CN201360025Y - Device capable of prolonging the service life of fuel cell - Google Patents
Device capable of prolonging the service life of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201360025Y CN201360025Y CNU2008201580536U CN200820158053U CN201360025Y CN 201360025 Y CN201360025 Y CN 201360025Y CN U2008201580536 U CNU2008201580536 U CN U2008201580536U CN 200820158053 U CN200820158053 U CN 200820158053U CN 201360025 Y CN201360025 Y CN 201360025Y
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- hydrogen
- pressure
- cell pack
- pulse width
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005183 dynamical system Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010063955 thrombin receptor peptide (42-47) Proteins 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a device capable of prolonging the service life of a fuel cell, comprising a hydrogen storing tank, a reducing valve, a fuel cell stack, a water and vapor separator and a hydrogen gas circulator, wherein a plurality of PWM solenoid valves which are connected in parallel and a pressure sensor are arranged between the reducing valve and the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack; the pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack and is connected with the PWM solenoid valves, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack and then feeds back the pressure signal to the PWM solenoid valves, and the PWM solenoid valves automatically adjust the opening and closing frequency according to the pressure signal, and lead the pressure of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack to be constant on the preset value. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, safe and reliable use and the like.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the servicing unit of fuel cell, relates in particular to a kind of equipment that increases fuel battery service life.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxidant can be changed into electric energy and product.The internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly are called for short MEA), and membrane electrode (MEA) is made up of as carbon paper a proton exchange membrane, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder.The catalyst that contains the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion on two boundary faces of film and carbon paper is as the metal platinum catalyst.The membrane electrode both sides can electrochemistry will take place with conductive body to be sent out and answers the electronics that generates in the process, draws by external circuit, constitutes current circuit.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and electrochemical reaction takes place on catalyst surface, lose electronics, form cation, cation can pass proton exchange membrane by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidant (as oxygen), as air, pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper), and the generation electrochemical reaction obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion by infiltration.The cation of coming in the anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms product.
Adopting hydrogen is fuel, and the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidant (or pure oxygen is an oxidant), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen cation (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of anode region.Proton exchange membrane helps the hydrogen cation to move to the cathodic region from the anode region.In addition, proton exchange membrane is separated the air-flow and the oxygen containing air-flow of hydrogen fuel, they can not mixed mutually and produces explosion type reaction.
In the cathodic region, oxygen obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion, and moves the hydrogen cation reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the anode region.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be expressed in order to following equation:
Anode reaction: H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O
2+ 2H
++ 2e → H
2O
In typical Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, leads the surface that the membrane electrode plate contacts with membrane electrode for every and mills quarter by die casting, punching press or machinery, and formation is the guiding gutter of one or more at least.These lead the pole plate that the membrane electrode plate can above metal material, also can be the pole plates of graphite material.These lead anode region and cathodic region that water conservancy diversion duct on the membrane electrode plate and guiding gutter import fuel and oxidant the membrane electrode both sides respectively.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the baffler of anode fuel and the baffler of cathode oxidant.These bafflers are both as current collector plate, and also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, the guiding gutter on the baffler acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of anode, cathode surface with oxidant, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation process.
In order to increase the gross power of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells can be connected into battery pack or be unified into battery pack by the mode that tiles usually by straight folded mode.In straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be guiding gutter on the two sides of a pole plate, and wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together by certain way and forms a battery pack.Battery pack tightens together by front end-plate, end plate and pull bar usually and becomes one.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (hydrogen-rich gas that obtains as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or methyl alcohol, natural gas, gasoline) and oxidant (mainly being oxygen or air) in the guiding gutter of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (as water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, and the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermic reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated is also taken battery pack out of and dispelled the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidant, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel battery or on two end plates.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be used as the dynamical system of delivery vehicles such as car, ship, can be used as portable, portable and fixed Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) again.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is a fuel with pure hydrogen as the dynamical system of delivery vehicle generally during as the power station, is oxidant with the air.At present, comprise that the designed fuel cell pack of Canadian Ballard Power System Inc. generally moves under pressure.The relative pressure of operation air and hydrogen is generally at one more than the atmospheric pressure; And, the design of fuel cell pack generally also is adapted at operation under the pressure, its main feature is fuel cell inlet air pressure and outlet air pressure, and the pressure differential deltap P between fuel cell import Hydrogen Vapor Pressure and the outlet Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is bigger, greatly between 0.2～0.4 atmospheric pressure.
For the fuel cell pack of present this elevated pressures operation, generally be to make Hydrogen Vapor Pressure meet the needs of operating pressure between fuel cell pack and the fluid by regulating pressure-reducing valve.And the pressure-reducing valve that generally adopts at present has following shortcoming:
1. pressure-reducing valve volume, weight are often bigger, make, connect all cumbersome;
2. the operating state owing to fuel cell changes greatly, for example more high-power output or very small-power output, and pressure-reducing valve is difficult to reach the purpose of supply gas pressure all-the-time stable often than difficult realization automatic Regulation;
3. when pressure-reducing valve can't be given stabilizing voltage of fuel cell, cause the gas flow in the fuel cell to change easily, cause power generation performance to be difficult to control, if pressure-reducing valve lost efficacy, high pressure gas cognition is broken through electrode, can cause fire, blast when serious.
4. the pressure of high pressure hydrogen tank is generally 20 atmospheric pressure, and through entering fuel cell pack after the hydrogen pressure-reducing valve decompression, in case this hydrogen pressure-reducing valve is damaged, 20 atmospheric hydrogen will charge into fuel cell pack, and fuel cell pack is punctured.
Summary of the invention
But the purpose of this utility model is exactly the equipment that the increased fuel battery service life of a kind of automatic Regulation, dependable performance is provided for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence.
The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of equipment that increases fuel battery service life, comprise hydrogen container, pressure-reducing valve, fuel cell pack, steam trap, hydrogen circulation fan, hydrogen gas tank connects the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack by pressure-reducing valve, the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack is connected the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack with hydrogen circulation fan by steam trap, it is characterized in that, also be provided with a plurality of pulse width modulation solenoid valves in parallel and a pressure sensor between the hydrogen inlet of described pressure-reducing valve and fuel cell pack, this pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen inlet place of fuel cell pack, and is connected with the pulse width modulation solenoid valve of a plurality of parallel connections.
Described pulse width modulation solenoid valve is provided with 2～5, and each pulse width modulation solenoid valve is connected in parallel.
Described pulse width modulation solenoid valve is provided with 2.
Compared with prior art, the present invention adopts a plurality of pulse width modulation solenoid valves Hydrogen Vapor Pressure that enters fuel cell pack of regulating in parallel, the amount of bearing of having disperseed the valve of control Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, prolonged the life-span of valve, thereby reduced cost, and pulse width modulation solenoid valve is by pulse by-pass valve control high-frequency switch, regulate the switch number of times of electromagnetic proportional valve according to the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure that enters fuel cell pack, make the hydrogen that enters fuel cell pack and air pressure accurately on preset value, simple in structure, reliable and stable.
When high-power (＞50 kilowatts) fuel cell is in the output of little load, general pulse width modulation solenoid valve has only 1～2 in work, but when being at full capacity or during big load operation state, can allow more than 2 all pulse width modulation solenoid valves all in running order, can
1) caliber that connects each pulse width modulation solenoid valve can reduce, and increases the withstand voltage fail safe of Denging;
2) each pulse width modulation solenoid valve live load reduces;
3) certain pulse width modulation solenoid valve damages, and is in when quitting work state, can be isolated out, and other electromagnetically operated valves are still in running order, do not influence system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fuel cell hydrogen gas circulating system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the fuel cell of a kind of 100KW, comprise hydrogen container 2, pressure-reducing valve 3, fuel cell pack 5, steam trap 6, hydrogen circulation fan 7, hydrogen gas tank 2 connects the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack 5 by pressure-reducing valve 3, the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack 5 is connected the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack 5 with hydrogen circulation fan 7 by steam trap 6, also be provided with three pulse width modulation solenoid valves in parallel 1 (PWM) and a pressure sensor 4 between the hydrogen inlet of described pressure-reducing valve 3 and fuel cell pack 5, this pressure sensor 4 is arranged on the hydrogen inlet place of fuel cell pack 5, and be connected with the pulse width modulation solenoid valve 1 of three parallel connections, every connecting line is internal diameter 5mm, the stainless steel pipeline of external diameter 10mm, entering the total hydrogen pipeline of fuel cell pack is internal diameter 20mm, the stainless steel tube of external diameter 25mm; Pressure sensor 4 detects the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure that enters fuel cell pack 5, and this pressure signal fed back to pulse width modulation solenoid valve 1, when fuel cell is in little load (＜10 kilowatts) output, general pulse width modulation solenoid valve 1 has only 1～2 in work, but when being at full capacity or load (20～50 kilowatts) operating state greatly, can allow more than 2 all pulse width modulation solenoid valves all in running order, this pulse width modulation solenoid valve 1 is according to pressure signal, by pulse by-pass valve control high-frequency switch, automatically regulate the switch number of times of pulse width modulation solenoid valve 1, make the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure that enters fuel cell pack constant at predetermined value 0.5atm.
Described pulse width modulation solenoid valve can be provided with 2～5 as required, and the concrete condition of the predetermined value fuel cell heap of Hydrogen Vapor Pressure can be 0.1～0.5atm.
Claims (3)
1. equipment that can increase fuel battery service life, comprise hydrogen container, pressure-reducing valve, fuel cell pack, steam trap, hydrogen circulation fan, hydrogen gas tank connects the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack by pressure-reducing valve, the hydrogen outlet of fuel cell pack is connected the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell pack with hydrogen circulation fan by steam trap, it is characterized in that, also be provided with a plurality of pulse width modulation solenoid valves in parallel and a pressure sensor between the hydrogen inlet of described pressure-reducing valve and fuel cell pack, this pressure sensor is arranged on the hydrogen inlet place of fuel cell pack, and is connected with the pulse width modulation solenoid valve of a plurality of parallel connections.
2. the equipment that increases fuel battery service life according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described pulse width modulation solenoid valve is provided with 2～5, and each pulse width modulation solenoid valve is connected in parallel.
3. the equipment that increases fuel battery service life according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described pulse width modulation solenoid valve is provided with 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201580536U CN201360025Y (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Device capable of prolonging the service life of fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201580536U CN201360025Y (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Device capable of prolonging the service life of fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201360025Y true CN201360025Y (en) | 2009-12-09 |
Family
ID=41425791
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201580536U Expired - Fee Related CN201360025Y (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Device capable of prolonging the service life of fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201360025Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102735096A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-17 | 无锡溥汇机械科技有限公司 | Heat exchange system |
| CN113258100A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-13 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system and anode hydrogen concentration evaluation method thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-12-26 CN CNU2008201580536U patent/CN201360025Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102735096A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-17 | 无锡溥汇机械科技有限公司 | Heat exchange system |
| CN113258100A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-13 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system and anode hydrogen concentration evaluation method thereof |
| CN113258100B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-24 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system and anode hydrogen concentration evaluation method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20091209 Termination date: 20151226 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |