CN202119793U - Device for measuring anemochorous plant seed vertical sedimentation velocity - Google Patents
Device for measuring anemochorous plant seed vertical sedimentation velocity Download PDFInfo
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- CN202119793U CN202119793U CN2011202048026U CN201120204802U CN202119793U CN 202119793 U CN202119793 U CN 202119793U CN 2011202048026 U CN2011202048026 U CN 2011202048026U CN 201120204802 U CN201120204802 U CN 201120204802U CN 202119793 U CN202119793 U CN 202119793U
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种测定风传植物种子垂直沉降速度的装置。其特征在于包括种子垂直沉降光电检测装置和数据处理显示系统，所述的种子垂直沉降光电检测装置包括设置在沉降管顶端的带光电检测系统的种子释放接头、至少1只沉降管、至少1只带光电检测系统的中间接头、1只种子收集瓶和使整个装置保持垂直稳定的支架，所述的带光电检测系统的种子释放接头、带光电检测系统的中间接头分别与沉降管卡接配合，所述的收集瓶位于沉降管的正下方；所述的数据处理显示系统包括微处理器和LCD显示屏，光电检测系统通过数据传输线与数据处理显示系统相连，光电检测系统由恒流电源供电。本实用新型具有测量精度高、装置简单、经济实用、操作简便等优点。
The utility model relates to a device for measuring the vertical settling velocity of wind-borne plant seeds. It is characterized in that it includes a seed vertical settling photoelectric detection device and a data processing and display system, and the seed vertical settling photoelectric detection device includes a seed release joint with a photoelectric detection system arranged on the top of the settling tube, at least one settling tube, at least one An intermediate joint with a photoelectric detection system, a seed collection bottle, and a support that keeps the entire device vertically stable, the seed release joint with a photoelectric detection system, and the intermediate joint with a photoelectric detection system are respectively clamped and matched with the settling tube, The collection bottle is located directly below the settling tube; the data processing and display system includes a microprocessor and an LCD display, and the photoelectric detection system is connected to the data processing and display system through a data transmission line, and the photoelectric detection system is powered by a constant current power supply. The utility model has the advantages of high measuring precision, simple device, economical and practical, and easy operation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to photoelectric detection technology field, is specifically related to a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed.
Background technology
Diffusion is a kind of common approach that vegetable seeds is propagated with the wind.Vegetable seeds is propagated plant population gene flow animal and plant biogeography, syndynamic etc. significant with the wind, and seed vertical sedimentation speed is one of key factor of its diffusion length of decision.
The general volume of hearsay vegetable seeds is little, in light weight, and has pappus, when sedimentation, receives the influence of external environment such as factors such as air-flow, static big.Thereby measure hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation rate request and under the condition that airless disturbs, carry out, need measure the average velocity of different vertical descent altitude usually simultaneously.At present mainly be utilize stopwatch or fast the cameras record seed be deposited to time of differing heights, calculate the average settlement speed of seed." the use wireless terminal carries out method for measuring to speed and realizes system's (application number: 200610126530.6 of this method China's utility model application patent; Publication number CN 1984248) " a kind of system and method that the use wireless terminal is measured the speed of motion object under the preview mode of camera that is used for is proposed; the method has improved degree of accuracy, but this method is not suitable for the settling velocity of measuring millimetre-sized weed seed.China's utility model application patent " is confirmed method and system's (application number: 200810222184.0 thereof of flco/mud granule thing free setting; Publication number CN 101672861A) " proposing a kind of utilization is equipped with the CCD camera of microlens the flco/mud granule that carries out sedimentation is taken pictures continuously; flco/sludge settling distance and the time through shown in the photo record, calculate flco/sludge settling speed.The height maximal value reaches 2 meters because the weed seed sedimentation is tested the speed, and only 0.35 meter of the settling leg of the method, so this square law device also is not suitable for being applicable to the mensuration of weed seed settling velocity.These methods all have the shortcoming of measurement mechanism complicacy, poor accuracy.The more important thing is that must reduce the interference of air draught disturbance to seed when measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed, above method all must be carried out, and is not suitable for the mensuration of hearsay vegetable seeds settling velocity as far as possible in open environment.
The utility model content
To the problem that exists in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of technical scheme of measuring the device of hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed.
Described a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed; It is characterized in that comprising seed vertical sedimentation photoelectric detection system and data processing display system; Described seed vertical sedimentation photoelectric detection system comprises the intermediate head of the seed releasing-joint of the band photodetector system that is arranged on the sedimentation pipe top, at least 1 sedimentation pipe, at least 1 band photodetector system, 1 seed collection bottle and makes whole device keep vertical stable support; The seed releasing-joint of described band photodetector system, the band photodetector system intermediate head respectively with the sedimentation pipe snap fit, described receiving flask be positioned at sedimentation pipe under; Described data processing display system comprises microprocessor and LCD display, and photodetector system links to each other with the data processing display system through data line, and photodetector system is supplied power by constant-current supply.
Described a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed is characterized in that described sedimentation pipe is circular or square stainless-steel tube, or aluminium-alloy pipe.
Described a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed; It is characterized in that described photodetector system is made up of with two slit plates of placement in opposite directions two pcb boards that are provided with in opposite directions; Two slit plates are arranged on the inboard of two pcb boards; Be arranged at intervals with at least 1 photoelectric cell and at least 1 led light source on the pcb board successively, the corresponding setting of led light source on the photoelectric cell on pcb board and another piece pcb board; Photoelectric cell on two pcb boards receives the light signal that the led light source on the pcb board sends from the slit of opposite through the slit on this side slit plate respectively; Led light source on two pcb boards is vertical with sedimentation pipe through the optical plane that slit forms, and the optical plane width equals the sedimentation pipe internal diameter.
Described a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed is characterized in that described slit height is adjustable between 0.5 millimeter to 1.5 millimeters, and the length of slit equals the sedimentation pipe internal diameter.
Described a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed; The seed releasing-joint lower end that it is characterized in that described band photodetector system is set to the bayonet socket with the sedimentation pipe external appearance matching, opens the infundibulate seed liberation port of circular hole in the middle of the upper end is set to; The intermediate head of described band photodetector system up and down two ends all is set to the bayonet socket with the sedimentation pipe external appearance matching.
Described a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed, it is characterized in that described photodetector system be installed in respectively the band photodetector system the seed releasing-joint on the band photodetector system intermediate head on.
Described a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed; It is characterized in that described be installed in the band photodetector system the seed releasing-joint on photodetector system slit the position with the band photodetector system the seed releasing-joint on infundibulate seed liberation port lower edge parallel; The slit that is installed in the photodetector system in the intermediate head of being with photodetector system is opened at the middle part of the intermediate head of band photodetector system, i.e. the interface point place of two adjacent sedimentation pipes.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is:
1. the utility model is staggered with polylith photoelectric cell and led light source relatively; Form and the vertical optical plane in seed sedimentation path through slit; Every photoelectric cell can receive the light signal that the opposite led light source sends through slit through slit; The LED optical plane can cover whole detection light path, avoids getting into the light path blind area in the vegetable seeds dropping process, has improved the sensitivity and measurement success ratio of sensor greatly;
2. the intermediate head of the seed releasing-joint of the band photodetector system of the utility model, band photodetector system also has the effect that connects sedimentation pipe except that the effect with the change in optical signal that produces when obtaining vegetable seeds through light path plane;
3. according to the size and the profile of vegetable seeds to be measured, the sedimentation pipe and the supporting with it joint of different inner diameters, length can be selected arbitrarily, the speed that vegetable seeds falls from the differing heights sedimentation can be measured;
4. the utility model can connect many sedimentation pipes through the Photoelectric Detection joint, the speed when measuring same seed simultaneously and being deposited to differing heights;
5. the seed vertical sedimentation photoelectric detection system of the utility model has been avoided the interference to measuring-signal of outside air flow perturbation and parasitic light; Hearsay vegetable seeds settling velocity lab investigation approximate ideal environment is provided; Measurement result accurately and reliably, the duplicate measurements error is little;
6. the below of the utility model device is provided with a seed collection bottle, helps the collection and the duplicate measurements of weed seed;
7. the data processing display system of the utility model device transfers simulating signal to digital signal; Through software programming; Through keyswitch system is controlled; And the speed when showing same vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation to differing heights intuitively simultaneously on the LCD display, and be kept in the internal memory;
8. the utility model does not need expensive CCD camera head, and is less demanding to experimental enviroment, greatly reduces testing cost;
9. the utility model also has the measuring accuracy height, installs advantages such as simple, economical and practical, easy and simple to handle based on photoelectric detecting technology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model device;
Fig. 2 is the seed releasing-joint synoptic diagram of the utility model band photoelectric detection system;
Fig. 3 is the inner light path synoptic diagram of the utility model photodetector system;
Fig. 4 is the intermediate head synoptic diagram of the utility model band photoelectric detection system;
Fig. 5 is the diagrammatic cross-section of light channel structure in the utility model device;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that one road light signal is handled in the utility model photodetector system;
Fig. 7 measures the process flow diagram of seed settling velocity for the utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description the utility model is further specified:
A kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed; Comprise seed vertical sedimentation photoelectric detection system and data processing display system; Described seed vertical sedimentation photoelectric detection system comprise the band photodetector system that is arranged on the sedimentation pipe top 2, at least 1 of 1, at least 1 sedimentation pipe of seed releasing-joint band photodetector system 3,1 seed collection bottle 4 of intermediate head with make whole device keep vertical stable support 5; The seed releasing-joint 1 of described band photodetector system, the band photodetector system intermediate head 3 respectively with sedimentation pipe 2 snap fit, described receiving flask 4 be positioned at sedimentation pipe 2 under; Described data processing display system comprises microprocessor 6 and LCD display 7, and photodetector system links to each other with the data processing display system through data line 8, and photodetector system is by constant-current supply 9 power supplies.
Sedimentation pipe 2 is circular or square stainless-steel tube or aluminium-alloy pipe, and inner wall smooth is light tight, can select different calibers and length for use with the measurement needs according to the size of seed.
Photodetector system is made up of two pcb boards 12 that are provided with in opposite directions and two slit plates placing in opposite directions; Two slit plates are arranged on the inboard of two pcb boards 12; Be arranged at intervals with the led light source 15 corresponding settings on photoelectric cell 14 and another piece pcb board 12 at least 1 photoelectric cell 14 and 15, pcb boards 12 of at least 1 led light source on the pcb board 12 successively; Photoelectric cell 14 on two pcb boards 12 receives the light signals that the led light source on the pcb board 15 sends from opposite slit 13 through the slit on this side slit plate 13 respectively; Led light source 15 on two pcb boards is vertical with sedimentation pipe 2 through the optical plane that slit 13 forms, and the optical plane width equals sedimentation pipe 2 internal diameters; Slit 13 height are adjustable between 0.5 millimeter to 1.5 millimeters, and the length of slit 13 equals sedimentation pipe 2 internal diameters; This photodetector system is installed on the seed releasing-joint 1 of being with photodetector system respectively and is with in the intermediate head 3 of photodetector system.
Fig. 6 is one tunnel optical signal detecting treatment circuit in the photodetector system, and according to the seed sizes size, each pcb board can repeat some these circuit and expand test zone, and optical signal detecting treatment circuit and the staggered layout of led light source.This circuit has the function of input, signal amplification, filtering and comparison; When vegetable seeds falls through pick-up unit; Photoelectric cell detects the feeble signal fluctuation that the back produces; Amplify through first amplifier, pass through capacitor filtering then, after through second amplifier comparison process, export high level (5V power supply) pulse.This pulse signal input microprocessor can be calculated the settling velocity of weed seed again, and intuitively is presented on the LCD display through software programming.
Seed releasing-joint 1 lower end of band photodetector system is set to the bayonet socket 10 with the sedimentation pipe external appearance matching, opens the infundibulate seed liberation port 11 of circular hole in the middle of the upper end is set to; The intermediate head of described band photodetector system all is set to the bayonet socket with sedimentation pipe 2 external appearance matching in two ends about in the of 3.
The position of slit 13 that is installed in the photodetector system on the seed releasing-joint 1 of band photodetector system is parallel with infundibulate seed liberation port 11 lower edges of seed releasing-joint 1 upper end of being with photodetector system; The slit 13 that is installed in the photodetector system in the intermediate head 3 of being with photodetector system is opened at the middle part of the intermediate head 3 of band photodetector system, i.e. the interface point place of two adjacent sedimentation pipes 2.
Utilize the utility model to measure hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation method of velocity, may further comprise the steps:
1) the vertical sedimentation height of measuring, is as required selected the sedimentation pipe of respective length, connects seed vertical sedimentation photoelectric detection system;
2), above-mentioned seed vertical sedimentation photoelectric detection system is linked to each other with the data processing display system, turn on the power switch, for system powers on data line;
3), single vegetable seeds to be measured is placed the seed releasing-joint porch of said band photodetector system, touch seed and make its nature vertical landing from the porch with ceramic tweezers;
When vegetable seeds vertically passes through the light path of described photodetector system; Moment is blocked the stable optical plane on the photoelectric cell that is radiated at; Cause the photoelectric cell change in detection signal; The light intensity pulse signal that microprocessing systems is produced when noting seed through starting point and differing heights; Through amplification, comparison process; Can obtain seeds fall required time
when the differing heights; Can calculate the sedimentation average velocity of seed according to formula
; Wherein:
: the average velocity in be
when point;
: be the difference in height of starting point to the
point; With true altitude difference input microprocessing systems internal memory,
is deposited to the time for the detected seed of photodetector system before the test;
Microprocessing systems calculates the vertical sedimentation average velocity of seed at differing heights, and is presented on the LCD display;
4), the seed that will fall into the seed collection bottle fetches, duplicate measurements or preserve subsequent use.
The utility model can block the stable pulse signal that produces when being radiated at the light source on the photoelectric cell through herborization seed settling process moment; Obtain the needed time of vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation to level altitude; Calculate the sedimentation average velocity of vegetable seeds, scientific basis is provided for the diffusion of research weeds spreads rule.
The described device of the utility model can be that centimetre-sized, millimetre-sized hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed are measured to diameter; Have advantages such as measuring accuracy height, good stability, dismounting be simple, easy to carry; Be suitable for laboratory measurement, also be suitable for field work.The described method of the utility model is simple to operate, measurement data stable, can measure the average velocity that same vegetable seeds settles down from differing heights simultaneously.
The seed vertical sedimentation velocity determination of embodiment one Solidago Canadensis
1. experimental technique:
The experiments of measuring device mainly is made up of intermediate head, support, seed trap, microprocessor, LCD display, constant-current supply, the data line of the seed releasing-joint of 1 band photodetector system, 1 circular stainless steel sedimentation pipe, 1 band photodetector system.60 millimeters of circular stainless steel sedimentation pipe diameters highly are 1 meter.Settled the square photoelectric cell of 3 10mm * 10mm on the every pcb board of photodetector system; Model is SP-10A, DIP encapsulation and 3 SMD encapsulation white light LEDs, the power 0.06W of LED; 120 ° of 20mA, the angles of divergence, photoelectric cell and LED are linear alternated arrangement.Pcb board is placed in slit back, 1.0 millimeters of slit heights, 60 millimeters of length; The LED light source sees through slit and forms and the vertical optical plane of vegetable seeds sedimentation descent path, shines on the photoelectric cell of identical slit back, opposite.
With the seed of single Solidago Canadensis of ceramic tweezers gripping, be put into the liberation port edge of seed releasing-joint, light seed adjustment makes it vertically get in the sedimentation pipe from liberation port, after seed falls into seed trap, on display, demonstrates sedimentation average velocity.
From the seed collection bottle, fetch seed, repeat above experiment, repeat 5 times, obtain the mean value and the standard deviation of same seed settling velocity.
2. experimental result:
Seed to 10 Solidago Canadensis is measured, every seed duplicate measurements 5 times, result (unit: m/s) as shown in table 1.
The Solidago Canadensis seed sedimentation average velocity that table 1 is measured
Measure in the time of the seed differing heights vertical sedimentation speed of embodiment two mountain lettuces
1. experimental technique:
The experiments of measuring device mainly is made up of intermediate head, support, seed collection bottle, microprocessor, LCD display, constant-current supply, the data line of the seed releasing-joint of 1 band photodetector system, 3 square stainless steel sedimentation pipes, 3 band photodetector systems.30 millimeters of the square stainless steel sedimentation pipe length of sides, every length is 0.5 meter, connects through intermediate head, can measure the seed settling height simultaneously and be 0.5 meter, 1 meter, 1.5 meters settling velocity.
Seed with single mountain lettuce of ceramic tweezers gripping; Be put into the liberation port edge of seed releasing-joint; Light seed adjustment; It is vertically got in the sedimentation pipe from liberation port, after seed falls into seed trap, on display, demonstrate settling height respectively and be 0.5 meter, 1 meter, 1.5 o'clock sedimentation average velocity.
From the seed collection bottle, fetch seed, repeat above experiment, repeat 5 times, obtain the mean value and the standard deviation of same seed settling velocity.
2. experimental result:
Seed to 10 mountain lettuces is measured, every seed duplicate measurements 5 times, the sedimentation average velocity (unit: m/s) shown in table 2, table 3 and table 4 under the differing heights.
The sedimentation average velocity of 0.5 meter height of table 2 mountain lactuca sativa seeds
The sedimentation average velocity that table 3 mountain lactuca sativa seeds is 1.0 meters
The sedimentation average velocity that table 4 mountain lactuca sativa seeds is 1.5 meters
Experimental data shows that the utility model is less to the duplicate measurements deviation of same seed sedimentation average velocity, shows with this devices and methods therefor to measure high, the good reproducibility of grass-seed vertical sedimentation average velocity stability.The average velocity of different settling heights does not have significant difference, show this seed after 0.5 meter with uniform settling.
Claims (7)
1. device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed; It is characterized in that comprising seed vertical sedimentation photoelectric detection system and data processing display system; Described seed vertical sedimentation photoelectric detection system comprises the intermediate head of the seed releasing-joint of the band photodetector system that is arranged on the sedimentation pipe top, at least 1 sedimentation pipe, at least 1 band photodetector system, 1 seed collection bottle and makes whole device keep vertical stable support; The seed releasing-joint of described band photodetector system, the band photodetector system intermediate head respectively with the sedimentation pipe snap fit, described receiving flask be positioned at sedimentation pipe under; Described data processing display system comprises microprocessor and LCD display, and photodetector system links to each other with the data processing display system through data line, and photodetector system is supplied power by constant-current supply.
2. a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed according to claim 1 is characterized in that described sedimentation pipe is circular or square stainless-steel tube, or aluminium-alloy pipe.
3. a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described photodetector system is made up of with two slit plates of placement in opposite directions two pcb boards that are provided with in opposite directions; Two slit plates are arranged on the inboard of two pcb boards; Be arranged at intervals with at least 1 photoelectric cell and at least 1 led light source on the pcb board successively, the corresponding setting of led light source on the photoelectric cell on pcb board and another piece pcb board; Photoelectric cell on two pcb boards receives the light signal that the led light source on the pcb board sends from the slit of opposite through the slit on this side slit plate respectively; Led light source on two pcb boards is vertical with sedimentation pipe through the optical plane that slit forms, and the optical plane width equals the sedimentation pipe internal diameter.
4. a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed according to claim 3 is characterized in that described slit height is adjustable between 0.5 millimeter to 1.5 millimeters, and the length of slit equals the sedimentation pipe internal diameter.
5. a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed according to claim 1; The seed releasing-joint lower end that it is characterized in that described band photodetector system is set to the bayonet socket with the sedimentation pipe external appearance matching, opens the infundibulate seed liberation port of circular hole in the middle of the upper end is set to; The intermediate head of described band photodetector system up and down two ends all is set to the bayonet socket with the sedimentation pipe external appearance matching.
6. a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described photodetector system be installed in respectively the band photodetector system the seed releasing-joint on the band photodetector system intermediate head on.
7. a kind of device of measuring hearsay vegetable seeds vertical sedimentation speed according to claim 6; It is characterized in that described be installed in the band photodetector system the seed releasing-joint on photodetector system slit the position with the band photodetector system the seed releasing-joint on infundibulate seed liberation port lower edge parallel; The slit that is installed in the photodetector system in the intermediate head of being with photodetector system is opened at the middle part of the intermediate head of band photodetector system, i.e. the interface point place of two adjacent sedimentation pipes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202048026U CN202119793U (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | Device for measuring anemochorous plant seed vertical sedimentation velocity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202048026U CN202119793U (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | Device for measuring anemochorous plant seed vertical sedimentation velocity |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202119793U true CN202119793U (en) | 2012-01-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202048026U Expired - Lifetime CN202119793U (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | Device for measuring anemochorous plant seed vertical sedimentation velocity |
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| CN (1) | CN202119793U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102353805A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-02-15 | 中国计量学院 | Apparatus for measuring wind dispersal plant seed vertical sedimentation velocity and method thereof |
| CN116297055A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-06-23 | 河北兰梦环保科技有限公司 | Air quality detector |
-
2011
- 2011-06-17 CN CN2011202048026U patent/CN202119793U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102353805A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-02-15 | 中国计量学院 | Apparatus for measuring wind dispersal plant seed vertical sedimentation velocity and method thereof |
| CN102353805B (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-09-12 | 中国计量学院 | Apparatus for measuring wind dispersal plant seed vertical sedimentation velocity and method thereof |
| CN116297055A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-06-23 | 河北兰梦环保科技有限公司 | Air quality detector |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20120118 Effective date of abandoning: 20120912 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20120118 Effective date of abandoning: 20120912 |