CN201813557U - A wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wireless gateway based on wireless sensor network (WSN) and wireless fidelity (WiFi). The wireless gateway comprises a microprocessor, a crystal oscillation circuit, a radio frequency unit, a WiFi module, a WiFi antenna and a power supply module, wherein the WiFi module accesses the microprocessor into the WiFi wireless network; the WiFi antenna is arranged on the WiFi module and is connected with the WiFi module; the crystal oscillation circuit, the radio frequency unit and the WiFi module are connected with the microprocessor; and the microprocessor is in bidirectional communication with a wireless sensor node and/or a relay node in the wireless sensor network through the radio frequency unit, and is in bidirectional communication with a superior monitoring device through the WiFi module and the WiFi antenna. The wireless gateway is simple in structure, is convenient to connect and operate, has a plurality of communication modes, can be communicated with equipment with WiFi interfaces directly, has the advantages of flexible operation modes and stable and reliable working performance, and the defects of complicated connection, high construction difficulty, complicated data link, instability and the like of the conventional wireless gateway can be overcome.

Description

A wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi

technical field

The utility model relates to a wireless gateway, in particular to a wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi. the

Background technique

Wireless sensor network (abbreviation of English Wireless Sensor Network, WSN) is composed of a large number of cheap micro-sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area. A multi-hop self-organizing network system formed by multiple micro-sensor nodes through wireless communication, its purpose is Collaboratively perceive, collect and process the information of the perceived object in the network coverage area, and send it to the observer. Therefore, the sensor, the perceived object and the observer constitute the three elements of the wireless sensor network. the

The so-called WiFi is actually another name for IEEE 802.11b. certification". It is a short-range wireless transmission technology capable of supporting radio signals for Internet access within hundreds of feet. With the development of technology and the emergence of standards such as IEEE 802.11a and IEEE 802.11g, the standard IEEE 802.11 is now collectively referred to as WiFi. From the application level, to use WiFi, users must first have a WiFi-compatible client device. Wi-Fi is an enabling technology that helps users access email, the Web, and streaming media, providing users with wireless broadband Internet access. At the same time, it is also a fast and convenient way to surf the Internet at home, in the office or on the go. The places that can access WiFi networks are called hotspots. WiFi or 802.11G works in the 2.4Ghz frequency band, and the supported speed is up to 54Mbps. the

Nowadays, the wireless gateways appearing on the market mainly include wireless gateways based on WSN+Ethernet interface and wireless gateways based on WSN+serial port. In the actual use process, the former mainly has the following defects and deficiencies: ① If the gateway is placed on site: because the wiring of the gateway is wired, it is inconvenient to deploy network cables on site, which increases the difficulty of construction and reduces the operability of the system and maintainability. For example, for hydrological monitoring, sewage treatment monitoring, cultural relics protection, power grid monitoring, meteorological monitoring, etc., because the above monitoring is characterized by a wide distribution of monitoring points, scattered control and monitoring points, etc., it is difficult to connect with the method of laying pipelines , the network cable to be used is very long, which not only increases the cost, but also affects the appearance. ②If the gateway is placed in the computer room: the monitoring area is far away from the gateway, then many relays are needed to transmit the data back to the gateway step by step. Due to the addition of many relays, the number of data hops is greatly increased, which will cause the data link to be unstable and easy to lose data, which will make the data link complicated, difficult to construct and maintain, and also increase the power consumption of the system. and cost. In addition, if each relay node is powered by a battery, it will often run out of power, which requires frequent charging, so that the operability and practicability of the system will be significantly reduced; If you have to throw it away, it will pollute the environment and is not environmentally friendly. The latter has the following defects and deficiencies: the user must monitor the data at close range, but cannot monitor the data remotely, and the data must be transmitted back by relay, which is the same as the former's shortcoming ②. the

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art. The device with WiFi interface communicates directly, with flexible operation mode and stable and reliable working performance, which can effectively solve various defects and deficiencies in existing wireless gateways, such as complex wiring, difficult construction, complex and unstable data link, etc. the

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi, which is characterized in that it includes a microprocessor, a crystal oscillator circuit, a radio frequency unit, and a device for connecting the microprocessor to the WiFi wireless network. The WiFi module, the WiFi antenna installed on the WiFi module and connected with the WiFi module, and the power module for supplying power to each power consumption unit, the crystal oscillator circuit, the radio frequency unit and the WiFi module are all connected with the microprocessor, and the power modules are respectively It is connected with the microprocessor and the radio frequency unit, and the microprocessor performs two-way communication with the wireless sensor nodes and/or relay nodes in the wireless sensor network through the radio frequency unit, and the microprocessor communicates with the upper monitoring machine through the WiFi module and the WiFi antenna For two-way communication. the

The above-mentioned wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi is characterized in that it also includes an Ethernet communication module connected to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor is correspondingly provided with an Ethernet interface for accessing the Ethernet communication module. the

The above-mentioned wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi is characterized in that: the WiFi module and the microprocessor perform bidirectional communication through a serial interface, and both the Ethernet interface and the serial interface are UART interfaces. the

The above wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi is characterized in that: the radio frequency unit includes a radio frequency module, a PCB antenna connected to the radio frequency module, and an SMA antenna connected to the PCB antenna. the

The above-mentioned wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi is characterized in that: the wireless radio frequency module is a CC1100 wireless communication chip. the

The above wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi is characterized in that: the CC1100 wireless communication chip and the microprocessor are connected through the SPI interface. the

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. Reasonable design, low cost, convenient installation and layout, simple structure and beautiful appearance. . the

2. The circuit is simple and the wiring is convenient. the

3. Simple operation, flexible operation mode and high degree of intelligence. the

4. Low power consumption and good use effect, convenient construction, using WiFi communication means, greatly reduces the difficulty of construction, and improves the operability and maintainability of the system. Compared with traditional field wiring technology, it overcomes the disadvantages of wiring. For wireless field wiring technology, it has better communication security, low power consumption and higher reliability. the

5. It has a variety of data communication modes. In places without Ethernet, data can be transmitted as long as there is a mobile phone signal, so that the gateway can adapt to various environments. the

6. The data can be monitored remotely, with high practical value. the

7. Because the WiFi module is used, a device with a WiFi interface (such as a PC, a router, etc.) is used to connect the utility model, that is, it can directly communicate with the device with a WiFi interface. the

To sum up, the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient circuit wiring, convenient use and operation, multiple communication modes, direct communication with devices with WiFi interface, flexible operation mode, stable and reliable working performance, and can effectively solve existing problems. The wireless gateway has various defects and deficiencies such as complex wiring, difficult construction, complex and unstable data link, etc. the

The technical solutions of the present utility model will be further described in detail through the drawings and embodiments below. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of circuit principle of the utility model. the

Explanation of reference signs:

1-microprocessor; 2-crystal oscillator circuit; 3-radio frequency unit;

4-WiFi module; 5-power supply module; 6-Ethernet communication module;

7-WiFi antenna; 8-superior monitoring machine. the

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model comprises microprocessor 1, crystal oscillator circuit 2, radio frequency unit 3, the WiFi module 4 that microprocessor 1 is connected to WiFi wireless network, is installed on WiFi module 4 and is connected with WiFi module 4 The connected WiFi antenna 7 and the power supply module 5 for supplying power to each power consumption unit, the crystal oscillator circuit 2, the radio frequency unit 3 and the WiFi module 4 are all connected with the microprocessor 1, and the power supply module 5 is connected with the microprocessor 1 and the The radio frequency unit 3 is connected, and the microprocessor 1 performs two-way communication with the wireless sensor nodes and/or relay nodes in the wireless sensor network through the radio frequency unit 3 . In actual use, the microprocessor 1 performs two-way communication with the upper monitoring machine 8 through the WiFi module 4 and the WiFi antenna 7 . the

In this embodiment, the utility model also includes an Ethernet communication module 6 connected to the microprocessor 1 , and the microprocessor 1 is correspondingly provided with an Ethernet interface for connecting to the Ethernet communication module 6 . Two-way communication is performed between the WiFi module 4 and the microprocessor 1 through a serial interface, and both the Ethernet interface and the serial interface are UART interfaces. the

The radio frequency unit 3 includes a radio frequency module, a PCB antenna connected to the radio frequency module and an SMA antenna connected to the PCB antenna. In this embodiment, the wireless radio frequency module is a CC1100 wireless communication chip, and the CC1100 wireless communication chip and the microprocessor 1 are connected through an SPI interface. the

In summary, the hardware part of the present invention includes a microprocessor (ie MCU) 1 , a crystal oscillator circuit 2 , a radio frequency unit 3 , a WiFi module 4 , an Ethernet communication module 6 and a power supply module 5 . Among them, the radio frequency unit 3 is used to complete wireless data transmission and communication work with other communication points (specifically referring to sensor nodes and/or relay nodes in the wireless sensor network), mainly composed of CC1100 wireless communication chip, RF circuit, crystal oscillator The circuit and an external SMA antenna are connected, and the power supply is provided directly by the MCU main board. The CC1100 wireless communication chip completes the wireless communication processing through the RF circuit, and is responsible for completing the communication with the MCU main board; the external high-gain SMA antenna can be used for long-distance transmission. The Ethernet communication module 6 is used for plugging in a network cable so as to connect to a computer or a router. The RJ45 network interface can be easily connected to the router in the computer room, and the user can remotely connect to the server to view the data sent back by the sensor. The WiFi module 4 is a serial interface with a baud rate of 38400kbps, which is used to transmit data to the Internet. The oscillation frequency of the crystal oscillator signal generated by the crystal oscillator circuit 2 is 8MHz. The serial interface is correspondingly designed with a serial communication circuit for level matching. the

The CC1100 wireless communication chip is specifically a radio frequency module with a working frequency of 433MHz, wherein 433MHz is an ISM frequency band, and the ISM frequency band is an industrial, scientific and medical frequency band. No license is required, and only a certain transmission power (generally lower than 1W) is required. And do not cause interference to other frequency bands. In actual use, the RF power of the CC1100 wireless communication chip is adjustable (including 10dBm, 5dBm, 0dBm, -5dBm, -10dBm, etc.), and the baud rate is 250kbps. At the same time, the corresponding functional software is embedded inside the microprocessor 1, specifically including a hardware layer, a network layer and an application layer. The functions provided by the system should include hardware abstraction, clock management, memory management, routing management and task processing. The hardware layer mainly implements hardware abstraction and wireless transceiver functions, the network layer mainly implements the establishment of routing, and the application layer mainly implements the specific functions of upper-layer applications, such as packaging data. The input voltage of the power module 5 is 4.2V and its output voltage is 3.3V. the

During actual wiring, the Ethernet communication module 6 and the WiFi module 4 are connected to the UART interface of the microprocessor 1 , and the wireless radio frequency module is connected to the SPI interface of the microprocessor 1 . Described WiFi module 4 is connected on the DB9 plug of the present utility model using serial port line, and described wireless radio frequency module uses the radio frequency circuit (RF) communication board that external SMA antenna and reserved PCB antenna are connected to form, the MCU of microprocessor 1 The main board is connected to the RF communication board through a plug-in. In addition, network cables can be used to connect the utility model to the PC and this connection is an active connection. When the Ethernet interface is not used, the network cable can also be fixedly connected; the WiFi module 4 can also replace the Ethernet interface. the

In actual use, because the wireless sensor network WSN includes many types of sensors, it can detect the surrounding environment including earthquake, electromagnetic, temperature, humidity, noise, light intensity, pressure, soil composition, size, speed and direction of moving objects, etc. In various phenomena, the sensor node transmits the sampling data to the relay node (also can directly pass to the utility model) by radio, the relay node then transmits the data to the utility model, and finally the data passes through the WiFi module 4 And the WiFi antenna 7 has entered the WiFi wireless network, and the data is sent to the monitoring center by remote transmission, so that the line monitoring can be implemented in front of the computer sitting in the office. the

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present utility model still belong to Within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the utility model. the

Claims (6)

1. A kind of wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi, it is characterized in that: comprise microprocessor (1), crystal oscillator circuit (2), radio frequency unit (3), the WiFi that microprocessor (1) is inserted into WiFi wireless network Module (4), the WiFi antenna (7) that is installed on the WiFi module (4) and joins with WiFi module (4) and the power supply module (5) that supplies power for each electric unit, described crystal oscillator circuit (2) , the radio frequency unit (3) and the WiFi module (4) are all connected with the microprocessor (1), the power supply module (5) is respectively connected with the microprocessor (1) and the radio frequency unit (3), and the microprocessor (1) ) carry out two-way communication with the wireless sensor nodes and/or relay nodes in the wireless sensor network through the radio frequency unit (3), and the microprocessor (1) communicates with the host monitoring machine through the WiFi module (4) and the WiFi antenna (7) (8) Carry out two-way communication. 2. according to a kind of wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the Ethernet communication module (6) that joins with microprocessor (1), described microprocessor (1 ) is correspondingly provided with an Ethernet interface for accessing the Ethernet communication module (6). 3. according to a kind of wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi described in claim 2, it is characterized in that: carry out two-way communication through serial interface between described WiFi module (4) and microprocessor (1), described Ethernet Both the network interface and the serial interface are UART interfaces. 4. A kind of wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi according to claim 3, characterized in that: the radio frequency unit (3) includes a radio frequency module, a PCB antenna connected to the radio frequency module and a PCB antenna connected to the radio frequency module SMA antenna with PCB antenna attached. 5. A wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi according to claim 4, wherein the wireless radio frequency module is a CC1100 wireless communication chip. 6. A wireless gateway based on WSN and WiFi according to claim 5, characterized in that: the CC1100 wireless communication chip and the microprocessor (1) are connected through an SPI interface.

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