Background technology
Often from the surface beginning, solids impact or wash away the erosive wear that causes material is the major reason that many machinery and equipment, damage of components are scrapped in the commercial production to the destruction of parts material.In industrial sectors such as Aero-Space, metallurgy, mining, electric power, use pneumatic plants in a large number, take out (row) blower fan, conveying contains the gas of solid particles such as a large amount of sand grains, slag, dust, under the carrying of air-flow, these solid particles are accelerated in blower fan, parts such as compressor blade, fan blade, exhausr port, liner plate there is serious erosive wear effect, significantly reduced the serviceable life of machinery and equipment parts, how to have prevented that therefore equipment erosion inefficacy from reaching the key problem in technology that the test of the wear-resisting anti-erosion property of product has been become above industrial sector.At present, usually use the wear-resisting anti-erosion property of pressurized air stream solid particle ballistic method testing coating, performance of flushing test for protective coating, at home in the existing equipment, the liquid-solid double-phase scouring corrosion device that has some forms, comprise rotary, fluid-guiding type and injecting type test unit, regulate the defective that difficulty and test period grow from having solved the angle of attack in varying degrees.When but pure solids wash away sample surfaces, the nozzle place discontinuous problem of shaking out can occur, this has greatly influenced experimental result, has also reduced conventional efficient simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of hydrocone type funnel type solids erosion-corrosion experiment device, solve that the difficulty that tests the speed in the prior art, test period are long, solids are along the funnel recoil and discontinuous these the several problems of shaking out, and can control sand grains speed, flow, the angle of attack and apart from the sample surfaces distance.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of hydrocone type funnel type solids erosion experiment apparatus, be characterized in comprising air compressor machine that compressed air source is provided, be arranged at Vib. in the chamber, be installed on funnel, the spray gun of Vib. lower end and the mechanism for testing that is positioned at spray gun the place ahead, described Vib. and spray gun are connected with air compressor machine by tracheae, described tracheae is provided with variable valve, and described funnel exit end is connected with the sand adjustable valve and is connected with spray gun by sandpipe.
Wherein, above-mentioned mechanism for testing can be a test unit, also can be speed measuring device.If above-mentioned mechanism for testing is when comprising the test unit of specimen holder and angle of attack adjustment seat, but described test unit then the fit on sample carry out the erosion experiment; If above-mentioned mechanism for testing is when including the speed measuring device of double plate knotmeter, described speed measuring device then can be measured the speed of solids by this speed measuring device.
Above-mentioned Vib. can be Vib. miscellaneous, for reaching better flowability, the utility model is selected the turbine pneumatic Vib. for use, for avoiding solids along funnel recoil with shake out discontinuous, described spray gun rear end is connected with tracheae and the sandpipe that joins with variable valve, and the angular range of the tracheae of spray gun rear end and sandpipe is 20 °-50 °.
The utility model is because the employing pressure regulator valve is controlled Vib. and the spray gun in the chamber, thereby control the flying speed of solids, wash away pressure by change and control flow velocity, can obtain different flow speed values, peak flow rate (PFR) can reach 60m/s, and utilize pneumatic vibrator to solve to wash away in the process sand grains mobile bad and cause discontinuous this technical barrier of sand grains, by the sand grains flow of sand adjustable valve may command in the unit interval, can regulate arbitrarily by angle of attack adjustment seat and to wash away the angle of attack and apart from the sample surfaces distance, whole process is simple and easy to operate, experimental result is comprehensive, accurately, cycle is short, has improved conventional efficient greatly; Again because mechanism for testing can be for including the speed measuring device of double plate knotmeter, utilize solids to impact on the double plate speed measuring device and the double plate speed measuring device is changed, utilize its variation to cooperate formula can calculate the speed of washing away solids again, thereby obtain the corresponding relation that difference is washed away pressure and solids speed, its speed-measuring method simple and fast.In sum, experimental provision of the present utility model can be controlled flow, flow velocity, the angle of attack, the distance of sand grains when washing away, and when work noise less, also very environmental protection, practical value is big, can be widely used in industries such as Aero-Space, metallurgy, mining, electric power.
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of hydrocone type funnel type solids erosion experiment apparatus, comprising the air compressor machine 1 that compressed air source is provided, be arranged at and be provided with Vib. 3 in the chamber 9, be installed on the funnel 4 of Vib. 3 lower ends, spray gun 5 and the mechanism for testing that is positioned at spray gun 5 the place aheads, this Vib. 3 and spray gun 5 are connected with air compressor machine 1 by tracheae 6, also on tracheae 6, be provided with variable valve 2, be connected with sand adjustable valve 7 in the lower end of funnel 4 and be connected with spray gun 5 by sandpipe 8, the Vib. 3 of this embodiment is a turbine pneumatic Vib. 3, the gas of air compressor machine 1 leads to turbine pneumatic Vib. 3 through variable valve 2 backs one route tracheae 6, and another road arrives spray gun 5 by tracheae 6; This funnel 4 is fixed on the brandreth 91 that matches with its size, the upper end-face edge of brandreth 91 has two apertures, be used for fixing turbine pneumatic Vib. 3, thereby make turbine pneumatic Vib. 3 can be fixed on the upper end of funnel 4, the other end of brandreth 91 is fixed on the inwall of chamber 9, then be connected with above-mentioned sand adjustable valve 7 in the exit, lower end of funnel 4, endpiece at sand adjustable valve 7 is provided with the sandpipe 8 that is connected with spray gun 5, flows in the spray gun 5 by sandpipe 8 by the solids in the sand adjustable valve 7 control funnels 4; The inswept rear end of this spray gun 5 is wide, wherein above-mentioned sandpipe 8 and tracheae 6 all penetrate from the rear end of spray gun 5, and the angle between sandpipe 8 and the tracheae 6 is 20 °-50 °, the front end of spray gun 5 then is connected with nozzle 51, the internal diameter size of this nozzle 51 is 1.5 ± 0.075mm, length is 50mm, is provided with gun fixture in chamber 9, and this gun fixture is made up of spray gun unit clamp and the stationary links on the channel-section steel that is welded on chamber 9; The place ahead at nozzle 51 then is fixed with mechanism for testing, mechanism for testing among Fig. 1 is the specimen holder 10 that fixed sample is used, this specimen holder 10 is fixed on angle of attack adjustment seat 11 upper ends, angle of attack adjustment seat 11 then is to be slidably mounted on the channel-section steel of chamber 9 by bolt, therefore can regulate the distance of specimen holder 10 arbitrarily to nozzle 51, and shake the handle of angle of attack adjustment seat 11, then can regulate the angle of nozzle 51 and specimen holder 10, the size that can regulate the angle of attack arbitrarily.This experimental provision also is provided with foot-switch and power switch, is respectively applied for control gas circuit and circuit, and before each erosion corrosion test run, first switch power supply is opened foot-switch again.This chamber 9 is whole to be an airtight space, and dust pelletizing system is housed, very environmental protection; noise is also smaller, is provided with viewing window on chamber 9 walls, sees through viewing window and can be observed whole experiment; right side at chamber 9 also is provided with door, by opening the device that this can adjust its inside.Utilize pressure regulator valve 2 to control the flying speed of solids, wash away pressure by change and control flow velocity, can obtain different flow speed values, and utilize turbine pneumatic Vib. 3 to solve to wash away in the process sand grains mobile bad and cause discontinuous this technical barrier of sand grains, by the sand grains flow of sand adjustable valve 7 may command in the unit interval, can regulate arbitrarily by angle of attack adjustment seat 11 and to wash away the angle of attack and nozzle 51 distance apart from sample surfaces, whole process is simple and easy to operate, experimental result is comprehensive, accurate, the cycle is short, has improved conventional efficient greatly.
The principle of work of this hydrocone type funnel type solids erosion experiment apparatus is as follows: during washout test, at first install specimen holder 10 and angle of attack adjustment seat 11 according to Fig. 1, then sample is fixed on the specimen holder 10, mobile angle of attack adjustment seat 11, making sample surfaces is 10mm apart from the distance of nozzle, be fixed by bolts to then on the channel-section steel, use the handle of hand moving angle of attack adjustment seat 11 again, regulate the needed angle of washing away of test.After treating that these work are finished, put into a certain amount of white fused alumina sand grains (principal ingredient Al2O3, particle diameter are 50 μ m) and, close the door of chamber 9 to funnel 4.Turn on the power switch, regulate pressure regulator valve 2, pressure is adjusted to required force value, open foot-switch then, this moment, pressurized air was through being divided into two-way behind the T-valve, and one the tunnel feeds to turbine pneumatic Vib. 3, other a tunnel and then feeds in the gas circuit of spray gun 5, sand grains in the funnel 4 is under the effect of pneumatic vibrator 3, sand grains produces negative pressure, under the effect of negative pressure because deadweight is leaked to funnel 4 bottoms in the spray gun 5, sand grains by sandpipe 8, is inhaled the surface that is incident upon sample by funnel 4.When treating in the funnel 4 no sand grains, close foot-switch and power switch successively, thereby finish the whole process of washing away.
As shown in Figure 2, the outfit double plate speed measuring device of this embodiment, this double plate quick test device includes the double plate knotmeter, this double plate knotmeter comprises the preceding rotating disk 12 that has a small sircle hole 121 on the disc, the tachometer disc 13 that the surface is stained with aluminium foil, motor 14 and the pedestal 15 that the driving double plate rotates, rotating disk 12 is coaxially installed in the rotating shaft 151 of pedestal 15 with tachometer disc 13 before described, and this double plate speed measuring device can be installed in the position of angle of attack adjustment seat 11.This embodiment is as follows about the mensuration of eroding velocity:
Specimen holder among Fig. 1 10 and angle of attack adjustment seat 11 are taken out, again the double plate speed measuring device is put into chamber 9, and be fixed on the channel-section steel, the small sircle hole on the preceding rotating disk 12 121 is aimed at nozzle 51, and adjustable range is to 10mm.Quantitative white fused alumina sand grains is added in the funnel 4, turn on the power switch then, regulate pressure regulator valve 2, pressure is transferred to 0.1MPa, open foot-switch again, the flow of sand grains when control is washed away, the rate of sending into that makes sand grains is 2 ± 0.5g/min.At this moment, the sand grains ejection on the aluminium foil on the small sircle hole 121 arrival tachometer discs 13, forms a roundlet trace; Behind about 1min, plug the power switch of double plate knotmeter, motor will drive coaxial double plate and rotate, most sand grains will be blocked in other positions of preceding rotating disk 12, only allow a part of particle by small sircle hole 121, pass this part particle meeting of small sircle hole 121 and impact the position that lags behind former roundlet trace certain angle on the aluminium foil, after after a while, just can form another roundlet trace, on the aluminium foil of tachometer disc 13, note the position of two roundlet traces like this, measure two roundlet trace center distance D, utilize following formula to calculate the flying speed of sand grains
Wherein R be preceding rotating disk 12 the center of circle to the distance of center circle of small sircle hole 121 from, the spacing between preceding rotating disk 12 and the tachometer disc 13 is d, the rotating speed of motor 14 is 2960r/min.Make then to use the same method, regulate pressure to 0.15 successively, 0.20,0.25,0.30,0.35,0.40MPa so just obtains a series of D value, thereby calculates the speed of corresponding sand grains.The corresponding relation figure that washes away pressure and sand grains speed as shown in Figure 3.Do erosion when experiment actual, need to measure earlier the relation of washing away pressure and solids speed, and then select the eroding velocity that is fit to according to the data that draw and the sample that will do erosion experiment, whole experiment can be controlled flow, flow velocity, the angle of attack, the distance of sand grains when washing away, and noise is less during work, also very environmental protection, practical value is big, can be widely used in industries such as Aero-Space, metallurgy, mining, electric power.
Although the utility model is to describe with reference to specific embodiment, this description and not meaning that is construed as limiting the utility model.With reference to description of the present utility model, other of the disclosed embodiments change, and all can expect for those skilled in the art, and this variation should belong in the affiliated claim institute restricted portion.