Cable termination
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cable attachment link technical field used in the power cable engineering, particularly relate to the indoor cold-contraction type cable termination of a kind of electric power.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of urban construction, the application of power cable in distribution system more and more widely, air switch cabinet quantity progressively increases, the consumption of inside cable terminal is also corresponding to be increased.At cable termination and transformer, controller switching equipment, when other branch equipment is connected, often need oversheath, inner sheath of strip cable etc.In addition, concentrate and cause high-voltage breakdown for preventing to connect the back electric field, the electric field of cable termination is disperseed, therefore the insulation property to cable termination have a series of requirements.Mainly be with shrinkage end product master on the current market.The inside cable terminal of shrinkage is divided into two classes, and a kind of is to be the cable termination of electric stress control with the high-k; Another kind is to be the cable termination of electric stress control with the stress cone.
Carried out predilation when the shrinkage terminal is dispatched from the factory and, be retracted to original diameter cable is applied inside radial pressure by rubber after-contraction being installed on cable insulation.This radial pressure is guaranteeing that excellent sealing has also improved the insulation property of cable termination simultaneously.The shrinkage terminal is after being installed to cable, and its spreading rate is between 30% to 150% usually.When dispatching from the factory, they are contained on the supporting-core rope of withdrawable helical structure, and its spreading rate is between 200% to 300%.
The design of indoor shrinkage terminal will be considered the factor of a lot of aspects, such as environment for use, the electric pressure of height above sea level and operation etc. is installed.In addition, the factor that also has the following aspects:
1) sealing, shrinkage terminal itself can play the effect of sealing to the radial pressure of cable.
2) electric field controls, the most concentrated position of electric field of cable termination is at the insulation shielding incision position, mainly adopts parametric method and geometric method to reduce the electric stress of shielding fracture.
The parametric method that shows Fig. 1 and 2 adopts the schematic perspective view and the longitudinal sectional view of traditional cable terminal 100 of the electric stress control of high dielectric constant material.This cable termination comprises insulated tube 110 and is set in stress control tube 101 in the insulated tube 110.The link 105 that comprises the cable of insulating barrier 102 and cable core 103 passes insulated tube 110 and stress control tube 101.This link 105 for example is connected on the indoor electric equipment such as transformer, controller switching equipment by a lug plate.In this syndeton, in the certain-length of 101 inside, will form insulation shielding fracture 104 from link 105 to stress control tube.And near the position of this insulation shielding fracture 104, its electric field strength is strong more, otherwise away from the position of insulation shielding fracture 104, highfield intensity is weak more.Wear characteristic for the resistance that guarantees product, need guarantee that insulated tube 110 has enough length, for example under the situation that applies the 10kV electric pressure, the length of insulated tube 110 generally requires greater than 250mm.
The geometric method that shows Fig. 3 and 4 adopts the schematic perspective view and the longitudinal sectional view of cable termination 200 of the Stress Control of stress cone structure.This cable termination comprises: insulated tube 210 and be arranged on stress cone 201 in the insulated tube 210 wherein is provided with a plurality of skirts 203 of ring-type on the outer wall top of insulated tube 210.Wherein a plurality of skirts 203 form highlightedly and are spaced from each other on the outer wall of insulated tube 210.The link 202 that comprises the cable of insulating barrier 204 and cable core 205 passes insulated tube 210 and stress cone 201.This link 202 for example is connected on the indoor electric equipment such as transformer, controller switching equipment by a lug plate.In this syndeton, in the certain-length of 210 inside, will form insulation shielding fracture 206 from link 202 to stress control tube.
The manufacturing process of above-mentioned cable termination 200 is as follows: at first make stress cone 201 in a secondary mould, and then the stress cone 201 made is placed on makes insulated tube 210 and skirt 203 in another secondary mould, and make insulated tube 210 and stress cone 201 be shaped to one, thereby make final products by injection or mold pressing.
In cable termination 200, its insulated part is the insulated tube of being made by silicon rubber 210 of band skirt 203, owing to adopted stress cone 201 to carry out electric stress control, has reduced at insulation shielding fracture 206 places and the intensity of the electric field that forms on every side.For example, under the situation that applies the 10kV electric pressure, insulated tube 210 length generally require greater than 190mm.
3) reduce creeping discharge.Silicon rubber because have stronger hydrophobicity, can prevent the formation of aquaporin as the manufacturing materials of the insulated tube of shrinkage cable termination on the outer surface of cable termination, discharge thereby reduced along this outer surface.
4) prolong the electric leakage creepage distance.The electric leakage creepage distance is the total length from high-pressure side to terminal ground connection.For polluting higher region, need to adopt marginal texture with special design structure, the mode that perhaps increases skirt quantity satisfies the requirement to electric leakage creepage distance length, with the useful life of prolongation cable termination.
In the inside cable terminal of mentioning that comprises the electric stress control valve with high-k, make insulated tube 110 with extrusion moulding in the above, its manufacture craft is simple, and efficient is expensive low.The electric stress control section is based on stress tube or stress adhesive tape or stress mud, which kind of form no matter, and the dielectric constant values of its manufacturing materials generally all should be greater than 10.If with the stress rubber tube is stress control tube, also can adopt the extrusion molding mode.
For having the inside cable terminal 100 that stress cone is the electric stress control section, its skirt 203 provides enough creepage distances, has improved the impact characteristics of terminal.But in the production process of cable termination 200, stress cone and exterior insulation pipe need vulcanize in die cavity, and owing to have spacing between the skirt 203, can not adopt extruding-out process, but need the die sinking demoulding, so the time often expend longer, so efficient is made lower.
Comparatively speaking, under the prerequisite that guarantees same electrical property, the length of the insulated tube 110 of cable termination 100 is more much longer than insulated tube 210 length of cable termination 200.But the manufacture craft of cable termination 100 is simpler than cable termination 200.That is to say,, all can't solve the problem of structure and manufacturing process simultaneously though traditional cable termination has solved the difficulty on structure or the manufacturing process.
The content of utility model
For solving the above-mentioned defective that exists in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of cable termination, and its size is little and manufacturing process is simple.
For realizing above-mentioned and other purpose, effect and advantage of the present utility model, a kind of cable termination is provided, comprise: insulated tube and stress control tube, described stress control tube is placed in the described insulated tube, and the length of described stress control tube is not more than the length of described insulated tube, forms at least one continuous helical form projection on the outer wall of described insulated tube.
In above-mentioned cable termination, described projection is not less than 3mm at the height of the outer wall upper process of described insulated tube, further in the scope of 3-10mm.
In above-mentioned cable termination, described projection is formed on the whole length of described insulated tube or is formed on the partial-length of described insulated tube.
Above-mentioned cable termination further comprises the supporting-core rope, and described supporting-core rope comprises: spiral supporter, and described supporter flexibly supports the inwall of described insulated tube and stress control tube; And tap, described tap extends to second end from first end of described supporting-core rope, and stretches out from described second end.
In above-mentioned cable termination, the length of described supporter is not less than the length of described insulated tube.
In above-mentioned cable termination, described stress control tube is columnar structured.
In above-mentioned cable termination, described supporting-core rope is made by rigid polymeric material.
In above-mentioned cable termination, the dielectric constant values of described stress control tube is in the scope of 10-25.
In above-mentioned cable termination, described insulated tube and stress control tube are made by elastic rubber material.
According to indoor shrinkage cable termination of the present utility model, because the raised structures of skirt formula is continuous helical structure, can adopt the spiral expressing technique to make the insulated tube that is provided with this skirt thus, can save die sinking and demould time in the moulding process when adopting mold pressing or injection to make insulated tube like this, simultaneously also avoid the overlap in mold pressing or the injection molding technique and remained in rubber in the runner, guaranteed the continuity and the persistence of producing, and moulding is fast, the efficient height.And the entire length of cable termination of the present utility model is shorter, under the prerequisite of creep distance that do not reduce to leak electricity, applicable to any narrow and small installation environment, has improved the cable termination electric property, strengthens the reliability of cable termination.
Description of drawings
The present invention further describes with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 be the traditional cable terminal first kind of embodiment be connected to cable the time schematic perspective view;
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 be the traditional cable terminal second kind of embodiment be connected to cable the time schematic perspective view;
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is according to the longitudinal sectional view of first kind of embodiment of cable termination of the present utility model, comprises the supporting-core rope among the figure;
Fig. 6 is the longitudinal sectional view of the insulated tube of cable termination shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is a cable termination shown in Figure 5 schematic perspective view when being connected to cable;
Fig. 8 is the longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view according to second kind of embodiment of cable termination of the present utility model; And
Figure 10 is the longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 9.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings and with reference to preferred embodiment of the present utility model, those skilled in the art can understand the application's further open, purpose, advantage and aspect better, and these given drawings and Examples just for illustrative purposes.
Embodiment
Describe exemplary embodiment of the present utility model in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Identical Reference numeral is represented identical parts in the accompanying drawing.
Analysis by top background technology part, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, if the inside cable terminal that comprises the electric stress control section of being made by high dielectric constant materials is shortened, then needing to be provided with from insulated tube outer surface upper process formation skirt increases the electric leakage creepage distance; On the other hand, if make the manufacturing process of inside cable terminal of the electric stress control section that comprises stress cone simple, preferably adopt extruding-out process to make insulated tube.
Fig. 5-8 shows first kind of exemplary embodiment according to cable termination of the present utility model.This cable termination 10 comprises: insulated tube 2, form a continuous spiral helicine projection on the outer wall of described insulated tube 2, and for example skirt 9; And stress control tube 3, described stress control tube 3 is set in the insulated tube 2, and its length is less than the length of insulated tube 2.The height of skirt 9 one projection on the outer wall of insulated tube 2 generally is not less than 3mm, the height of projection is in the 3-10mm scope further, the setting of this outstanding skirt 9 structures can increase the electric leakage creepage distance, thereby shortens the length of insulated tube 2, reduces the size of whole cable termination.Be understandable that when the insulated tube wall thickness increased, the height of projection can correspondingly increase.
Insulated tube 2 and stress control tube 3 are all made by for example elastic rubber material of silicon rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber and so on, and the insulated tube of making like this 2 has excellent electric insulating energy and better elastic.Particularly, the dielectric constant values of stress control tube 3 is in the scope of 10-25.Because skirt 9 is on the continuous spiral-shaped outer wall that is formed on insulated tube 2, therefore when making insulated tube 2, can utilize prefabricated injection mold to rotate extrusion molding once, thereby save the time of making insulated tube 2 with continuous helical groove.
In one embodiment, skirt 9 is formed on the whole length of insulated tube 2.But alternatively, skirt 9 also can be formed on the partial-length of insulated tube 2.In first kind of embodiment of the cable termination of Fig. 5-8 a continuous skirt 9 being shown is formed on the outer wall of insulated tube 2 highlightedly.In second kind of embodiment of cable termination,, also can on the outer wall of insulated tube 2, form two continuous skirts 11 and 12 highlightedly referring to Fig. 9 and 10.Be appreciated that thus on the outer wall of insulated tube 2, to form 3 or more such skirts, to increase the spacing between the adjacent skirt.
Further, also comprise the supporting-core rope of making by for example rigid polymeric material of PP, PE and so on according to cable termination of the present utility model, the supporting-core rope comprises: spiral supporter 4, described supporter 4 are set in insulated tube 2 and the stress control tube 3 and the inwall of supports insulative pipe 2 and stress control tube 3 rigidly; And tap 1, described tap 1 is extended second end of supporting-core rope from first end of supporting-core rope, and stretches out from described second end.Usually, the supporter 4 of supporting-core rope is wound in helix tube by a tape with rigidity and forms, and an end of this tape extends to second end from the inside that first end of supporter passes supporter and stretch out from second end, thereby forms tap 1.The length of supporter 4 is not less than the length of insulated tube 2, thereby can make supporter 4 run through whole insulated tube 2.Further, the external diameter of supporter 4 is bigger than the internal diameter of the insulated tube 2 that does not strut, thereby supporter 4 can successively be inserted in the stress control tube 3 and insulated tube 2 after strutting, thereby insulated tube 2 and stress control tube 3 are supported.
Employing is described below cable is connected to the operating process that the electric equipment such as transformer, controller switching equipment, other branch equipment connects according to cable termination of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is the longitudinal sectional view of the insulated tube 2 that is provided with a continuous spiral skirt 9 that do not strut.Insulated tube 2 among Fig. 6 is the pipe of inner hollow.In the case, in insulated tube 2, make supporter 4 pass insulated tube 2 and stress control tube 3 afterwards whole stress control tube 3 compressed fit.Afterwards, will be inserted on the cable of diameter less than supporter 4 according to cable termination of the present utility model, and pull at tap 1 then, this moment, the supporter 4 of helical structure discharged gradually since second end, and finally whole shrinkage supporting-core ropes 4 was pulled out.In the process that supporter 4 discharges gradually, the stress control tube 3 of insulated tube 2 and high-k presses the insulating barrier 6 of cable under self elastical retraction stress.Because the diameter of the insulating barrier 6 of cable is greater than the insulated tube 2 of not expansion and the internal diameter of stress control tube 3, thereby make insulated tube 2 and stress control tube 3 maintain the cable that comprises insulating barrier 6 securely.At this moment, the cable termination of the present utility model of cable has been installed shown in Fig. 7 and 8.Structure and mode of operation thereof about the supporting-core rope can be referring to american documentation literature US6015629A, its disclosed content in the utility model all with reference to introducing.
When being connected to electric equipment according to cable termination of the present utility model by brace, an end that can be close to electric equipment in stress control tube 3 produces insulation shielding fracture 7.And this stress control tube 3 with high-k can change the power line at insulation shielding fracture 7 places or the refractive index of equipotential line, makes them more sparse in the distribution at insulation shielding fracture 7 places.By improving electric field line distribution, can reduce the stress on cable termination surface greatly, thereby improve the overall performance of cable termination.
By adopting the ANSYS finite element software to carry out analysis of electric field, will be installed on the cable according to spiral 10kV inside cable terminal of the present utility model after, the electric field of dummycable and cable termination of the present utility model and Potential Distributing situation.During analysis, length 190mm with spiral cable termination is an example, its the shortest creepage distance is about 246mm, be installed on the cable of 8.7/15kV 240mm2, dielectric constant values is that the length of 20 stress control tube is 140mm, is that the position of 35mm forms the insulation shielding fracture in the distance of an end of the contiguous electric equipment of distance stress control tube 3.According to above condition modeling, the result is as follows after the computing:
The equipotential line of insulation shield incision position distributes sparse, and maximum field strength is 2.685kV/mm, and the structural design that shows cable termination of the present utility model is rational.
By above sunykatuib analysis, can determine that the inside cable terminal with spiral type skirt of the present utility model is enough to satisfy the instructions for use of 8.7/15kV and following electric pressure cable.Further, cable termination of the present utility model is also applicable to the instructions for use of 35kV and following electric pressure cable.
In sum, according to indoor shrinkage cable termination of the present utility model, because skirt is continuous helical structure, can adopt the spiral expressing technique to make the insulated tube that is provided with this skirt thus, can save die sinking and demould time in the moulding process when adopting mold pressing or injection to make insulated tube like this, also not have an overlap in mold pressing or the injection moulding simultaneously and remain in rubber in the runner, guarantee the continuity and the persistence of producing, and moulding is fast, the efficient height.When cable termination dispatches from the factory, all supported heart yearn expansion of insulated tube and stress control tube.During installation, can pull out the support heart yearn simply, and make insulated tube and stress control tube maintain cable securely, therefore improve the comfort level of the installation of cable termination and cable greatly.And the entire length of cable termination is shorter, under the prerequisite of creep distance that do not reduce to leak electricity, applicable to any narrow and small installation environment.Under the situation of same insulated lengths, this inside cable terminal can provide longer creepage distance, adds the characteristics of high-k control electric stress, has improved the cable termination electric property more, strengthens the reliability of cable termination.
Therefore, the description of this invention only is exemplary in essence, and the variation that does not depart from main idea of the present invention thus is also in protection scope of the present invention.