CN201572952U - Anti-chatter indexable inserts for sidewall milling - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-vibration indexable blade for side wall milling, which comprises a blade body surrounded by an upper surface, a lower surface, two end surfaces connecting the upper and lower surfaces, and two side surfaces. The center of the blade body is provided with a blade center hole for installing a clamping screw, and the intersection line of the upper surface and the two side surfaces forms a pair of main cutting edges, and the main cutting edges are composed of a cutting section and a space avoiding section. The radius R1 of the cutting rotation cylinder of the cutting segment is greater than the radius R2 of the cutting rotation cylinder of the avoidance segment, and the length of the cutting segment is shorter than the length of the avoidance segment. The anti-chatter indexable insert for sidewall milling can reduce machining chatter and improve sidewall milling precision during sidewall milling.

Description

Anti-chatter indexable inserts for sidewall milling

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of metal cutting, in particular to an indexable blade installed on a rotary tool body.

Background technique

The existing commonly used indexable milling inserts usually have many problems when machining vertical walls with high precision requirements. This is more prevalent when the body overhang is long resulting in severe machining vibrations.

Chinese patent ZL90102672.7 discloses a cutting insert for milling tools, the main cutting edge of which is obtained by the intersection of an axially inclined plane and a cylindrical surface of constant diameter, when the cutting insert is mounted on a tool body with the same diameter as the design When turning up, the cylindrical surface obtained by the rotation of the cutting edge can completely overlap with the rotating cylindrical surface of the tool body. Using such a helical cutting edge, a vertical wall surface with good machining accuracy can be obtained. However, there are some problems with this cutting edge design. Because in the actual cutting process, the manufacturing error of the cutting insert itself and the influence of machining vibration and other factors make it difficult for the cutting edge of the insert to be completely on the same rotation circle, and it is difficult for the cutting edge to completely coincide with the theoretical cylindrical surface obtained by the rotation of the tool body , and often have a large difference; Another important fact is that the increase of the contact length of the cutting edge of the blade will increase the cutting resistance, which will intensify the vibration of cutting process and lead to the deterioration of the processed surface quality.

Chinese patent ZL93118824.5 proposes a cutting insert for milling tools. In order to reduce machining chatter, the main cutting edge of the insert is composed of three cutting edges "lapped", which can significantly reduce machining chatter to a certain extent. trembling. However, in the field of actual processing, there are many cases of severe cutting chatter, and usually this chatter cannot be eliminated, for example, the tool body needs a long overhang or the chatter caused by the hardness of the material to be cut is high. The chatter causes the diameters of the rotating cylindrical surfaces formed by the multiple cutting edges of the main cutting edge to be different, and the radius of rotation formed by the cutting edge far away from the cutting corner may be larger than that formed by the cutting edge close to the cutting corner, thus scratching the Processing surface affects processing quality. In fact, in most cases, in order to reduce cutting chatter, the cutting depth of the insert is much smaller than the total length of the main cutting edge of the insert. At this time, cutting chatter will undoubtedly cause the main cutting edge far away from the cutting corner to still partly participate in cutting. Cutting edge length increases to further aggravate the cutting chatter, and the cutting edge away from the cutting corner will repeatedly cut the machined surface, destroying the machined surface quality. When machining a deep side wall, in order to avoid the interference of the clamping object of the tool body on the machined surface, it is necessary to increase the overhang length of the tool body, and the increase of the overhang length of the tool body will lead to aggravated cutting chatter, in order to reduce This kind of cutting chatter, usually adopts the method of reducing the effective contact length of the cutting edge of the blade, that is, reducing the cutting depth Ap to reduce the cutting resistance, so as to achieve the purpose of alleviating this chatter. As shown in Figure 7, for such cutting inserts in the past, since the cutting radius of rotation of each part of the entire main cutting edge is roughly on the same cutting radius of rotation, this makes the cutting radius of each point on the main cutting edge when cutting chatter occurs Changes occur, and this change may cause the radius of rotation of the cutting edge away from the cutting corner to be greater than that of the cutting edge near the cutting corner. The contact length of the cutting edge is increased, which intensifies the cutting chatter, and the main cutting edge far away from the cutting corner will repeatedly cut the processed surface of the main cutting edge close to the cutting corner, which will damage the quality of the machined surface.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an anti-chatter for side wall milling that can reduce machining chatter and improve side wall milling precision during side wall milling. Indexable inserts.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

An anti-chatter indexable insert for sidewall milling, comprising an insert body surrounded by an upper surface, a lower surface, two end faces connecting the upper and lower surfaces and two side surfaces, the center of the insert body is set There is a center hole of the insert for mounting the clamping screw, the intersection line of the upper surface and the two sides forms a pair of main cutting edges, the main cutting edges are composed of a cutting section and a space avoiding section, and the cutting rotation of the cutting section The radius R1 of the cylindrical surface is greater than the radius R2 of the cutting rotating cylindrical surface of the avoidance section, and the length of the cutting section is shorter than the length of the avoidance section.

The cutting section of the main cutting edge is in the shape of a convex arc, and the minimum distance D from the outermost point on the cutting section to the avoidance section is 0.02-0.5 mm.

The minimum distance D from the outermost point on the cutting section to the avoidance section is 0.1-0.3 mm.

The intersection lines between the upper surface of the insert body and each end face form a wiper edge and a minor cutting edge, the cutting section of the main cutting edge is connected with the wiper edge through an arc-shaped cutting angle, and the main cutting edge is formed by Gradually inclined to the lower surface of the blade body, extending from the cutting corner at one end of the blade body to the secondary cutting edge at the other end of the blade body.

The side surface is formed by connecting a first relief surface and a second relief surface, the first relief surface is in contact with the main cutting edge, and the second relief surface intersects the lower surface.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantage that the main cutting edge is composed of a cutting section and a space-avoiding section. When the blade is installed on a rotating tool body, the radius R1 of the cutting rotating cylindrical surface of the cutting section is greater than that of the space-avoiding section Therefore, when machining metal materials with high hardness, only the cutting section of the main cutting edge can be used for cutting by controlling the cutting depth, and the effective contact between the blade and the workpiece is only a short cutting section , so as to avoid the severe vibration caused by the whole main cutting edge participating in the cutting, significantly reduce the cutting vibration, prevent the repeated cutting of the machined surface due to cutting vibration, and protect the machined surface. The effect of machining accuracy and surface quality of the vertical wall surface; in addition, the length of the cutting section is shorter than the length of the avoidance section, so that when the shorter cutting section is installed on a tool body with different diameters, the rotation track of the cutting section is closer to the cylindrical surface, which has a better Excellent adaptability and cutting effect. The cutting section is in the shape of a convex arc, which makes it easier to obtain a side wall processing surface with good verticality when the insert is installed on the rotating tool body with a positive axial inclination angle or a negative radial inclination angle. The intersection line between the upper surface of the blade body and each end surface forms a wiper edge and a minor cutting edge. The way the lower surface of the insert body slopes, extending from the cutting corner at one end of the insert body to the secondary cutting edge at the other end of the insert body, is designed so that when the insert is installed on the tool body, even if the insert itself uses a small shaft The main cutting edge can also obtain a relatively large axial inclination angle, which is more conducive to the removal of chips.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view structure diagram that the blade of the present utility model is installed on the tool body;

Fig. 2 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the blade of the present invention installed on the tool body;

Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the blade of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is the front structural schematic diagram of the blade of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is a top view structure schematic diagram of the blade of the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cutting process of the blade of the present utility model;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the cutting process of the conventional blade.

Each label in the figure means:

1. Insert body 2. Main cutting edge

3. Upper surface 4. Lower surface

5. Wiper blade 6. Side

7. Insert center hole 8. Cutting angle

9. End face 10. Secondary cutting edge

11. The first rear angle surface 12. The second rear angle surface

13. Clamping screw 14. Chip pocket

15. Tool body 16. Tool body support seat

21. Cutting section 22. Avoidance section

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the anti-chatter indexable insert for side wall milling of the present invention includes an upper surface 3, a lower surface 4, two end surfaces 9 connecting the upper and lower surfaces and two The blade body 1 surrounded by the side 6 is formed by pressing cemented carbide powder, and then sintered and shrunk at a high temperature in a special sintering equipment. The center of the blade body 1 is provided with a blade center hole 7 perpendicular to the lower surface 4 of the blade for installing a clamping screw 13 for fixing the blade so as to fix the blade on the tool body 15 . The intersection line of the upper surface 3 and the two side surfaces 6 forms a pair of main cutting edges 2, the main cutting edge 2 is the main cutting edge used in cutting, which plays a key role in cutting and determines the final condition of the machined surface effect. The main cutting edge 2 is composed of a cutting section 21 and a space-avoiding section 22. The cutting section 21 of the main cutting edge 2 is in the shape of a convex arc. Whether it is installed on the tool body 15 at a negative radial inclination angle, it is easier to obtain a side wall processing surface with good verticality. The minimum distance D from the outermost point on the cutting section 21 to the space-avoiding section 22 is 0.02-0.5 mm, preferably 0.1-0.3 mm. In this embodiment, D=0.2 mm. From the top view of the blade (as shown in Figure 5) Look, the space-avoiding section 22 is lower than the cutting section 21 by a certain distance in the direction of both sides of the insert center hole 7, that is, when the insert is installed on the rotating tool body 15, the radius R1 of the cutting rotating cylinder of the cutting section 21 is greater than the space-avoiding section The radius of the cutting rotating cylinder is R2 of 22. Therefore, when processing metal materials with high hardness, only the cutting section 21 of the main cutting edge 2 can be used for cutting by controlling the cutting depth. The effective contact edge between the blade and the workpiece is only the length The short cutting section 21 can avoid the severe vibration caused by the whole main cutting edge 2 participating in the cutting, significantly reduce the cutting vibration, prevent the repeated cutting of the machined surface caused by the cutting vibration, and reduce the damage of the machined surface. The protection is formed to achieve the effect of improving the machining accuracy and surface quality of the vertical wall surface; at the same time, the length of the cutting section 21 is less than the length of the space-avoiding section 22, so that when the shorter cutting section 21 is installed on the tool body 15 with different diameters, the cutting The rotation track of segment 21 is closer to the cylindrical surface, which has better adaptability and cutting effect. In this embodiment, the intersection lines between the upper surface 3 of the insert body 1 and each end surface 9 form a wiper edge 5 and a minor cutting edge 10, and the cutting section 21 of the main cutting edge 2 and the wiper edge 5 are cut by an arc shape. Angle 8 connection, when the wiper edge 5 is on the processing plane, it plays a role in scraping the processing surface, and is used to improve the smoothness of the processing plane; Play the main cutting role. The main cutting edge 2 extends from the cutting angle 8 at one end of the insert body 1 to the minor cutting edge 10 at the other end of the insert body 1 in a manner of gradually inclining toward the lower surface 4 of the insert body 1. When on the tool body 15, even if the insert itself adopts a small axial inclination angle, the main cutting edge 2 can also obtain a relatively large axial inclination angle, which is more conducive to the discharge of chips from the chip pocket 14 of the tool body 15, and is conducive to Under the condition of ensuring the axial inclination angle of the main cutting edge 2, the thickness of the tool body support seat 16 should be increased as far as possible, so that the tool body 15 has greater strength; at the same time, the cutting segment 21 near the cutting angle 8 has a smaller The axial inclination angle, thereby strengthening the blade strength of the blade body 1 near the cutting angle 8, improving the cutting ability and service life of the blade. The side surface 6 is formed by connecting the first relief surface 11 and the second relief surface 12, the first relief surface 11 meets the main cutting edge 2, the second relief surface 12 intersects the lower surface 4, and the first relief surface The relief angle formed by the face 11 is smaller than the relief angle formed by the second relief face 12 .

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, when the anti-chatter indexable insert for side wall milling of the present invention is installed on the tool body support seat 16 of the tool body 15, the side of the insert body 1 6. The end surface 9 and the lower surface 4 are respectively closely attached to the specific blade seat set on the tool body 15, and then the clamping screw 13 is used to pass through the center hole 7 of the blade to connect with the tool body 15, thereby fixing the blade body 1 In the insert seat of the tool body 15 . The shape of the blade seat of the tool body 15 can be designed according to the positioning needs of the blade, to ensure that after the blade body 1 is installed on the tool body 15, with the rotation of the tool body 15 around its axis of rotation OA, it can be used for the main cutting of processing. The rotation track of the blade 2 is roughly on a cylindrical surface. When the insert is installed on the rotating tool body 15, and when the vertical wall surface is machined with the depth of cut Ap less than the length of the cutting section 21, the effective cutting edge of the insert is completely a part of the cutting section 21, and the main cutting edge 2 in the plane passing through the axis of rotation The projection is shown in Figure 6. It can be seen from Figure 6 that the cutting of the vertical side wall surface is finally completed by the shorter cutting section 21, which significantly reduces the cutting resistance, thereby reducing the cutting chatter. The distance between 21 and the space-avoiding section 22 can avoid repeated cutting of the machined surface by the space-avoiding section 22 when vibration occurs, and machining vibration will not cause the space-avoiding section 22 to cut the machined surface, preventing the space-avoiding section 22 from being damaged The quality of the machined surface significantly improves the surface quality of the machined surface; at the same time, it also avoids the aggravation of cutting chatter due to the increase in the contact length between the cutting edge of the blade and the work.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred implementations of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can also make some changes without departing from the principle of the present utility model, such as adjusting the main cutting edge 2 The number of cutting segments in the middle, or the utility model is applied to cutting blades of other shapes such as triangles, quadrilaterals, etc., these transformations should be regarded as equivalent transformations of the utility model, and should fall within the protection scope of the utility model .

Claims (6)

1. An anti-chatter indexable insert for side wall milling, comprising an upper surface (3), a lower surface (4) and two end faces (9) and two side faces (6) connecting the upper and lower surfaces ) surrounded by the blade body (1), the center of the blade body (1) is provided with a blade center hole (7) for installing clamping screws, the intersection of the upper surface (3) and the two sides (6) The line forms a pair of main cutting edges (2), and it is characterized in that: the main cutting edge (2) is made up of a cutting section (21) and a space-avoiding section (22), and the cutting rotating cylindrical surface of the cutting section (21) The radius R1 is larger than the radius R2 of the cutting rotating cylinder of the avoidance section (22), and the length of the cutting section (21) is shorter than the length of the avoidance section (22). 2. The anti-chatter indexable insert for side wall milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting segment (21) of the main cutting edge (2) is in the shape of a convex arc, so The minimum distance D from the outermost point on the cutting section (21) to the avoidance section (22) is 0.02-0.5 mm. 3. The anti-chatter indexable insert for sidewall milling according to claim 2, characterized in that: the minimum distance D from the outermost point on the cutting section (21) to the space-avoiding section (22) is 0.1～0.3mm. 4. The anti-chatter indexable insert for sidewall milling according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the upper surface (3) of the insert body (1) and each end surface (9) The intersecting lines of each form the wiper edge (5) and the minor cutting edge (10), and the cutting section (21) of the main cutting edge (2) and the wiper edge (5) pass through the arc-shaped cutting corner (8) connected, the main cutting edge (2) extends from the cutting corner (8) at one end of the blade body (1) to the Minor cutting edge (10) at the other end. 5. The anti-chatter indexable insert for side wall milling according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the side surface (6) is composed of a first rear angle surface (11) and a second rear The corner surfaces (12) are connected, the first relief surface (11) meets the main cutting edge (2), and the second relief surface (12) intersects the lower surface (4). 6. The anti-chatter indexable insert for sidewall milling according to claim 4, characterized in that the side (6) is composed of a first relief surface (11) and a second relief surface (12 ), the first relief surface (11) meets the main cutting edge (2), and the second relief surface (12) intersects the lower surface (4).

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