CN201829383U - Arc extinguisher and switchgear - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an arc extinguishing device and a switchgear, in particular, the utility model relates to an arc extinguishing device (1) for an electrical installation switchgear (100) and a kind of such installation switchgear, the arc extinguishing device (1) An arc extinguishing chamber (2) comprising an arc extinguishing chamber (2) in which is arranged an arc extinguishing plate stack (3) with arc extinguishing plates (4) stacked parallel to one another, wherein the arc extinguishing plates (4) are mutually aligned in the stacking direction are kept spaced apart and have arc chamber partitions (5) pierced by ventilation holes (6, 6') arranged in the arc chute gap between adjacent arc chute (4) . There is a partition (7) which divides the exhaust flow escaping from the ventilation hole (6, 6') into a first and a second partial exhaust flow (8, 9), wherein the partial exhaust flow (8, 9) Move in the opposite direction.

Description

Arc extinguishing devices and switchgear

technical field

举例来说用于线路保护开关(Leitungsschutzschalter)的灭弧装置 

该灭弧装置包括在其中布置有带有彼此平行地堆叠的灭弧板 

的灭弧板垛 

的灭弧室 其中，灭弧板在堆叠方向上彼此隔开地被保持，且包括电弧室隔墙(Lichtbogenkammer-Abschlusswand)，其被布置在相邻的灭弧板之间的灭弧板间隔 

中的通风孔 

所穿过。 The invention relates to a switchgear for electrical installations according to the preamble of claim 1

For example arc extinguishing devices for line protection switches (Leitungsschutzschalter)

The arc extinguishing device comprises arc extinguishing plates arranged therein with arc extinguishing plates stacked parallel to each other

arc chute stack

interrupter In this case, the arc extinguishing plates are held at a distance from one another in the stacking direction and comprise arc chamber partitions (Lichtbogenkammer-Abschlusswand), which are arranged in the arc extinguishing plate space between adjacent arc extinguishing plates.

ventilation holes in

through.

Furthermore, the invention relates to an electrical installation switchgear, for example a circuit breaker, according to the preamble of claim 4 , with an arc extinguishing device comprising arranged in it with wires stacked parallel to each other. The arc extinguishing chamber of the arc extinguishing plate stack of the arc extinguishing plate (wherein the arc extinguishing plates are held spaced apart from each other in the stacking direction) and comprises an arc chamber partition wall, which is arranged in the adjacent arc extinguishing The ventilation holes in the interrupter compartment between the plates pass through. Such electrical installation switchgear usually has an insulating material housing with a front or operating side, a rear or fixed side, a narrow or coupling side, and a wide side, and which consists of at least two housing parts. Depending on where the sectional planes of the two housing halves run, a distinction is made between the shell-type constructions (the sectional planes here run parallel to the opposite broad side) and the base Type of construction (here, the sectional plane extends perpendicularly to the broad side). the

的情况中或在负载下的手动的断开的情况中，在此分离的两个触点之间也许会形成电弧，其可能导致线路保护开关的破坏或损坏。出于该原因，现有技术设置有灭弧装置。 The invention then relates to an arc quenching device, for example for a circuit breaker or other electrical installations in which arcs can occur between mutually spaced or separable contacts. In line protection switches, for example, during the opening process associated with a short circuit

In the case of a switch or in the case of manual disconnection under load, an arc may form between the two separated contacts, which may lead to destruction or damage of the circuit breaker. For this reason, the prior art is provided with arc extinguishing devices.

Background technique

从灭弧板垛导出，后部的壁构件被通风孔所穿过，该通风孔布置在位于消弧板之间的间隔的区域中。 Document EP 0 263 293 B1 shows an arc extinguishing device for an electrical switching device with a contact point (Kontaktstelle), wherein the contact point has contact pieces between which ignition occurs when the contact point is opened Arc, which is diverted (kommutiert) via arc guide rails (Lichtbogenleitschienen) arranged in parallel into an arc chute, in which arc extinguishing chambers are arranged between the arc guide rails with arc extinguishing rails stacked parallel to the arc guide rails An arc-extinguishing plate stack of panels, which consists on its rear side of a rear wall element and on its longitudinal sides of each side wall element configured as a narrow strip for holding the arc-extinguishing plate (by made of insulating material), where, in order to put the arc extinguishing gas

Leading out of the arc-extinguishing plate stack, the rear wall part is pierced by ventilation openings which are arranged in the region of the space between the arc-extinguishing plates.

Document DE 100 48 328 A1 shows an installed switchgear with an arc extinguishing device with a stack of arc extinguishing plates, wherein the arc extinguishing gas flows into the housing wall (Gehaeusewand) of the device In the blowout channel of the discharge hole. the

以及相互的影响。后果可能是在短路情形下的电压扰动和降低的耐压强度(Spannungsfestigkeit)。 The quenching gas contains ionized components, as a result of which, in known quenching devices, especially in the case of high short-circuit currents, arcing can occur in the discharge region of the quenching gas

and mutual influence. The consequences can be voltage disturbances and reduced dielectric strength in the event of a short circuit.

Utility model content

It is therefore the object of the present invention to improve an arc quenching device for electrical installation switchgear in such a way that a high performance reliability can also be achieved at high short-circuit currents. the

A further object of the invention is to create an electrical installation switchgear in which a high performance reliability can be achieved with respect to disconnection, especially in the case of high short-circuit currents. the

With regard to the arc quenching device, this object is achieved by an arc quenching device with the features of claim 1 . the

With regard to the installation switchgear, this object is achieved by an installation switchgear with the features of claim 4 . the

Richtungen verlaufen)。排气流由此被划分，即，使得与未经划分的流相比，分排气流中的每个包括较小的灭弧气体体积。与在总的排气流的膨胀(Expansion)中相比，在部分流(Teilstrom)的膨胀中产生更小的背压。因此，每个部分流可快速地膨胀，从而在总体上提供了快速的放气(Entlüftung)，其对于即使在高的短路电流下的切断而言是有利的。 According to the invention, there is then a partition wall (Trennwand), which divides the exhaust flow (Abluftstrom) of the quenching gas escaping from the ventilation opening (austretenden) into a first and a second partial exhaust flow (Teil-Abluftstrom), where the split exhaust flow moves in the opposite direction (in

Richtungen verlaufen). The exhaust flow is thus divided such that each of the divided exhaust flows comprises a smaller volume of quenching gas than a flow that is not divided. In the expansion of the partial flow, a lower counterpressure occurs than in the expansion of the overall exhaust gas flow. Each partial flow can thus expand rapidly, so that overall a rapid deflation is provided, which is advantageous for switching off even at high short-circuit currents.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the ventilation openings are arranged in two parallel rows at the height of the arc chamber partition, wherein each ventilation opening is arranged offset relative to its adjacent ventilation opening. and each subsumed in one of the rows, and wherein the partition wall extends at least partially between the two rows of ventilation holes. This embodiment makes it possible for the venting of one of the two quenching panels to enter the first partial flow towards the first side, while the venting of the other quenching panels enters towards the other side. to the second substream. In the event of a short circuit, the arc travels faster on the guide rails (which introduce the arc into the arc chamber and serve as the upper and lower boundaries of the arc chute stack) than on the arc chute itself. As a result, a high gas pressure develops at the end of the arc chamber. The vent in the middle is poor for deflation. In the middle division according to the invention into two rows of ventilation openings running parallel to each other, this disadvantage is reduced because the division can be designed in such a way that both guide plates can be Direction to deflate. Another advantage is the increase in the spacing of the ventilation holes that are jointly vented into a partial flow and the consequent reduction in the risk of arcing, because only every two plates are vented into each exhaust channel (Abluftkanal) one of the intervals. the

As a further variant, the division of the exhaust flow can be designed in such a way that the exhaust duct guides the exhaust gas between the guide rail and the first quenching plate adjacent to the guide rail in only one exhaust duct, or in both Each sub-exhaust channel is guided, or each part, such as half, is guided in each of the sub-exhaust channels. the

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the intermediate wall comprises a first subregion (Teilbereich) extending between the two rows of ventilation openings, which is oriented perpendicularly to the wide sides (Breitseite) of the quenching plate, and also comprises a second and third subregions, which are each adjoined to a free end of the first subregion and are oriented parallel to the wide sides of the quenching plate. The first subregion of the partition is also referred to as vertical partition. It divides the exhaust air flow from the ventilation openings arranged in two rows relative to each other. The second and third subregions of the partition are also referred to as first and second horizontal partitions. The horizontal partition deflects the exhaust flow in opposite directions in the first and second exhaust subchannels. By suitable installation of the second and third partial regions of the intermediate wall, the volume ratio of the partial exhaust air flows can be adjusted and thus adapted, for example, to the space ratio in the installation of the switchgear. the

分室足够大，以使得分排气流的快速的膨胀(无干扰的大的背压产生)是可能的。 According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the intermediate wall guides the first partial exhaust gas flow into a sub-chamber in the interior of the installation switchgear which is adjacent to the interrupter chamber. It can be, for example, a compartment in which, as a rule in the case of circuit breakers, a magnetic release is arranged

The compartment is sufficiently large that a rapid expansion of the fractional exhaust flow (without disturbing large back pressure generation) is possible.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the intermediate wall guides the second partial exhaust air flow to an exhaust air opening in the housing wall which leads to the outside. Thus, the deflation of the second partial exhaust flow takes place towards the outside, where there is sufficient space available for a rapid expansion. the

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in the interior of the installation switchgear housing there is a flow-guiding wall element which diverts the second partial air flow away from the interior of the installation switchgear. The wall element according to the invention can be a wall fixed in the inner side of the housing, which—when the housing is a die-cast part—has been sprayed together during the manufacture of the housing. the

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the air outlet opening directs the second partial air flow to the narrow side of the installation switchgear. the

The arc chamber partition can be realized by a separately inserted exhaust plate, which is placed on the side of the stack of arc extinguishing plates opposite the arc inlet side during the installation of the switchgear and which carries the There are ventilation holes. In another conceivable embodiment, the arc chamber partition can also be realized by an inner wall connected to the housing and installed at a corresponding location in the interior of the housing, for example during the manufacture of the housing are injected together as a die-cast part here. Arc chamber partitions pierced by ventilation holes can also be present in that, in housings of the shell-type construction type, spaced-apart partitions ( Stegen's inward-pointing columns. When the two housing half-shells are assembled to form a housing, the webs of the two rows abut each other at their free ends, so that in the assembled state a correspondingly penetrating web is formed inside the housing. The structure of the wall of the ventilation hole. the

Likewise, the intermediate wall can be embodied as an integral part of a separate vent plate, or it can be formed as a wall protruding inwardly from the inner side of the housing half-shell to the housing half-shell. Any conceivable combinations of realizations such as "separate plates" and "wall-shaped parts" are also possible within the scope of the realization of the invention—as long as the housing is only formed in its assembled state with Structure of the arc chamber partition wall of the partition wall according to the invention. the

Further advantageous refinements and developments and further advantages of the invention can be obtained from the subclaims. the

Description of drawings

The invention and further advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are further illustrated and described with the aid of the drawing, in which an exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown. the

in:

Figure 1 shows a view of an arc extinguishing device according to the present invention,

Figure 2 shows a partial cross-sectional interior view of the open upper side of the installation switchgear according to the invention, showing the movement of the first branch exhaust flow, and

Fig. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional interior view of the opened underside of the installation switchgear according to the invention, showing the movement of the second partial exhaust flow. the

In the figures, identical or identically acting structural parts or elements are denoted by the same reference numerals. the

1 arc extinguishing device

2 Arc extinguishing chamber

3 stack of arc extinguishing plates

4 arc extinguishing plate

5 arc chamber partition wall

6 ventilation holes

6’ ventilation holes

7 septal wall

8 First sub-exhaust flow

9 The second exhaust flow

10 The first wall sub-area

11 Subregion of the second wall

12 Subregion of the third wall

13 sub-rooms

14 exhaust hole

15 shell wall

16 flow guiding wall elements

17 narrow side

18 side wall components

19 Upper arc guide rail

20 Lower arc guide rail

21 Keeping feet (Halteschenkel)

22 penetrating part

23 Arc inlet side

24 spacers

100 Installation of switchgear

Detailed ways

FIG. 1 shows an arc extinguishing device 1 with a stack of arc extinguishing plates 3 in an arc extinguishing chamber 2 located in the upper and lower arc guide rails 19, 20, behind the arc chamber partition wall 5 and between the side wall members 18. The quenching plate stack 3 is formed by individual quenching plates 4 arranged one above the other in parallel. The side edges of the quenching plate 4 visible in FIG. 1 have retaining lugs (without reference numerals), which engage in form-und Kraftschluessig into retaining holes in the side wall components 18 (without reference numerals). reference number). 1 and 3, the retaining holes are arranged offset relative to one another in the side wall component 18, so that two retaining holes are located side by side in one plane and only one in the plane lying above it. Separate holding holes. the

The arc stack 3 is arranged between upper and lower arc guide rails 19 , 20 which run parallel to the arc stack 4 and which each form an upper delimitation and a lower delimitation of the arc stack. The lower rail 20 has a projection running obliquely upward to the left. When the arc extinguishing device 1 is installed in the installed switchgear, the projections lead into the vicinity of the contact points. In the event of an impact of the contact point in the event of a short circuit, the base point (Fuβpunkt) of the switching arc formed during the switching operation is transferred onto the protrusion of the guide rail. On the left side facing the contact point, the upper rail 19 carries a holding foot 21 with a penetration 22 . Furthermore, it has a connection to the fixed contact of the contact point of the installation switchgear into which the arc quenching device 1 is installed. The base point of the switching arc on the fixed contact side is transferred onto the upper rail 19 . the

A magnetic release is accommodated in the chamber 13 between the upper rail 20 and the holding foot 21 during installation into the installation switchgear. The penetration 22 is provided for a striker pin of the magnetic release. the

An arc chamber partition 5 in the form of a rear wall component having spaced-apart webs 24 running in parallel is arranged on the end face of the arc stack 3 opposite the arc inlet side 23 . The individual quenching plates 4 of the quenching plate stack 3 are kept at a distance from one another by webs 24 . the

Distinctly recognizable are rectangular recesses 6, 6' arranged at a small distance to the two lateral longitudinal edges of the rear wall element, each located between two adjacent partitions and extending from the partition. Sheets to spacers are stacked and arranged in two parallel rows. Recesses 6, 6' (which act as ventilation holes for the conduction of exhaust gases produced in the combustion of the arc) are arranged alternately once on one side of the rear wall member and then on the on the other side of the rear wall member. This design and arrangement of the rear wall element can achieve the following point, that is, compared with the rear open arrangement, the entry of the arc is not adversely affected. the

Between the two columns of ventilation holes 6, 6', at the rear side of the rear wall member, a partition wall 7 is mounted. It is designed as a web which is connected to the arc chamber partition wall 5 and protrudes therefrom perpendicularly in the outflow direction of the quenching gas. The first partition subregion 10 is configured as a vertical partition 10 . Second and third partition subregions are formed as horizontal partitions 11 , 12 at their free ends. The second intermediate wall subregion 11 extends above, close to the upper rail, horizontally in the direction of the viewer in FIG. 1 , in the direction of the front wide side of the arc quenching device 1 . The third intermediate wall subregion 12 extends below, close to the lower rail, horizontally in the direction away from the viewer in FIG. 1 , in the direction to the rear wide side of the arc quenching device 1 . the

2 and 3, when the arc extinguishing device is placed in the installation switchgear 100, the vertical partition 10 together with the housing 15 of the installation switchgear 100 will be separated from the two rows of mutually arranged ventilation holes 6 or 6'. The exhaust gas flow released in the center is divided into a first and a second partial exhaust gas flow 8,9. The vertical partitions 10 can likewise be integrated directly into the housing. the

The horizontal partitions 11 , 12 deflect the two partial exhaust flows 8 , 9 in opposite directions. In the case shown, the first partial exhaust air flow 8 leads upwards into the region of the sub-chamber 13 in which the magnetic release device is held, see also FIG. 2 for this. There is sufficient space available for rapid expansion of the ionized gas. the

In the case shown, the second partial exhaust gas flow 9 leads downward in the direction of the housing wall 15 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the second partial exhaust flow is guided in the direction of the exhaust opening 14 in the housing wall in the interaction with the flow guide wall 16 (which is formed on the inside of the housing) and in this is directed outdoors. Again there is plenty of room available for rapid expansion. The air vent 14 is mounted on the fixed side in the vicinity of the fastening lug of the mounting switchgear and is oriented in such a way that it releases the partial exhaust air flow 9 to the outside in the direction towards the narrow side 17 of the housing. the

Through the selection of the position of the horizontal partitions 11 , 12 the volume ratio of the exhaust gas flows 8 , 9 can be determined and adapted to the space ratio in the switch. In the case shown in Figure 1 a distribution with a ratio of 1:1 is shown. The partial exhaust air flow from the rear or front row of the exhaust openings 6 or 6' is guided completely upwards or downwards into the subchamber 13 or to the exhaust openings 14. Both volumes are the same size. When the lower horizontal partition 12 is installed at a higher place (for example above the lowest ventilation hole 6), then the partial flow flowing from the lowest ventilation hole is also guided downwards towards the exhaust hole 14, The partial flow 9 is then larger than the partial flow 8 . This can be suggested, for example, when the space in the compartment 13 accommodating the magnetic release means is extremely restricted. the

In the illustration according to FIG. 1 , half of the exhaust gas emerging from the area between the upper guide rail 19 and the first arc quenching plate adjacent thereto is discharged together upwards in the first partial exhaust gas flow 8 . If the upper horizontal partition 11 is installed lower, the exhaust gas between the upper rail and the first quenching plate adjacent thereto is completely deflated upwards in the first partial exhaust gas flow 8 . the

It can be seen in FIG. 3 that the sub-chamber of the housing between the flow guide wall 16 and the narrow side 17 is designed as a terminal receiving chamber for receiving terminal connections. The flow-guiding wall element 16 completely separates the partial air flow 9 from the terminal receiving chamber. the

Claims (9)

1. An arc extinguishing device for electrical installation switchgear, comprising: An arc extinguishing chamber (2) in which is arranged an arc extinguishing plate stack (3) with arc extinguishing plates (4) stacked parallel to each other, wherein the arc extinguishing plates (4) are spaced apart from each other in the stacking direction is maintained; and, arc chamber partition wall (5), which is penetrated by ventilation holes (6, 6') arranged in the arc extinguishing plate interval between adjacent arc extinguishing plates (4); It is characterized in that there is a partition (7) which divides the exhaust gas flow selected from the ventilation hole (6, 6') into a first and a second partial exhaust gas flow (8, 9 ), wherein the split exhaust flows (8, 9) move in opposite directions. 2. The arc extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ventilation holes (6, 6') are arranged in two parallel rows at the height of the arc chamber partition wall (5), wherein, Each ventilation hole (6, 6') is arranged offset relative to its adjacent ventilation hole (6', 6) and each belongs to one of the columns, and the partition wall (7) is at least partially extending between the two columns of ventilation holes. 3. The arc extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the partition wall (7) comprises: a first sub-region (10) extending between the two ventilation hole rows, which is opposite to the the broad sides of the arc chute (4) are vertically oriented; and second and third subregions (11, 12) each attached at a free end of said first subregion (10) and opposite to said The wide sides of the quenching plate ( 4 ) are oriented parallel. 4. An electrical installation switchgear with an arc extinguishing device, the arc extinguishing device (1) comprising: An arc extinguishing chamber (2) in which is arranged an arc extinguishing plate stack (3) with arc extinguishing plates (4) stacked parallel to each other, wherein the arc extinguishing plates (4) are spaced apart from each other in the stacking direction is maintained; and arc chamber partition wall (5), which is penetrated by ventilation holes (6, 6') arranged in the arc extinguishing plate interval between adjacent arc extinguishing plates (4); It is characterized in that there is a partition (7) which divides the exhaust gas flow escaping from said ventilation hole (6, 6') into a first and a second partial exhaust gas flow (8, 9 ), wherein the split exhaust flows (8, 9) move in opposite directions. 5. Electrical installation switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that the ventilation holes (6, 6') are arranged in two parallel rows at the height of the arc chamber partition wall (5), wherein , each ventilation hole (6, 6') is arranged staggered relative to its adjacent ventilation hole (6', 6) and each belongs to one of the columns, and the partition wall (7) is at least partially extending between the two columns of ventilation holes. 6. The electrical installation switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that, the partition wall (7) guides the first branch air flow (8) to the inside of the installation switchgear (100) In the compartment (13) adjacent to the arc extinguishing chamber (2). 7. The electrical installation switchgear (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the partition wall (7) guides the second branch air flow (9) to the housing wall (15) Exhaust hole (14) leading to the outside in. 8. The electrical installation switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that in the interior of the installation switchgear housing there is a flow guiding wall element (16) which makes the second partial exhaust flow ( 9) The inner chamber (13) remote from said mounting switchgear. 9. The electrical installation switchgear according to claim 7, characterized in that, the exhaust hole (14) guides the second branch exhaust flow (9) to the installation switchgear (100) narrow side (17). the

Images