CN202262252U - Root digging device applicable to cassava combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a root digging device suitable for a cassava combine harvester. Root excavation device suitable for cassava combine harvester, including lifting traction assembly (1), pull rod (2) and frame (3), lifting traction assembly (1) and the lower suspension hole seat (33) at the front end of the frame (3) ) is hinged, the pull rod (2) is hinged with the upper suspension hole seat (31) on the frame (3), and the two sides of the rear end of the frame (3) are respectively vertically provided with support columns (51), A potato cutter (52) is provided between the lower ends of the two support columns (51), and the front middle part of the potato cutter (52) is vertically provided with soil entry teeth (54). The utility model can be applied to the root digging operation of the cassava combine harvester. Since the front end of the potato cutter plate is provided with the teeth for digging into the soil, it is helpful for the root digging device to dig into the soil. In addition, the utility model has low operating cost, high efficiency and good reliability , Root loss and damage less.

Description

A root digging device suitable for cassava combine harvester

technical field

The utility model relates to an agricultural machine for digging underground roots of crops, in particular to a root digging device suitable for a cassava combine harvester.

Background technique

The cassava harvest product is mainly underground tubers. At present, the vast majority of areas in my country basically rely on manual operations, using hand or simple potato-pulling tools to pull out and use a hoe to dig. Due to the large amount of cassava root harvesting, cassava root harvesting has become the most labor-intensive and most labor-intensive operation in the current cassava production process. Moreover, manual work has low productivity and high work cost. In addition, because the cassava root tubers are large, the distribution under the surface is irregular, and the flesh is brittle, so manual operation will cause root tuber loss and damage, especially when working in viscous soil, the root tuber loss and damage will be greater .

In addition, in a small number of areas in my country, after cutting off the stems manually, animal power is used or a plowshare without a turning board is installed on the tractor to loosen the topsoil on both sides of the roots, and then manually pull or dig. This half-artificial and half-animal power or half-artificial and half-mechanized harvesting method still has low production efficiency.

Mechanized harvesting can not only improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity, and reduce production costs, but the harvest quality is greatly improved compared with manual harvesting. Although the rates of broken potatoes, damaged potatoes, and broken skins vary with soil conditions, they are in the same conditions are far lower than artificial. However, the research on cassava root harvesting machinery in my country is only in the initial and experimental stage at present, and there is no mature model on the market. In January 2009, Guangxi Wuming County Agricultural Machinery Bureau, Guangxi Wuming County Agricultural Machinery Extension Station, and Guangxi Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Station used the potato harvester produced by Zhengzhou Shanhe Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. to improve and develop the 4UM-1600 cassava root harvester. The machine is powered by Tianjin 804 tractor, with a width of 1.6 m and a working depth of 30 cm. It can excavate two ridges at a time. However, the huge soil and tuber separation device causes heavy load and high resistance of the implements, resulting in low productivity and high operating costs. The productivity is only 3 mu/h, and the harvesting cost reaches 60 yuan/mu. At the end of 2008, the Tillage and Planting Machinery Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences and Guangxi Nanning Langhe Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. jointly introduced the Brazilian 4MU-2 cassava harvester. It consists of a V-shaped blade and a pole at an angle of 72°. , end, disc soil cutter, frame and other components. The V-shaped blade is installed on the support rod. On the one hand, the support rod plays the role of fixing the blade, and on the other hand, it separates the left and right blades of the V-shaped blade. The left and right blades are both 96 cm long and 10 cm wide. Before the operation, the cassava stem should be cut off and cleared away from the ground more than 30 cm. During the operation, the end located in the middle of the V-shaped blade and fixed on the pole and the front disc soil cutter walk between the two rows of cassava That is, the left and right blades of the V-shaped blade pass through the bottom of the cassava tubers on the left and right sides respectively along the forward direction, and the left and right blades respectively harvest a row of tubers in the potato field. However, because the left and right blades of the V-shaped blade each harvest a ridge of tubers, the length of the left and right blades is large, resulting in heavy loads and low strength of the machine tools, resulting in high operating costs, low productivity, poor adaptability, and poor reliability of machine tools. At present, the aircraft is still in the process of experimental improvement, and there is no major progress.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of root digging device which can be applied to cassava combine harvester and has low cost of root digging operation, high efficiency, good reliability in use, and less damage to roots.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a root digging device suitable for cassava combine harvesters, including a frame, a lifting traction assembly and a pull rod, and the lifting traction assembly is hinged with the lower suspension hole seat at the front end of the frame. The pull rod is hinged with the upper hanging hole seat on the frame, and the two sides of the rear end of the frame are respectively provided with support columns downwards, and a potato cutter is provided between the lower ends of the two support columns. The middle part of the front side is provided with teeth for digging into the soil.

The lower ends of the two support columns are each provided with a depth-limiting plate.

The bottom surface of the depth-limiting plate forms an angle of 7 ^° with the horizontal plane.

The potato cutter board forms an included angle of 28° to 33° with the horizontal plane.

The potato cutter board forms an included angle of 30° with the horizontal plane.

Beneficial effects of the utility model: when the machine is in operation, the hoisting traction assembly and the pull rod are suspended on the tractor for traction and walking in a three-point suspension manner, and the bottom ends of the two support columns are all walking in the ditch, and the operator lifts the traction assembly by manipulating the tractor Gradually lower the root excavating device, let the soil entry teeth enter the soil, and then the potato cutting blade enters the soil. As the tractor continues to move forward, the front end of the soil entry teeth cuts into the soil below the roots, so that the soil and the roots together form a 30° angle with the horizontal plane. The cutting surface of the cutting board rises, and the relative movement between the soil and the root and the cutting surface loosens the soil and gradually separates the soil and the root. When reaching the back of the cutting board, the root and the loose soil slide backward from the supporting columns above the cutting board. out to further separate the tubers from the soil, and turn the whole bunch of tubers to the ground after operation. The utility model can be applied to the root digging operation of the cassava combine harvester. Since the front end of the potato cutter plate is provided with the teeth for digging into the soil, it is helpful for the root digging device to dig into the soil. In addition, the utility model has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and reliable use. Good, less root damage damage.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.

In the figure: 1. Lifting traction assembly; 11. Lifting arm; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Drawbar; 2. Pull rod; 3. Rack; Hole seat; 34, front main beam; 35, rear main beam; 4, connection assembly; 41, bolt assembly; 42 upper connection plate; 43 lower connection plate; 5, excavation assembly; 51, support column; 52, potato cutter Plate; 53, depth-limiting plate; 54, enter the soil tooth.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the root excavation device suitable for cassava combine harvesters described in the utility model includes a lifting traction assembly 1 hinged on the car body, a pull rod 2 fixed on the car body, a frame 3, a connecting Component 4 and Excavation Component 5. The lifting and pulling assembly 1 is composed of a lifting arm 11 , a connecting rod 12 and a pulling rod 13 . One end of the drawbar 13 is hinged with the car body, and the other end is hinged with the lower suspension hole seat 33 at the front end of the frame. Lifting arm 11 links to each other with the power unit on the vehicle body, and one end of lifting arm 11 and connecting rod 12 is hinged. Described connecting rod 12 is a telescopic rod that can carry out length adjustment, and the other end of connecting rod 12 is fixed on the middle part of the bar body of draw bar 13. The pull rod 2 is hinged to the upper suspension hole seat 31 of the frame 3, and the pull rod 2 is a telescopic rod that can be adjusted in length. The coupling assembly 4 is composed of a bolt assembly 41 , an upper coupling plate 42 and a lower coupling plate 43 . The excavation assembly 5 is arranged on the bottom of the frame, and the excavation assembly 5 is composed of a support column 51 , a potato cutting blade 52 , a depth-limiting plate 53 , and an entry tooth 54 . Wherein, there are two supporting columns 51, which are vertically arranged on both sides of the rear end of the frame 3 downwards respectively. The bottom of the beam 35. The lower ends of the two support columns 51 are respectively welded with two depth-limiting plates 53, and the bottom surfaces of the depth-limiting plates 53 form an angle of 7 ^° with the horizontal plane. The potato cutter 52 is arranged between the lower ends of the two support columns 51, and the potato cutter 52 is welded to the support column 51. The potato cutter forms an angle of 28° to 33° with the horizontal plane, preferably 30°. ° included angle, the front middle part of the potato cutter plate 52 is uprightly provided with the teeth 54 that go into the soil.

Working principle: After the cassava stalk is cut off and removed more than 30 cm from the ground, the device can be used to complete the excavation of cassava roots. The device is hung on the tractor in a three-point suspension mode. During operation, the bottom ends of the two support columns are walking in the furrow, and the driver lifts the traction assembly by manipulating the tractor to gradually lower the root excavating device, so that the soil-entry teeth enter the soil, and then start The potato cutter board goes into the soil, and as the tractor continues to move forward, the front end of the soil-entry tooth cuts into the soil under the root, so that the soil and the root rise together along the blade face of the cutter board at an angle of 30° to the horizontal plane. The movement loosens the soil and gradually separates the soil from the roots. When reaching the back of the blade, the roots and the loose soil slide back from the support columns above the blade to further separate the roots from the soil. Skewers flipped to the ground.

In a word, although the utility model has exemplified the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it should be noted that although those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications, unless such changes and modifications deviate from the scope of the utility model, otherwise all It should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A root excavation device suitable for a cassava combine harvester, including a lifting traction assembly (1), a pull rod (2) and a frame (3), and a lower suspension at the front end of the lifting traction assembly (1) and the frame (3) The hole seat (33) is hinged, and the pull rod (2) is hinged with the upper hanging hole seat (31) on the frame (3), and the feature is that: the two sides of the rear end of the frame (3) stand downwards respectively Be provided with support column (51), be provided with potato cutter plate (52) between the lower end of two support columns (51), the front edge middle part of potato cutter plate (52) is provided with digging tooth (54) upright. 2. A root digging device suitable for a cassava combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: each of the lower ends of the two support columns (51) is provided with a depth-limiting plate (53). 3. A root digging device suitable for cassava combine harvesters according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom surface of the depth-limiting plate (53) forms an angle of 70 ^° with the horizontal plane. 4. A root excavating device suitable for cassava combine harvesters according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the potato cutting board (52) forms an included angle of 28°-33° with the horizontal plane. 5. A root digging device suitable for a cassava combine harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: the potato cutting board (52) forms an included angle of 30° with the horizontal plane.

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