CN202057561U - Micropressure test experimental device for berries - Google Patents

Abstract

A berry micro-pressure testing device. It adopts a gear transmission mechanism with coarse and fine adjustment, uses the principle of proportional reduction of the lever, implements the pressure of the probe, and adjusts the pressure on the surface of the berry to the required value in combination with the display of the electronic weighing workbench. Coarse adjustment is realized by helical gear mechanism and rack and pinion mechanism. Fine adjustment is achieved by parallel shaft external gear train decelerating and increasing torque. A blind hole with only a small distance from the rotating shaft is opened on the large gear on the fine-tuning gear train frame, and the segmented top is used to push or release the slider pressed by the compression spring to realize the micro-distance transmission, thereby realizing the micro-adjustment of the probe position. Under normal slight pressure, the berry skin will not be damaged. The adjustment method is to adjust from less than the set pressure, and approach until the set pressure is reached. The fine-tuning knob has its working limit range. After each test, the fine-tuning knob should be rotated to reset the slider to the upper limit point.

Description

Berry micro pressure test experimental device

technical field

The utility model relates to a device for pressure testing berries. The berry micro-pressure testing experimental device adopts a pressure knob with coarse adjustment and fine adjustment, and is equipped with an electronic weighing workbench. The pressure knob controls the position of the force probe, and the electronic weighing table displays the pressure. Solve the specific problems of the stress experiment of simulating the impact of mechanical damage on fresh-keeping performance in mechanized picking of berry fruits.

Background technique

In order to solve the simulation problem of the test of the impact of mechanical damage on the fresh-keeping performance of berry fruits caused by mechanized picking, fruit hardness testers for testing fruit maturity have been developed at home and abroad. This type of hardness tester is used to measure the hardness of apples, pears, watermelons, bananas, strawberries, mangoes, grapes, olives and other fruits. Their ratio is defined as fruit firmness (P). It is used to determine the ripeness of the fruit, or by inserting a probe of a specific size into the fruit, measuring the force necessary to insert the probe, and using the force reading to characterize the timely picking time. It is convenient for the reasonable control of cultivating fine varieties, picking time, processing time, harvesting storage, export transportation, etc. picking and monitoring the softening of fruit during storage. The common feature currently used for fruit pressure measuring instruments is that the diameter of the probe used to measure small fruits is less than or equal to 6mm. When measuring, the tester is installed on the fruit hardness tester table, the fruit is placed on the table, and the stainless steel probe is close to and perpendicular to the fruit. On the upper side, press the probe, so that the probe will destroy the skin of the fruit and enter the pulp due to the elastic force of the large enough force-measuring spring. The small gear also deflects, which drives the large gear meshed with it to produce a large-angle deflection. Because the deflection is within the corresponding spring elastic range, it is proportional to the pressure of the spring. Therefore, after calibration, the corresponding value can be read. The maximum force when the probe penetrates into the depth. To convert it into fruit hardness, just divide the area of the probe end face. This kind of fruit hardness tester has been used in fruit tree scientific research departments, fruit tree farms, fruit companies, colleges and universities and other units. However, since these fruit hardness testers measure strawberries, red bayberries, raspberries, blackberries and other fruits without skin protection in a penetrating manner, they will cause direct damage to the tested fruits, greatly shorten the shelf life of the fruits, and the price of such products is relatively high. high. Therefore, for colleges and research institutes to face the pressure test problem of studying the influence of micro-mechanical damage on the fresh-keeping performance of berries, it is necessary to design a more reasonable micro-pressure application device to ensure the experimental conditions.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problem that the fruit hardness tester currently on the market is not suitable for pressure testing in universities, colleges and scientific research institutes, etc. to study the influence of micro-mechanical damage on the fresh-keeping performance of berry fruits, the utility model provides an experimental device for micro-pressure testing of berries. The test device adopts a pressure knob with coarse adjustment and fine adjustment to drive the force-applying probe to apply pressure to the fruit without changing the integrity of the fruit. The electronic weighing workbench with an accuracy of 1g is pressed to display a small pressure value . Achieve non-destructive micro-pressure on the fruit.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem of micro-pressure testing of berries is: the device is designed to be composed of a base, a fine-tuning transmission box, a slider, a coarse-tuning vertical arm box, a force measuring head, and an electronic weighing work. Table, work chassis and other components. The coarse adjustment vertical arm box is equipped with a coarse adjustment driving gear. The driving helical gear drives the driven helical gear, and drives the secondary helical rack on the slider to achieve deceleration, and realizes the coarse adjustment of the height position of the force-applying probe. The lower end of the fine-tuning transmission box is fixedly connected with the base, and the box is equipped with a parallel shaft external meshing gear train. When the fine-tuning knob rotates, the coaxial driving pinion rotates, driving the high-speed double gear meshed with it, and the high-speed double gear drives the meshed gear. Low-speed double gear, the pinion drives the gear section to rotate through meshing, a small blind hole is drilled in the vertical direction near the axis of the gear section, and a segmented columnar thimble is placed directly above the thimble. Drive the columnar thimble to move, the top of the top of the thimble bears against the slider pressed down by the spring, once the segmented columnar thimble is driven down, the supported slider will move down a small distance, the second stage on the slider The helical rack is in a self-locking state due to the meshing with the helical gear at this time, so the movement of the slider drives the entire coarse-adjustment vertical arm box and the force-applying probe to move down a small distance, thereby realizing the fine-tuning of the height of the force-applying probe. Make the berries on the working chassis equipped with electronic weighing workbench get proper experimental pressure, and read the force value from the electronic weighing workbench, simulating the tiny mechanical damage caused by manipulator picking.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the deceleration of the gear train and the proportional reduction of the lever are integrated into one. Does not damage the protective berry peel. The pressure sensor of the electronic weighing workbench can be replaced, and the measuring heads of different diameters and materials can be replaced to adjust the experimental accuracy and detection range. Through the actual measurement of the manufactured prototype, the device has simple mechanical structure, stable working performance and strong reliability of applying small pressure.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the general assembly of the berry micro-pressure test experimental device

In the figure 1. Measuring head, 2. Coarse adjustment arm box, 3. Coarse adjustment knob, 4. Slider, 5. Base, 6. Fine adjustment transmission box, 7. Fine adjustment knob, 8. Working chassis, 9. Positioning Block, 10. Electronic weighing bench.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the partial section view of the rough adjustment structure of the vertical position of the probe in the general assembly drawing of Figure 1 (I)

In the figure 2. Coarse adjustment arm box, 3. Coarse adjustment knob, 4. Slider, 6. Fine adjustment transmission box, 11. Coarse adjustment driving helical gear, 12. Driven helical gear, 13. Dovetail groove stopper, 14. helical rack, 15. stage clip, 23. middle slide block, 24. pressing plate, 25.V type slide block.

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the partial cross-sectional view of the vertical position fine adjustment structure of the probe in the general assembly drawing of Figure 1 (II)

In the figure 4. slider, 5. base, 6. fine-tuning transmission box, 16. driving pinion, 17. high-speed double gear, 18. low-speed double gear, 19. gear segment, 20. segmented columnar thimble, 21 .Frame ferrule, 22. Wheel train support, 23. Middle slide block.

Detailed ways

The berry micro-pressure testing experimental device can be used for fruit scientific research in colleges and research institutes. Generally, fruit tree farms and fruit companies use a larger displacement of the force-measuring spring to provide a larger test pressure, while colleges and research institutes often require a given experimental pressure or steplessly adjustable pressure for mechanized harvesting of agricultural products. . This design takes the tiny pressure testing device as an example.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, firstly, the positioning block (9) is used to adjust the centering of the horizontal position of the electronic weighing workbench (10), so that the axis of the measuring head (1) and the electronic weighing workbench (10) measure Align the center, then slowly raise the vertical arm vertical arm casing (2) by adjusting the coarse adjustment knob (3) of the coarse adjustment vertical arm casing (2), place the tested berries on the electronic weighing workbench of the device ( 10) In the center, adjust the coarse adjustment knob (3) and the fine adjustment knob (7) respectively, so as to apply a suitable experimental force to the tested berries.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view (I) of a partial cross-sectional view of the rough adjustment structure. Drive the coarse adjustment knob (3) to drive the driving helical gear (11), the gear mechanism meshes to transmit the motion to the driven helical gear (12), and the driven helical gear (12) and the helical rack ( 14) engagement, slide block (4) and middle slide block (23), V-type slide block (25) is connected by screw, V-type slide block (25) is compressed under pressure spring (15) by pressing plate (24). When the V-shaped slider (25) does not move, as long as the coarse adjustment knob (3) is driven, the driven helical gear (12) can mesh with the helical rack (14) on the slider (4) to drive the dovetail groove The coarse adjustment vertical arm box (2) of the structure slides up and down as a whole, thereby realizing the coarse adjustment linkage. The figure clearly shows the positions of the components of the helical gear mechanism and the helical rack and pinion mechanism.

Figure 3 is an enlarged view (II) of a partial cross-sectional view of the fine-tuning structure. It mainly shows the realization of the fine-tuning movement. The installation structure of each accessory of the parallel shaft external meshing gear train installed in the base (5) and the fine-tuning transmission box (6), the installation structure of the segmented columnar thimble (20), and the V-shaped slider (25) and thimble (20) are clarified. ) installation and connection method.

The V-shaped slide block (25) is compressed under the pressure spring (15), which compresses the upper thimble of the segmented columnar thimble (20) supported in the blind hole of its lower segment, and the lower segmental columnar thimble (20) of the segmented columnar thimble (20). The thimble is surrounded by the frame collar (21) of the gear section (19) on the wheel train support (22), and is pressed in a small blind hole near the rotating shaft of the gear section (19). Because the torque is small, When there is no driving of the fine-tuning knob (6), the fine-tuning transmission gear train mechanism is generally stationary, the slider (4) where the helical rack (14) is located is stationary, and the driven helical gear (12) is realized along the helical rack (14). Visibly move up and down. Turn the coarse adjustment knob (3) and lower the probe (1) slightly counterclockwise on the right hand side. Observe with the naked eye that it will contact the surface of the berry to be tested. Slowly adjust the coarse adjustment knob (3) while observing the electronic weighing workbench ( 10) In the digital display area, when it is close to a value slightly less than the experimental pressure, immediately change to the right hand side and slowly adjust the fine-tuning knob (7) clockwise. The coaxial driving pinion (16) rotates to drive the high-speed dual gear (17) meshed with it, and then drives the low-speed dual gear (18) meshed with it, and the pinion in (18) drives the gear section ( 19) Rotate to drive the segmented columnar thimble (20) to move down, and the V-shaped slider (25) will also move down through the elastic release of the compression spring (15), and the helical rack (14) on the slider (4) Since the meshing with the helical gear (12) is in a self-locking state at this time, the movement of the slider (4) drives the entire coarse adjustment vertical arm box (2) and the measuring head (1) to move down a small distance, thereby realizing the measuring head (1) There is a slight drop in height position. Fine-tuning will observe the digital display area of the electronic weighing workbench (10) simultaneously, so that the berry can obtain accurate experimental pressure. When applying force, it is considered that the adjustment is to adjust from less than the set pressure to the set pressure. The fine adjustment knob has its working limit range, so the fine adjustment knob must be rotated to the upper limit point of the slider after each experiment.

Claims (5)

1. An experimental device for berry micro-pressure testing. The base is equipped with a fine-tuning transmission box. The fine-tuning transmission box and the coarse-adjustment arm box are connected by means of a slider with a rack. The coarse-adjustment arm box is connected with a measuring head. The table is fixedly connected to the fine-tuning transmission box through screws, and its characteristics are: the fine-tuning transmission box is fixedly connected with the base screw, and the coarse-adjustment force arm box engages, connects and drives the slider through the upper dovetail groove stopper through the rack and pinion. , the fine-tuning transmission box and the slider are constrained by the dovetail notch on the fine-tuning transmission box and their mutual positions are adjusted by the lifting of the segmented top. 2. The experimental device for micro-pressure testing of berries according to claim 1, characterized in that: a gear mechanism is arranged in the box body of the coarse adjustment arm, and its left and right main and driven gears are respectively connected with the box body with pin shafts, and the dovetail groove stops The block is open in the slot through which the working tooth surface of the driven gear protrudes. 3. The berry micro-pressure test experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: parallel shaft external meshing gear train and its bracket are installed in the fine-tuning transmission box, each gear is connected with the bracket plate through a pin shaft, and the gear train is used for passing through the bracket. The screws are fixed on the support bottom plate, the support bottom plate has a counterbore, and the screw is connected with the wall of the fine-tuning transmission box, and the fine-tuning transmission box is fixedly connected on the base with screws. 4. The experimental device for micro-pressure testing of berries according to claim 1, characterized in that: the workbench is fixed on the upper end of the fine-tuning transmission box by screws, and is disc-shaped. 5. The experimental device for micro-pressure testing of berries according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the measuring head is Φ30, and the material has carbon steel and nylon rods for selection, and one end is screwed to the center of the upper end of the coarse adjustment arm box.

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