CN201909738U - Fatigue test device of large-scale bellows component - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of fatigue tests, in particular to a fatigue test device for large bellows components, which can meet the fatigue performance of busbar components under the actual working conditions of large generator sets, and solve the problem that samples in the prior art cannot be clamped on the testing machine. Inaccurate test results etc. The test device is equipped with a dynamometer, a screw I, a nut I, a cross beam I, a screw II, a nut II, an actuator, a screw III, an outer fixed piece, a bellows, a bearing ring, an inner fixed piece, and a limit nut. I. Limit nut II, screw rod IV, and cross beam II. On the top and bottom of the bellows member, load-bearing rings of different thicknesses are selected as supports according to the different components, and drilled to connect with the bellows member to ensure at least eight connection positions; the cross beam According to the different bellows components, I-beams with different thicknesses and sizes are selected. The middle position of the cross beam is connected to the fixture of the testing machine, and the two ends of the cross beam are connected to the bearing ring, which not only ensures the strength but also facilitates installation.

Description

Fatigue test device for large bellows components

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of fatigue tests, in particular to a fatigue test device for large bellows components, which can satisfy the fatigue performance of busbar components under the actual working conditions of large generator sets.

Background technique

Today, China has become the country with the largest power grid, and power technology has made great progress: China's million-kilowatt supercritical thermal power generation unit represents the highest level of international thermal power generation technology; the manufacture of pressurized water reactor nuclear fuel components has achieved localization, performance The indicators have reached the same level in the world; breakthroughs have been made in key technologies such as the design and manufacture of large-scale hydro-generator sets, and the industrialization stage has been entered; the domestically-made 700 MW hydro-generator set has reached the international advanced level; And other technologies have been popularized and applied in power grid engineering, etc.; due to the development of electric power technology, many new materials have been applied to generator sets, but it is a difficult problem whether new materials can be applied to actual working conditions and meet the requirements of actual working conditions. The most accurate test method recognized internationally is to carry out fatigue tests on physical components, and service systems with high safety requirements have fatigue life requirements. However, the current test life prediction methods for busbar sheaths mostly use samples to obtain S-N curves The life of the actual component is predicted from the S-N curve.

The main reasons why the component test cannot be carried out are as follows: the specific size of the large bellows component tested has an inner diameter of more than 1.8 meters, an outer diameter of more than 2.5 meters, a corrugation height of about 0.4 meters, and a wall thickness of about 0.03-0.05 meters. The test capacity is only about 100 kg. The widest test space of the existing testing machine is 1.5 meters, and the sample cannot be clamped on the testing machine. However, the measurement accuracy of the testing machine with a large test space is enough to affect the test, resulting in inaccurate test results and high costs. A sample costs hundreds of thousands of yuan; the weight of the test components is generally more than 300 kilograms, how to ensure uniform loading, there is no fixture for loading; there is currently no standard method for the fatigue performance of busbar components in the world.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a fatigue test device for large bellows components that can meet the fatigue performance of busbar components under the actual working conditions of large generator sets, so as to solve the problem that the samples in the prior art cannot be clamped on the testing machine, and the test results are not accurate. Accuracy and other issues.

The technical scheme of the utility model is:

A fatigue test device for a large bellows component, the test device is equipped with a dynamometer, a screw I, a nut I, a cross beam I, a screw II, a nut II, an actuator, a screw III, an external stator, a bellows, Bearing ring, internal fixing piece, limit nut I, limit nut II, screw IV, cross beam II, the specific structure is as follows:

A load-bearing ring is arranged on the inner side of the straight mouth at both ends of the bellows, and the inner side of the bearing ring is respectively connected to the cross beam I and the cross beam II through the inner fixing piece, and the outer fixing piece is arranged on the outside of the straight mouth at both ends of the bellows, and the outer fixing piece, The bellows, the bearing ring and the internal fixing piece are connected and fixed by the screw rod III, and the two cross beams located inside the bellows: the cross beam I and the cross beam II are set up and down in parallel, and the cross beam I or the cross beam II is welded to the internal fixing piece, A crosshead fixture is formed; the centers of the cross beam I and the cross beam II are respectively pierced with a screw I and a screw IV, and one end of the screw I is threaded to connect the dynamometer, and the screw I fastens the mounting nut I on both sides of the upper cross beam I ; One end of the screw IV is threadedly connected to the actuator, and the screw IV tightens the mounting nut II on both sides of the lower cross beam II.

In the fatigue test device for large bellows components, at least two screw rods II are connected between the cross beam I and the cross beam II at both ends of the bellows tube, and the screw rods II are parallel and evenly distributed.

In the fatigue test device of the large-scale bellows member, the screw rod II is fastened on both sides of the upper cross beam I and the limit nut I is installed, the screw rod II is installed on both sides of the lower cross beam II, and the limit nut II is installed. There is a gap of 3-5mm between the two sides of the lower cross beam II.

In the fatigue test device for large bellows components, cross beam I and cross beam II are I-beams.

A fatigue test method for large bellows components, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Put the bellows component on the testing machine so that the testing machine is located in the space of the bellows component;

(2) Pass the screw I through the center hole of the upper cross beam I, the two nuts I on the screw I are connected and fixed on both sides of the cross beam I, the upper end of the screw I is connected with the dynamometer through threads, and the screw III is sequentially Connect the internal fixing piece, bearing ring, bellows and outer fixing piece welded at the end of the cross beam I, so that the upper cross beam I is connected and fixed with the bellows;

(3) Pass the screw IV through the center hole of the cross beam II at the lower part, and the two nuts II on the screw IV are connected and fixed on both sides of the cross beam II, and the nut II is adjusted to the control position of the test; the lower end of the screw IV and the fatigue test The actuator of the machine is connected by thread; through the screw rod, the inner fixed piece, the bearing ring, the bellows and the outer fixed piece welded at the end of the lower cross beam II are sequentially connected, so that the lower cross beam II and the bellows are connected and fixed;

(4) Connect at least two screw rods II between the cross beam I and the cross beam II, the screw rods II are parallel and evenly distributed; fasten the screw rod II on both sides of the upper cross beam I and install the limit nut I, and the screw rod II is on the lower part Install the limit nut II on both sides of the cross beam II, and leave a gap of 3-5mm between the limit nut II and the two sides of the lower cross beam II;

(5) Start the actuator of the fatigue testing machine, set the loading rate and loading amplitude to carry out the fatigue test loading.

In the fatigue test method of the large-scale bellows component, load-bearing rings of different thicknesses are selected as supports on the upper and lower sides of the bellows component according to the different components, and are drilled and connected with the bellows component to ensure that the connection positions are at least eight, and each place is arranged symmetrically. Four sets of nuts and bolts are locked.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The utility model changes the test method of predicting the life of the actual component by the S-N curve into the working condition test of the actual component, and changes the past prediction into the actual life of the method, which improves the credibility of the test result, and the test result can Recognized by national counterparts. About 26 samples need to be processed to obtain the S-N curve, and the fastest test time is 45 days, and the cost of processing and testing is about 150,000 RMB; the test method of the utility model only needs one actual component, and the test can be completed within 1 day, which is economical The benefits are remarkable.

2. The utility model adopts the testing machine to be put into the space of the component, and the crosshead fixture is provided with two sets of cross beams at the upper and lower sides, and steel ring brackets of different thicknesses are selected on the upper and lower sides of the bellows component according to the different components, and are drilled and connected with the component to ensure the connection. There are at least 8 positions, and four sets of nuts and screws are arranged symmetrically for each position to be locked; I-beams of different thicknesses and sizes are selected for the cross beam according to different components, the middle position is connected to the fixture of the testing machine, and the two ends are connected to the loading steel ring, which ensures the strength. And easy to install. In order to ensure uniform loading of the positioning device, holes are drilled at the same position at the end of the I-beam of each group of corresponding cross beam fixtures. The upper part uses two nuts to fix the long screw rod, and the lower part adjusts the two nuts to the control position of the test, which can ensure uniform loading. load.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a fatigue test device for a large bellows component of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 dynamometer; 2 screw rod I; 3 nut I; 4 cross beam I; 5 screw rod II; 6 nut II; 7 actuator; 8 screw rod III; Ring (steel ring); 12 internal fixed piece; 13 limit nut I; 14 limit nut II; 15 screw rod IV; 16 cross beam II.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the fatigue test device of the large bellows component of the present invention mainly includes: dynamometer 1, screw rod I2, nut I3, cross beam I4, screw rod II5, nut II6, actuator 7, screw rod III8, outer Fixed piece 9, bellows (aluminum alloy) 10, bearing ring (steel ring) 11, internal fixed piece 12, limit nut I13, limit nut II14, screw rod IV15, cross beam II16, etc., the specific structure is as follows:

A bearing ring 11 is arranged on the inner side of the straight mouth at both ends of the bellows 10, and the inner side of the bearing ring 11 is respectively connected to the cross beam I4 and the cross beam II16 through the inner fixing piece 12, and the outer fixing piece is arranged on the outer side of the straight opening at both ends of the bellows 10. 9. The outer fixing piece 9, the bellows 10, the bearing ring 11 and the inner fixing piece 12 are connected and fixed by the screw III8, and the two cross beams located inside the bellows 10: the cross beam I4 and the cross beam II16 are set up and down in parallel, and the cross beam I4 or the cross beam II16 is welded with the inner fixed piece 12 to form a crosshead fixture. The centers of the cross beam I4 and the cross beam II16 are respectively provided with a screw I2 and a screw IV15, and one end of the screw I2 is threaded to connect the dynamometer 1, and the screw I2 tightens the mounting nut I3 on both sides of the upper cross beam I4; the screw IV15 One end is threaded to the actuator 7, and the screw IV15 fastens the mounting nut II6 on both sides of the lower cross beam II16.

In this embodiment, a screw II5 is connected between the cross beam I4 and the cross beam II16 at both ends of the bellows 10, and the screw II5 is four parallel and symmetrically arranged. Screw rod II5 fastens and installs limit nuts I13 on both sides of the upper cross beam I4, screw rod II5 installs limit nuts II14 on both sides of the lower cross beam II16, and leaves space between the limit nut II14 and the two sides of the lower cross beam II16. Clearance (3-5mm).

In this embodiment, the grade of the bellows can be ZL102.

In this embodiment, the cross beam I4 and the cross beam II16 can be I-beams.

In this embodiment, the fatigue test method of the large bellows component is specifically as follows:

(1) Using INSTRON 8801 crossbeam liftable fatigue testing machine, put the bellows 10 components on the testing machine, so that the testing machine is located in the space of the bellows 10 components;

(2) Pass the screw I2 through the center hole of the upper cross beam I4, the two nuts I3 on the screw I2 are connected and fixed on both sides of the cross beam I4, the upper end of the screw I2 is threaded with the dynamometer 1, and the screw III8 Connect the internal fixing piece 12, bearing ring 11, bellows 10, and outer fixing piece 9 welded at the end of the cross beam I4 in sequence, so that the upper cross beam I4 is connected and fixed with the bellows 10;

(3) Pass the screw rod IV15 through the center hole of the cross beam II16 located at the lower part, and the two nuts II6 on the screw rod IV15 are connected and fixed on both sides of the cross beam II16, and the nut II6 is adjusted to the control position of the test; the lower end of the screw rod IV15 and the fatigue test The actuator 7 of the machine is connected by thread; it is the same as the cross beam I4 at the upper part, and the inner fixed piece, bearing ring, bellows, and outer fixed piece welded at the end of the cross beam II at the lower part are sequentially connected through the screw rod, so that the lower part The cross beam II16 is connected and fixed with the bellows 10;

(4) Connect the screw rod II5 between the cross beam I4 and the cross beam II16, and the screw rod II5 is four parallel and symmetrically arranged; fasten the screw rod II5 on both sides of the upper cross beam I4 and install the limit nut I13, and the screw rod II5 is on the lower part Limit nut II14 is installed on both sides of the cross beam II16, and there is a gap (3-5mm) between the limit nut II14 and the cross beam II16 both sides of the bottom.

(5) Start the actuator 7 of the fatigue testing machine, set the loading rate and loading amplitude to carry out fatigue test loading.

In this embodiment, load-bearing rings 11 (steel rings) of different thicknesses are selected as supports on the top and bottom of the corrugated pipe 10 according to the different parts, and are drilled and connected with the corrugated pipe 10 to ensure that there are at least eight connection positions, each of which is arranged symmetrically. Four sets of nuts and bolts are locked; the cross beam is selected according to the different components of the bellows 10, and I-beams of different thicknesses are selected. ), which ensures the strength and facilitates installation.

Form test data and report by test result, the test data of the present embodiment is as follows:

For example, for the fatigue test of a large component, the displacement loading amplitude is 10.5mm, and the data curve of displacement versus stress is required to be recorded. After the experiment, visually check whether there are obvious cracks on the surface of the component.

It can be seen from the test data that in the case of the limit displacement required by the design, the force of the component is only about 2000N. For the testing machine of 50000N, this force is just at the lower limit of the measurement requirement, which meets the requirements for force measurement and can provide the design requirements. Displacement force curve.

Claims (4)

1. the fatigue experimental device of a large-scale bellows members, it is characterized in that: this test unit is provided with dynamometer, screw rod I, nut I, rood beam I, screw rod II, nut II, actuator, screw rod III, external fixation sheet, corrugated tube, force bearing ring, internal fixation sheet, stop nut I, stop nut II, screw rod IV, rood beam II, and concrete structure is as follows:

Inboard, straight mouthful of place at the corrugated tube two ends is provided with force bearing ring, the inboard of force bearing ring connects rood beam I, rood beam II by the internal fixation sheet respectively, straight mouthful of place's arranged outside external fixation sheet at corrugated tube two ends, external fixation sheet, corrugated tube, force bearing ring and internal fixation sheet are connected and fixed by screw rod III, be positioned at two rood beams of corrugated tube inboard: rood beam I and the parallel upper and lower settings of rood beam II, rood beam I or rood beam II and the welding of internal fixation sheet form the crosshead anchor clamps; The center of rood beam I and rood beam II is equipped with screw rod I and screw rod IV respectively, and the end of screw rod I is by the dynamometer that is threaded, and screw rod I is in the rood beam I both sides on top fastening installation nut I; The end of screw rod IV is by the actuator that is threaded, and screw rod IV is in the rood beam II both sides of bottom fastening installation nut II.

2. according to the fatigue experimental device of the described large-scale bellows members of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be connected with at least two screw rod II between the rood beam I at corrugated tube two ends and the rood beam II, screw rod II is parallel, uniform.

3. according to the fatigue experimental device of the described large-scale bellows members of claim 2, it is characterized in that: screw rod II is in the rood beam I both sides on top fastening installation stop nut I, screw rod II installs stop nut II in the rood beam II both sides of bottom, leaves the 3-5mm gap between the rood beam II both sides of stop nut II and bottom.

4. according to the fatigue experimental device of the described large-scale bellows members of claim 1, it is characterized in that: rood beam I and rood beam II are joist steel.

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