CN201755923U - Composite board with multi-layer sandwich structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a composite board with a multi-sandwich layer structure, which comprises a first skin, a sandwich part and a second skin bonded in sequence; the sandwich part includes several sandwich layers; the The material of several sandwich layers is a combination of any two or more than two kinds of functional polymer foam materials, which include polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide, polymethacrylimide, polyvinyl chloride, Polyurethane elastomer, polyethylene and other polymer lightweight foam materials with high polymer as the main component. According to the specific requirements for the performance of the composite board in practical applications, the composite board of the present invention adopts the combination of sandwich layers of materials with corresponding advantageous properties, and fully exerts the superior performance of each material. The utility model has multiple sandwich layers. The structural composite board has outstanding comprehensive performance, high performance advantages and cost performance, and is especially suitable for rail vehicles in the transportation field.

Description

A composite panel with a multi-sandwich layer structure

technical field

The utility model relates to a composite board with a multi-sandwich layer structure, in particular to a composite board with a multi-sandwich layer structure which is applied to transportation vehicles such as rail vehicles in the traffic field.

Background technique

At present, in the field of transportation, composite panels are mostly used as structural parts. One of the advantages of composite panels is light weight and good rigidity. Not only does it have the performance advantages of the internal core material, but it also has a higher overall stiffness than the core material itself. The stiffness of the composite panel depends more on the thickness and thickness of the core material. The material properties of the skin.

For the traffic field, in addition to the rigidity requirements, at least fire performance, impact resistance, etc. are required. Therefore, the scope of material selection is often limited to some core materials with excellent performance, such as polyethersulfone resin (PES), polyetherimide (PEI) or polymethacrylimide (PMI) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc. Since most of the current composite panel sandwiches use a single material, composite panels that require multiple performance requirements are generally completed with materials that have better performance at the same time, but in this case, it is more important to meet one performance. The structure often requires the composite board to have a certain thickness. When the thickness of the composite board exceeds a certain value, the material near the neutral layer often only plays a supporting role. The excellent performance of the core layer material selected because of its flammability will not be shown in the test or actual use. Therefore, in this case, if the same material is selected as the core material of the composite panel, the good performance of the material itself cannot be fully utilized.

In EP1619020A1, for the design of composite panels with impact resistance requirements, in order to expand the selection range of core materials, a strengthening method for composite panels used in vehicle wall panel linings is proposed, using stronger materials to reinforce thin skins, or directly Replacing thin-skinned composite panels with stronger materials provides a connection between the material used for reinforcement and the core material.

CN200710039586.2 proposes a method for strengthening the thin skin by using glass fiber reinforced plastics for the composite board that bears relatively complex external loads, and provides a process for strengthening the skin of the composite board.

Both methods do not deviate from the idea of strengthening the skin, neither take into account the different conditions that the sandwich composition needs to meet from the upper skin to the lower skin, and do not consider the performance requirements of the sandwich material at different interlayer positions Different, to choose the core material and combine the components of the core material.

Utility model content

The utility model provides a composite board with a multi-sandwich layer structure for rail vehicles. The composite board has a simple structure and excellent comprehensive performance, and meets the increasing multi-faceted performance requirements of the composite board material in the traffic field.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a composite panel with a multi-sandwich layer structure, which comprises a first skin, a sandwich part and a second skin bonded in sequence; the sandwich part Contains several sandwich layers; the material used for the sandwich layer in the sandwich part is selected from any combination of two or more functional polymer foam materials, and the functional polymer foam material is made of polymer basic components.

Further, the functional polymer foam material includes polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide, polymethacrylimide, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyethylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-styrene These functional polymer foam materials have any one or more of the following advantages: light weight, low cost, corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, insulation, high specific strength, ability to absorb impact loads and Heat insulation, sound insulation, etc.

The several sandwich layers are bonded, fastened or bolted to form a sandwich part.

The core material whose at least one side is in contact with the skin is made of polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide, polymethacrylimide or polyvinyl chloride.

The first skin and the second skin are the main force-bearing members of the entire composite panel, and the materials used are selected from thin metal plates such as aluminum plates, steel plates, and copper plates; or selected from non-metallic thin plates such as glass steel plates or carbon fiber plates. ; The thickness of the first skin and the second skin is 0.2 mm to 10 mm.

The utility model also relates to a rail vehicle, which is composed of a skeleton and a composite plate, wherein the composite plate constituting the rail vehicle adopts the composite plate with a multi-sandwich layer structure provided by the utility model.

According to the performance requirements of the composite board, the utility model constructs a sandwich-type composite board with multiple core components. The total thickness of the composite board depends on the rigidity and structural requirements of the composite board and the materials used for the skin. The first skin and the second skin are selected from commonly used metal or non-metal sheets with high strength.

According to the performance requirements of the composite board, the utility model can select the sandwich layer with excellent impact resistance and fireproof performance on the first skin or the second skin or the inner contact surface of the first skin and the second skin. PES, PEI or PMI or other engineering materials with good mechanical properties, electrical properties or physical properties, the thickness of the sandwich layer depends on the performance requirements of the composite board and the thickness and material of the skin. The thickness of the skin is large and the material is good, and the thickness of the sandwich layer is small. On the contrary, the thickness of the sandwich layer is large, and the material of the inner sandwich layer is made of other relatively weak lightweight materials such as polyvinyl chloride. PVC, PES, PEI or PMI, etc. or even polyurethane elastomer (PUR) or polyethylene (PE), which constitute at least two or three layers or more than three layers of sandwich layers, and more than two types of sandwich layer materials Composition Core Composite Panel.

If the lightweight requirements for the performance of the composite board are strict, and the overall fatigue performance, impact resistance performance, high temperature performance and flame retardancy are considered comprehensively, only PES and PEI can be used as the material for the outer sandwich layer, and PMI and PES for the inner layer material. Even one or more combinations of PVC. The combination and thickness of the inner layer depends on the requirements of the structure on the performance of the composite panel.

If the composite board requires low price and excellent thermal insulation performance, the combination of PS and PUR can be preferred. The combination and thickness of the inner layer depends on the structure's requirements for thermal insulation and mechanical properties of the composite board.

The sandwich-type multi-sandwich layer composite board material of the utility model can be used as a board for manufacturing rail vehicles, and can also be used as a board for transportation tools such as airplanes, ships, buildings and automobiles.

The composite panel with multi-sandwich layer structure of the utility model uses a variety of materials as the sandwich layer, according to the performance requirements of different layers, adopts materials with corresponding excellent performance, and rationally utilizes the mechanical properties and mechanical properties of the materials. , which makes the comprehensive performance of the composite board outstanding, with high performance advantages and cost performance. The novel composite plate material of the utility model can be used to manufacture vehicles such as rail vehicles, and can improve the comprehensive performance of the existing vehicles.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the composite board schematic diagram of a kind of three-layer sandwich two kinds of compositions of the composite board with multi-layer structure of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a kind of two-layer sandwich two-component composite board schematic diagram of the composite board with multi-layer structure of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a kind of three-layer sandwich three-component composite board schematic diagram of the composite board with multi-sandwich layer structure of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of applying the composite panel with multi-sandwich layer structure of the present invention to a rail vehicle.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, it is a three-layer sandwich two-component composite plate, with a total thickness of generally 20mm to 80mm. The total thickness of the composite board in this embodiment is 60mm. The skin is a thin plate such as aluminum plate, steel plate, glass steel plate or carbon fiber plate, and the thickness is generally 0.2mm to 10.0mm. In this embodiment, the first skin 11 is a 1.2mm aluminum plate, and the second skin 12 is a 1.0mm aluminum plate; the sandwich part includes three layers of sandwich materials, and the sandwich material is a PEI core material 25 with a thickness of 10 mm to 15 mm and a thickness of 24 combinations of PMI core materials of 27.8-37.8mm. Wherein, the PEI core material 25 is connected with the skin, and the PMI core material 24 is sandwiched inside two layers of PEI core materials 25 . The first skin 11 , the PEI core 25 , the PMI core 24 , the PEI core 25 and the second skin 12 are sequentially bonded by an adhesive to form a composite board.

The skin is made of lightweight aluminum plate, which can effectively reduce the weight of the composite plate and ensure proper strength and rigidity. The PEI core material 25 used next to the skin 11 and the skin 12 has sufficient strength and rigidity at high temperature, and has good flame retardancy and good elongation. Compared with the PEI core material 25, the PMI core material 24 has stronger tensile and shear strength and can play a role in strengthening the core layer, so it is placed near the neutral layer of the composite board. The PMI core material 24 sandwiched between the PEI core materials 25 can provide the required supporting strength and rigidity, and also has the ability to maintain strength, rigidity and flame retardancy at high temperature.

The composite panel of this embodiment has a very good weight-to-performance ratio, and can meet the requirements of the carriage roof 31, the carriage side roof 32, the carriage side panel 33 and the carriage floor 34 of the rail vehicle 3, and meet the requirements of high temperature performance, flame retardancy and Requirements for greater elongation.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 2, it is a two-layer sandwich composite board with two components, the total thickness is generally 20mm to 80mm, and the total thickness of the composite board in this embodiment is 60mm. The skin is a thin plate such as aluminum plate, steel plate, glass steel plate or carbon fiber plate, and the thickness is generally 0.2mm to 10.0mm. In this embodiment, the first skin 11 is a 1.0mm aluminum plate, and the second skin 12 is a 1.0mm stainless steel; the sandwich part includes two layers of sandwich materials, and the sandwich material is a PES core material 22 with a thickness of 10 mm to 15 mm and a thickness of 43mm ~ 48mm PMI core material 24 combinations. The first skin 11 , the PES core 22 , the PMI core 24 and the second skin 12 are sequentially bonded by an adhesive to form a composite board.

The first skin 11 is made of lightweight aluminum plate, which can effectively reduce the weight of the composite plate and ensure sufficient strength and rigidity. The second skin 12 is made of stainless steel, which can effectively protect against external impact, and is adjacent to the first skin 11. The PES core material 22 has strength and rigidity under high temperature, flame retardancy and elongation, and the PMI core material 24 is used in the spatial position close to the second skin 12, and the tensile and shear strength of the PMI core material 24 are relatively strong. , play the role of strengthening the core layer, can provide the required support strength and rigidity, and also have the strength and rigidity at high temperature, and flame retardant properties.

The composite panel of this embodiment can have strong flame retardancy and high temperature resistance, better bending stiffness, and better impact protection ability, and can meet the requirements of the side panels 33, floor 34 and front 35 of the rail vehicle 3. requirements.

Example 3

As shown in Figure 3, it is a three-layer sandwich composite plate with three components, and the total thickness is generally 20mm to 80mm. The total thickness of the composite board in this embodiment is 60mm. The skin is a thin plate such as aluminum plate, steel plate, glass steel plate or carbon fiber plate, with a thickness of 0.2mm to 10.0mm. In this embodiment, the first skin 11 is 2.0mm stainless steel, and the second skin 12 is 2.0mm stainless steel; the sandwich part includes three layers of sandwich materials, and there are three kinds of sandwich materials, and the sandwich materials are selected from PES core material 22, PVC The combination of the core material 23 and the PMI core material 24 is connected by buckling. The first skin 11 is bonded to the PES core material 22 with a thickness of 15 mm to 20 mm through an adhesive, and the second skin 12 is connected to the PMI core material 24 through an adhesive bond, wherein the thickness of the PMI core material 24 is 10 mm ~20mm, the thickness of the PVC core material 23 is 16mm-31mm.

The skin is made of stainless steel, which can effectively improve the impact resistance of the composite plate and ensure proper strength and rigidity. The PES core material 22 used adjacent to the skin 11 and the PMI core material 24 used adjacent to the skin 12 have sufficient strength and rigidity at high temperatures, and have good flame retardancy and good elongation performance. PVC plays the role of strengthening the core layer and is placed near the neutral layer of the composite board.

The composite panel of this embodiment can meet the requirements of the roof 31 , the floor 34 and the front 35 of the rail vehicle 3 , and has very good impact resistance.

Example 4

As shown in FIG. 4 , it is a rail vehicle 3 manufactured by using the composite panel with multi-sandwich layer structure of the present invention. The rail vehicle top plate 31 of the rail vehicle 3, the rail vehicle side top plate 32, the rail vehicle side plate 33, the rail vehicle floor 34, one or all of the rail vehicle head 35 select the composite plate with the multi-sandwich layer structure of the utility model.

In above-mentioned embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, those of ordinary skill in the industry can easily draw, described PMI, PEI can be replaced by PEI, PES, PMI and PVC etc., or described PES, PMI and PVC can be replaced by combinations of PEI, PMI, PES, PVC and PS to achieve the technical effect required by the structure. Moreover, according to the description of the utility model, the sandwich layer material of the sandwich part of the composite plate with multi-sandwich layer structure of the utility model can be selected from any engineering material with good mechanical properties, electrical properties, thermal properties or mechanical properties. any combination of two or more of them.

The above-mentioned embodiment only demonstrates an adhesive and a fastening structure, and those skilled in the art can easily find out that other fastening forms or bolts can also be used to connect the sandwich layers.

The above example only demonstrates 2-layer and 3-layer sandwich components. The actual number of layers and components is determined according to the demand, and is not subject to the above restrictions. Generally, it does not exceed 6 layers. The adhesives mentioned are not counted in the number of layers described in the examples.

In the above-mentioned Embodiment 4, the outer shape of the rail vehicle is not limited to the above-mentioned appearance shape.

The composite board with multi-sandwich layer structure of the utility model adopts the combination of sandwich layers of materials with corresponding advantageous properties according to the specific requirements of the actual application on the performance of the composite board, and fully exerts the performance of each material, and the obtained product has multiple Composite panels with sandwich layer structure have reliable comprehensive performance and obvious advantages. The rail vehicles and other transportation means manufactured by the new composite board with multi-sandwich layer structure can effectively improve the comprehensive performance of the transportation means and have extensive popularization value.

Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be recognized that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. Various modifications and substitutions of the present utility model will be obvious to those skilled in the art after reading the above content. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. composite plate with many laminboard layers structure, this composite plate comprises first covering (11), sandwich portion and second covering (12), it is characterized in that, and described sandwich portion comprises some laminboard layers.

2. the composite plate with many laminboard layers structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described some laminboard layers are by bonding or be connected to form sandwich portion by snapping or by bolt.

3. the composite plate with many sandwich structures as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first covering (11) and second covering (12) are respectively metal or nonmetal thin plate, and the thickness of described first covering (11) and second covering (12) is 0.2mm～10mm.

4. the composite plate with many sandwich structures as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described first covering (11) and second covering (12) are selected aluminium sheet, steel plate, copper coin, glass epoxy or carbon fiber board.

5. the composite plate with many laminboard layers structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described composite plate thickness is 20mm～80mm.

6. a rail vehicle is made of skeleton and composite plate, it is characterized in that, the composite board that constitutes this rail vehicle adopts many sandwich structures of the described field of traffic of claim 1 composite plate.

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