CN201911049U - Spike and stalk integrally-harvesting type self-propelled corn combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model specifically relates to a self-propelled corn combine harvester with both ears and stems, comprising a frame on which a driver's cab, a plate-type ear picking device, an ear lifter and a peeling device are arranged, and is characterized in that the peeling device Located in the middle of the frame, there is a horizontal auger between the ear elevator and the peeling device. The output port of the ear elevator is located above the input port of the horizontal auger, and the output port of the horizontal auger is located above the peeling device. There is also a straw recovery device fixed on the frame below the ear device and the cab, including a straw cutting device, a straw collecting device, a straw conveying device and a straw chopping and throwing device. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the functions of ear picking, peeling, ear collection, straw cutting, stem chopping, straw throwing and straw collection, etc., and can harvest both corn ears and corn stalks. The machine has multiple functions, avoiding resource waste and environmental pollution caused by straw burning, and improving social and economic benefits.

Description

Self-propelled Corn Combine Harvester with Ear and Stem Harvesting

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a self-propelled corn combine harvester which integrates the functions of ear picking and stalk collection.

Background technique

Due to the relatively high moisture content of corn harvested in our country, it is not feasible in my country to directly harvest the grains by using a grain harvester like in foreign countries. At present, the corn harvester is still harvesting the ears and then drying them in the field, and threshing after the moisture content of the corn ears is reduced to a certain value. There are three main ways to deal with corn stalks: crushing and returning to the field, straw recycling and direct burning of straw. Direct burning of straw causes waste of resources and pollutes the environment, which is the most undesirable. Straw crushing and returning to the field is mainly to install a straw returning machine in the middle and rear of the corn harvester. Since the returning machine is installed in the middle and rear, it is difficult to crush and return the straw that has been rolled into the soil by the wheels. The power consumption of the machine is large, which increases the operation cost of returning directly to the field. Corn stalks are important animal feed and fuel resources, and the content involved in this patent is the collection, crushing, storage or direct return of corn stalks.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to solve the defect that the self-propelled corn combine harvester in the prior art has no corn stalk recovery function, and provide a corn stalk that can be recovered and used as industrial raw materials or processed into feed, which is beneficial to crop growth and protection. Self-propelled corn combine harvester with both ears and stems that saves ecological environment and saves resources.

The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

That is, a self-propelled corn combine harvester with both ears and stems, including a frame on which a cab, a plate-type ear picking device, an ear elevator and a peeling device are arranged. The ear elevator is located in a part of the cab. On the side, the plate-type ear picking device is located at the front and lower part of the cab. It is characterized in that the peeling device is located in the middle of the frame. A horizontal auger is installed between the ear elevator and the peeling device. The output port of the ear elevator is located at the input of the horizontal auger. Above the opening, the output port of the horizontal auger is located above the peeling device. There is also a set of straw recovery device fixed on the frame below the plate-type ear picking device and the cab, including straw cutting device, straw collecting device, straw conveying device and straw chopping and throwing device, the straw cutting device is installed in front of the straw collecting device, consists of a stem cutting tube shaft and cutting blades interlacedly installed on the stem cutting tube shaft, and is installed between the straw cutting device and the straw conveying device The straw collecting device in between is composed of the auger shell and the auger blade, the input port of the straw conveying device is connected with the output port of the straw collecting device, and the output port of the straw conveying device is connected with the input port of the straw chopping and throwing device. It consists of a bridge and multiple feeding rollers installed on the bridge. Behind the straw conveying device is a straw chopping and throwing device, which is composed of a chopper and a throwing cylinder.

The straw cutting device adopts a rotor milling cutter type cutting device, and the cutting knife is a rotor milling cutter, which is staggeredly installed on the stem cutting tube shaft. As an optimal solution: the straw cutting device can be composed of ten rotor milling cutters and a stem-cutting tube shaft, five rows of ten rotor milling cutters are installed on the stem-cutting tube shaft in a staggered manner, and are fixed by bolts arranged in a staggered manner.

The auger casing of the straw collecting device is welded with reinforcing ribs, and the upper and lower ends of the reinforcing ribs are respectively provided with a large pipe beam, and the middle part is provided with a small pipe beam. As an optimal solution: the auger mouth is reinforced with two arc-shaped angle steels, and the adjustment seats are installed on both sides of the auger shaft to adjust the gap between the auger blades and the auger housing.

The straw conveying device adopts a single-row feeding roller structure, and the number of feeding rollers is 4. The diameter of the first three feeding rollers is the same, and the diameter of the fourth feeding roller is 70-80% of the diameter of the first three feeding rollers. , and the gaps between the four feeding rollers and the bottom plate of the bridge are equal, and the gaps between each feeding roller are equal.

A floating mechanism is installed between the first feeding roller and the second feeding roller, the floating mechanism includes a floating arm and a tension spring, and the rotating shafts of the first feeding roller and the second feeding roller are connected with the floating arm One end of the tension spring is connected to the floating arm at the first feeding roller, and the other end is fixed on the side wall of the bridge. The elongation of the extension spring will be automatically adjusted with the different feeding amount of straw, so that the first feeding roller can float up and down around the second feeding roller, so as to facilitate the smooth feeding of straw.

The feeding roller adopts the rack-type roller type. Each feeding roller is welded with multiple rows of racks along the axial direction. The rack teeth of the first feeding roller to the fourth feeding roller change gradually from sharp teeth to flat teeth. The tooth profiles of the racks of the second and third feeding rollers are the same.

After the straw is cut by the straw cutting device, it enters the straw collecting device, the straw conveying device and the straw chopping and throwing device successively, and is chopped and thrown out in the straw chopping and throwing device. The rack teeth of the four feeding rollers gradually change from sharp teeth to flat teeth from front to back, and the speed increases sequentially from front to back, so that the conveying speed of straw is getting faster and faster, which can effectively prevent straw from being blocked during conveying, It also has the function of straightening. The shredded straw is directly thrown out by the wind force generated by the high-speed rotation of the chopper.

The chopper of the straw chopping and throwing device is a straight-blade obliquely mounted drum-type chopper, including a moving knife, a fixed knife, a moving knife disc and a chopper shell, and the throwing cylinder is a straight-throwing throwing cylinder . The moving knife is installed on the moving knife supporting plate, and the moving knife supporting plate is installed on the moving knife plate. The moving knife plate is a welded part. Closed, the sides of the housing are not closed.

Part of the power of the utility model is transmitted to the plate-type ear picking device through the power input shaft, a part is transmitted to the straw chopping and throwing device, a part is transmitted to the straw recovery device, and part of the power transmitted to the straw recovery device is transmitted to the straw conveying device and straw collection. One part is used for straw conveying, and the other part is transferred to the straw cutting part through the gearbox.

The specific working process of the utility model is as follows: the plate-type ear picking device picks off the ears, and the picked ears are diverted to the peeling device through the elevator and the horizontal auger, and then directly enter the granary after being peeled by the peeling roller. While picking the ears, the high-speed rotating cutting knife quickly cuts off the corn plants without support. The cut stalks are thrown into the stalk collecting device. In order to facilitate the collection of stalks, the auger blades in the auger housing rotate in the opposite direction to the cutting knife. The straw is transported to the straw conveying device through the blades of the auger, and a floating device is installed at the first feeding roller. When the feeding amount increases, the first feeding roller overcomes the tension of the tension spring and floats up to increase the feeding gap, so that The straw is fed smoothly. The feeding roller adopts the rack type roller type, which can increase the clamping and conveying capacity of the straw. During the conveying process, the rack teeth of the four feeding rollers gradually change from sharp teeth to flat teeth from front to back, and the speed increases sequentially from front to back. The straw conveying speed becomes faster and faster, and the straw is smoothly conveyed to the straw cutting and throwing The device is shredded by a high-speed rotating knife. When the chopper completes the straw chopping work, it relies on the high-speed rotation of the chopper shaft to directly throw the straw out through the direct-throwing throwing cylinder. The shredder cooperates with the overrunning clutch. After the power input stops, the shredding knife continues to run under the action of inertia to prevent the straw left in the throwing cylinder from blocking the shredder. Afterwards, the straw thrown out is recycled and ensiled. Like this, just finished whole stalk recovery work.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the functions of ear picking, peeling, ear collection, straw cutting, stem chopping, straw throwing and straw collection. Compared with returning to the field, it consumes less power. At the same time, when the straw is recycled, the impurity rate is low, which is suitable for feed or fuel. By changing the speed ratio, the cutting length and throwing distance of the straw can be changed; the single-row feeding roller structure makes the machine small in size and simple in structure; It is more compact and highly integrated; the speed of the feeding roller is increased gradually, so that the straw conveying device has the ability to straighten and prevent clogging; the cutting knife is installed in multiple stages, so that the force on the cutting shaft is even.

In a word, this utility model patent can not only harvest corn ears, but also harvest corn stalks, realize one machine with multiple functions, avoid resource waste and environmental pollution caused by straw burning, and improve social and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model straw recycling device;

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of item A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the first feeding roller of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is the enlarged schematic view of the second feeding roller of the utility model;

Fig. 6 is the enlarged schematic diagram of the third feeding roller of the present utility model;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the fourth feeding roller of the present invention.

As shown in the figure: 1 cab; 2 plate picking device; 3 straw cutting device; 4 straw collecting device; 5 straw conveying device; 6 straw chopping and throwing device; 7 frame; device; 10 bridge; 11 fourth feeding roller; 12 third feeding roller; 13 second feeding roller; 14 floating arm; 15 first feeding roller; 16 small tube beam; 17 auger shell; 18 large Tube beam; 19 stem cutting pipe shaft; 20 cutting knife; 21 reinforcing rib; 22 extension spring; 23 chopper shell; 24 moving knife; 25 moving cutter disc; 26 throwing cylinder; 27 adjusting seat; device; 29 horizontal augers; 30 auger blades.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 7: the cab 1 is installed on the frame 7, the ear elevator 28 is installed on the right side of the cab 1, the plate type ear picking device 2 installed on the front and bottom of the cab, Straw cutting device 3 and straw collecting device 4 below the ear device 2, straw conveying device 5 and straw chopping and throwing device 6 installed under the cab 1, peeling device 8 installed on the frame 7, plate-type ear picking device 2. The upper end is connected to the cab 1 through the rotating shaft of the upper cutting platform, and the lower end is connected to the bridge 10 through the suspension plate. When working, the hydraulic cylinder is against the suspension plate, and the suspension plate acts on the plate-type ear picking device 2, thereby realizing the plate-type ear picking device. 2. Move up and down around the rotation axis of the upper header.

The straw recycling device includes a straw cutting device 3 , a straw collecting device 4 , a straw conveying device 5 and a straw chopping and throwing device 6 . Wherein, the stalk cutting device 3 is installed in front of the stalk collecting device 4, and consists of a stem cutting tube shaft 19 and five rows of ten cutting knives 20 that are staggeredly installed on the stem cutting tube shaft 19, and the cutting knives 20 are rotor milling cutters. The straw collecting device 4 installed between the straw cutting device 3 and the straw conveying device 5 is composed of an auger housing 17 and an auger blade 30 . The input port of the straw conveying device 5 is connected with the output port of the straw collecting device 4, the output port of the straw conveying device 5 is connected with the input port of the straw chopping and throwing device 6, and the straw conveying device 5 is connected by the cross bridge 10 and the cross bridge 10. The first feeding roller 15, the second feeding roller 13, the third feeding roller 12 and the smaller fourth feeding roller 11 of a diameter on the 10 are formed. The conveying device adopts the conveying method of a single row of feeding rollers. The feeding roller adopts a rack-type roller shape, and the rack tooth shape of the four feeding rollers gradually changes from sharp teeth to flat teeth from front to back. A floating device is installed between the first feeding roller 15 and the second feeding roller 13 , including a floating arm 14 and a tension spring 22 . When the feeding amount increases, the first feeding roller 15 overcomes the pulling force of the extension spring 22 and floats around the second feeding roller 13, so that the straw is fed smoothly. Straw chopping throwing device 6 is positioned at the back of straw conveying device 5, and this device is installed in the below of driver's cab 1, is made up of moving knife 24, fixed knife, moving cutter head 25, chopper housing 23 and throwing tube 26.

When the utility model is working: the plate-type fringe picking device 2 picks off the fruit ears, and the plucked fruit ears are transported to the peeling device 8 through the elevator, and directly enter the granary after being peeled by the peeling device. While plucking the ear, the cutting knife 20 rotating at high speed cuts off the corn plant quickly in an unsupported state. The cut stalks are thrown into the auger housing 17 under the action of inertia, and the auger blades 30 in the auger housing 17 rotate in the opposite direction to the cutting knife 20, so that the stalks can enter the straw conveying device 5 smoothly. The stalks entering the stalk conveying device 5 are transported backwards under the action of the feeding rollers. A floating device is provided at the first feeding roller 15. When the feeding amount increases, the first feeding roller 15 can overcome the tension of the extension spring 22 and float upwards to increase the feeding gap so that the straw can be fed smoothly. The feeding roller adopts the rack-type roller type, which can increase the clamping and conveying capacity of the straw. During the conveying process, the rotational speeds of the four feeding rollers increase sequentially, and the straw is smoothly conveyed to the straw chopping and throwing device 6 under the action of the feeding rollers. The straw transported to the outlet of the straw conveying device 10 is shredded by the moving knife 24 rotating at high speed under the clamping action of the fixed knife and the fourth feeding roller 11 . When the chopper completes the stalk chopping work, it relies on the high-speed rotation of the chopper shaft to directly throw the stalks out through the straight-throwing throwing cylinder 26 . An overrunning clutch is added between the power input pulley and the chopping shaft. After the power input stops, the chopping knife continues to operate under the inertial effect, preventing straw from being left over in the throwing tube 26 and blocking the chopper. Afterwards, the straw thrown out is recycled and ensiled. Like this, just finished whole stalk recovery work.

Claims (7)

1. A self-propelled corn combine harvester with both ears and stalks, comprising a frame, the frame is provided with a cab, a plate-type ear picking device, an ear elevator and a peeling device, and the ear elevator is located at the side of the driver's cab On one side, the plate-type ear picking device is located at the front and lower part of the cab. It is characterized in that the peeling device is located in the middle of the frame, and a horizontal auger is provided between the ear elevator and the peeling device, and the output port of the ear elevator is located on the horizontal auger. Above the input port, the output port of the horizontal auger is located above the peeling device. There is also a set of straw recovery device fixed on the frame under the plate-type ear picking device and the cab, including straw cutting device, straw collecting device, straw The conveying device and the straw chopping and throwing device, the straw cutting device is installed in front of the straw collecting device, and is composed of a stem cutting tube shaft and cutting blades interlacedly installed on the stem cutting tube shaft, and is installed between the straw cutting device and the straw conveying device. The straw collection device between the devices is composed of the auger shell and the auger blade. The input port of the straw conveying device is connected with the output port of the straw collecting device, and the output port of the straw conveying device is connected with the input port of the straw chopping and throwing device. , consisting of a bridge and multiple feeding rollers installed on the bridge, behind the straw conveying device is a straw chopping and throwing device, which is composed of a chopper and a throwing cylinder. 2. The self-propelled corn combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the straw cutting device adopts a rotor milling cutter type cutting device, and the cutting knives are rotor milling cutters, which are staggeredly installed on the stem cutting tube shaft superior. 3. The self-propelled corn combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that reinforcing ribs are welded outside the auger shell of the straw collecting device, and a large pipe is provided at the upper and lower ends of the reinforcing ribs The middle part is provided with a small tube beam. 4. The self-propelled corn combine harvester of ear and stalk harvesting type according to claim 1, characterized in that the straw conveying device adopts a single-row feeding roller structure, and the number of feeding rollers is 4, and the first three feeding rollers The diameter of the rollers is the same, the diameter of the fourth feeding roller is 70-80% of the diameter of the first three feeding rollers, and the gap between the four feeding rollers and the bottom plate of the bridge is equal, and the gap between each feeding roller The gaps are equal. 5. The self-propelled corn combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that a floating mechanism is installed between the first feeding roller and the second feeding roller, and the floating mechanism includes a floating Arm and extension spring, the rotating shafts of the first feeding roller and the second feeding roller are connected with the floating arm, one end of the extension spring is connected with the floating arm at the first feeding roller, and the other end is fixed on the side wall of the bridge superior. 6. According to claim 1, 4 or 5, the self-propelled corn combine harvester with both ears and stalks is characterized in that the feeding roller adopts a rack-type roller type, and each feeding roller is welded in the axial direction by how many As for the row of racks, the tooth profile of the racks from the first feeding roller to the fourth feeding roller gradually changes from pointed teeth to flat teeth, and the tooth profiles of the second and third feeding rollers are the same. 7. The self-propelled corn combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the chopper of the straw chopping and throwing device is a straight-bladed obliquely mounted drum-type chopper, comprising a moving knife, The fixed knife, the movable cutter disc and the shredder housing, the throwing cylinder is a straight throwing throwing cylinder.

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