Background technology
In recent years, the development speed of China's building trade is very fast, and the proportion of the shared social total energy consumption of building energy consumption is also in quick increase.According to relevant department's statistical calculation, China's building energy consumption accounts for 30% of social total energy consumption at present, expects the year two thousand twenty and possibly reach 40%.Therefore, how to reduce building energy consumption, realize that energy-conserving and environment-protective become the problem that presses for solution.
The main path that realizes building energy conservation is to improve the thermal and insulating performance of architectural exterior-protecting construction.In architectural exterior-protecting construction, body of wall heat radiation shared ratio in building energy consumption is maximum, accounts for 32.1%~36.2% of total energy consumption.On the basis of this understanding, people recognize must research and develop comprehensively and promote novel wall thermal insulation technology.At present, wall thermal insulation technology is divided into four kinds: interior insulation, sandwich heat preservation, outer insulation and comprehensive insulation.In these four kinds of insulation forms, the heat preserving mode of external wall outer insulation is the most direct, and effect is also best, is the present most widely used building heat preservation technology of China.This building heat preservation technology places the exterior wall outside with the thermal insulation system, thereby the suffered action of thermal difference of agent structure is descended significantly, and temperature deformation reduces, and structure wall is played a protective role also can effectively block cold (heat) bridge, helps the prolongation of structural life-time.
Current, the external wall outer insulation of China's building trade is constructed to separate usually with exterior wall finish and is carried out.Common external thermal insulation system mainly contains following several kinds:
1. polyphenyl plate thin plastering system.This is present modal way, and its cost and technology content are lower, easy master; But on-site construction processes is numerous and diverse, and the finishing mucilage thickness uniformity is wayward, and the scene is difficult for maintenance, easily dry shrinkage and cracking.
2. glue powder polyphenyl particle system.This system construction method is simple, and dimensional stability better be difficult for to be shunk, and is anti-aging, fireproof performance is good, moderate cost; But its heat-insulating property is relatively poor, long construction period, and quality is wayward.
3. polyurethane coating heat-insulation system.Its high insulating effect, moistureproof, fireproof performance is good, because no cavity configuration, the wind suction prevention ability is strong; But price is higher at present, and the construction planeness is difficult to control.
In sum, external thermal insulation system commonly used at present, the site operation workload is bigger, and operation is numerous and diverse, and construction quality is stable inadequately; Mostly exterior finishing material is coating, and the outside finish patch block exists certain difficulty with dangerous, and outward appearance is single attractive in appearance inadequately.Therefore, external thermal insulation system should attempt adopting new constructional materials and construction technology.
Heat insulating decorative board is the sheet material with exterior-wall heat insulation function of moulding of being prefabricated in the factory.It is composited by heat insulating material and ornament materials, is used for pasting hanging over the skin face, has insulation and decoration functions.In the patent No. is in the Chinese invention patent of ZL200510035495.2; A kind of outer wall heat insulating and decorating plate is disclosed; It is a layer structure, comprises insulation layer, inorganic composite materials layer and coating, and this coating and insulation layer are attached at the upper surface and the soffit of inorganic composite materials layer respectively.In addition; In the patent No. is in the Chinese invention patent of ZL200610038574.3; Also disclose a kind of outer wall heat insulating and decorating plate, comprised insulation layer, enhancement layer and decorative cover coating, said insulation layer and enhancement layer bond together through tack coat; Said insulation layer periphery is shaped on groove, embeds profile and the trough of belt press strip that matches in the said groove.During construction and installation, outer wall heat insulating and decorating plate is pasted on the body of wall, leave the slit that securing member can pass through between adjacent panel with cementing agent; The groove of anchoring compressing tablet edge adjacent heat insulating decorative board periphery press strip is slided into the appropriate location; Pass anchoring compressing tablet centre bore with securing member, hammer into body of wall heat insulating decorative board is anchored on the metope; Cover the slit between adjacent panel.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the agent structure of the heat-insulating decorative composite board that the utility model provided comprises 3 layers: finish coat 1, enhancement layer 3 and insulation layer 4.When subsides were suspended to the skin face, finish coat 1 was positioned at outermost, and insulation layer 4 is positioned at the most inboard.In this heat-insulating decorative composite board, also embedding has crab-bolt 2.This crab-bolt 2 is that metal material such as steel or aluminium are made, and an end embeds in the pea gravel concreten mortar of finish coat 1, and the other end passes from enhancement layer 3, insulation layer 4, is anchored on the building basic unit body of wall, to improve the installation strength of heat-insulating decorative composite board.
In the utility model; Insulation layer 4 is the bottom of heat-insulating decorative composite board; Can adopt various forms of heat insulating materials,, in heat-insulating decorative composite board, play a part heat insulation like moulding polyphenyl plate (EPS), extruded polystyrene board (XPS), hard-foam polyurethane plate, stone(mine)cotton plate, phenolic foam board etc.The material of insulation layer and thickness can be adjusted according to the designing requirement of building energy conservation fireproof.According to the requirement of current structural fire protection, insulation layer 4 preferred fireproof performances are phenolic foam board preferably.Enhancement layer 3 is the intermediate layer of heat-insulating decorative composite board, preferably is made up of the alkali-resistant glass fibre screen cloth, in heat-insulating decorative composite board, plays a part to strengthen finish coat intensity.Finish coat 1 is the surface layer part of heat-insulating decorative composite board, is solidified by pea gravel concreten to form, and is the decorative layer and the topping of heat-insulating decorative composite board, when paving construction, plays opposing buoyancy, wind-force and decoration simultaneously.
In the finish coat of heat-insulating decorative composite board, the percentage by weight of each raw material components is in the optimization formula of pea gravel concreten:
Following mask body is enumerated the different embodiment of this heat-insulating decorative composite board.
Product embodiments 1:
The appearance and size of heat-insulating decorative composite board is 500*500mm (like needs change profile and size, only needing the change mould to get final product).Insulation layer 4 is selected fireproof performance phenolic foam board preferably for use, and thickness is 90mm.Enhancement layer 3 is selected alkali resistant glass fibre open weave cloth for use, with the auxiliary bond strength that strengthens between finish coat 1 and the insulation layer 4.Finish coat 1 is solidified by the pea gravel concreten mortar to be processed, and can add pigment as requested, processes different colours.Crab-bolt 2 is the J font, and its crotch section is arranged in the pea gravel concreten mortar of finish coat 1, and fits with enhancement layer 3, and straightway passes from enhancement layer 3, insulation layer 4, and fits with insulation layer 4.
In the finish coat 1, the percentage by weight of each raw material components of pea gravel concreten mortar is:
Product embodiments 2:
The appearance and size of heat-insulating decorative composite board is 600*400mm (like needs change profile and size, only needing the change mould to get final product).Insulation layer 4 is selected the hard-foam polyurethane plate for use, and thickness is 90mm.Enhancement layer 3 is selected alkali resistant glass fibre open weave cloth for use, with the auxiliary bond strength that strengthens between finish coat 1 and the insulation layer 4.Finish coat 1 is solidified by the pea gravel concreten mortar to be processed, and can add pigment as requested, processes different colours.Crab-bolt 2 is a percussive nylon crab-bolt.
In the finish coat 1, the percentage by weight of each raw material components of pea gravel concreten mortar is:
In above-mentioned two product embodiments; Sand is preferably washed-out sand; Dyestuff is preferably the iron oxide dyestuff, and it is 20% polycarboxylate water-reducer etc. that plasticizing agent is preferably many poplars acid plasticizing agent such as solid content, and it is 3.6% non-ionic surface active aliphatic acid ether that release agent is preferably concentration.
Below, in conjunction with Fig. 2 the technological process of production of the described heat-insulating decorative composite board of the utility model is described.This technological process of production comprises following step:
Step 1: according to the architectural design requirement, confirm size of product, prepare insulation layer and enhancement layer material (being insulation layer and enhancement layer blanking).
Step 2: insulation layer, enhancement layer material are stacked neatly, penetrate crab-bolt, process enhancing insulation base substrate.
Step 3:, stir to be in harmonious proportion and evenly process the finish coat cement mortar according to finish coat optimization formula proportioning raw material.
Step 4: the finish coat cement mortar that makes is injected mould, and being placed on shakes leads on the platform and vibrates, and after the gas in the cement mortar is discharged, will strengthen being incubated base substrate and together being pressed in the mould again.
Step 5: place the fog room demoulding that is shaped, place normal temperature environment to carry out maintenance again, get product.
Following mask body is enumerated the different embodiment of the above-mentioned technological process of production.
Process implementing example 1:
Step 1: according to the architectural design requirement, confirm size of product, prepare insulation layer and enhancement layer material.
Step 2: insulation layer, enhancement layer material are stacked neatly, penetrate percussive nylon crab-bolt, process enhancing insulation base substrate.
Step 3: according to finish coat optimization formula proportioning raw material, be positioned in the mixer, stirred 10 minutes, stir to be in harmonious proportion and evenly process the finish coat cement mortar with 40~60 rev/mins speed.
Step 4: the finish coat cement mortar that makes is injected mould, and being placed on shakes leads on the platform, vibrates about 40~60 seconds, after the gas in the cement mortar is discharged, will strengthen the insulation base substrate again and together be pressed in the mould.
Step 5: place the postforming grade demoulding in 24 hours of condensing of 18~20 ℃ fog room, placed the normal temperature environment maintenance again 4 days, get product.
Process implementing example 2:
Step 1: according to the architectural design requirement, confirm size of product, prepare insulation layer and enhancement layer material.
Step 2: insulation layer, enhancement layer material are stacked neatly, penetrate the metal crab-bolt of J font in advance, process enhancing insulation base substrate.
Step 3: according to finish coat optimization formula proportioning raw material, be positioned in the mixer, stirred 10 minutes, stir to be in harmonious proportion and evenly process finish coat pea gravel concreten mortar with 50 rev/mins speed.
Step 4: the finish coat pea gravel concreten mortar that makes is injected mould, and being placed on shakes leads on the platform, vibrates about 50 seconds, after the gas in the pea gravel concreten mortar is discharged, will strengthen the insulation base substrate again and together be pressed in the mould.
Step 5: place the postforming grade demoulding in 24 hours of condensing of 18~20 ℃ fog room, placed the normal temperature environment maintenance again 4 days, get product.
After obtaining the described heat-insulating decorative composite board of the utility model through the above-mentioned technological process of production; Can be according to the architectural design requirement; Select the heat-insulating decorative composite board of different size specification, use the polymer bonding rubber cement that it is affixed on basic unit's body of wall, leave the slit of 6~10mm between the adjacent heat-insulating decorative composite board; And then the crab-bolt of heat-insulating decorative composite board is fixed on basic unit's body of wall; Foamed plastics insulation rod (PE, PVC etc.) filling is used in the slit of adjacent composite plate, and with weather-proof waterproof gasket cement filleting, can accomplish the installation of heat-insulating decorative composite board.
Compared with prior art, the described heat-insulating decorative composite board of the utility model has following excellent properties and characteristics:
(1) insulation of this heat-insulating decorative composite board collection is an one with decorating feature, and finish coat can be produced different texture, color and flower shape according to customer requirements, and color is beautiful, and fugitive color does not make building more attractive in appearance on the basis of energy-saving heat preserving.
(2) this heat-insulating decorative composite board combines insulation layer, enhancement layer and finish coat; And the large-scale production of use pipelining equipment is made in factory; Make the combination of layers of material more firm; The pliability of product, cracking resistance, waterproof, shock resistance, ageing-resistant performance obviously improve, and have effectively reduced the site operation workload of existing way, improve and have stablized construction quality.
(3) finish coat is lower-cost cement-based material, surfacing, intensity height, indeformable, and can produce different texture, color and flower shape according to customer requirements, color is beautiful, should not fade, and makes building more attractive in appearance on the basis of energy-saving heat preserving.
(4) scene of this heat-insulating decorative composite board is installed and can be adopted the bonding mounting method that combines with anchoring; Reliability is high; Foamed plastics insulation rod (PE, PVC etc.) filling is adopted in the slit of adjacent bricks body, and with weather-proof waterproof gasket cement filleting, waterproof and the difficult deformation crack that produces.
More than the heat-insulating decorative composite board that the utility model provided has been carried out detailed explanation.To those skilled in the art, any conspicuous change of under the prerequisite that does not deviate from the utility model connotation, it being done all will constitute to the utility model infringement of patent right, with corresponding legal responsibilities.