharge orifice up and down; Saidly up and down discharge orifice is opened respectively in the above and below of two walls, on the partition wall width, be symmetrical set a plurality of discharge orifice.
Two stifled sandwich walls of said partition wall are at interval between 150-350mm, and said aperture to discharge orifice is between 30mm-100mm.
Four angles of said annular fermenter are designed to circular arc, in the said annular fermenter stack turner are set.
Said annular fermenter inboard is provided with many super heat-conductive pipes, and said super heat-conductive pipe inserts in the methane-generating pit, and said annular fermenter below is provided with sudden and violent gas Chi Fengjikou.
Add a cover hydraulic pressure whisking appliance and corresponding thrust-augmenting nozzle in said each unit methane-generating pit, become one to each unit methane-generating pit and independently stir and fermenting space.
Said hydraulic pressure whisking appliance uses the slag stock pump, is fixed on the water sucking mouth that the methane-generating pit top is provided with, and said thrust-augmenting nozzle is aligned to the methane-generating pit bottom from the methane-generating pit top along wall, arranges the water outlet of thrust-augmenting nozzle in a clockwise direction.
Pressing stirring-type from potential temperature is that material concentration is high from the characteristics of deslagging methane-generating pit; The input concentration of continous way methane-generating pit can reach about 15%; This new technology methane-generating pit collection " charging, slag tap, aerogenesis, stirring, temperature control, modulation " etc. is one; Have advantages such as mechanization degree height, treatment capacity is big, digestion rate is fast, can satisfy the large-scale production requirement.
Present technique scheme advantage is following:
(1) this technology has solved " the high gravity fermentation continuous production need be heated " problem, and material concentration can reach more than 15%, and concentration is 2.5 times of former technology, and gas producing efficiency is 5 times of former technology; Slag water ratio in natural pond is low in addition, is convenient to natural pond slag production composite fertilizer operation.
(2) solving high gravity fermentation needs energy consumption, only is about 15% of self-produced energy in north power consumption in summer, and winter, power consumption was self-produced energy about 25%, and it is supporting to need not insulation and methane boiler, can guarantee that north of china in winter normally moves.In the time of the consumption of the good saving energy and the investment of fixed capital, also separate the production cost and the labor force that have lacked enterprise.
(3) this methane-generating pit is horizontal rectangular structure, is regardless of the position and presses pond, fermentation vat and go out slag bath one endfeed one end automatic overflow deslagging, has big, simple and convenient, the advantages such as digestibility is high, continuous operation of treatment capacity, can satisfy the large-scale production requirement.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the utility model is clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment and conjunction with figs., to the utility model further explain.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are respectively the vertical planning drawing and the plats of the methane-generating pit of the utility model biogas production technology use.As shown in the figure, the methane-generating pit of the utility model is a kind of from warm horizontal pond, and whole methane-generating pit is flat to crouch under horizontal plane, imbeds undergroundly, is convenient to the insulation of input and output material and methane-generating pit, save energy, raising biogas output.
In the middle of methane-generating pit, establish partition, in a methane-generating pit, can do several partitions, whole methane-generating pit utilizes partition wall 1 to be divided into a plurality of unit cells, and present embodiment uses partition wall 1 to be divided into 3 relatively independent unit methane-generating pits.
What be provided with on passage that partition wall 1 is formed by two parallel walls and the partition wall 1 constitutes discharge orifice 8,9 up and down, up and down discharge orifice 8,9 is opened the correspondence position up and down at two walls respectively, on width, is symmetrical set a plurality of to discharge orifice.Present embodiment is established a plurality of to discharge orifice respectively at the correspondence position up and down of two walls, the aperture is between 30mm-100mm.
When the medium in the methane-generating pit is in same level, is stirring or be can mobile during fermentation, when the medium of charging opening was higher than when gas pond horizontal plane, medium will flow to discharge port 6 directions.The passage that partition wall 1 has between the unit cells to discharge orifice Vertical Channel formation medium; Make the medium in the unit cells can one-way flow; That is, under the feed pressure effect, according to flowing to contiguous next unit methane-generating pit from a unit methane-generating pit from the direction of opening for feed 5 to discharge port 6.
The methane-generating pit of the utility model adopts layering partition, the whole connection, becomes one to each partition and independently stirs and fermenting space, can fuse all partitions again.Solved large methane tank in biogas fermentation, temperature is inconsistent and stir a uneven difficult problem up and down.
Whole methane-generating pit periphery top is provided with annular fermenter 3, in annular fermenter 3, stack turner 10 is set, and four angles of annular fermenter 3 are designed to circular arc, is convenient to stack turner 10 moving in annular fermenter 3; Annular fermenter 3 inboards are provided with many super heat-conductive pipes 4, and super heat-conductive pipe 4 inserts in the methane-generating pit, and annular fermenter 3 belows are provided with sudden and violent gas pond blower fan mouth 11, are convenient to oxygenation in fermenter, control the temperature of annular fermenter 3.
In annular fermenter 3, carry out aerobic fermentation; The Btu utilization super heat-conductive pipe 4 that aerobic fermentation produced imports methane-generating pit; For the biogas anaerobic fermentation that carries out in the methane-generating pit provides institute's heat requirement; This device organically combines slot type aerobic fermentation and biogas anaerobic fermentation, uses super heat-conductive pipe 4 technology again, fully is transformed into the heat that is produced in the aerobic fermentation in the anaerobically fermenting.This technology has effectively solved the difficult problem that biogas need be heated in cold district and production in winter.
The opening for feed 5 and the discharge port 6 of methane-generating pit is separately positioned on the methane-generating pit below, unit at methane-generating pit two ends, and each unit cells top is provided with collecting methane device 7, and collecting methane device 7 utilizes pipeline to lead directly to gas-holder.
Fig. 3 is a methane-generating pit whipping appts vertical planning drawing; As shown in the figure; In each unit methane-generating pit, adding a cover hydraulic pressure whisking appliance 12 and corresponding thrust-augmenting nozzle 2; Become one to each unit methane-generating pit and independently stir and fermenting space, solved in the biogas fermentation, up and down inconsistent the and uneven difficult problem of fermenting of temperature.
Hydraulic pressure whisking appliance 12 uses the slag stock pump; A nominal hour flow is decided with the size of fermentation vat; Hydraulic pressure whisking appliance 12 is fixed on the water sucking mouth that the methane-generating pit top is provided with, and thrust-augmenting nozzle 2 is aligned to the methane-generating pit bottom from the methane-generating pit top along wall, utilizes thrust-augmenting nozzle 2 to introduce four jiaos of places in the pond to pump liquid.Arrange the water outlet of thrust-augmenting nozzle 2 in a clockwise direction; The slag stock pump imports the high medium of temperature at the bottom of the pond, and corresponding water outlet CW is arranged, under pressure; Medium can rotate stirring in the direction of the clock, and temperature evenly reaches the rotation stirring and can not stay the dead angle up and down.
Technical process:
This flow process was a fermentative prodn cycle with 21 days, designed 3 unit methane-generating pits.
1, at first, reinforced at annular fermenter 3, reinforced amount be a unit methane-generating pit feeding quantity 1/3; Carry out the slot type aerobic fermentation, the fermentation heating produces heat, utilizes super heat-conductive pipe 4 to carry to methane-generating pit;
2, use the timing of stack turner 10 in annular fermenter 3 to move, fully stir fermentation media;
3, through 11 oxygenations in annular fermenter 3 of sudden and violent gas pond blower fan mouth, the control leavening temperature is at 60-70 ℃;
4, through behind 7 days aerobic fermentations, the media in the annular fermenter 3 are taken out, simultaneously, add virgin materials at annular fermenter 3, repeat the fermentation flow process of above-mentioned annular fermenter 3;
5, the medium of the taking-up in the annular fermenter 3 again with the material of a biogas unit cells feeding quantity 2/3 together, add first biogas unit cells through opening for feed 5, carry out anaerobically fermenting;
5, through behind 7 days the anaerobically fermenting; Repeat above-mentioned reinforced process through opening for feed 5 again; The medium through 7 days anaerobically fermentings in the first biogas unit cells is clamp-oned second biogas unit cells, and the first biogas unit cells repeats first anaerobically fermenting of 7 days circulation;
6, per 7 days loop cycles, the flow process of fermenting in proper order successively, at last at the medium of the 3rd unit cells through 3 * 7=21 days, accomplish the flow process of anaerobically fermenting, medium flows out from discharge port 6;
7, in the process of biogas unit cells anaerobically fermenting, utilize hydraulic pressure whisking appliance 12 regularly to stir, simultaneously, the heat that produces in the annular fermenter 3 is transported in the methane-generating pit through super heat-conductive pipe 4;
8, the biogas of biogas unit cells generation is transported to gas-holder through collecting methane device 7.
Methane-generating pit is the core building of biogas engineering, and the horizontal high density methane-generating pit that the utility model uses relatively sees the following form with the performance of the vertical lower concentration methane-generating pit of using always:
Table 1
Take all factors into consideration factors such as characteristics and material feature and the local climate of two kinds of pond types be colder, because material concentration is high, need not heating from warm horizontal pond, insulation, transport expense low with advantages such as liquid measure few gas production rate in natural pond is big.
Material is selected, and is the monomer large methane tank of Reinforced Concrete Materials; Glass-reinforced plastic material in addition, it is less or need the multiple tank integrated mode to be used for relative scale, or selects when because of material particular requirement being arranged.
Embodiment
(1) industrial scale.Day to handle 300M
3The scale of feces of livestock and poultry is a design objective, and ight soil concentration is in 20%, and then solid substance is 60 tons, and solid substance per ton can produce biogas 300M
3, then produce biogas 1.8 ten thousand M daily
3, produce biogas 6,480,000 M per year
3
(2) methane-generating pit number: design 10 unit methane-generating pits, according to day handling feces of livestock and poultry 300M
3, material concentration is in 20%, solid substance heavily is 60 tons, with the preparation of 15% material concentration, then is 400 tons, with 20 days be one-period, then total stuff amount is 8000M
3, every pool volume is 800M
3
(3) the natural pond slag subtract vector in 30% of total amount, then be 60 * 70%=42T, account for 50% according to the compoiste fertilizer prescription natural pond quantity of slag, then can produce mixed organic manure 84T daily, produce fertile 30,000 tons of compound per year.
(4) natural pond liquid fertilizer: with the ratio output of total amount 20%, then day can be produced 80 tons, and producing natural pond liquid fertilizer amount per year is 2.9 ten thousand tons.
(5) table 2 is seen in the civil engineering budget, and electric power is equipped with 200 kilowatts.
Table 2
With preferred embodiment openly as above they are not to be used for limiting the utility model though the utility model is own, and the content that the protection domain of the utility model should be defined with the application's claim protection domain is as the criterion.Anyly have the knack of present technique field person, in spirit that does not break away from the utility model and scope, various variations of being done or be equal to replacement all should belong to the protection domain of the utility model.