CN201906993U - High-load machine tool running high-precision liquid-supported suspension guide rail - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a guide rail technical field, in particular to high lathe operation high accuracy liquid supporting suspension guide rail that bears, it bears the lathe bed guide rail including work operation sliding guide, the support, oil feeding system, the symmetry is equipped with a plurality of bearing oil pockets on the work operation sliding guide, oil feeding system's high pressure oil forms pressure expansion in the bearing oil pocket, cause work operation sliding guide and support to bear the separation of lathe bed guide rail and hold in the palm and produce the liquid support suspension, just can operate after the suspension force reaches the requirement is supported to liquid pressure, realize zero friction zero damage of guide rail motion face, thereby make lathe work operation sliding guide can guarantee permanent high accuracy and life in bearing heavy load high-speed working motion, the utility model discloses a manufacturing production is higher than traditional hydrostatic guideway reliability, has fully reduced the preparation degree of difficulty in the aspect of the heavy load.

Description

High-load machine tool running high-precision liquid-supported suspension guide rail

Technical field:

The utility model relates to the technical field of guide rails, in particular to a high-precision liquid-supported suspension guide rail for a high-load machine tool, which is mainly used in the guide rail motion sliding structure of the machine tool.

Background technique:

At present, in the machine tool manufacturing industry, most of the methods adopted are to open oil grooves on the guide rails, or small-sized low-pressure oil passages and oil storage chambers, relying on extremely small pressure and extremely small flow to carry and slide the two guide rails. An oil film is formed in the gap between the combined surfaces, allowing the oil film to realize cooling and lubricating sliding. This structure is called a hydrostatic guideway. This kind of hydrostatic guide rail has the following defects:

1. It is feasible to slide at low load and low speed, but when the heavy load is running at high speed, the viscosity of the oil film is limited. When the heavy load or high speed sliding, the oil film squeezes and kneads under the load Under the influence of its molecular structure, it will instantly carbonize and fission to heat up, causing the molecular structure of the oil to change, blacken, dilute and chemically deteriorate, and cannot form an effective oil film to realize the high-speed movement of the load.

2. In the movement of high-speed and heavy-load sliding, due to the concentration and flow of oil in high-speed sliding, the oil film will not be formed in time, which will easily cause the operation of the sliding guide rail to be unstable and cause mutual friction between the upper and lower guide rail surfaces. Damage, and the accuracy and service life cannot be guaranteed in the friction damage of the guide rail;

3. Friction damage will produce dust residues, which will cause the oil to blacken, deteriorate and thicken. After cooling, it is easy to form oil scale agglomerates, causing practical defects such as oil circuit blockage.

Utility model content:

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a high-precision liquid-supported suspension guide rail for high-load machine tools that uses high-pressure oil pressure expansion to generate liquid pressure support suspension to achieve heavy-duty high-speed operation, high precision, and long service life.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

High-load machine tools run high-precision liquid-supported suspension guide rails, which include work-running slide rails and support-bearing bed guide rails. There are multiple open and close support oil chambers on the contacting moving surface, and each support oil chamber is in contact with the corresponding surface of the supporting bed guide rail to form an open and close structure; it also includes an oil supply for the support oil chamber to provide high pressure oil system, each supporting oil chamber is connected with the oil supply system, and the high-pressure oil of the oil supply system forms a pressure expansion in the supporting oil chamber, causing the working running sliding guide rail to separate from the supporting bed guide rail to form a gap, and the gap will cause drainage , the excretion produces a liquid-supported suspension.

The bottom of the sliding guide rail for working operation is provided with a moving track, and two angled surfaces are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the moving track, and supporting oil chambers with equal areas are distributed on the two angled surfaces.

The angle between the angled plane and the horizontal plane is 45-135 degrees.

The bottom of the working running sliding guide rail is provided with a bottom plane parallel to the horizontal plane, and supporting oil chambers are distributed on the bottom plane.

The bottom plane of the working running sliding guide rail is lower than the upper end surface of the supporting bed guide rail.

The motion track of the working sliding guide rail is a ∨-shaped structure or a ∧-shaped groove structure.

The movement track of the working running sliding guide rail can also be a trapezoidal structure or an inverted trapezoidal structure.

The bottom of the moving track is provided with a bottom plane parallel to the horizontal plane, and supporting oil chambers are distributed on the bottom plane.

Both sides of the working sliding guide rail are respectively provided with rolling guide wheels for controlling balance, and the two sides of the supporting bed guide rail are provided with a lower rail surface facing downwards, and the rolling guide wheels extend into the bottom of the lower rail surface and connect with the lower rail surface. Rail surface sliding or rolling connection.

The ratio of the area of the supporting oil cavity on the working running sliding guide rail to the corresponding moving surface is 1/4-7/8.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model includes a working running sliding guide rail and a supporting bearing bed guide rail, and a plurality of supporting oil chambers are arranged on the working running sliding guide rail, and the supporting oil chambers are supplied with oil and pressure by the oil supply system, and maintain Sufficient flow, the oil flows into the open and close support oil chamber at high speed to produce liquid expansion resistance, and the working running sliding guide rail and the supporting bed guide rail expand and hold apart, and the support is suspended to discharge after the support is opened, and the oil supply system continues to supply oil Under certain conditions, the support suspension discharge can always remain unchanged, which is called the liquid pressure support suspension guide rail. It can run after the requirement, and no friction damage will occur, so that the sliding guide rail of the machine tool can guarantee long-term high precision and service life in the high-speed work movement with heavy loads, and the oil will not deteriorate, and the high pressure will automatically clear the blockage of the oil circuit , the utility model is easier to manufacture and produce than the traditional static pressure guide rail, and has higher reliability, fully reduces the difficulty of heavy load production, improves the working speed, and can be widely used in various types of heavy load high and low speed, Among the guide rails of machine tools running at high speed, such as gantry CNC boring and milling machines, floor boring and milling machines, large and medium-sized surface grinders, heavy-duty cylindrical grinders, roller grinders, etc.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the second embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the third embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fourth embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fifth embodiment of the present utility model.

Detailed ways:

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, see Figure 1, the heavy-duty high-speed operation high-precision liquid-supported suspension guide rail, which includes a support-bearing bed guide rail 2, which is slidingly arranged on the support-bearing bed guide rail 2 along the front and rear directions The working running sliding guide rail 1 and the oil supply system 4, the working running sliding guide rail 1 is provided with a plurality of high-pressure supporting oil chambers 3 on the moving surface combined with the supporting bearing bed guide rail 2, and the multiple supporting oil chambers 3 are left-right symmetrical The way is distributed at the bottom of the working running sliding guide rail 1, and each supporting oil chamber 3 on the working running sliding guide rail 1 contacts and combines with the supporting bearing bed guide rail 2 to form a split oil chamber structure. The size of the bearing oil chamber 3 is the supporting force bearing area, and the area ratio of the bearing oil chamber 3 to the corresponding moving surface (that is, the moving surface where the supporting oil chamber 3 is located) is 1/4 to 7/8, such as 1/4, 2/5, 3/6, 5/6, 7/8, etc., to ensure that there is sufficient pressure when the oil is introduced. The supporting oil chamber 3 is connected with the oil supply system 4, and the oil supply system 4 uses the oil pump to pressurize and flow into the supporting oil chamber 3 to provide high-pressure oil. 1 is separated from the supporting bed guide rail 2 to generate liquid support suspension discharge. The oil supply system 4 is an automatic variable oil supply system with adjustable flow rate, or a quantitative oil supply system that can adjust different pressure levels of large, medium and small. For example, it can be a variable oil pump. The oil supply system 4 communicates with the supporting oil chamber through the pipeline 3 connected.

There is a moving track 6 at the bottom of the sliding guide rail 1 for working operation, and two angled surfaces 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the moving track 6, and large-area inclined support oil chambers 3 with equal areas are distributed symmetrically or asymmetrically on the two angled surfaces 8 , and the bottom of the working sliding guide rail 1 is provided with a bottom plane 9 parallel to the horizontal plane, and two large-area horizontal support oil chambers 3 with equal areas are symmetrically provided on the bottom plane 9 to ensure that the working running sliding guide rail 1 is running under heavy load. Up, down, left, and right directions are guided smoothly without jumping, preventing deviation and high precision. Both the angled surface 8 and the bottom plane 9 are the moving surfaces of the sliding guide rail 1 in operation, and the angle between the angled surface 8 corresponding to the inclined angle support oil chamber 3 and the horizontal plane is 45 to 135 degrees, such as 45 degrees or 60 degrees. , 110 degrees, 120 degrees, 145 degrees, etc. In this embodiment, the angle is 110 degrees. The bottom plane 9 and the angled surfaces 8 on both sides of the sliding guide rail 1 in working operation are lower than the upper end surface of the guide rail 2 supporting the bed.

Rolling guide wheels 5 for controlling balance are respectively provided on both sides of the working running sliding guide rail 1, and lower rail surfaces 7 facing downward are provided on both sides of the supporting bed guide rail 2, and the rolling guide wheels 5 extend into the lower rail surface 7. The bottom is connected with the lower rail surface 7 by sliding or rolling, and the rolling guide wheel 5 mainly controls the beating and the smoothness gap of the floating when the sliding guide rail 1 is floating during the work operation.

The utility model calculates the required maximum load-bearing value of the working sliding guide rail 1, processes the liquid support oil cavity on the angle surface 8 and the bottom plane 9 of the motion track 6, and places it on the well-processed supporting load-bearing bed guide rail. 2, the rolling guide wheel 5 is interlocked with the lower rail surface 7 supporting the bed guide rail 2, and at the same time, the sliding or rolling guide wheel 5 is fixed on the two ends of the working sliding guide rail 1, and the automatic variable oil supply system 4 directly Connected to each support oil chamber, after the oil supply system 4 is in operation, each support oil chamber immediately generates pressure to support suspension. At this time, adjust the gap between a plurality of sliding blocks or rolling guide wheels 5 and the lower rail surface 7. The purpose is to control the smoothness of the movement of the sliding guide rail 1 during working operation, and to obtain high-reliability guarantees in high-speed operation and the guarantee of reciprocating motion. precision. The utility model has experienced 5 years of work verification in a 24-hour high-load and high-speed operating environment every day. Its reliability is extremely high, and its precision remains unchanged for 5 years.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: the supporting oil chamber 3 supplies oil and pressure through the oil supply system 4, and maintains sufficient flow, and the oil flows into the open and close supporting oil chamber 3 at a high speed to produce a liquid expansion resistance, and the working sliding guide rail 1 and the support bearing bed guide rail 2 expand and hold apart, and the support suspension discharge will occur after the support is opened. Under the condition of continuous oil supply from the oil supply system 4, the support suspension discharge can always remain unchanged, which is called the liquid pressure support suspension guide rail Technology, the weight of the workpiece placed on the working surface of the working sliding guide rail 1 is not affected. When the load of the working running sliding guide rail 1 changes, it can automatically change the discharge variable to adapt to the different weight of the workpiece. Ensure that there is sufficient liquid pressure to support the suspension force. When the pressure support suspension force of the working running sliding guide rail 1 reaches the requirement, the pressure relay is connected, the transmission system is started, and the working running sliding guide rail 1 is driven to reciprocate, realizing the complete solution of the liquid pressure supporting suspension technology, so that the machine tool can work The running sliding guide rail 1 can ensure long-term high precision and service life in the high-speed work movement with heavy loads, and the oil will not deteriorate and prevent oil circuit blockage. The manufacturing and production of the utility model is easier than the traditional static pressure guide rail, and the reliability It is higher, which fully reduces the difficulty of heavy-duty production and improves the working speed. It can be widely used in various types of heavy-duty high-speed and low-speed machine tool guide rails, such as gantry CNC boring and milling machines, floor boring and milling machines, large and medium-sized Surface grinder, heavy cylindrical grinder, roller grinder, etc.

As the second embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 2, the difference from the above-mentioned embodiment is that the motion track 6 of the sliding guide rail 1 for working operation is a ∨-shaped track, and the two sides of the ∨-shaped track are symmetrically distributed on the angled surfaces 8. There is a supporting oil chamber 3, and the angle between the angled surface 8 and the horizontal plane is 135 degrees.

As the third embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 3, the difference from the above-mentioned embodiment is that the motion track 6 of the working sliding guide rail 1 is a ∧-shaped groove track, and the angle surfaces on both sides of each ∧-shaped groove track Support oil chambers 3 are distributed symmetrically or asymmetrically on 8, and the angle between the angled surface 8 and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees.

As the fourth embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 4, the difference from the above-mentioned embodiment is that the motion track 6 of the working sliding guide rail 1 is an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the bottom of the trapezoidal structure is provided with a bottom parallel to the horizontal plane. On the plane 9, the angled surfaces 8 on both sides of each trapezoidal structure and the bottom plane 9 are symmetrically or asymmetrically distributed with supporting oil chambers 3, and the angle between the angled surfaces 8 and the horizontal plane is 60 degrees.

As the fifth embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 5, the difference from the above-mentioned embodiment is that the motion track 6 of the working sliding guide rail 1 is an isosceles inverted trapezoidal structure, and the bottom of the inverted trapezoidal structure is provided with a horizontal surface. Parallel to the bottom plane 9, the angled surfaces 8 on both sides of each inverted trapezoidal structure and the bottom plane 9 are symmetrically or asymmetrically distributed with supporting oil chambers 3, and the angle between the angled surface 8 and the horizontal plane is 110 degrees.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, so all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features and principles described in the utility model patent application scope are all included in the utility model patent application scope .

Claims (10)

1. high-mechanic lathe operation high-precision liquid supports the suspension guide rail, it includes work operation rail plate (1), support bearing bed ways (2), work operation rail plate (1) is slidingly arranged on the support bearing bed ways (2), it is characterized in that: described work operation rail plate (1) with moving surface that support bearing bed ways (2) contacts on offer a plurality of open-close types and support oil pockets (3); It comprises that also promising supporting oil pocket (3) provides the oil supply system (4) of hydraulic oil, and each supporting oil pocket (3) all is communicated with oil supply system (4).

2. high-mechanic lathe operation high-precision liquid supporting suspension guide rail according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described work operation rail plate (1) is provided with tracks (6), the bilateral symmetry of tracks (6) is provided with two angle faces (8), is distributed with the supporting oil pocket (3) that area equates on two angle faces (8).

3. high-mechanic lathe operation high-precision liquid supporting suspension guide rail according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the angle between described angle faces (8) and the horizontal plane is 45～135 degree.

4. high-mechanic lathe operation high-precision liquid supporting suspension guide rail according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described work operation rail plate (1) bottom is provided with the baseplane parallel with horizontal plane (9), is distributed with supporting oil pocket (3) on baseplane (9).

5. high-mechanic lathe operation high-precision liquid supporting suspension guide rail according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the baseplane (9) of described work operation rail plate (1) is lower than the upper surface of support bearing bed ways (2).

6. high-mechanic lathe operation high-precision liquid supporting suspension guide rail according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the tracks (6) of described work operation rail plate (1) is ∨ type structure or ∧ type groove structure.

7. high-mechanic lathe operation high-precision liquid supporting suspension guide rail according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the tracks (6) of described work operation rail plate (1) is trapezium structure or inverted trapezoidal structure.

8. high-mechanic lathe operation high-precision liquid supporting suspension guide rail according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described tracks (6) is provided with the baseplane parallel with horizontal plane (9), is distributed with supporting oil pocket (3) on baseplane (9).

9. high-mechanic lathe operation high-precision liquid supporting suspension guide rail according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the both sides of described work operation rail plate (1) respectively are provided with the rolling guide wheel (5) of control balance, the both sides of support bearing bed ways (2) are provided with direction following rail level (7) down, and rolling guide wheel (5) stretches into down the below of rail level (7) and is connected with following rail level (7) slip or rolling.

10. according to any described high-mechanic lathe operation high-precision liquid supporting suspension guide rail of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that: described work operation rail plate (1) upper support oil pocket (3) is 1/4～7/8 with the area ratio of corresponding moving surface.

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