CN201535963U

CN201535963U - Simple pendulum experimental apparatus with advantages of convenient operation and high precision

Info

Publication number: CN201535963U
Application number: CN200920111544XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姬忠涛; 陆家燮
Original assignee: Qujing Normal University
Current assignee: Qujing Normal University
Priority date: 2009-06-09
Filing date: 2009-06-09
Publication date: 2010-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2019-06-09

Abstract

A simple pendulum experimental apparatus with advantages of convenient operation and high precision includes an iron support, a pendulum length determining device, a pendulum angle determining device, a cycloid, a cycloid hanging device, a pendulum ball and a pendulum ball release device. The simple pendulum experimental apparatus is characterized in that a meter ruler is manufactured on a vertical rod of the iron support, open channels are manufactured at the inner end of the pendulum length determining device and a sleeve sleeved with the vertical rod of the iron support, and verniers are mounted beside the open channels to form a pendulum length data reading mechanism; and an electromagnet pendulum ball release device is mounted at the lower part of the vertical rod of the iron support. The simple pendulum experimental apparatus has a simple and visualized structure, a student can operate simply and easily when doing simple pendulum experiment, and the measurement data is more accurate than the existing apparatus.

Description

The experiment with simple pendulum instrument that the handled easily precision is high

Technical field

The utility model relates to the physical experiment apparatus technology, and is especially a kind of easy and simple to handle, and more high-precision experiment with simple pendulum instrument is arranged.

Background technology

Utilizing single pendulum check weighing power acceleration is a basic physical experiment, and some factors will have influence on the accuracy of experimental result in measurement.The first, the measurement of pendulum length, it measures the accuracy that whether accurately directly has influence on experimental data; The second, whether to form the circular cone pendulum; Three, the size of pivot angle.At present, the cycloid hitch point is not sure in many experimental apparatuss, and will repeatedly change pendulum length in making the process of some experiments, and all to lift down the survey pendulum length very inconvenient at every turn, and can cause a lot of accidental errors in the process that repeatedly picks and places cycloid and steel ball.The last starting point of cycloid is in the upper edge of perpendicular in addition, and cycloid and this perpendicular are rubbed, thereby increases measuring error.Secondly, many experiment with simple pendulum instruments discharge swing ball by staff when operation, form the circular cone pendulum easily, thereby have influence on the accuracy of data.Experimental principle requires pivot angle to be less than 5 degree in addition, and the very big randomness of definite existence of pivot angle in the reality measurement.

Summary of the invention

The purpose that the utility model will reach just provides a kind of high experiment with simple pendulum instrument of handled easily precision that can reduce measuring error.

Technical scheme is as follows:

The experiment with simple pendulum instrument that a kind of handled easily precision is high, comprise that iron stand, pendulum length determine that device, pivot angle determine device, cycloid, cycloid suspender, swing ball and swing ball releasing means, be manufactured with meter ruler on the vertical bar of iron stand top, pendulum length determines that the inner sleeve with the vertical bar socket of iron stand of device is shaped on open channel, and trough rim is equipped with vernier, constitutes the pendulum length data reading mechanisms; In the vertical bar of iron stand bottom an electromagnet swing ball releasing means is installed.

Described pivot angle determines that device is one and determines that at pendulum length stationkeeping close with cycloid on the bottom surface of device has the semicircle angle scale vertical with this bottom surface, and the starting point that the starting point that the semicircle angle scale takes measurement of an angle and pendulum length are determined the corresponding cycloid of device is on same surface level, and the line between two starting points and pendulum length to determine that removable slide block on the device is used for clamping the edge of cycloid parallel.

Meter ruler scale on the vertical bar of iron stand can be seen in pendulum length is determined the sleeve open channel position of device.

The swing ball releasing means is by the sleeve of the belt length arm that is connected with vertical bar, the microscler platform that long-armed outer end is affixed, and the electromagnet of installing on the platform constitutes.

Pendulum length determines that there is a rectangular cavity at the middle part of device, a sidewall of rectangular cavity is manufactured with xsect and is trapezoidal bucking ladder, another sidewall has rectangular channel, the slide block corresponding with aforementioned bucking ladder of slip is installed in the rectangular channel, forms the long and narrow clearance groove that allows cycloid pass between the upper bottom surface of two prismatoids; The lower surface of slide block and aforementioned bucking ladder at grade; Screw rod vertically passes the sidewall middle part that has rectangular channel and is spirally connected with removable slide block.

Wherein the meter ruler of making on the vertical bar of iron stand requires not influence miscellaneous part and is vertically moving up and down on the bar;

The cycloid suspender is fixed on the top of iron stand by the cylindrical sleeve and the fastening screw of horizon bar the inner, and the horizon bar outer end hangs cycloid;

Pendulum length is determined the cylindrical sleeve that have open channel and the fastening screw of device by its connecting rod top, is fixed on the middle and upper part of iron stand.

The swing ball releasing means is by the cylindrical sleeve and the fastening screw on its connecting rod top, be fixed on the bottom of iron stand, fixed electromagnet on the platform of connecting rod outer end, can make the center of electromagnet and swing ball begin the swing ball centre of sphere when peak discharges on a surface level by regulating the swing ball releasing means, and, release back cycloid is swung in the plane parallel with the semicircle index dial by regulating.

The experiment with simple pendulum instrument of making like this, simple in structure directly perceived, easy to operation when the student does experiment with simple pendulum, the existing relatively instrument of measurement data is more accurate.

Embodiment of the present utility model

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the utility model is the high experiment with simple pendulum instrument of a kind of handled easily precision.

1.800 the long meter ruler 16 of rice is fixed on the vertical bar of iron stand, and does not influence miscellaneous part and move up and down along vertical bar.

Cycloid suspender 2 is fixed on the top of iron stand by the cylindrical sleeve and the fastening screw 1 on its connecting rod top, and its stock that stretches out 3 is used for hanging cycloid.

Pendulum length determine device 6 by the belt length arm that connects as one with its main body sleeve 4 and on screw 17 be fastened on vertical bar 15 middle and upper parts of iron stand 12.Swing ball 11 is solid to determine the cycloid end of an end below the inner chamber of device 6 being in pendulum length.Pendulum length determines that the device below is fixed with a semicircle angle scale 7, the pivot angle when being used for measuring the swing ball swing.Pendulum length determine device 6 by removable slide block 20, drive the screw rod 8 that slide block moves, the bucking ladder 18 relative with removable slide block constitutes.The inner end that wherein is installed in the inner bottom surface of the slide block 20 in the chute and screw rod 8 is affixed.Screw rod determines that with pendulum length employing is threaded between the device 6, and rotary screw 8 can drive removable slide block 20 and move relative to chute in chute.

Swing ball releasing means 10 by the belt length arm that connects as one with its main body sleeve 13 and on screw 14 be fastened on vertical bar 15 bottoms of iron stand 12.This installs long-armed outer end and is fixed with a horizontal stand, an electromagnet 9 is installed on the horizontal stand, thereby can make electromagnet have magnetic swing ball 11 is attracted on the electromagnet, after the outage to electromagnet 9 energisings, swing ball promptly begins swing, and this device can avoid forming circular cone pendulum or elliptic pendulum.

The concrete use of this experiment with simple pendulum instrument is as follows: by Fig. 1 experimental provision is installed, adjust the cycloid suspender, can contact with vertical plane 19 after making cycloid sagging.Unscrew screw rod 14 then, so that swing ball releasing means 10 is removed, move down pendulum length again and determine device, make the lower surface of swing ball and bucking ladder 18 tangent, and to adjust the cycloid suspender this moment and make cycloid and vertical plane 19 parallel and contacts, write down the scale (number reading method and vernier caliper are similar) of reading meter ruler correspondence on vertical bar this moment by vernier 5 then, establishing this reading is x ₁Next again pendulum length measurement mechanism 6 is moved upward to a certain position, the reading of establishing this position correspondence is x ₂, then pendulum length is | x ₂-x ₁|+swing ball radius.Rotary screw 8 then, vertical plane 21 and vertical plane 19 can be clamped, thereby pendulum length is fixed up.Next mobile swing ball releasing means, the swing ball centre of sphere was on the same surface level when center of electromagnet and swing ball were discharged, and the swing ball centre of sphere is on the same surface level when observing swing ball and discharging, and whether pivot angle surpasses 5 degree when observing swing ball and discharging, if do not surpass, switches on to electromagnet again, enable swing ball is attracted to that position is static gets off, can cut off the power supply this moment, and swing ball begins swing, just can carry out follow-up measurement.

Claims

1. A simple pendulum tester with high precision for convenient operation, comprising iron stand (12), pendulum length determining device (6), pendulum angle determining device, cycloid, cycloid suspension device (2), pendulum ball (11) And pendulum ball release device (10), it is characterized in that on the iron frame platform vertical bar (15) is made with meter ruler (16), the sleeve ( 4) An open groove is formed, and a vernier (5) is installed on the side of the groove to form a pendulum length data reading mechanism; an electromagnet pendulum ball release device (10) is installed on the lower part of the vertical rod of the iron frame platform.

2. A kind of simple pendulum tester with high precision for convenient operation according to claim 1, characterized in that said pendulum angle determination device is a pendulum close to the cycloid on the bottom surface of the pendulum length determination device (6). The position is fixed with a semicircle angle disc (7) perpendicular to the bottom surface, and the starting point of the semicircle angle disc to measure the angle is on the same horizontal plane as the starting point of the corresponding cycloid on the pendulum length determining device (6), and between the two starting points The connecting line of the pendulum length determining device is parallel to the edge that the movable slide block (20) is used to clamp the cycloid.

3. a kind of easy-to-operate simple pendulum experimenter with high precision according to claim 1 is characterized in that the meter scale (16) scale on the vertical rod (15) is in the sleeve (6) of the pendulum length determining device (6). 4) Inside the open slot.

4. A simple pendulum tester with high precision and convenient operation according to claim 1, characterized in that the pendulum ball release device (10) consists of a sleeve (13) with a long arm connected to the vertical rod (15) , the elongated platform affixed to the outer end of the long arm is composed of an electromagnet (9) installed on the platform.

5. a kind of easy-to-operate simple pendulum experimental instrument with high precision according to claim 1 is characterized in that there is a square cavity in the middle part of the pendulum length determining device (6), and a side wall of the square cavity is made with a cross section that is trapezoidal The trapezoidal platform (18) has a rectangular groove on the other side wall, and a slidable slide block (20) corresponding to the aforementioned trapezoidal platform is installed in the rectangular groove, forming a cycloid passing through between the upper bottom surfaces of the two trapezoidal bodies. Long and narrow gap groove; slide block (20) is on the same plane with the lower surface of the aforementioned trapezoidal platform; screw rod (8) vertically passes through the middle part of the side wall that has a rectangular groove and is screwed with slide block (20).