CN202508708U - Elevator evacuation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an elevator evacuation system. The elevator evacuation system includes: Zigbee wireless detectors, which are distributed and arranged at each fire detection node to detect fire information; Data communication between the Zigbee wireless detector and the elevator controller; the elevator controller communicates with the elevator wireless terminal, and controls the elevator to operate in the evacuation mode according to the communication protocol of the elevator evacuation system; the fire control center communicates with the elevator wireless terminal through a wireless network to view in real time The working status of the elevator or intervene to direct the operation of the elevator. The utility model is based on the blank point of modern fire-fighting technology, and according to the characteristics of high-rise buildings using elevators for evacuation and escape, it realizes that the elevator enters the fire-fighting operation mode according to the evacuation strategy in a fire environment, and achieves the purpose of early warning, alarm, evacuation and rescue.

Description

elevator evacuation system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electronic communication, relates to an elevator system, in particular to an elevator evacuation system.

Background technique

In the traditional high-rise building fire monitoring system, most of the current detectors use wired mode and signal transmission in the form of bus system. In the event of a fire, the bus and detectors are easily burned, making it impossible to obtain the fire scene and subsequent detection data. In a sense, the traditional fire monitoring system only plays an alarm role, which greatly limits the scientific judgment of the command center and firefighters on the fire level and fire trend spread. As for the use of elevators to escape in a fire state, it has lagged behind due to long-standing legal restrictions. The existing relevant fire-fighting regulations have not been matched and updated in time according to the high development of modern urban construction technology, resulting in the elevator carrier that is most suitable for evacuation in case of fire not playing its due role.

Most of the smoke temperature detection system and toxic gas detection system in the traditional high-rise building fire monitoring system use wired alarms. They do not use wired and wireless fusion methods, nor are they integrated into the elevator carrying equipment system in the building, so they have considerable limitations. The disadvantages are: the wired wiring method has a large amount of engineering, cumbersome bus, insufficient redundancy, lack of mobility, and cannot dynamically monitor mobile devices in the building, and the scalability is poor; for example: the number of detectors is limited to within 1024 , can no longer adapt to the construction of an elevator evacuation escape system under the fire condition of a high-rise building.

Utility model content

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an elevator evacuation system, which fills the blank of modern fire protection technology, and achieves the purpose of early warning, alarm, evacuation and rescue of high-rise fires.

In order to achieve the above purpose and other related purposes, the utility model provides an elevator evacuation system.

A kind of elevator evacuation system, described elevator evacuation system comprises Zigbee wireless detector, in order to control the elevator wireless terminal of elevator operation, elevator controller, fire control center; Described Zigbee wireless detector is distributed in each fire detection node, uses to detect fire information; the elevator wireless terminal communicates with the Zigbee wireless detector through the Zigbee elevator wireless network, in order to coordinate the data communication between each Zigbee wireless detector and the elevator controller; the elevator controller communicates with the elevator The wireless terminal is connected in communication to control the elevator to run in the evacuation mode according to the elevator evacuation system communication protocol; the fire control center is connected to the elevator wireless terminal through a wireless network to check the working status of the elevator in real time or follow the elevator evacuation communication The protocol intervenes to direct the operation of the elevator.

As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the Zigbee wireless detector is arranged in each elevator machine room, floor, hoistway, elevator front room and elevator car.

As another preferred solution of the present utility model, the Zigbee wireless detectors arranged on floors, elevator machine rooms and elevator cars are connected to the fire control center through a Zigbee wireless network.

As another preferred solution of the present utility model, the Zigbee wireless detector includes a sensing detector, a Zigbee module, and a power module; the sensing detector is connected to the Zigbee module in communication; The sensing detector is connected with the Zigbee module; the sensing detector includes a temperature sensing detector and a smoke sensing detector.

As another preferred solution of the present utility model, the elevator wireless terminal includes a CPU, an Ethernet interface, an elevator controller interface, an RS485 interface, and a Zigbee module; the CPU communicates with the Zigbee wireless detector through the RS485 interface and the Zigbee module communication; the CPU communicates with the elevator controller through the elevator controller interface; the CPU communicates with the fire control center through the Ethernet interface.

As another preferred solution of the present utility model, the communication protocol of the elevator evacuation system is based on the communication packet, and the communication method is implemented as a basic communication unit with one response and one answer; the communication packet includes communication mode, packet text Structure; the packet structure includes packet head mark, packet serial number, packet type, data length, packet data, check digit; the packet head mark is used to indicate the sender of the communication packet; the The serial number of the said packet is maintained by the sender and is incremented sequentially, and the packet serial number of the response packet of the receiver in a basic communication unit is the same as the packet serial number of the communication packet of the sender; the packet type It is used to indicate whether it is a response packet or an instruction packet; the packet data is used to indicate the specific content of the communication packet; the data length is used to indicate the total byte length occupied by the packet data and the check digit.

As another preferred solution of the present utility model, the specific content of the evacuation mode is: utilize the threshold of the Zigbee wireless detector to set the safety level; different safety levels are provided with different safety evacuation procedures; the safety evacuation procedures include There are two evacuation methods, uplink and downlink; the uplink evacuation method is: the elevator returns to the uplink evacuation base station for evacuation from the safe initial evacuation floor, and returns to the uplink evacuation base station for evacuation; Return to the downlink evacuation base station for evacuation; during the evacuation process, the elevator does not stop at the fire floor and the elevator forbidden floor adjacent to the fire floor, and does not respond to internal and external call signals from other floors.

As another preferred solution of the present invention, no matter what evacuation operation mode the elevator adopts or what floor it is on, it will accept manual intervention instructions from the fire control center and perform relevant operations according to the instructions.

As another preferred solution of the present invention, the communication mode between the elevator wireless terminal and the elevator controller is full-duplex communication.

As another preferred solution of the present utility model, the fire control center communicates with external networking equipment through the Internet.

As mentioned above, the elevator evacuation system described in the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The utility model realizes the evacuation protocol communication between the elevator wireless terminal and the elevator controller, and the elevator wireless terminal transmits various operating states of the elevator to the fire control center in real time, so as to meet the fire control center issuing related evacuation to the elevator under the high-rise building fire state. Instructions; this utility model is based on the blank point of modern fire protection technology, and according to the characteristics of high-rise buildings using elevators for evacuation and escape, a number of protocol regulations and command settings are made for the elevator control system and operation mode, so that the elevator enters the fire protection operation according to the evacuation strategy in the fire environment Mode, to achieve the purpose of early warning, alarm, evacuation and rescue.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the elevator evacuation system described in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the elevator wireless terminal described in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the interface of the elevator wireless terminal described in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of the elevator wireless terminal in the evacuation mode.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present utility model is described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. The utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the utility model.

Please refer to attached picture. It should be noted that the diagrams provided in this embodiment are only schematically illustrating the basic concept of the utility model, and only the components related to the utility model are shown in the diagrams rather than the number of components, Shape and size drawing, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed arbitrarily during actual implementation, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.

Example

The present embodiment provides a kind of elevator evacuation system, as shown in Figure 1, described elevator evacuation system comprises Zigbee wireless detector, in order to control the elevator wireless terminal of elevator operation, elevator controller, fire control center; The Zigbee wireless detection Devices are distributed and arranged at each fire detection node to detect fire information; the elevator wireless terminal communicates with the Zigbee wireless detector through the Zigbee elevator wireless network to coordinate the data communication between each Zigbee wireless detector and the elevator controller The elevator controller communicates with the elevator wireless terminal to control the elevator to operate in the evacuation mode according to the elevator evacuation system communication protocol; the fire control center communicates with the elevator wireless terminal through a wired/wireless network, using Check the working status of the early warning and alarm elevator in real time or intervene and command the operation of the elevator in accordance with the elevator evacuation communication protocol.

Each part of the elevator evacuation system is described in detail below.

【Zigbee Wireless Detector】

The Zigbee wireless detector includes a sensor detector, a Zigbee module, and a power module; the sensor detector is connected to the Zigbee module in communication; the power module is connected to the sensor detector and the Zigbee module respectively. The Zigbee module is responsible for collecting relevant data and communication; the power supply module includes a battery, a battery charging circuit and a power supply, usually works by an external power supply and charges the battery, and switches to battery work once the external power supply fails.

The Zigbee wireless detector collects the data of each sensor through the wired method, detects whether the wired communication is abnormal, and automatically switches to the wireless method when the wired communication or the sensor is abnormal, and continues to execute and collect the data of each sensor through the wireless method; the Zigbee wireless detector will also The collected sensor data and the working status of each sensor are transmitted to the fire control center; the Zigbee wireless detector also monitors the data of each sensor according to the working parameter configuration, and sends the information of abnormal floor conditions exceeding the maximum threshold to the elevator controller. At present, most of the applications of Zigbee industrial control technology use radio frequency chips and embedded single-chip microcomputers to realize wireless data collection based on Zigbee. In the utility model, due to the docking of the Zigbee communication interface board and the detector communication protocol, joint debugging between hardware can be realized, and the Zigbee wireless data acquisition technology can be more freely applied.

The Zigbee module is based on the Zigbee module under the Zigbee2007/PRO protocol framework, and is also a single-chip solution specially for IEEE802.15.4 and Zigbee applications. The Zigbee module under the Zigbee2007/PRO protocol framework is economical and low power consumption, can provide a link quality of 101dB, has excellent receiver sensitivity and super anti-interference, and supports Zigbee/Zigbee PRO, Zigbee RF4CE, 6LoWPAN, WirelessHART And all other solutions based on IEEE802.15.4 standard, so it has good compatibility and scalability.

In practical applications, Zigbee wireless detectors are used as information collection nodes and can be set as follows:

1) Arrange Zigbee wireless detectors at each fire detection point in the floor;

All Zigbee wireless detectors on the floor can form a collection network system, which can manage the data of joining and exiting Zigbee wireless detector nodes. When creating a new transmission network, the system can record the type and address of each node in the network, and associate each node with a specific fire detection point, so that the system can operate a single node or accurately determine where the abnormal node is located when the network is abnormal. geographical location.

The elevator evacuation system described in the utility model can monitor the working status of each node in the network in real time. When any node in the system has a network failure or an abnormal state, the system can detect and repair it in time, ensuring the reliability of the network.

2) The sensor detectors may include temperature detectors and smoke detectors, and may also include other required types of sensor detectors. The wireless smoke detector node is the layout node of the temperature sensor or smoke sensor, which is distributed in the elevator machine room, shaft, corridor, elevator front room, elevator car (the car is an independent space, which is related to the evacuation of passengers, Therefore, it is necessary to install Zigbee wireless detectors to monitor the temperature and smoke in real time) and other places to form a local interconnection network to detect the temperature or smoke concentration parameters of the environment.

Because the Zigbee wireless detectors deployed at the node positions of wireless smoke temperature detectors include Zigbee modules and power modules, each Zigbee wireless detectors form a Zigbee wireless network to form a data acquisition system. The data acquisition system feeds back various fire alarms and fire information to the fire control center in real time. According to the layout position of the detector nodes, the Zigbee wireless collection system in the elevator shaft, the Zigbee wireless collection system in the elevator front room, the Zigbee wireless collection system on each floor and the bridging system between corridors can be formed.

Setting relevant thresholds for Zigbee wireless detectors arranged in different positions in the building can facilitate each detector to transmit fire alarm and alarm information (such as temperature value, temperature threshold; smoke refractive index, smoke refractive threshold, or CO concentration) through the wireless network. , toxic gas concentration, etc.) are sent to the fire control center in time, and the corresponding evacuation strategy, evacuation level and elevator evacuation mode are started in due course.

Since the Zigbee network is multi-point access, in a network without beacons, as long as the channel is vacant, other nodes are allowed to participate in the transmission or data relay transmission at any time, which highlights the advantages of the Zigbee network in the fire environment. The various Zigbee wireless acquisition systems adopted in the utility model actually jointly form a large-scale Zigbee wireless acquisition system in a high-rise building. In terms of network design, according to the structure of the building and the characteristics of the Zigbee network, it can usually be designed as a star network or a point-to-point network, and a targeted network structure can also be designed according to the evacuation strategy. Because in each wireless network composed of Zigbee, the 64bit long address code has a larger network capacity, which satisfies point-to-point (30-70 meters) wireless data transmission and better star network data transmission. In each node, in addition to knowing the network address of each collection node according to the Zigbee characteristics, the utility model can also transmit various fire warning and evacuation commands to the elevator through the elevator wireless terminal.

The data collection of the Zigbee wireless detectors includes the collection of various main parameters such as the threshold value of each detector, environmental dynamic data, scene setting parameters, and historical records. When a fire alarm occurs, these parameter data are dynamically uploaded to the elevator wireless terminal through the Zigbee wireless network, and then uploaded to the fire control center by the elevator wireless terminal through the wireless network.

Based on the information transmission requirements in the elevator evacuation dynamic early warning, the utility model connects each Zigbee interface board with the Zigbee wireless detector through the RS485 interface; The detector also has unimpeded wireless communication capability. Since the IEEE802.15.4 access layer data packet has a maximum length of 127 bytes, and each data is composed of a header byte and a 16-bit CRC value, the aforementioned elevator wireless terminal can establish an address table after receiving the network address of the Zigbee wireless detector It is stored to be checked, which facilitates the setting and retrieval of fire scenes, and collects the data of each Zigbee wireless detector according to the address table and obtains more information about the detector, the dynamic data of the detector environment, and the parameters of the detector network scene.

【Elevator Wireless Terminal】

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, described elevator wireless terminal comprises: CPU (ARM processor), memory, FLASH, Zigbee module, RS485 interface, elevator voice system, elevator controller interface, GPRS module, wireless network module, power supply module etc.; described wireless network module can adopt wireless local area network module, and its interface is Ethernet interface; Described CPU is connected with described Zigbee wireless detector by RS485 interface and Zigbee module; Described CPU is connected with all by elevator controller interface The elevator controller is connected in communication; the CPU is connected in communication with the fire control center through an Ethernet interface. The power supply module includes a battery, a battery charging circuit and a power supply. Usually, the external power supply works and charges the battery. Once the external power supply fails, it will switch to the battery to work.

The elevator wireless terminal is an intelligent communication terminal based on the integration of wireless mobile technology, computer network, database, WEB server and other technologies. Through protocol exchange, the elevator wireless terminal can be interconnected with the elevator controller, Zigbee wireless detector and other systems. In order to realize the interconnection with the temperature and smoke detector, the elevator wireless terminal is connected with the wired and wireless interface of the Zigbee interface board of the Zigbee wireless detector through the RS485 interface in the peripheral interface processing; through the RS232 interface, the elevator wireless terminal is interconnected with the elevator controller. Elevator wireless terminal hardware can use ARM processor, 8M byte SDRAM, 2M byte NOR FLASH module; equipped with CAN bus, RS422/RS485/RS232 and other interfaces, used to connect various elevator controllers, detectors and other industrial grade Control System. In the specific design, it is equipped with 7 A/D interfaces for connecting various detectors, and it is also equipped with a backup battery charging circuit and an automatic switching circuit. When expanding development, it can be equipped with camera interface and large-capacity NAND FLASH (electronic hard disk), etc. The hardware structure can be seen in Figure 2.

An elevator wireless terminal, multiple Zigbee wireless detector nodes, as well as elevator controllers and fire control centers constitute a wireless transmission system. The elevator wireless terminal is responsible for coordinating the data communication between the detector nodes and the elevator controller, realizing the wireless communication based on the Zigbee communication protocol and the evacuation protocol communication with the elevator controller. As the transfer station of the entire system information, the elevator wireless terminal needs to transmit the temperature and smoke parameters of each Zigbee wireless detector node, realize the information communication with the fire control center, and receive the elevator dispatching instructions from the fire control center and feed them back to the elevator control device. In addition, the elevator wireless terminal receives the elevator operation data from the elevator controller, and realizes the information communication management with the fire control center.

In practical applications, the elevator wireless terminal is placed in the elevator machine room and connected to the elevator controller. Once entering the fire evacuation early warning stage, the elevator controller starts the "Elevator Evacuation System Communication Protocol" program to make the elevator run according to the evacuation mode; the operation process of the elevator in the evacuation mode can refer to the flow chart shown in Figure 4, but is not limited to this process.

The elevator wireless terminal has the following functions:

1. The elevator wireless terminal accepts the data transmission from the Zigbee elevator wireless network and each Zigbee wireless detector in the Zigbee network, and according to each threshold setting, automatically judges and directs the elevator to operate in accordance with the rules of the "Elevator Evacuation System Communication Protocol" to achieve early warning , Alarm and evacuation purposes.

2. The elevator wireless terminal accepts various manual intervention commands from the fire control center, instructs the elevator to return to the base, evacuate and rescue people, arrive at the designated floor, and other fire emergency needs;

3. The elevator evacuation system described in this utility model breaks through the traditional detector bus transmission mode, and realizes wired/wireless fusion based on wireless detection technology, so that the system not only has a wired normal working mode, once the cable is burned, it will be in a wireless way. Substitute jobs to achieve safety redundancy value.

The communication between the elevator wireless terminal and the Zigbee wireless detector node includes node login, status report, data report and linkage node wake-up, etc. Since the communication between the elevator wireless terminal and the wireless detector node is based on wireless communication, in order to ensure reliable data transmission, the elevator wireless terminal or node will immediately reply a confirmation message every time it receives a useful message from the other party. If the elevator wireless terminal or Zigbee wireless detector node does not receive the message requested by the other party within the specified time, it will resend the message sent last time, and the maximum number of resends is three times. If the confirmation message is not received after three times, for the elevator wireless terminal, it will report a node failure, and the node will judge that it is disconnected from the network, so as to re-scan the network and join the network. The specific communication process includes the following steps:

S1, node login

Once the Zigbee wireless detector node (hereinafter referred to as the node) joins the Zigbee elevator wireless network, it will send a login message to the elevator wireless terminal. The login message sent includes information such as the type of the node and the MAC address. After receiving the node login message, the elevator wireless terminal records the type and address of the node, and sends a confirmation message to the node, which contains the network address assigned to the node.

S2, status report

Status messages are used to ensure the network connection between nodes and elevator wireless terminals. After the node joins the network, it sends a status message to the elevator wireless terminal every 10s to report its own status. The elevator wireless terminal saves the current state information of each node in a buffer for query. If the elevator wireless terminal does not receive the status message sent by the node within a period of time, it will actively send a status message request to the node. If it has not received the node status message after a period of time, it will record the status of the node as having a communication failure.

S3, data reporting

When the elevator wireless terminal needs to send a data request to the fire control center (or fire control center), it first sends a data request to the node. After receiving the request message, the node sends several temperature or smoke values stored in it to the elevator wireless terminal one by one. . After receiving, the elevator wireless terminal sends several temperature or smoke data sent by the node to the fire control center one by one. After receiving all the data, the fire control center sends a stop data transmission command to the elevator wireless terminal. forward it to the node.

S4. Linkage node wakes up

Once the fire control center issues a fire alarm, it is necessary to wake up the dormant linkage nodes at the fire scene for linkage control. The wake-up process is: the elevator wireless terminal sends a wake-up message to the node, and the node exits the sleep mode after receiving it, until the fire linkage control process is completed, and after the alarm is eliminated, the elevator wireless terminal sends a sleep message to the node, and the node receives the message Reply to the confirmation message and go back to sleep.

【Elevator controller】

The elevator controller receives the elevator control instructions from the fire control center and the abnormal conditions of each floor collected by Zigbee wireless detectors at any time, and at the same time transmits the operating status of the elevator to the fire control center.

The elevator controller controls the elevator to run in an evacuation mode according to the communication protocol of the elevator evacuation system. In practical applications, thresholds can be set for elevators to operate in evacuation mode according to relevant fire protection regulations and standards such as ambient temperature, smoke refractive index, and toxic gas concentration in high-rise building fire scenarios. The principle of evacuating people by using elevators described in this utility model has not yet been involved in the existing fire protection parameter standards, so it is necessary to innovate the utility model and establish some new parameters and interpretations, and carry out the three stages of the fire trend according to the system divided. The utility model increases and sets the early warning threshold value, the alarm threshold value etc. of various Zigbee wireless detectors, so that the system can automatically start the corresponding evacuation operation mode of the elevator. The safety level color code setting is to pre-set the safety level of high-rise buildings, so that when encountering a fire emergency, the corresponding evacuation strategy can be activated for safe escape. The evacuation strategy is to use the detector threshold in the system to determine that the elevators that are eligible to participate in the evacuation enter the evacuation state. In this system, the color codes are composed of four colors: blue, yellow, orange, and red, among which blue is the safe state, yellow is the early warning state, orange is the alarm state, and red is the disabled state.

1. When the temperature threshold collected by the Zigbee wireless detector reaches 50°C, the system will enter the yellow warning state from blue, and the elevator starts the evacuation procedure; or when the smoke refractive index threshold collected by the Zigbee wireless detector reaches 50%, The system changes from blue to yellow warning state, and the elevator starts the evacuation procedure;

2. When any of the above two parameters reaches 60°C or above 60%, the system will enter the orange alarm state from the yellow alarm state; at this time, the fire control center can carry out manual intervention at any time to order the elevator to evacuate for rescue or return to the base to stop operation;

3. When any of the above two parameters reaches 65°C or above 65%, the system will enter the red disabled state from the orange alarm state, and the evacuation elevator will automatically return to the base and stop running; for safety reasons, the fire control center can also Manual intervention was carried out in advance, and the elevator was ordered to return to the base and stop operating.

The method of setting the threshold for the activation of the elevator evacuation operation mode can be considered according to the actual situation, and is not limited to the one described in the utility model, and the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned setting method.

【Elevator evacuation system communication protocol】

The communication protocol of the elevator evacuation system is a communication protocol for evacuation operation using elevators in the state of high-rise building fire. Based on the evacuation operation mode of elevator equipment in high-rise buildings under fire conditions, this agreement needs to carry out protocol docking between the elevator wireless terminal in the evacuation system and the elevator controller, and carry out some protocol regulations and command settings for the elevator operation status, so that the elevator follows the evacuation The strategy enters the fire-fighting operation mode to achieve the purpose of evacuation and rescue.

In addition, in the fire state, the elevator is set to operate according to several agreements and orders, and the operating environment of the entire evacuation system should comply with the principle of safe and conditional use of elevators for evacuation. Therefore, the detectors and detector layout, Zigbee system wireless network and data acquisition system, wireless terminal information processing and judgment methods involved in the evacuation system architecture system are used to formulate the communication protocol of the elevator evacuation system to better utilize The elevator performs evacuation and rescue work.

The communication protocol of the elevator evacuation system is based on the communication packet, and realizes communication with one response and one answer as the basic communication unit; the communication packet includes a communication method and a packet structure; the packet structure includes a packet header flag, packet serial number, packet type, data length, packet data, and check digit; the packet header flag is used to indicate the sender of the communication packet; the packet serial number is maintained by the sender, followed by Incrementing, and in a basic communication unit, the packet sequence number of the receiver's response packet is the same as that of the sender's instruction packet; the packet type is used to indicate whether it is a response packet or an instruction packet ; The packet data is used to indicate the specific content of the communication packet; the data length is used to indicate the total byte length occupied by the packet data and the check digit. The communication mode between the elevator wireless terminal and the elevator controller is full-duplex communication.

The elevator evacuation system communication protocol is described in detail as follows:

Elevator evacuation communication protocol includes communication method, packet data structure, packet type and packet data, test method, etc.

1) Elevator wireless The elevator wireless terminal and the elevator controller perform full-duplex communication through RS232 or RS422;

2) The baud rate is 19200, 8 bits, 1 stop bit, no check mode;

3) The communication process of this communication protocol is based on communication packets, with one response and one response as the basic unit. That is to say, the sender sends a packet, and the receiver gives a response as a basic communication process;

4) The timeout period for the sender to wait for a response after sending a packet is 3 seconds.

The data structure of the communication packet is shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Description table of packet text data structure of elevator evacuation system communication protocol

The packet types and packet data are shown in Table 2.

Table 2: Packet type and packet data description table of elevator evacuation system communication protocol

Example:

1) Bring the elevator into the evacuation state

Elevator wireless terminal sending: A5A5A5A501000000001002007267

Baowen header logo Baowen serial number Package type Data length Packet data CRC16 0xA5A5A5A5 0x00000001 0x1000 0x0002 (none) 0x7267

Elevator controller response: A6A6A6A601000000040000007C79

Baowen header logo Baowen serial number Package type Data length Packet data CRC16 0xA6A6A6A6 0x00000001 0x1000 0x0004 0x0000 0x7C79

2) Bring the elevator into the disabled state

Elevator wireless terminal transmission: A5A5A5A50200000001100200CCA6

Baowen header logo Baowen serial number Package type Data length Packet data CRC16 0xA5A5A5A5 0x00000002 0x1001 0x0002 (none) 0xCCA6

Elevator controller response: A6A6A6A6020000000110040000009EEF

Baowen header logo Baowen serial number Package type Data length Packet data CRC16 0xA6A6A6A6 0x00000002 0x1001 0x0004 0x0000 0x9EEF

3) Draw the elevator into the normal state

Elevator wireless terminal sending: A5A5A5A5030000000210020010A9

Baowen header logo Baowen serial number Package type Data length Packet data CRC16 0xA5A5A5A5 0x00000003 0x1002 0x0002 (none) 0x10A9

Elevator controller response: A6A6A6A6030000000210040000003F4A

Baowen header logo Baowen serial number Package type Data length Packet data CRC16 0xA6A6A6A6 0x00000003 0x1002 0x0004 0x0000 0x3F4A

4) Draw the elevator to run to the 5th floor

Elevator wireless terminal sending: A5A5A5A504000000001104000500C237

Baowen header logo Baowen serial number Package type Data length Packet data CRC16 0xA5A5A5A5 0x00000004 0x1100 0x0004 0x0005 0xC237

Elevator controller response: A6A6A6A60400000000110400000002A1

Baowen header logo Baowen serial number Package type Data length Packet data CRC16 0xA6A6A6A6 0x00000004 0x1100 0x0004 0x0000 0x02A1

5) Inform the elevator that it is forbidden to stop on the 6th floor

Elevator wireless terminal transmission: A5A5A5A505000000011104000600BD81

Baowen header logo Baowen serial number Package type Data length Packet data CRC16 0xA5A5A5A5 0x00000005 0x1101 0x0004 0x0006 0xBD81

Elevator controller response: A6A6A6A6050000000111040000002844

Baowen header logo Baowen serial number Package type Data length Packet data CRC16 0xA6A6A6A6 0x00000005 0x1101 0x0004 0x0000 0x2844

6) Notify the elevator running status

The elevator controller sends:

A6A6A6A6010000000020180000010200000000000103010000010200010003000001940E

The elevator evacuation system communication protocol described in the utility model is different from the traditional communication protocol. Its communication packet structure is simple, but it fully meets the needs of the elevator evacuation operation. There is no redundant signaling overhead, and the elevator controller is directly and concisely realized. , the control of the elevator wireless terminal by the fire control center and the external control terminal; that is, the control of the elevator wireless terminal by the elevator controller, the fire control center and the external control terminal all follow the elevator evacuation system communication protocol described in the utility model.

【Fire Control Center】

The fire control center is responsible for processing data collection and various data fed back by the elevator wireless terminal, and adopts different strategies based on these data to safely and effectively use the elevator for evacuation through the execution system. In addition to the above-mentioned control tasks of the fire control center, in its traditional elevator evacuation mode, the function of the building broadcasting system will be enhanced and used. In addition, through the monitoring interface, the fire scene and elevator operation can be dynamically displayed. Under this premise, the fire control center can realize remote monitoring, perform manual intervention at any time, and issue various instructions to the evacuation elevator. The fire control center is the command center of the entire elevator evacuation and escape system. The control host is located in the fire control room, which is convenient for the center personnel to monitor the building fire scene in real time through the control software interface. Its control software provides corresponding evacuation traffic modes according to evacuation strategies and corresponding software algorithms according to different fire conditions.

The fire control center obtains the sensor data collected by the Zigbee wireless detector, the working state of the sensor, the working state of the elevator control terminal, and the elevator running state through the wireless network at any time; simultaneously, the fire control center can send elevator control instructions to the elevator controller at any time , to realize the configuration of working parameters and software upgrades of the elevator wireless terminal by the fire control center.

During the communication process between the elevator wireless terminal and the fire control center, the elevator wireless terminal works in a passive manner, that is, the elevator wireless terminal can only send corresponding messages to the fire control center after receiving the message request command from the fire control center. In addition, in order to ensure the reliable transmission of data, except that the local remote frame sent by the fire control center does not need to reply a confirmation message, the elevator wireless terminal will send back a confirmation message every time it receives a command, and then send the requested information to the fire control center information. If the fire control center does not receive the confirmation message from the elevator wireless terminal within 10s, it will resend the request message. The elevator wireless terminal is interconnected with the ZigBee smoke detector through the ZigBee2007/Pro protocol stack, and uploads the data collected by each ZigBee smoke detector, including temperature, refractive index, threshold, etc., to the fire control center in real time. The elevator wireless terminal also accepts manual intervention instructions from the control center, including orders such as forced landing on the elevator, deactivation, normal, setting the arrival instruction of any floor, setting the instruction of prohibiting parking floors, and time recording. The communication process between the elevator wireless terminal and the fire control center includes:

1. Registration process

After the fire control center is turned on, it first sends reset messages to the elevator wireless terminal in turn. After receiving the reset message, the elevator wireless terminal extracts the port address from the reset message and saves it, and at the same time sends a confirmation message to the fire control center. After that, the fire control center sends a registration request command to the elevator wireless terminal. After receiving and replying the confirmation message, the elevator wireless terminal sends the address, type and status information of each node in the wireless network to the fire control center in turn. After the registration is completed, the elevator wireless terminal starts to work normally, that is, it starts to inspect the nodes in the wireless network.

2. Inspection process

The fire control center conducts a patrol inspection of each wireless communication network every 10s. When the elevator wireless terminal is working normally, it will record the information of each smoke detector node (including its connection status, fire alarm, linkage return, fault report, fault recovery, etc.), and send it to the fire control center when receiving the inspection message The status information of each wireless node; the elevator wireless terminal inquires the status information of each node saved in the node status table in turn, and if the node is working normally, it will report to the fire control center; if the node has a network failure or has fire alarm information, it will report Fault. After receiving the status messages of all wireless nodes, the fire control center sends a confirmation message to the elevator wireless terminal. If a wireless node fire alarm message is received, an alarm confirmation message is replied.

3. Application data process

The application data includes the data collected by the ZigBee temperature smoke detector, such as temperature, refractive index, threshold, etc., as well as the elevator operating parameters transmitted by the elevator controller. When the fire control center needs to apply for the temperature or smoke value of a single detection node, it first sends a data request message with the address of the detection node to the elevator wireless terminal. After the elevator wireless terminal receives the message, it first sends a data request to the node, until the elevator wireless terminal has collected the ten temperature or smoke data sent by the node, and then sends it to the fire control center one by one. When the fire control center needs to apply for elevator operating parameters, it first sends a data request message to the elevator wireless terminal. After receiving the message, the elevator wireless terminal connects through the serial port and receives the elevator parameters from the elevator controller according to the "elevator evacuation system communication protocol". The running data will involve the elevator's ① up or down; ② running or leveling stop; ③ stop or passing floor; ④ car door status, open or close; ⑤ hall door status, open or close; ⑥ hall call status ; ⑦ Data such as elevator working status or error codes are uploaded to the fire control center in real time through the LAN.

4. ZigBee wireless detector reset

When a single detection node needs to be reset, the fire control center sends a reset message with the detection node address to the elevator wireless terminal, and the elevator wireless terminal sends a reset control message to the corresponding detection node according to the detection node address. The detection node automatically resets after receiving it.

【Evacuation strategy】

This embodiment provides a relationship between the evacuation communication protocol and the evacuation strategy (ie, evacuation mode) in the elevator evacuation system. The elevator evacuation system described in the present invention is not limited to the evacuation strategy described in this embodiment.

In the case of fire, the general strategy of elevator operation, in addition to the evacuation communication between the elevator wireless terminal and the elevator, it is also necessary to formulate corresponding evacuation software algorithms. This algorithm involves the aforementioned elevator evacuation operation mode and related definitions. Here, due to the needs of software compilation, it is necessary to summarize and define related algorithm formulas and symbols.

(1) Elevator evacuation software algorithm formula and symbol setting

1. All symbols involved;

2. Elevator operation mode: Return to the base for evacuation from the lower floor/(higher floor) to the upper floor/(lower floor);

3. Elevator no-stop area: JTQ=(H±1); symbol JTQ means no-stop area; H means fire floor; ±1 means floors adjacent to the fire floor; symbol JTQ=(H±1) means elevator no-stop area Stop area, take the first pinyin letter of the no-stop area; the no-stop area refers to the floors adjacent to the upper and lower floors of the fire. When there are more than two fire floors H, then according to the evacuation strategy, there are also more than two no-stop areas; when two adjacent floors are on fire at the same time and H=2, then the no-stop area is 4 floors. When the elevator is evacuating, the no-stop area is regarded as the elevator no-stop area.

4. Elevator safety initial evacuation floor: [(H±1)±1]; (floors adjacent to the upper and lower floors of the no-stop zone);

5. Elevator evacuation formula: SS＝[(H±1)±1]+[(H±1)±2]+[(H±1)±3]+…(SS means evacuation; elevator evacuation is accumulated floor by floor or decrementally run layer by layer);

6. Elevator partition evacuation formula: SS upper area = [(H+1)±1]+[(H+1)±2]+[(H+1)+3]+...(when there is an evacuation floor, take Upward evacuation method);

7. Elevator partition evacuation formula: SS lower area = [(H-1)-1]+[(H-1)-2]+[(H-1)-3]+... (when there is an evacuation floor, take Downward evacuation method);

8. For the format of the detector, please refer to Table 3 and Table 4;

Table 3: Programming format of machine room, car and hoistway detectors

Table 4: Corridor detector compilation format

9. Detector calculation formula: TC＝∑(JTX+LTY-n)＝TC ₁ +TC ₂ ; the symbol TC represents the detector, which is equal to the number of elevators×[(machine room detector+car detector+wellway detector)+ (Number of floors × detectors on each floor)], TC ₁ represents No. 1 detector, TC ₂ represents No. 2 detector; symbol ∑ represents elevator number; symbol JT represents each detector located in the machine room, car and hoistway; X Indicates the position numbers of these detectors; the symbol LT indicates each detector located in the corridor; the symbol Y indicates the number of floors where the detectors are located; n indicates the serial number of the detectors on this floor;

10. The conditions stipulated by H≤3 or (NH)≤3; N represents the total number of floors of the building, and N is a natural integer; when the number of floors N is a negative number, it means that the building has an underground floor; when N=-1, Indicates the 1st underground floor, which can also be represented by B ₁ ; when N=-2, represents the 2nd underground floor, which can also be represented by B ₂ ; and so on.

11. Four levels of evacuation involving color code management;

12. Detector threshold setting and position regulation;

13. The packet data structure, packet type and packet data provisions of the elevator system evacuation communication protocol.

(2) An evacuation strategy software algorithm rule

The algorithm rules of the evacuation strategy software can be determined according to the detector threshold of the evacuation system, that is, only those elevators that are eligible to participate in the evacuation can enter the evacuation state; at the same time, the system sets the corresponding evacuation level management for elevators in different states. In this embodiment, four safety levels are set, that is, blue level 1 for normal elevator status; yellow level 2 for early warning status; orange level 3 for alarm status; and red level 4 for disabled status.

1. For the elevator in the normal operation state of level 1, when it is connected to the detectors in the evacuation system (referring to all the equipment rooms, cars, shafts and corridors arranged in the system from the TC=∑(JTX+LTY-n) formula, Detectors in the area) warning threshold, no matter the detector temperature threshold reaches 50°C or the smoke refractive index threshold reaches 50%, the system will enter the yellow 2 warning state from the blue level 1, and the elevator will automatically start the evacuation procedure; the fire monitoring center The color of the elevator participating in the evacuation in the software interface of the software also changes from blue to yellow at this time;

2. After entering the evacuation state, the elevator follows the principle that the evacuation floor is the largest according to the evacuation strategy, and the elevator first evacuates the evacuation floor; at this time, unless the fire control center changes the elevator operation mode or orders the elevator to execute new instructions; During this process, the elevator does not stop at the (H±1) floor, nor respond to the internal and external call signals from other floors, especially the (H±1) floor;

3. After the elevator reaches the evacuation floor, use uplink or downlink evacuation methods to evacuate people to the designated uplink evacuation base station J↑ or downlink evacuation base station J↓ according to the evacuation strategy;

4. Then, according to the operation mode, the elevator adopts the method from low floor/(high floor) to high floor for the elevator safety initial evacuation floor [(H±1)±1] including the fire floor H and the elevator forbidden zone (H±1) floor. / (lower level) to return to the base evacuation, the specific return to the base evacuation is as follows:

1) The elevator starts to evacuate or first adopts the SS upper area = [(H+1)±1]+[(H+1)±2]+[(H+1)+3]+... operation mode, and then adopts SS Evacuation mode in the lower area; evacuate people to the designated uplink evacuation base station J↑ or downlink evacuation base station J↓; during this process, the elevator does not stop at the (H±1) floor, and does not respond to requests from other floors, especially (H±1) ) floor internal and external call signals;

The symbol S indicates the evacuation floor set by the building, and the initials of the sparse characters are taken from the pinyin letters; SS _above indicates that the elevator chooses to start evacuation at the upper floor of the fire floor H; _under SS indicates that the elevator chooses to start evacuation at the lower floor of the fire floor H; the symbol [ (H±1)±1] represents the composite formula of the elevator evacuation initial floor, which contains two initial evacuation methods; the symbol [(H+1)+1] indicates that the elevator starts evacuating at the upper layer of the fire floor H; the symbol [( H-1)-1] indicates that the elevator starts evacuating at the lower floor of the fire floor H; the symbol J↓ indicates the release base station of the elevator for downlink evacuation (abbreviated as downlink base station J↓); the downlink base station is usually located on the first floor, if the downlink base station has When the fire alarm is abnormal, the elevator will go to other floors according to the situation. In this evacuation strategy, if there is no special support condition, the elevator will go up to the base station on the top floor; the symbol J↑ means the base station for the elevator to evacuate (abbreviated as uplink base station J↑); The uplink base station is set on the top floor; if the uplink base station has a fire alarm abnormality, the elevator will go to the evacuation floor S according to the situation;

2) The elevator starts to evacuate or first adopts the SS lower area = [(H-1)-1]+[(H-1)-2]+[(H-1)-3]+… operation mode, and then adopts SS upper area evacuation mode; evacuate people to the designated downlink evacuation base station J↓ or uplink evacuation base station J↑; during this process, the elevator does not stop at the (H±1) floor and does not respond to requests from other floors especially (H±1) 1) The internal and external call signal of the floor;

When H≤3, it is stipulated that the bottom floor cannot be used as the base station for evacuation; when (NH)≤3, it is stipulated that the top floor cannot be used as the base station for evacuation; the elevator evacuation operation formula: SS={[(H±1)±1 ], [(H+1)+2], [(H+1)+3]...}; the symbol SS represents the elevator evacuation operation formula, and the pinyin letter of the evacuation head is taken; obtained from the previous formula: the initial evacuation formula of the upper layer of the elevator _On SS=[(H+1)+1]; Obtained by preceding formula: Elevator lower layer initial evacuation formula SS _{is lower} =[(H-1)-1]; No matter elevator adopts SS _upper or SS _lower initial evacuation, It does not mean that the elevator adopts the uplink or downlink evacuation operation mode, but only means that the elevator evacuates from this floor first, and the operation mode is determined by the downlink base station J↓ or uplink base station J↑ where people are evacuated;

3) No matter what evacuation operation mode the elevator adopts or what floor it is on, it will accept manual intervention instructions from the fire control center and carry out relevant operations according to the instructions.

5. The evacuation software algorithm should fully consider the evacuation conditions stipulated by H≤3 or (N-H)≤3:

1) Based on safety considerations, when H≤3, the downlink evacuation base station J↓ will be set as a base station that prohibits releasing people;

2) When (N-H)≤3, the uplink evacuation base station J↑ will be set as the prohibition of releasing people;

3) The algorithm rules of the evacuation software consider both the uplink release base station and the downlink release base station. If H≥3 and (N-H)≥3, the elevator selects the downlink evacuation base station J↓ to release people according to the personnel behavior convention;

4) Although the algorithm rules of the strategy software consider both the uplink release base station and the downlink release base station, if H≤3 and (N-H)≤3, the elevator runs to the evacuation floor for evacuation; Change and timely manual intervention;

6. The elevator in yellow level 2 evacuation state is connected to the detectors in the evacuation system (referring to all the detectors arranged in the system from the machine room, car, shaft and corridor area in the formula TC=∑(JTX+LTY-n) ), no matter the detector temperature threshold reaches 60°C or the smoke refractive index threshold reaches 60%, the system will enter the orange level 3 alarm state from yellow level 2, and the elevator will automatically start the alarm program; The color of the evacuated elevator also changed from yellow to orange at this time;

7. The evacuation elevator that enters the alarm state can continue to perform the evacuation task on the premise that the environmental parameters do not change. During this process, the elevator does not stop at the (H±1) floor, nor respond to the internal and external call signals from other floors, especially the (H±1) floor; unless the site environmental parameters change badly, or the fire control center Necessary manual intervention for changes;

8. The elevator in the orange level 3 evacuation state is connected to the detectors in the evacuation system (referring to all the detectors arranged in the system from the machine room, car, shaft and corridor area in the formula TC=∑(JTX+LTY-n) ), no matter the detector temperature threshold reaches 65°C or the smoke refraction index threshold reaches 65%, the system will enter the red level 4 deactivation state from orange, and the elevator will automatically start the deactivation program; in the software interface of the fire monitoring center The color of the elevator involved in the evacuation also changed from orange to red at this time;

9. In addition to the four-level management of evacuation elevators in the above algorithm rules, the software algorithm also includes safety management of identified faulty elevators:

1) According to the provisions of the elevator evacuation system communication protocol, the faulty elevator can be shut down and returned to the base by the fire control center in time;

2) The faulty elevator that has been shut down will be strictly prohibited from participating in the evacuation sequence again;

3) The elevator that starts the deactivation procedure is regarded as an elevator with a peripheral environment fault at this time, and it is stipulated that it cannot re-join the evacuation sequence, unless the fire control center implements a recovery order for it as appropriate.

Based on the requirements of high-rise buildings using elevators for evacuation, the elevator evacuation strategy involves the three working states of the elevator, the relevant evacuation symbol regulations, the division of elevator evacuation stages, the elevator evacuation process, and the post-event playback evaluation system. According to the evacuation strategy, the elevator evacuation should not only reflect the advantages of convenience and rapidity, but also need to formulate a more systematic and comprehensive elevator operation mode that meets the fire evacuation and escape strategy; in addition, the system needs to be designed from the perspective of evacuation safety Relevant rules and conditions shall be established to ensure the safety of evacuated elevators and personnel during the rescue process. An important regulation in the evacuation strategy is to set all the elevators participating in the evacuation once they enter the evacuation operation mode, all internal and external call signals from all floors will not respond to commands, especially those from the no-stop zone and the floors adjacent to the no-stop zone. Internal and external call signals to ensure efficient and safe operation and parking of the elevator.

The evacuation strategy described in this implementation not only meets the above requirements, but also studies the possible effects of factors such as high temperature, smoke particles, and water on the elevator system and passengers in the car. According to the research, in a fire scene, only the elevator hall door is exposed, and the rest are installed in the shaft or machine room, which is relatively safe. Therefore, the high temperature of the fire is the main factor that directly endangers the elevator hall door. But usually, the tolerance temperature of the elevator hall door is far from the tolerance temperature of the human body. Therefore, in this evacuation strategy, it is required to install corresponding detectors in and around the elevator front room to monitor the dangerous impact of high temperature on the elevator hall door. The study also believes that smoke particles and water will not have a fault effect on the elevator hall door; only when water overflows into the well can it affect the operation of the elevator. It can be solved by making improvements.

Based on this, the elevator evacuation system and method described in the utility model mainly realize the evacuation protocol communication between the elevator wireless terminal and the elevator controller, and transmit various operating states of the elevator to the fire control center in real time by the elevator wireless terminal to meet the needs of the high-level In the state of building fire, the fire control center issues relevant evacuation instructions to the elevator.

The utility model is based on the blank point of modern fire-fighting technology, and according to the characteristics of evacuation and escape of high-rise buildings, several protocol regulations and command settings are made for the elevator control system and operation mode, so that the elevator enters the fire-fighting operation mode according to the evacuation strategy under the fire environment. Reach the purpose of early warning, alarm, evacuation and rescue.

Therefore, the utility model effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial application value.

The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present utility model, but are not intended to limit the present utility model. Anyone familiar with this technology can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the utility model should still be covered by the claims of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. An elevator evacuation system, characterized in that, the elevator evacuation system comprises: Zigbee wireless detectors are distributed in each fire detection node to detect fire information; The elevator wireless terminal used to control the operation of the elevator is connected to the Zigbee wireless detector through the Zigbee elevator wireless network to coordinate the data communication of each Zigbee wireless detector and the elevator controller; The elevator controller is connected to the elevator wireless terminal for controlling the elevator to operate in the evacuation mode according to the elevator evacuation system communication protocol; The fire control center communicates with the elevator wireless terminal through a wireless network to check the working status of the elevator in real time or to intervene and command the operation of the elevator according to the communication protocol of the elevator evacuation system. 2. The elevator evacuation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: said Zigbee wireless detector is arranged in each elevator machine room, floor, shaft, elevator front room and elevator car. 3. The elevator evacuation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the Zigbee wireless detectors arranged on the floor, the elevator machine room and the elevator car are connected with the fire control center through the Zigbee wireless network. 4. elevator evacuation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Zigbee wireless detector comprises sensing detector, Zigbee module, power supply module; Described sensing detector is connected with Zigbee module communication; Described power supply The modules are respectively connected with the sensing detector and the Zigbee module; the sensing detector includes a temperature detector and a smoke detector. 5. elevator evacuation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described elevator wireless terminal comprises CPU, Ethernet interface, elevator controller interface, RS485 interface, Zigbee module; Described CPU communicates with by RS485 interface and Zigbee module The Zigbee wireless detector is connected in communication; the CPU is connected in communication with the elevator controller through the elevator controller interface; the CPU is connected in communication with the fire control center through the Ethernet interface. 6. The elevator evacuation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the communication mode between the elevator wireless terminal and the elevator controller is full-duplex communication. 7. The elevator evacuation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fire control center communicates with external networking equipment through the Internet.

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