Background technology
The passive optical network PON technology is meant the optical fiber access technology of a kind of point to multiple spot, and it is made up of the optical network unit ONU (Optical NetworkUnit) of the optical line terminal OLT (Optical Line Terminal) of local side, user side or Optical Network Terminal ONT (Optical Network Terminal) and Optical Distribution Network ODN (Optical Distribution Network).
OLT connects one or more ODN for the PON system provides the network side interface.ODN is used to connect OLT equipment and ONU/ONT equipment, be used to distribute or multiplexing OLT and ONU/ONT between data-signal.ONU links to each other with ODN, is used to the PON system that user side interface is provided, if ONU directly provides User Port Function, the ethernet user's port as PC online usefulness then is called ONT, no specified otherwise, and the ONU that hereinafter mentions system refers to ONU and ONT.
In the PON system, from OLT to ONU, be called descending, adopt the wavelength of 1490nm, according to the mode of time division multiplexing tdm (Time Division Multiplexing) downstream data flow is broadcast to all ONU by OLT, ONU receives only the data that have self identification, otherwise, be up from ONU to OLT, adopt the wavelength of 1310nm.Because ONU shares ODN and OLT equipment, for the upstream data that guarantees each ONU does not clash, the PON system is in up employing time division multiple access TDMA (Time DivisionMultiple Access) mode, be that OLT distributes time slot for each ONU, each ONU must send data in strict accordance with the OLT distributed time slot.
(Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer is the first-selected instrument of measuring optical fiber characteristic OTDR) to optical time domain reflectometer, can assess the characteristic attribute of simple optical fiber or whole link by OTDR.OTDR is with the pattern work of similar radar, in tested optical fiber, launch a test signal by laser, test signal can be owing to characteristic (medium is inhomogeneous) the formation backscatter signal of optical fiber itself and/or because the incident (connection, fracture, optical fiber tail end) of optical fiber link forms reflected signal when Optical Fiber Transmission, the detector of OTDR calculated along the Line Attenuation situation of fiber lengths distribution and the incident curve on the circuit by the intensity of detection back scattering/reflected signal and the time of arrival.
OTDR tests circuit can adopt external OTDR and embedded OTDR dual mode.
When the mode of employing external OTDR is tested, OTDR sends the test signal be different from the PON system wavelength (1550nm for example, the test signal of 1625nm or 1650nm wavelength), test signal is coupled in the optical fiber of PON system through optical switch (optional) and WDM, because the back scattering and the reflex of optical fiber, when test signal is transmitted in tested optical fiber, can produce back scattering and/or reflected signal, after these backward signals are transferred to WDM, separated by WDM, be transferred to the receiver of OTDR along tested optical fiber and optical switch (optional), by analyze the power that received signal distributes and the relation of test signal on time domain, can obtain the damage curve or the state information of tested link.
In order to reduce cost and to solve in the external OTDR scheme the influence of PON system, industry has proposed the scheme of embedded OTDR, promptly realizes the OTDR function by the optical assembly in the shared PON system optical module.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise PON chip 111, OTDR processing unit 113, WDM101, optical splitter 109, light transmitting element 103, first light receiving unit 105 and second light receiving unit 107.Light transmitting element 103 comprises laser diode (Laser Diode, LD) and laser driver (Laser Diode Driver, LDD) be used for sending the pumping signal of OTDR, a newly-increased optical splitter 109 (asymmetrical optical splitter) and one second light receiving unit 107 detect retroreflection/scattered signal.Operation principle is: the LD that OTDR processing unit 113 control LDD drive in the light transmitting element 103 sends test massage, and test signal is sine wave or the square-wave signal that data-signal is carried out 5%~10% amplitude modulation(PAM); Test signal is through behind the optical splitter 109, there is 90% test signal to output to WDM101, WDM101 is coupled to the ODN fibre circuit with test signal, the retroreflection of test signal/scattered signal is through behind the WDM101, be input to optical splitter 109, through behind the optical splitter 109, there is retroreflection/scattered signal of 10% to be delivered to the detection PD of second light receiving unit 107, retroreflection/scattered light signal is after PD carries out opto-electronic conversion, carry out signal processing and analysis through outputing to OTDR processing unit 113 after the amplifier Amp amplification, thus damage curve or other information of output energy reaction chain line state.
But 109 pairs of data links of optical splitter have the loss of 0.5dB, and data-signal is carried out the loss that test signal that 5%~10% amplitude modulation(PAM) produces also can produce 0.5dB to the data link.
To test link, on the one hand, 109 pairs of back scattering/reflected signals of optical splitter have the loss of 10dB, and on the other hand, 5%~10% modulation amplitude makes test signal power reduce about 10dB, has therefore limited the dynamic range of embedded OTDR.
The utility model content
For reducing in the testing process the loss of data link and the dynamic range that improves embedded OTDR, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of passive optical network PON network element and photoelectricity integrated package.
An embodiment of the present utility model provides a kind of photoelectricity integrated package, comprise: first electrooptic switching element (303), first photoelectric conversion unit (305), second photoelectric conversion unit (307), polarizing beam splitter (301), wavelength division multiplexer WDM (309), wherein, described polarizing beam splitter (301) is connected respectively to the light splicing ear of the light splicing ear of described first electrooptic switching element (303), described WDM (309) and the light splicing ear of described second photoelectric conversion unit (307);
Described WDM (309) is connected to the light splicing ear of described first photoelectric conversion unit (305).
The utility model an embodiment provide a kind of passive optical network PON network element, comprising:
First electrooptic switching element (303), first photoelectric conversion unit (305), second photoelectric conversion unit (307), polarizing beam splitter (301), wavelength division multiplexer WDM (309), data receiver circuit (205), test signal receiving circuit (207), transtation mission circuit (203) and EPON chip (111), wherein
Described polarizing beam splitter (301) is connected respectively to the light splicing ear of the light splicing ear of described first electrooptic switching element (303), described WDM (309) and the light splicing ear of described second photoelectric conversion unit (307);
Described WDM (309) is connected to the light splicing ear of described first photoelectric conversion unit (305);
Described data receiver circuit (205) is connected to the electric connection terminal (6) of described second photoelectric conversion unit (307);
Described transtation mission circuit (203) is connected to the electric connection terminal (5) of first photoelectric conversion unit (305), is used to send data-signal and test signal;
Described test signal receiving circuit (207) is connected to the electric connection terminal of first electrooptic switching element (303), is used for the retroreflection/scattered signal of acceptance test signal;
Described PON chip (211) is connected to described data receiver circuit (205) and described transtation mission circuit (203).
Photoelectricity integrated package that the utility model embodiment provides and PON network element can effectively reduce the loss to the data link, improve the dynamic range of embedded OTDR.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is known and complete description.
The utility model an embodiment provide a kind of PON network element, the PON network element that is provided can be an optical line terminal OLT, also can be optical network unit ONU or Optical Network Terminal ONT, as shown in Figure 2, PON network element 200 comprises photoelectricity integrated package 210, PON chip 111 and test processes unit 213, wherein, photoelectricity integrated package 210 comprises: transtation mission circuit 203, data receiver circuit 205, test signal receiving circuit 207 and light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201.
In the present embodiment, photoelectricity integrated package 210 only comprises light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201.
Light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201 is used to finish photoelectricity/electric light conversion of the retroreflection/scattered signal of data-signal and test signal, can also finish functions such as prime amplification to received signal.Light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201 details are described in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 follow-up.
In another embodiment of the present utility model, photoelectricity integrated package 210 can also comprise parts such as transtation mission circuit 203, data receiver circuit 205 and test signal receiving circuit 207.
Transtation mission circuit 203 connects PON chip 111, is used for and will delivers to light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201 from the signal of telecommunication of PON chip 111, carries out the electric light conversion by light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201, afterwards, is sent by optical fiber by the light signal of light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201 with conversion.
Data receiver circuit 205 connects PON chip 111 and photoelectricity integrated package 210, be used to receive the signal of telecommunication after light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201 is changed, the signal of telecommunication that receives delivered in the PON chip 111 handle, data receiver circuit 205 can comprise limiting amplifier LA and data clock recovery circuit etc., is used to realize to functions such as the amplification of data-signal and filtering.PON chip 111 integrated medium access control MAC modules, senior classification engine and embedded management CPU etc. can be PON terminal chip or PON local side chip.
Test signal receiving circuit 207 connects light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201 and test processes unit 213, be used to receive the signal of telecommunication of the retroreflection/scattered signal that comprises test signal, test signal receiving circuit 207 can comprise amplifying circuit and filter circuit etc., and amplifying circuit is used for the signal of telecommunication that receives is amplified.
Test processes unit 213 is used to finish the control relevant with test function and is connected with transtation mission circuit 203 with test signal receiving circuit 207 respectively with analyzing and processing, is used for the retroreflection/scattered signal of test signal of acceptance test signal receiving circuit 207 output and instruction issue circuitry 203 and sends test massage etc.
PON chip 111 can control or notify transtation mission circuit 203 to send test massage.Test processes unit 213 is according to the retroreflection/scattered signal that receives from test signal receiving circuit 207 and the test signal of transmission, calculate the loss situation (when the PON network element is OLT) of circuit between PON network element 200 and the ONU/ONT, perhaps obtain the loss situation (when the PON network element is ONU/ONT) of the circuit between PON network element 200 and the OLT.The test signal that sends is set by test processes unit 213 and is sent by transtation mission circuit 203.
Those of ordinary skills can learn that test processes unit 213 can be integrated on the chip with PON chip 111, also can be independent chip.
The test of fiber line state can be realized in test processes unit 213, can be OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer), C-OTDR (relevant OTDR) or OFDR processing units such as (optical frequency domain reflectometers).The relevant OTDR here is meant the OTDR that adopts auto-correlation, cross-correlation technique.
PON chip 111 is used to produce digital signal, and digital signal is sent to transtation mission circuit 203, and is used for the digital signal of receiving of data receiving circuit 205 is handled.
The structure of light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201 can be as shown in Figure 3, comprise polarizing beam splitter 301, first electrooptic switching element 303, first photoelectric conversion unit 305, second photoelectric conversion unit 307, WDM (Wavelength-Division Multiplexing, wavelength division multiplexer) 309 and concentrator 311 with light-focusing function.
Light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201 can also comprise the electric connection terminal 4 that is connected with first electrooptic switching element 303, the electric connection terminal 5 that is connected with first photoelectric conversion unit 305, the electric connection terminal 6 that is connected with second photoelectric conversion unit 307 and the light splicing ear 7 that is connected with concentrator 311.
Wherein, polarizing beam splitter 301 connects the light splicing ear 1 of first electrooptic switching element 303, connects the light splicing ear 2 of WDM309, connects the light splicing ear 3 of second photoelectric conversion unit 307.
Polarizing beam splitter 301 is used for input optical signal is divided into two light signals with different polarization directions, requires light splicing ear 1 consistent with the polarization state direction of first electrooptic switching element, 303 output light signals.Polarizing beam splitter 301 can be realized by multiple technologies, for example can wait and realize by birefringece crystal, polarization multilayer film, polymeric membrane, quartz glass etching.
First electrooptic switching element 303 is used for connecting transtation mission circuit 203 by electric connection terminal 4, comprise laser diode LD (Laser Diode), can realize that the electrical signal conversion with output in the transtation mission circuit 203 is a light signal, light signal after the conversion is sent to polarizing beam splitter 301, be coupled to optical fiber after assembling by WDM309, process concentrator 311 again and get on.
WDM309 connects the light splicing ear and the concentrator 311 of first photoelectric conversion unit 305 respectively, is used for the light signal from polarizing beam splitter 301 is carried out the light carrier coupling and the light signal from optical fiber is carried out the light carrier separation.Concrete, send through being coupled on the optical fiber by WDM309 behind the WDM309 from the light signal of first electrooptic switching element 303.Retroreflection/the scattered signal of the test signal that first electrooptic switching element 303 sends is through behind the WDM 309, arrive polarizing beam splitter 301, a part of light arrives first electrooptic switching element 303 through polarizing beam splitter 301, and another part arrives second photoelectric conversion unit 307 by polarizing beam splitter 301.After the data-signal that the opposite end sends arrives WDM309, arrive first photoelectric conversion unit 305 through WDM 309 coupling backs.
Concentrator 311 comprises: lens, or prism, or have optical fiber of light-focusing function etc.
For making that photoelectricity integrated package function is clearer in the present embodiment, present embodiment with the light signal of the light signal of descending transmission 1490nm and up transmission 1310nm as an example, when the integrated establishment 210 of photoelectricity is arranged among the OLT, WDM309 can see through the light signal of 1490nm, the light signal of reflection 1310nm, the signal process WDM309 reflection that is the 1310nm of up direction is delivered to first photoelectric conversion unit 305, the light signal of the 1490nm that first electrooptic switching element 303 sends sees through WMD309 and is delivered in the optical fiber, and retroreflection/scattered light signal of 1490nm sees through WDM309 and is delivered to polarizing beam splitter 301; When the integrated establishment 210 of photoelectricity is used for ONU/ONT, WDM309 can see through the light signal of 1310nm, the light signal of reflection 1490nm, the signal process WDM309 reflection that is the 1410nm of down direction is delivered to first photoelectric conversion unit 305, the light signal of the 1310nm that first electrooptic switching element 303 sends sees through WMD309 and is delivered in the optical fiber, and retroreflection/scattered light signal of 1310nm sees through WDM309 and is delivered to polarizing beam splitter 301.
Second photoelectric conversion unit 307 is used for connecting test signal receiving circuit 207 by light splicing ear 6, comprise photodiode PD (Photo Diode), can be photodiode PIN or avalanche photodide APD, can also comprise pre-amplifier, pre-amplifier can be trans-impedance amplifier TIA (Trans-Impedance Amplifier), retroreflection/scattered light signal that second photoelectric conversion unit 307 is used for receiving is converted to the signal of telecommunication, if second photoelectric conversion unit 307 comprises pre-amplifier, second photoelectric conversion unit 307 can also amplify the retroreflection/scattering signal of telecommunication after the conversion, concrete, behind the reflect/scatter light signal of receiving from the test signal of polarizing beam splitter 301, retroreflection/scattered light signal of receiving is converted to the signal of telecommunication (if comprise pre-amplifier, then also the signal of telecommunication after the conversion can be amplified), the output signal of telecommunication is given test signal receiving circuit 207.
First photoelectric conversion unit 305 is used for connecting data receiver circuit 205 by electric connection terminal 5, is used to receive the data-signal that sends the opposite end and (if the opposite end is ONU, then receives the data-signal that ONU sends; If the opposite end is OLT, then receive the data-signal that OLT sends), comprise photodiode PD (can be photodiode PIN or avalanche photodide APD (Avalanche Photo Diode)), can further include TIA, the data-signal that PD is used to receive (light signal) is converted to the signal of telecommunication, and TIA is used for the signal of telecommunication is amplified.When first photoelectric conversion unit 305 receives that light signal that the opposite end sends over (for example: if the opposite end is ONU, the signal that then sends over is the signal of 1310nm, if the opposite end is OLT, what then send over is the signal of 1490nm) after, light signal is changed, the signal of telecommunication after the conversion is exported to data receiver circuit 205.
Concentrator 311 connects WDM309, is used for the light signal from WDM309 gathered on the optical fiber sending.
The PON network element that present embodiment provides, owing to do not use optical splitter, therefore, can reduce the loss of data-signal, simultaneously by using the photoelectricity integrated package, can reduce the loss of retroreflection/scattered signal, the performance that has dynamically improved the embedded lines test function (for example: the dynamic range of embedded OTDR).
Because some is transmitted to first electrooptic switching element 303 to retroreflection/scattered signal through polarizing beam splitter 301 backs, therefore, can between first electrooptic switching element 303 and polarizing beam splitter 301, increase anti-anti-film, anti-anti-film is used to prevent that the back is to the Effect on Performance of light signal to first electrooptic switching element 303, backward signal is removed by anti-anti-membrane filtration, can not enter first electrooptic switching element 303.In another embodiment of the utility model, in light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201, use anti-anti-film, as shown in Figure 4, wherein, first electrooptic switching element 303 connects anti-anti-film 401, and anti-anti-film 401 connects the light splicing ear 1 of polarizing beam splitter 301.
When polarised light transmitted in non-polarization maintaining optical fibre, because birefringent phenomenon, polarization state can change, and the back scattering/reflected signal in the optical fiber no longer is and the duplicate polarised light of first electrooptic switching element, 303 polarization states.Retroreflection/scattered signal is through behind the polarizing beam splitter 301, part light signal (with the consistent light signal of light splicing ear 1 polarization state of polarizing beam splitter 301) can be to first electrooptic switching element 303, anti-anti-film 401 can this part light signal of filtering, improves the stability of first electrooptic switching element 303.
The PON network element that present embodiment provides by use anti-anti-film between transmitting element and polarizing beam splitter, can reduce the influence to first electrooptic switching element 303, improves the stability of first electrooptic switching element 303.
Among Fig. 4, retroreflection/scattered signal still has the loss of 3dB at least, therefore, can between polarizing beam splitter 301 and WDM309, increase wave plate, wherein, wave plate 501 is quarter-wave quarter-wave plate for having certain thickness birefringence monocrystalline thin slice as thickness.
The structure of the light transmitting-receiving subassembly 201 of use wave plate as shown in Figure 5, wave plate 501 connects polarizing beam splitter 301 and WDM309, be used for back scattering/reflected signal is transformed into the polarised light of or basically identical consistent with the polarization direction of first photoelectric conversion unit 307, therefore behind back scattering/reflected signal process quarter-wave plate and the polarizing beam splitter 301, most of back scattering/reflected signal can be sent to first photoelectric conversion unit 307, and back scattering/reflected signal has only a very little part to arrive first electrooptic switching element 303 (to depend on the isolation of polarizing beam splitter 301 on two polarization states, isolation is good more, and the retroreflection/scattered signal that arrives first electrooptic switching element 303 is just few more).After having increased quarter-wave plate,, therefore can not use anti-anti-film owing to do not have or have only seldom retroreflection/scattered signal through arriving first electrooptic switching element 303 behind the polarizing beam splitter 301.
The PON network element that present embodiment provides, owing to do not use optical splitter, can reduce the loss of data-signal, by using wave plate, retroreflection/scattered light signal on the optical fiber can be become and the consistent polarised light of polarizing beam splitter light splicing ear 3 output signal polarization states, through behind the polarizing beam splitter, can make that retroreflection/scattered light signal of at least 50% arrives first photoelectric conversion unit 307, first photoelectric conversion unit 307 converts retroreflection/scattered light signal of receiving to the signal of telecommunication (if comprise pre-amplifier again, then also can the signal of telecommunication after the conversion be amplified), send to test signal receiving circuit 207 then, signal receiving circuit 207 is handled and (can be comprised amplification after tested, filtering) send to test processes unit 213 after again and further handle, thereby can improve the dynamic range of OTDR.
The above; it only is embodiment of the present utility model; but protection range of the present utility model is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the utility model discloses; can expect easily changing or replacing, all should be encompassed within the protection range of the present utility model.Therefore, protection range of the present utility model should be as the criterion by described protection range with claim.