CN201571227U - Automatic dimming controller of head lamp of motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic dimming controller of a head lamp of a motor vehicle comprises a light sensor capable of sensing light intensity in the front of the vehicle; an optical-electrical conversion circuit capable of outputting voltage control signals is connected at the rear part of the light sensor; a high beam/dipped headlight switching control relay is directly or indirectly connected at the rear part of the optical-electrical conversion circuit; the automatic dimming controller further comprises a power supply processing circuit suitable for various vehicle-mounted power supplies; a manually-preferred semiautomatic conversion switcher is connected between the optical-electrical conversion circuit and the control relay; and the power supply processing circuit can adopt an embedded three-terminal regulator which allows the power supply processing circuit to be universally applied to 12V, 36V and 48V vehicle-mounted power supplies through simple switching of an external interface of the controller. The automatic dimming controller has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, and modularized design of the external interface, and is conveniently suitable for mounting or refitting various vehicles such as electric motorcars, motorcycles, automobiles and so on.

Description

Motor vehicle headlamp automatic dimming controller

technical field

The utility model relates to an automatic dimming control device for headlights of motor vehicles on the road, which can automatically control the headlights of one's own vehicle to switch the far and low beams by judging the change of the illuminance in front of the vehicle, so as to avoid giving the other party A control device that dazzles the driver and improves driving safety.

Background technique

As one of the important components to ensure the safe operation of motor vehicles, the role of headlights is very important. At present, the control of the headlights of motor vehicles is mainly manual. When meeting cars at night, it may be due to the negligence of the driver or the non-compliance with traffic regulations that the far and near lights are not switched correctly and in time, resulting in strong glare for the driver on the opposite side. Loss of vision can lead to accidents. Therefore, some schemes for automatic dimming of headlights have been proposed one after another, but looking at these schemes before, there are some disadvantages that hinder their real practicality, such as using photoresistors as detectors to cause slow response, and when the light is critical. The controller will switch frequently and quickly, there is no eye-catching safety warning sign, and the system is complicated and costly.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and improve a motor vehicle headlight automatic dimming controller that can improve the driving safety of the motor vehicle and overcome the deficiencies in the above-mentioned various control schemes.

The purpose of this utility model is accomplished through the following technical solutions, which includes a light sensor that can sense the light intensity in front of the vehicle, followed by a photoelectric conversion circuit that can output a voltage control signal, and directly behind the photoelectric conversion circuit. Or indirectly connected to a control relay for switching between far and low beams; it is characterized in that it also includes a power processing circuit suitable for various vehicle power supplies; between the photoelectric conversion circuit and the control relay Connected to a semi-automatic transfer switch with manual priority.

The power processing circuit is a built-in three-terminal voltage regulator that can be used for 12V, 36V, and 48V vehicle power supplies through simple switching of the external interface of the controller; the semi-automatic transfer switch is a switching sequence from From left to right, there are manual low beam, manual high beam and automatic transmission, and the three-speed switch that maintains manual control priority at any time.

The utility model also includes an LED flash warning drive circuit which starts simultaneously when the low beam is built in; the light sensor is a silicon photocell with high sensitivity and response speed.

Described control relay selects the filter capacitor of a suitable capacity to be connected in parallel with the relay inductance coil, and this control relay is one that can switch high beam to low beam rapidly, delay one second when low beam is switched to high beam, The switching frequency of the controller does not exceed 1Hz, the LED flash warning circuit, the suppression of frequent switching and the high beam slow start circuit.

The control relay is externally equipped with an LED interface that allows users to conveniently create LED flashing shapes.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost and modular design of external interface, which can be conveniently applied to the installation or modification of various vehicles such as electric vehicles, motorcycles and automobiles.

The above superior features of the utility model can make the existing vehicle conveniently install the controller in the middle of the line without any destructive changes, and at the same time do not affect the original manual control function, becoming a truly practical vehicle. An intelligent controller that guarantees vehicle driving safety.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural unit diagram of the utility model.

Figure 2 is a silicon photocell detection and photoelectric signal amplification circuit.

Figure 3 shows the transfer switch and relay control circuit.

Figure 4 is a colored LED flash warning drive circuit.

Figure 5 is a top view of the controller housing.

Detailed ways

The utility model comprises a light sensor capable of sensing the light intensity in front of the vehicle, connected with a photoelectric conversion circuit capable of outputting a voltage control signal, and directly or indirectly connected with a photoelectric conversion circuit for far and low beams behind the photoelectric conversion circuit. Switching control relay; characterized in that it also includes a power processing circuit suitable for various vehicle power supplies; a semi-automatic transfer switch with manual priority is connected between the photoelectric conversion circuit and the control relay.

The power processing circuit is a built-in three-terminal voltage regulator that can be used for 12V, 36V, and 48V vehicle power supplies through simple switching of the external interface of the controller; the semi-automatic transfer switch is a switching sequence from From left to right, there are manual low beam, manual high beam and automatic transmission, and the three-speed switch that maintains manual control priority at any time.

The utility model also includes an LED flash warning drive circuit which starts simultaneously when the low beam is built in; the light sensor is a silicon photocell with high sensitivity and response speed.

Described control relay selects the filter capacitor of a suitable capacity to be connected in parallel with the relay inductance coil, and this control relay is one that can switch high beam to low beam rapidly, delay one second when low beam is switched to high beam, The switching frequency of the controller does not exceed 1Hz, the LED flash warning circuit, the suppression of frequent switching and the high beam slow start circuit.

The control relay is externally equipped with an LED interface that allows users to conveniently create LED flashing shapes.

In Figure 1 and Figure 5, 1 is the third gear switch interface, 2 is the input voltage switching interface, 3 is the input power interface, 4 is the far and low beam interface, and 5 is the LED interface for flash warning.

The utility model uses a silicon photocell with high sensitivity and response speed, which can be adapted to timely and accurately judge the change of light intensity when the vehicle speed is fast; the silicon photocell outputs a weak voltage signal that is linear with the light intensity, and outputs it after being processed by an amplifying circuit Control voltage signal; this voltage signal is input into the three-speed transfer switch as the control signal for the automatic transmission of the transfer switch; the relay receives the control signal from the transfer switch, and makes the relay pull in or release according to the state of the transfer switch at that time, thereby respectively connecting Low beam or high beam; when the low beam is turned on, the colored LED warning drive circuit will be activated to remind passing drivers. Users can design the shape of the LED according to their personal preferences, and connect the LED to the corresponding external interface of the controller. That is enough; the power processing unit can convert the power supply of various specifications such as 12V, 36V, 48V, etc. into the voltage value required by the controller.

As shown in Figure 2, the silicon photocell is installed in a black plastic casing, so that it can only detect the light in the range of about 90° in front of the vehicle. From the observation angle of the eye, a shielded wire must be used to connect the silicon photocell and the amplifier circuit, and the sheath of the shielded wire must be well grounded to avoid the interference of interference signals; the silicon photocell outputs a voltage signal proportional to the light intensity, but its voltage value is relatively small. Small, the output voltage of the photocell must be amplified to VOUT by the amplifying circuit to drive the subsequent circuit. The adjustable resistor R11 can be used to adjust the light detection threshold, that is, the controller can be switched in time when the light intensity is felt. The thresholds are adjusted before the product leaves the factory. In addition, the sensitivity of the photodetector is also related to the cleanliness of the detector surface, so the glass cover in front of the photodetector needs to be wiped frequently.

Figure 3 shows the core part of the controller, in which the pre-stage output control signal VOUT is connected to the base of the triode through the resistor R8, and the collector of the triode is connected to the 2nd pin of the third gear switch. Common pin 1 is connected to relay 1 pin, and relay 2 pin is connected to +5V. According to this method, when the third gear switch is turned to the 1st and 2nd pins, it is an automatic gear. When the light intensity value in front of the vehicle is greater than the set light critical value, the VOUT value is large enough to make the triode conduct, so that the relay Pull in, turn on the low beam light and LED warning circuit, that is, when there is an oncoming vehicle, your side will quickly switch the headlight to low beam light to avoid dazzling the other party, and start the LED flash circuit to remind the passing drivers to pay attention; And when the opposite vehicle passes by, the detector senses that the light intensity becomes weaker, then the VOUT value becomes smaller, the triode is cut off, the relay is released, and the low beam is switched to the high beam. When the third-gear switch is turned to 1 and 3 pins to connect, because 3 pins are suspended in the air, the relay coil has no voltage, then it is manual high beam. When the third gear switch is turned to the 1st and 4th pins to connect, because the 4th pins are grounded, the relay coil has a current to pass through, so that the relay is closed, which is the manual low beam. The design of the three-position switch can directly replace the two-position switch on the existing vehicle without affecting the original manual control function. Capacitor C5 is an electrolytic capacitor with a suitable capacity connected in parallel on the relay coil. This design can realize: the high beam will be quickly switched to the low beam, and the switch from the low beam to the high beam needs to be delayed for 1 second to reduce the controller The switching frequency of the controller does not exceed 1Hz. When the external light intensity changes frequently above and below the critical value or the headlights are not flashed by the relay due to the reflection of the own lights on the detector, this will be effective. Extend the service life of the controller and enhance the safety of the vehicle.

Figure 4 is the color LED flash warning drive circuit. When the relay is switched to low beam, the drive circuit power supply VCC will be connected at the same time. The 4 parallel LEDs on the left can be blue, and the 4 parallel LEDs on the right can be red, and the circuit is connected. The blue and red LEDs will emit light sequentially, and the light-emitting interval can be adjusted by R3, R4, C6, and C7. Users can design the color, quantity, arrangement and decoration position of the LEDs according to their personal preferences. Just connect the two strings of LEDs. Just connect to the corresponding external interface of the controller. When the two vehicles meet, the LED will flash, allowing the driver on the opposite side to see the location of the approaching vehicle more clearly, and at the same time remind the other party to increase their safety awareness.

Figure 5 is a top view of the housing of the auto-dimming controller for headlights of motor vehicles. Interface 1 is connected to a three-speed transfer switch. The transfer switches are manual high beam, manual low beam and automatic transmission from left to right; interface 2 can be used to switch between different power sources , the controller can be used for 12V when it is turned on, and the controller can be used for 36V or 48V when it is turned off; interface 3 is the power input terminal, just connect the vehicle power supply according to the positive and negative poles; interface 4 is the headlight The interfaces are the high beam+, low beam+ and ground terminals in turn. This controller can be connected to various headlights such as LEDs and tungsten halogen lamps; interface 5 is the flash warning LED interface, and the user can connect two strings of LEDs in sequence Just enter, followed by LED1+, LED1-, LED2+, LED2-. After the controller is assembled, the volume is small and exquisite, and each interface is external, which becomes a convenient and practical automatic control function module.

The utility model uses a high-sensitivity silicon photocell as a sensor to detect the brightness of the lights of the oncoming car at night, and uses the linearly adjustable light intensity threshold as a judgment reference point. After the photoelectric conversion circuit controls the relay, it can quickly and accurately meet the car. Switch between high and low beams at any time, and start an additional colored LED flashing warning sign to remind passing drivers when the low beam is in the state; the controller is equipped with a three-speed switch, and the driver can switch it to the manual control state at any time; its concise The relay delay design can delay the switch from low beam to high beam by 1 second, and make the switching frequency of the controller not exceed 1Hz, so as to avoid frequent flickering of high and low beams near the critical point of light and due to its own light reflection.

Claims (4)

1. A kind of auto-dimming controller for motor vehicle headlights, it includes a light sensor that can sense the light intensity in front of the vehicle, and a photoelectric conversion circuit that can output voltage control signal is connected thereafter, and the back of this photoelectric conversion circuit is It is directly or indirectly connected to a control relay for switching between far and low beams; it is characterized in that it also includes a power processing circuit suitable for various vehicle power supplies; between the photoelectric conversion circuit and the control relay Connected with a manual semi-automatic transfer switch. 2. The automatic dimming controller for headlamps of motor vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the power processing circuit can be used for 12V, 36V, 48V through the simple switching of the external interface of the controller. The built-in three-terminal voltage regulator of the vehicle power supply; the semi-automatic transfer switch is a three-speed switch whose switching sequence is manual low beam, manual high beam and automatic transmission from left to right, and maintains manual control at any time. 3. The automatic dimming controller for headlamps of motor vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes an LED flash warning drive circuit that starts simultaneously when a built-in low beam; And silicon photocells with higher reaction speed. 4. The automatic dimming controller for motor vehicle headlights according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter capacitor of a suitable capacity is connected in parallel with the relay inductance coil for use in the described control relay, and the control relay is one that can quickly Switching from high beam to low beam, one second delay when switching from low beam to high beam, switching frequency of the controller not exceeding 1Hz, LED flashing warning circuit, suppression of frequent switching and high beam slow start circuit.

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