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CN201865840U - 垂直轴风力发电机风叶及其风轮 - Google Patents

垂直轴风力发电机风叶及其风轮 Download PDF

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CN201865840U
CN201865840U CN2009202165408U CN200920216540U CN201865840U CN 201865840 U CN201865840 U CN 201865840U CN 2009202165408 U CN2009202165408 U CN 2009202165408U CN 200920216540 U CN200920216540 U CN 200920216540U CN 201865840 U CN201865840 U CN 201865840U
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刘昀
尼克
宋汉军
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Beijing Urban Green Energy Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2009202165408U priority Critical patent/CN201865840U/zh
Priority to PCT/IB2010/001527 priority patent/WO2011033348A2/en
Priority to US13/496,887 priority patent/US9243611B2/en
Priority to EP10742561A priority patent/EP2478214A2/en
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Priority to ZA2012/02792A priority patent/ZA201202792B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/061—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape, e.g. aerofoil profiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/214—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Musgrove or "H"-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/20—Geometry three-dimensional
    • F05B2250/25—Geometry three-dimensional helical
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种垂直轴风力发电机风叶及其风轮，涉及风力发电领域，为解决现有技术中垂直轴风力发电机风轮不能自行启动等问题而发明。该风叶沿与水平面垂直的一条垂直线呈螺旋上升状，横截面为翼型；其中，该风叶的一系列翼型横截面的前缘点与后缘点之间的弦的中点与该垂直线的距离相等；且在同一平面内的与该弦的中点及该垂直线相交的直线与该弦呈96度角；而且，第一直线与第二直线成120度角，该第一直线为与该风叶最上端翼型横截面的弦的中点及该垂直线相交的直线，该第二直线为与该风叶最下端翼型横截面的弦的中点及该垂直线相交的直线。

Description

垂直轴风力发电机风叶及其风轮
技术领域
本实用新型涉及风力发电领域中一种垂直轴风力发电机风叶及其风轮的构造，尤其涉及一种Φ型垂直轴风力发电机风叶及其风轮的构造。 
背景技术
目前，公知的风力发电机风轮只有Φ型垂直轴风力发电机风轮具有和水平轴三桨叶风轮的效率竞争的能力。然而，Φ型垂直轴风力发电机风轮具有启动困难，需借助外力启动的缺点，给这种风力发电机的普及带来了困难。 
实用新型内容
为了克服上述缺陷，本实用新型提供一种微风启动的垂直轴风力发电机的风叶及风轮。 
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型的垂直轴风力发电机的风叶沿与水平面垂直的一条垂直线呈螺旋上升状，横截面为翼型，其特征在于，所述风叶的一系列翼型横截面的前缘点与后缘点之间的弦的中点与所述垂直线的距离相等；且在同一平面内与所述弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线与所述弦呈96度角；其中，第一直线与第二直线成120度角，所述第一直线为与所述风叶最上端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线，所述第二直线为与所述风叶最下端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线。 
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型的垂直轴风力发电机的风轮包括风叶、连接翼和轮轴，所述连接翼的两端分别连接所述风叶和轮轴。其中，所述风叶沿与水平面垂直的一条垂直线呈螺旋上升状，横截面为翼型，所述风叶的一系列翼型横截面的前缘点与后缘点之间的弦的中点与所述垂直线的距离相等；且在同一平面内与所述弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线与所述弦呈96度角；其中，第一直线与第二直线成120度角，所述第一直线为与所述风叶最上端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线，所述第二直线为与所述风叶最下端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线。
通常，所述风轮设有三片风叶，且所述三片风叶的垂直投影形成一个闭合的圆；且所述翼型横截面的弦中点到所述垂直线的距离与所述连接翼的长度相等，所述垂直线与所述轮轴的轴线重合，所述轮轴的长度小于或等于所述风叶最上端翼型横截面与最下端翼型截面圆之间的垂直距离。 
上述结构的垂直轴风力发电机风叶以及采用上述结构的垂直轴风力发电机风叶制成的风轮，沿垂直轴方向，风叶从下到上构成扭曲式，各方向来风时，风叶的受风面均能产生倾斜扭矩，因此，风轮可以在低风速下自启动旋转。 
附图说明
图1为本实用新型提供的风叶的放样图示； 
图2为本实用新型提供的风叶上端截面圆与下端截面圆之间的垂直距离； 
图3为本实用新型提供的垂直轴风力发电机风轮及其整机的示意图。 
具体实施例
下面结合说明书附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式做详细描述。其中，后续说明书附图仅为示意及辅助说明之用，未必为本实用新型实施后的真实比例及精准配置，故不应以附图中的比例与配置关系来局限本实用新型在实际实施上的权利范围。 
本实用新型提供一种垂直轴风力发电机风叶，所述风叶沿与水平面垂直的一条垂直线呈螺旋上升状，横截面为翼型，所述风叶的一系列翼型横截面的前缘点与后缘点之间的弦的中点与所述垂直线的距离相等；且在同一平面内与所述弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线与所述弦呈96度角；其中，第一直线与第二直线成120度角，所述第一直线为与所述风叶最上端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线，所述第二直线为与所述风叶最下端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线。 
将上述风叶应用于垂直轴风力发电机的风轮后，如图3所示，该垂直轴风力发电机风轮包括风叶2、连接翼6和轮轴3，该连接翼6的两端分别连接该风叶2和轮轴3；且该垂直轴风力发电机的整机还包括发电机4和塔架5。其中，所述风叶2沿与水平面垂直的一条垂直线呈螺旋上升状，横截面为翼型1，所述风叶2的一系列翼型横截面的前缘点与后缘点之间的弦的中点与所述垂直线的距离相等；且在同一平面内与所述弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线与所述弦呈96度角；其中，第一直线与第二直线成120度角，所述第一直线为与所述风叶最上端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线，所述第二直线为与所述风叶最下端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线。 
在风叶2的制造和安装过程中，翼型横截面的弦中点到垂直线的距离通常设置为与连接翼6的长度相等，且将该垂直线设置成与轮轴3的轴线重合；该设置能有效减小风叶在运行中的阻力矩；通常，该风轮可设置三片风叶2(如图3所示)，且三片风叶2的垂直投影形成一个闭合的圆，从而使各个方向的来风均能在风叶的受风面产生更大的倾斜扭矩，更大限度利用风能启动，从而使风轮在低风速下自启动旋转。 
例如：上述风叶可以以FX63-137翼型并采用下述方法进行制作。 
参照图1、图2及图3，在一平面内，以翼型1FX63-137的前缘点与后缘点之间的弦的中点引一条与该弦成96°角的线段L，线段L的长度R通常可以设为图3所示的风轮连接翼6的长度(此种情况下，该长度通常还称为风轮的半径)。做一条与该线段L的端点(该端点为不与翼型横截面的前缘点与后缘点之间的弦的中点连接的端点)连接且垂直于该平面的垂直线，该垂直线与翼型横截面的前缘点与后缘点之间的弦的中点的距离为R，而且该垂直线通常设置成与图3所示的轮轴的轴线重合，然后以该垂直线为轴心，将翼型1围绕该垂直线成螺旋上升状匀速旋转，在旋转过程中，保持前缘点与后缘点之间的弦与线段L的96°角以及该弦的中点与该垂直线的距离L不变，水平旋转120°后即得到上述风叶的放样图形，旋转的垂直高度如图2及图3所示，通常，该高度(即 该风叶最上端横截面与最下端截面圆之间的垂直距离)大于或等于轮轴3的长度；最后以该放样图形制作出上述风叶2。 
依照上述方法制成的上述结构的垂直轴风力发电机风叶以及采用上述结构的垂直轴风力发电机风叶制成的风轮，沿垂直轴方向，风叶从下到上构成扭曲式，各方向来风时，风叶的受风面均能产生倾斜扭矩，因此，风轮可以在低风速下自启动旋转。 
以上，仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例，但本实用新型的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。因此，本实用新型的保护范围应该以权利要求所界定的保护范围为准。 

Claims (8)

1.一种垂直轴风力发电机风叶，所述风叶沿与水平面垂直的一条垂直线呈螺旋上升状，横截面为翼型，其特征在于，所述风叶的一系列翼型横截面的前缘点与后缘点之间的弦的中点与所述垂直线的距离相等；且在同一平面内与所述弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线与所述弦呈96度角；其中，第一直线与第二直线成120度角，所述第一直线为与所述风叶最上端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线，所述第二直线为与所述风叶最下端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线。
2.一种垂直轴风力发电机风轮，包括风叶、连接翼和轮轴，所述连接翼的两端分别连接所述风叶和轮轴，所述风叶沿与水平面垂直的一条垂直线呈螺旋上升状，横截面为翼型，其特征在于，所述风叶一系列翼型横截面的前缘点与后缘点之间的弦的中点与所述垂直线的距离相等；且在同一平面内与所述弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线与所述弦呈96度角；其中，第一直线与第二直线成120度角，所述第一直线为与所述风叶最上端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线，所述第二直线为与所述风叶最下端翼型横截面的弦的中点及所述垂直线相交的直线。
3.根据权利要求2所述的垂直轴风力发电机风轮，其特征在于，所述翼型横截面的弦中点到所述垂直线的距离与所述连接翼的长度相等。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的垂直轴风力发电机风轮，其特征在于，所述轮轴的长度小于或等于所述风叶最上端翼型横截面与最下端翼型截面圆之间的垂直距离。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的垂直轴风力发电机风轮，其特征在于，所述风轮设有三片风叶，且所述三片风叶的垂直投影形成一个闭合的圆。
6.根据权利要求2或3所述的垂直轴风力发动机风轮，其特征在于，所述垂直线与所述轮轴的轴线重合。
7.根据权利要求4所述的垂直轴风力发电机风轮，其特征在于，所述风轮 设有三片风叶，且所述三片风叶的垂直投影形成一个闭合的圆。
8.根据权利要求4所述的垂直轴风力发动机风轮，其特征在于，所述垂直线与所述轮轴的轴线重合。 
CN2009202165408U 2009-09-18 2009-09-18 垂直轴风力发电机风叶及其风轮 Expired - Fee Related CN201865840U (zh)

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CN2009202165408U CN201865840U (zh) 2009-09-18 2009-09-18 垂直轴风力发电机风叶及其风轮
PCT/IB2010/001527 WO2011033348A2 (en) 2009-09-18 2010-06-24 Vertical axis wind turbine and its wind rotor
US13/496,887 US9243611B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2010-06-24 Vertical axis wind turbine blade and its wind rotor
EP10742561A EP2478214A2 (en) 2009-09-18 2010-06-24 Vertical axis wind turbine and its wind rotor
ZA2012/02792A ZA201202792B (en) 2009-09-18 2012-04-17 Vertical axis wind turbine and its wind rotor

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