CN201317092Y - Multi-layer material preparation device - Google Patents
Multi-layer material preparation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201317092Y CN201317092Y CNU2008202290954U CN200820229095U CN201317092Y CN 201317092 Y CN201317092 Y CN 201317092Y CN U2008202290954 U CNU2008202290954 U CN U2008202290954U CN 200820229095 U CN200820229095 U CN 200820229095U CN 201317092 Y CN201317092 Y CN 201317092Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-layer material preparation device, which comprises at least two feeders, a feeding head, a layer doubling portion which is used to double laminated material layers, comprises at least a layer doubling unit, and can be placed in any appropriate way, and a squeezing head, wherein the layer doubling layer comprises at least two branch material flow channels which respectively comprise a flow inlet and a flow outlet, and the flow inlets are arranged long the width direction of layers, and the flow outlets are arranged along the height direction of layers. The multi-layer material preparation device can be randomly combined, and is conveniently operated, can make the diversify regulation and control for the layer number, layer thickness and layer thickness ratio of multi-layer materials and other structures.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of multilayer material process technology, more particularly, relates to a kind of device that is used for material is cut apart stacked preparation multilayer material.
Background technology
Many materials or object all have layer structure in the middle of the reality.Constituent is piled up with multilayer form or is formed final special layer structure by modes such as orientations in the middle of these materials or object.Have the material of layer structure or the multilayer electronic material that object comprises components such as multiple layers of polymeric materials, containing metal or semiconductor, the bone of animal etc., even comprise food, for example multilayer cake, biscuit etc.Adopt sandwich construction can increase attractive in appearance, taste to food, reduce cost etc.But, discover through multi-layer compound structure to make material have unique advantage at aspects such as mechanical property, optical property, barrier property, electric conductivities to other functional materials, particularly polymeric material.And obtained commercial applications at aspects such as optical thin film, ornament materials, barrier materials.Therefore, multilayer material preparation facilities and technology are more and more paid attention in many countries.
Generally adopted multithread road technology (i.e. runner control one deck) that the different materials coextrusion is formed laminar composite in the past.This technology has following shortcoming: the number of plies of these materials very limited (generally being less than 20 layers) not only, individual layer thickness is generally all at millimeter level or hundreds of micron order, and have the extrusion device complex structure, and design accuracy requires high, and expressing technique is difficult for a series of problems such as control.
At above-mentioned deficiency, the someone has proposed solution, as U.S. Pat 3645837, US3773882, US3884606, US5094788, and US6905324 etc., and Chinese patent CN1511694 etc.But these present multilayer extrusion devices and technology all still have many deficiencies and shortcoming, and be single as structure, to the number of plies, layer thickness and layer thickness than carrying out the limited in one's ability or the like of variation, summary regulation and control.
The utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities, and it has overcome the existing deficiency of background technology multilayer material preparation facilities.
The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is:
A kind of multilayer material preparation facilities, it comprises:
At least two feeders that feed steam can be provided;
One in order to the stacked feed head that converges at least two bursts of feed steam, and it has the charging branch materials flow passage with number such as feed steam;
One layer multiplication portion in order to the stacked materials flow layer that doubles, it comprises, and at least one can be cut apart, tuning, cross section adjustment and the stacked again layer multiplier that converges the materials flow layer; Wherein, this layer multiplier comprises at least two branch's materials flow passages, and this branch's materials flow passage has branch inflow entrance and shunting outlet, those minutes inflow entrance arrange along materials flow layer width, those shunting outlets are arranged along materials flow layer height direction; And
An extruder head, it is connected layer multiplication subordinate trip.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the charging branch materials flow passage of feed head is fixed, and any one cross-sectional area is compared at 50%-200% with its outlet in branch's materials flow passage.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the charging branch materials flow channel outlet of feed head is adjustable.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, those layers multiplier is connected in series.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, those layers multiplier is connected in parallel together.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the connection in series-parallel of those layers multiplier links together.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the face crosswise of branch's materials flow passage of those layers multiplier is adjusted gradually from minute inflow entrance to shunting outlet, wherein, in those runners the cross-sectional area at any place with its minute inflow entrance compare at 60%-150%.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, those layers multiplier comprises that also one begins to carry out the cross section adjustment of Symmetrical Continuous and end to converge the major ingredient circulation road in layer multiplier when branch's materials flow passage converges.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, those layers multiplier comprises also that a cross section that begins to carry out Symmetrical Continuous when branch's materials flow passage converges is adjusted to that layer multiplier outlet finish converges the major ingredient circulation road.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, branch's materials flow passage of those layers multiplier is for carrying out the cross section adjustment of Symmetrical Continuous simultaneously after piling up again and meeting at the interior branch's materials flow passage of layer multiplier, and, this layer multiplier also comprise one no longer carry out the cross section adjustment converge the major ingredient circulation road.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, branch's materials flow passage of those layers multiplier is for carrying out the cross section adjustment of Symmetrical Continuous simultaneously after piling up again and meeting at layer branch's materials flow passage of multiplier outlet.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, all be provided with cutting plate between this every adjacent branch inflow entrance, those cutting plate cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouths are vertical with the materials flow bed boundary, and those cutting plates evenly are provided with at interval.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, all be provided with cutting plate between this every adjacent branch inflow entrance, those cutting plate cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouths are vertical with the materials flow bed boundary, and the unevenly spaced setting of those cutting plates.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, those runners are staggered up and down.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, Symmetrical Continuous ground transition between this extruder head enters the mouth to and exports.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the cross section size at any place is compared at 10%-200% with its inlet in this extruder head.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, this extruder head contains the outlet of adjustment height, the extruder head Symmetrical Continuous ground transition between the adjustable die lip inlet that enters the mouth.
In the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, this extruder head cross section size at any place that enters the mouth between the adjustable die lip inlet is compared at 10%-200% with its inlet.
The technical program is compared with background technology: because each layer multiplier can arbitrary combination, easy to operate in the layer multiplication portion, therefore to the number of plies of multilayer material, layer thickness, layer thickness than and other structures can carry out variation.Because the connection in series-parallel of those layers multiplier links together, therefore can prepare the multilayer material of any number of plies.Since each layer multiplier can be identical also can be inequality, and, feed head and extruder head also can be that fix or adjustable, therefore it has following advantage: 1, structure variation, utilize multiple different layer multiplication portion's combination and feed head and extruder head, can also design the more multifarious number of plies of preparation and layer thickness and thickness ratio more flexibly effectively; 2, adopt when being higher than dual layer multiplier, can reduce a layer multiplier number, can shorten material time of staying in the extrusion device of high temperature, can avoid inhomogeneities, discontinuity, unstability to be amplified exponentially, multilayer material is more successfully extruded smoothly, can be guaranteed end product quality; 3, the summary ability of regulation and control is strong, and for example will prepare the number of plies increases by 512 times material, needs 9 double layers multiplication portions, gets final product and only need 4 quadruple-layer multiplication portions to add a double layers multiplication portion, more only needs 3 eightfold layer multiplication portions to get final product; 4, the charging branch materials flow channel outlet of feed head is adjustable, and practicality improves greatly.This device, simple in structure, go for any suitable employing and extrude material processed, by adjusting or select the kind and the quantity of charging, the flow velocity of each feed steam, the quantity of the feeding-passage of feed head and size, kind, quantity and the modes of emplacement of layer multiplication portion middle level multiplier, extrude the size of draught animals mould and shape etc., can produce the preparation different numbers of plies, different layers thickness, different layers thickness multilayer materials or other class stratified materials, therefore compare and have remarkable advantage with other multilayer material processing unit (plant)s than, different structure.The multilayer material processing method of this device, process operation are simple, the efficient height, and cost is low.The prepared product function of this device is various, and purposes is very extensive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of extrusion equipment.
Fig. 2-the 1st, a kind of in the multilayer material processing unit (plant) have a kind of cross sectional plan view of structure of the feed head of three materials flow passages.
Fig. 2-the 2nd, a kind of in the multilayer material processing unit (plant) have a kind of cross sectional side view of structure of the feed head of three materials flow passages.
A kind of in Fig. 3-1 multilayer material processing unit (plant) has a kind of cross sectional plan view of structure of the feed head of two materials flow passages.
A kind of in Fig. 3-2 multilayer material processing unit (plant) has a kind of cross sectional side view of structure of the feed head of two materials flow passages.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of a kind of double layers multiplication portion.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of another kind of triple layer multiplication portion.
Fig. 6 is a kind of by the dual and layer multiplication portion schematic diagram that triple layer multiplication portion is combined into.
Fig. 7 is that the double base materials flow is being added the schematic diagram of materials flow in man-hour cross-sectional structure in different step with layer multiplication portion group shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 8-the 1st, one of connection permutation and combination method schematic diagram of layer multiplier.
Fig. 8-the 2nd, two of the connection permutation and combination method schematic diagram of layer multiplier.
Fig. 8-the 3rd, three of the connection permutation and combination method schematic diagram of layer multiplier.
Fig. 8-the 4th, four of the connection permutation and combination method schematic diagram of layer multiplier.
Fig. 8-the 5th, five of the connection permutation and combination method schematic diagram of layer multiplier.
Fig. 9-the 1st, a kind of structural representation of typical extruder head.
Fig. 9-the 2nd, a kind of extruder head structural representation that typically has the constant cross-section area.
Fig. 9-the 3rd a kind ofly is used to regulate the structural representation that extruder head goes out the adjustable die lip of open height.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The basic structure of a kind of typical multilayer material preparation facilities of the present utility model as shown in Figure 1, it comprises three feeders 1,2,3, is connected the extruder head 6 of layer multiplication portion 5, one articulamentum multiplications portion of a connection feed head with a feed head 4 in the downstream.
The basic function of feeder is a module convey materials downstream.As the source of extrusion equipment, this class feeder can be mixed function arranged can not have mixed function yet, but feeder must be able to provide propulsive force to material.These devices comprise multi-screw extruder, double screw extruder, single screw extrusion machine, injector, and the combination of hopper or charging basket and fluid pump etc.
The feed head is used for one or the multiply materials flow is stacked is transported to a layer multiplication portion after converging and carries out layer multiplication operation.May be used to this multilayer extrusion equipment as the feed head of the multiple multithread road structure mentioned in the background technology and comparatively complicated feed with layer ability that increase (promptly can in the feed head, not relying on layer multiplication portion to realize the increase of the number of plies).Here preferentially select the feed head (as referring to U.S. Pat 4152387, US4533308, US4144011, US5375990, US6767492, US6783349 etc.) with fixing or adjustable materials flow passage simple in structure for use.Having only the feed head of a feeding-passage is a kind of special circumstances, is applicable to special layer multiplication operation is carried out in one materials flow.Unless stated otherwise, described below generally is the feed head that contains two or more charging branch materials flow passages.
No matter whether the passage in the feed head can be adjusted, cross section in the runner outlet is a parallelogram generally speaking, being generally rectangle or square, better is that long limit (width) is that base, minor face (short transverse/thickness direction) are the rectangles of side.The base be defined as with layer plane or the layer with layer between the interface parallel, also be that side is on the short transverse of materials flow layer.Each runner in the feed head can be an arbitrary shape at the cross section of its outlet upstream, is generally circle, rectangle or square.Best, the runner entrance section is circular, is convenient to connect with feeder.For the feed head with stationary conduit, runner is compared general not too big change at any one cross-sectional area with this runner outlet, better is at 50%-200%, and is preferably identical; Feed head for having adjustable passage does not then generally require, because the part runner can be fully closed.For the feed head with stationary conduit, the outlet cross-sectional area of each branch's materials flow passage can be designed to identical or inequality.When inequality, then can be by regulating the material transport portion, for example extruder or measuring pump are accurately controlled.For feed head with adjustable passage, generally can carry out regulated at will to the outlet cross-sectional area of each runner, can also regulate feed head outlet cross section.Identical runner cross section is convenient to the identical multilayer material of prepared layer thickness, and runner cross section inequality can prepare the product of different materials layer thickness ratio.Material in a plurality of runners can be identical also can be inequality, the identical material product that will produce preparation that depends on whether.
Each branch's materials flow passage travel direction and position and cross section adjustment in the feed head in the feed head make the base of each runner outlet parallel adjacent and width is identical, so side also obtains alignment.Each runner converges in outlet of feed head or feed head.When converging in feed head exit, the outlet of feed head is actually a composite channel outlet that comprises two or more runner outlets.General each runner converged before arriving the outlet of feed head, piled up on short transverse.Runner exports between the feed head outlet preferably a rectangle or the foursquare major ingredient circulation road that converges, preferably the rectangle sprue of long limit on the materials flow width in the feed head generally speaking.When the material of two or more branch's materials flows is formed identical, branch's materials flow is stacked converge after, different in theory branch's materials flows constitutes the different layers that converges in the major ingredient stream, but the last adjacent bed boundary with identical material composition may disappear and be fused into a layer.So in theory from the feed head come out can be the materials flow (sight of single feeding-passage) of one single composition or one through stacked converge but still have single composition the stratiform composite stream, also can be that one is through having the stratiform materials flow that two or more materials are formed after stacked converging.
A feed head that typically has a stationary flowpath of the present utility model as shown in Figure 2, it has three branch's materials flow passages and and converges sprue.Each runner all has a round entrance and rectangle outlet.Converge sprue and have constant square-section.Three branch's materials flow feeder connections shift to install in different directions, and can connect three feeders respectively; The sprue inlet connects three runner outlets, in order to converge each feed steam before the outlet of feed head, it is merged into one stream of stratiform major ingredient with square-section (stacked materials flow layer), is transported to a layer multiplication portion inlet by the outlet of feed head.
A feed head that typically has an adjustable runner of the present utility model as shown in Figure 3, it has two branch's materials flow passages and one and converges sprue.Each runner all has a rectangle entrance and rectangle outlet.Converge sprue and have constant square-section.The setting of on above-below direction, aliging of two branch's materials flow passages, and can connect two feeders respectively.The shim 1 that one wedge shape is arranged in the feed head can be along axle 2 rotations; The sharp-crested 3 of wedge shape shim converge sprue inlet on carry out camber line between the bottom and move, reach the effect of two branch's materials flow channel cross-section sizes of control, any one runner wherein can be fully closed.Converge the sprue inlet and connect two runner outlets,, it is merged into one stream of major ingredient with square-section (stacked materials flow layer), be transported to a layer multiplication portion inlet by the outlet of feed head in order to before the outlet of feed head, to converge each feed steam.
Layer multiplication portion is the core of package unit.Can contain one or more layer multiplier identical or inequality in the layer multiplication portion, can utilize the method unitization of any appropriate to be connected with order in any suitable manner between the layer multiplier.Any in theory one materials flow by some layers multiplier after its number of plies all obtain multiplication, but the last adjacent interface that has between the layer that identical material forms may disappear and be fused into a layer.Unless otherwise indicated, here general description be the layer with the layer between the interface do not disappear the fusion situation.The double layers multiplier once can be increased to the number of plies of material materials flow original twice, and individual layer thickness narrows down to half of its original thickness generally speaking.The triple layer multiplier once can be increased to the number of plies of materials flow three times, and the quadruple-layer multiplier once can be increased to the number of plies of materials flow 4 times, and correspondingly the heavy multiplier of n once can be increased to the number of plies of materials flow n doubly.Below the structure of layer multiplier is specifically described.
Layer multiplier has an inlet and an outlet.The profile of entrance and exit, size and orientation can be designed as identical or inequality.Profile is generally rectangle or square, better is that entrance and exit all is the rectangle that long limit (materials flow layer/materials flow channel width direction) is parallel to materials flow layer plane or bed boundary.The height of entrance and exit can be 1nm-100m, better is 1mm-1000mm; Width can be 1nm-100m, better is 10mm-10000mm.The width of entrance and exit and equating highly respectively preferably.The orientation of entrance and exit comprises the direction in its cross section and the direction of layer plane or bed boundary (intersection of cross section, gateway and layer plane or bed boundary).Entrance and exit is generally at identical in-plane, and promptly entrance section is parallel with the outlet; Also can be at any different in-plane, for example one on horizontal plane, one on perpendicular.When outlet took place to be the rotation of axle with the materials flow flow direction with respect to inlet, inlet can have different orientation with the layer plane or the bed boundary in exit, better was to revolve to turn 90 degrees or 180 spend or do not rotate.The outlet of a layer multiplier can directly or by other elements connect with another layer multiplier identical or inequality, and better be that upstream outlet is identical with the orientation that the downstream enters the mouth, promptly there is not the rotation angle in the parallel and bed boundary of two sections at two places.Directly connection can be passed through fixture commonly used such as screw, slot, latch, anchor clamps or method realization.
Layer multiplier be designed to have comprise cut apart, tuning, cross section adjustment and superimposed again function.Cut apart is that the cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth is divided into two strand or multiply branch materials flow with major ingredient stream along bed boundary direction (being materials flow layer width) with the cutting plate that layer multiplier inlet side parallels; Tuning is that each branch's materials flow passage rotates on the different spaces direction or do not stagger rotatably, more gradually near and get up by the bottom surface adjacent stacks with any order, to reach the increase of the materials flow number of plies; The cross section adjustment is cross-sectional profiles and a size of adjusting branch's materials flow passage or major ingredient circulation road (particularly converging the major ingredient circulation road), i.e. shape, width and height; When superimposed again, two or more runner is merged into one and is converged sprue, i.e. branch's materials flow more than two strands or two strands is flowed out the major ingredient that converges that is overlapped into one layer multiplication again and flowed from each runner; Generally speaking, the runner after the cross section adjustment is finished has identical cross-sectional width and parallel side, and the sprue that converges after the cross section adjustment is finished has and identical size and the profile of layer multiplier outlet.
The cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth of the cutting plate that major ingredient stream is cut apart can be placed on a layer multiplier porch, and perhaps, being placed on layer multiplier inlet has a distance.Cutting plate cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth is when layer multiplier porch, and the inlet of layer multiplier is actually a composite inlet that comprises at least two branch inflow entrances.Cutting plate can evenly be placed at interval, but not as limit.Adopt when evenly being provided with at interval, major ingredient stream can be divided into two strands or the materials flow of multiply branch fifty-fifty.Major ingredient can be flowed when adopting unevenly spaced the setting and be divided into two strands or the materials flow of multiply branch unequally, can more help preparing article with diversity layer thickness ratio.Preferably the cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth with cutting plate is positioned over a layer multiplier porch.
The tuning of branch's materials flow passage of layer multiplier can take place with cutting apart simultaneously, also can take place to begin on the certain distance of back cutting apart, preferably with cut apart take place simultaneously and all branch's materials flows are stacked again converge before the optional position finish.The tuning of each runner needn't take place simultaneously or finish simultaneously.During tuning, runner earlier along with respect to former direction waits different directions separately up and down, close gradually again and each runner is piled up on short transverse, the center line on the short transverse of each runner cross section is fallen in the same plane.When piling up, the adjacent sequential of each runner can be arbitrarily.Preferably take to help tuning, help reducing the runner path, help adjusting each runner path than and the stacking order of adjusting its rotation degreeof tortuosity etc.The rotation that runner takes place in the tuning process helps tuning sometimes, helps designing the layer multiplier structure of specific function sometimes.Be 180 when spending for example, have folded situation is taken place that i.e. two branch's materials flows are two stacked converging of bottom surface on same major ingredient stream bottom surface originally as the anglec of rotation difference of adjacent two runners.In this case, when utilization has initial materials flow that two different materials form when carrying out layer multiplication operation, the boundary layer of composite stream will be same material composition forever.Stacked the converging of part branch materials flow passage can take place in the tuning process, merge into bigger branch's materials flow passage, for example when four runners, wherein any two or three can take place earlier stacked converging, and continue then and two remaining or stacked again converging.Finished when all runners and to have converged, when perhaps the cross-section center of these runners position spatially no longer changes, be defined as branch's materials flow passage tuning and finish.
The length of each branch's materials flow passage of layer multiplier can be designed as identical or inequality.The path that identical runner length can make materials flow flow through in the middle of layer multiplier is identical, helps preparing rule, stable sandwich construction.Runner length inequality can make each branch's materials flow arrive the asynchronism(-nization) of outlet, produces various special sandwich constructions.
The inlet of each branch's materials flow passage of layer multiplier can be identical or inequality with the outlet size, and the cross-sectional profiles at any place can be an arbitrary shape between inlet and the outlet, generally be rectangle or square, and the cross-sectional area at any place is compared not too big change with this runner exit area, better be between 50%-200%, better, preferably identical at 60%-150%.
Branch's materials flow passage of layer multiplier and any conduit wall in the major ingredient circulation road are designed to curved surface, can be continuous or discontinuous smooth surface or unsmooth curved surface, preferably continuous smooth surface, to guarantee above-mentioned requirement to cross-sectional profiles in the runner and area, satisfy branch's materials flow smooth flow in the middle of flow process, not by excess compression or distortion etc.Guarantee that simultaneously each runner spatially staggers, do not interfere with each other, preferably accomplish distortion rotation within reason.Each runner generally is not parallel to each other, and can partial parallel be arranged before tuning begins and after finishing and a place or many places when superimposed.
The cross section adjustment of each branch's materials flow passage and major ingredient circulation road comprises expansion, width or the contraction highly etc. of change, width or the height of profile in the layer multiplier, the most important thing is the expansion of width and the contraction of height, diminish because compare generally before the individual layer thickness in the stratiform materials flow of layer multiplication back and the layer multiplication.The adjustment of runner cross section be for tuning smoothly, and for identical width and suitable height are arranged when each runner converges.The cross section adjustment of sprue is for layer multiplier suitable outlet profile and size to be arranged.The adjustment of runner cross section generally follows tuning to carry out, for the smooth cross section of tuning can be adjusted arbitrarily, for example can highly expand earlier and shrinkage in width, and then width expansion and high shrinkage, but being not prerequisite by hyper expanded, compression or distortion.The adjustment of each runner cross section can take place simultaneously or not simultaneously, can each runner is stacked again merge into a sprue before any place begin, and can each runner is stacked again converge before or finish simultaneously.The cross section of sprue can not adjusted, and perhaps its adjustment can be when each runner converges or begins afterwards, and in layer multiplier exit or the outlet upstream finish.Therefore in order to reach suitable layer multiplier outlet profile and size, expansion of materials flow width of channel and high shrinkage can some or all ofly occur in branch's materials flow passage, in the perhaps some or all of major ingredient circulation road that occurs in after converging, promptly part occurs in runner and occurs in the sprue or all occur in runner or the sprue inner the branch.Preferably begin width expansion and high shrinkage by tuning and after piling up on the short transverse at each runner, and better be that width expansion and high shrinkage are carried out simultaneously, and when all runners converge, finish or begin, promptly all occur in runner or the sprue.Runner stacked again converges and converges similar with feed steam stacked in the feed head.Each runner can converge in outlet of layer multiplier or layer multiplier, is preferably in a layer multiplier exit and converges, to shorten the length of layer multiplier.When runner converged in layer multiplier exit, the outlet of layer multiplier was a compound outlet.Width expansion and thickness contraction can be symmetry or asymmetric, can be uniform or uneven, can be continuous or discontinuous.Better be continuous symmetrically and evenly, help keeping layer stability of structure.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 provide the structural representation of a dual and triple layer multiplier respectively.In these two kinds of structures, the cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth of cutting plate is in layer multiplier porch, tuning takes place with cutting apart simultaneously, each runner staggered earlier to more again near and on short transverse, have anglec of rotation difference ground not pile up, be merged into a sprue then, the width expansion and the high shrinkage of carrying out Symmetrical Continuous in the time of merging export until finishing in layer multiplier.The conduit wall of runner is the sectional plan formation in these two kinds of structures, and the place that the plane combines with the plane has lofty, so the conduit wall here is rough curved surface.Fig. 6 provides this two end to end situations of layer multiplier, and the outlet of upstream double layers multiplier is all identical with size with the downstream layer multiplier inlet profile that is attached thereto as can be seen.Fig. 7 provides one binary stratiform materials flow (containing the initial materials flow that two materials are formed) situation schematic diagram that layer multiplication operated during dual and triple layer multiplier combination by.As shown in Figure 7, the double-deck major ingredient stream of initial binary is divided into branch's materials flow that two strands of average width reduce by half in first double layers multiplier porch, branch's materials flow becomes the compound major ingredient stream that layer is multiplied to four layers by tuning, width expansion and high shrinkage and after stacked again converging; This compound major ingredient stream of four layers is as the initial materials flow of downstream triple layer multiplier, being slit into width in triple layer multiplier porch by average mark is that original 1/3rd three stocks prop up materials flow, by tuning, width expansion and high shrinkage and after stacked again converging, become the compound major ingredient stream that layer is multiplied to 12 layers; This compound major ingredient stream can be continued layer multiplication and be gone down, if necessary.The structure of other layers multiplier is not drawn in this manual, is smooth surface such as conduit wall, and this should be more favourable to a maintenance layer stability of structure.Can easily from the description of specification, understand various structures the veteran technical staff in this field, and realize processing and manufacturing effectively device.
Layer multiplier spatially can take any suitable manner to place, generally can take to be connected in parallel and (comprise two kinds: 1, (side is adjacent), 2, up and down (base is adjacent)), in (head and the tail adjacent (outlet of upstream links to each other with the inlet in downstream)) the three kinds of modes that are connected in series one or more carry out the permutation and combination placement on one dimension or hyperspace, between each layer multiplier mutual orientation and displacement can be arranged, promptly can alinement or certain curve, and can spatially stagger.When having only when arranged in a straight line, the adjacent permutation and combination in the left and right sides is embarked on journey (shown in Fig. 8-1), and neighbouring permutation and combination becomes row (shown in Fig. 8-2), joins end to end and lines up string (shown in Fig. 8-3).General head and the tail connect and all are arranged in a straight line, about except alinement, can also be arranged in closed or inc curve up and down, closed curve can be called one and enclose (shown in Fig. 8-4), inc curve is called one (shown in Fig. 8-5).So can regard the combination of layer multiplier in the array as, (direction is extruded in materials flow) can have one deck or the combination of multilayer layer multiplier on the string direction, each layer contains delegation, row, many row, many row, many ranks, a circle, many circles or many and many individual rearranging.A kind of special circumstances are to have only a string, delegation, row, a circle or a layer multiplier combination in the array.The most special situation is to have only a layer multiplier in the array.The array of the layer multiplier that these are arranged in a combination can be used as a layer multiplication portion module, this module can so that identical or inequality with other layer multiplication portion module continue the layer multiplication portion module array of permutation and combination Cheng Gengda, and can continue permutation and combination and go down, as long as be necessary and conditions permit.So layer multiplication portion is the module that contains at least one layer multiplier unit.When a plurality of layers of multiplier are spatially placed, order and position between the different layer multipliers can be arbitrarily, for example when about in the of one, about or the combination that connects of head and the tail straight line have one dual, one triple, one 4 heavy, one 5 heavily during totally four layer multipliers, 24 kinds of arrangement modes can be arranged, to these 24 kinds of arrangement modes of head and the tail connected mode is equivalent, but to up and down and these 24 kinds of arrangement modes of left and right sides connected mode then may inequivalence.The length of each layer multiplier can also be different, like this diversity more again such as the mode of permutation and combination and space placement.So it is the layer multiplication ability of layer multiplication portion module is not only relevant with the kind and the quantity of layer multiplier, also relevant with the connection or the structure of placed adjacent mode and layer multiplier on the space.This species diversity advantage of the present utility model just place.
When the layer multiplier in the layer multiplier combination array only adjacent when stringing with head and the tail, materials flow by the combination of layer multiplier after, no matter last layer multiplier outlet orientation is how, it is 2 that the number of plies is added to original multiple
M2* 3
M3* 4
M4* ... * n
Mn, wherein exponent m 2, m3, and m4 ..., mn be respectively dual, triple, the quadruple extruding on the direction to be adopted in materials flow ..., the quantity of n double-layer multiplier.When having only row and last outlet and initial inlet, the layer multiplier in the array be orientated when identical, after materials flow is made up by layer multiplier, it is 2 * m2+3 * m3+4 * m4+...+n * mn that the number of plies is added to original multiple, m2 wherein, m3, m4 ... mn be respectively dual, triple, the quadruple extruding on the direction to be adopted in materials flow ..., the quantity of n double-layer multiplier; Outlet at last is parallel with initial inlet and do not have displacement but during rotating orthogonal, the multiple difference of zones of different tegillum multiplication, and each zone tegillum is multiplied to the layer multiplication factor of its corresponding single layer of multiplier, and promptly 2,3,4 or n; When last outlet when being inequality also non-orthogonal, situation more complicated, but still can carry out computational analysis according to actual conditions with initial inlet orientation.When the layer multiplier in the array has only delegation and last outlet identical with initial inlet orientation, the multiple difference of zones of different tegillum multiplication, each zone tegillum is multiplied to the layer multiplication factor of its corresponding single layer of multiplier, and promptly 2,3,4 or n; Parallel with initial inlet and do not have displacement but during rotating orthogonal when last outlet, it is 2 * m2+3 * m3+4 * m4+...+n * mn that the number of plies is added to original multiple, m2 wherein, m3, m4,, mn be respectively dual, triple, the quadruple extruding on the direction to be adopted in materials flow ..., the quantity of n double-layer multiplier; When last outlet and initial inlet orientation are both inequality also non-orthogonal, the situation more complicated, but also still can carry out computational analysis according to actual conditions.When array contains many row, many row and many strings or many circles, many and many strings, and when multiple orientation is arranged, generally also can correspondingly carry out computational analysis.Utilize dual above layer multiplier, reaching same number of layers can reduce the time of staying of material in preparation facilities with layer multiplier quantity still less, and multilayer material is more successfully extruded smoothly.
Connect combination in the multiplication portion of ordinary circumstance lower floor between the different layers multiplier on cephalocaudal direction in any order, the outlet of upstream layer multiplier directly links to each other with the inlet of downstream layer multiplier.The kind of layer multiplier and quantity are according to the physicochemical properties that need material processed, and for example fusing point, viscosity, stability, reactivity, profile, size etc. are selected.When particulate samples is added man-hour, the full-size that is not less than with the thickness of individual layer on certain direction of particle is advisable.
Should at least one inlet and at least one outlet can be arranged by the layer multiplication portion that at least one layer multiplier constitutes, preferably have only an inlet and an outlet.Its entrance section area, profile and orientation can be identical or inequality with its exit area, profile and orientation, and be preferably identical.Profile is generally rectangle or square, better is that entrance and exit all is the rectangle that long limit (materials flow layer/materials flow channel width direction) is parallel to materials flow layer plane or bed boundary.The height of entrance and exit can be 1nm-100m, better is 1mm-1000mm; Width can be 1nm-100m, better is 10mm-10000mm.The width of entrance and exit and equating highly respectively preferably.The entrance and exit of layer multiplication portion is the entrance and exit of its interior layer multiplier unit not necessarily.
Extruder head can be annular also can be pancake, can be that what to fix also can be the device with adjustable outlet.Fixing extruder head generally requires its cross section size at any place that enters the mouth between the outlet to compare with inlet between 1% to 500%, better is at 10%-200%, and is preferably identical.Extruder head with adjustable outlet generally requires the cross section size at any place between the inlet of its adjustable die lip that enters the mouth to compare between 1% to 500% with the extruder head inlet, more preferably is at 10%-200%, and is preferably identical.The transition that extruder head enters the mouth between the inlet of its outlet or adjustable die lip can be continuous or discontinuous, can be symmetry or asymmetric, symmetry continuously preferably.Two kinds of typical extruder heads all have the transition of continuous symmetry shown in Fig. 9-1 and 9-2, but the cross section among Fig. 9-1 is non-constant, the constant cross-section among Fig. 9-2.Being used to regulate the big or small particularly adjustable die lip of height of extruder head outlet can have a variety of designs, and a typical structure is shown in Fig. 9-3.This adjustable die lip has two wedge shape lip sheets, and the axle that can center on respectively separately rotates, to reach the effect that adjusts open height neatly.Other special extruder heads also can be used.
Except feeder described above, feed head, contain layer multiplication portion and the extruder head of at least one layer multiplier unit, can also select other specific devices as required, as measuring pump, current divider etc.Each is installed all modularization settings, can adopt modular combination so this is used to produce the preparation facilities for preparing multilayer material.Each module is random dismounting and change all, and each module is in charge of different functions.The exit area of up-stream module, profile and orientation can be identical or inequality with area of section, profile and the orientation of the inlet of downstream module, and be preferably identical.If inequality, then set middleware in addition, connect corresponding module.The joint interface of each module is generally all in level or on perpendicular to horizontal direction, be preferably in perpendicular to horizontal direction (being vertical direction) go up and the center at each interface point-blank.
Each module itself can adopt multiple material manufacturing to form in this multilayer material preparation facilities, this material can be metal material, macromolecule polymer material, organic material, inorganic material nonmetallic materials etc. wherein one or more.The manufactured materials difference that adopts, the multilayer material preparation facilities of manufacturing is applicable to the preparation processing of different materials.For example utilize the metal material manufacturing, then technical maturity is processed simply, and one mounting arrangement between mounting can be widely used in processes multiple material; The employing ceramic material is made, and then technology meeting more complicated has corrosive product but the gained device can be used for preparing raw material.
This preparation facilities can be in order to the preparation multilayer material, and these materials comprise macromolecular material, organic material, metal material, Inorganic Non-metallic Materials etc. and one or more compounds or mixture.Various additives and auxiliary agent etc. also can amount on demand add under the situation of needs.
In preparation process, the Controllable Temperature of each module is between-200 degrees centigrade to 3000 degrees centigrade, preferably at-50 degree between 500 degree, with the building material of assurance device obvious distortion or structural change and required material processed not taking place or not rotten and help being processed as suitable.
Material through layer multiplication or stacked mixing, compound after, by being connected in layer extruder head discharging in multiplication portion outlet downstream; Be prepared into the material of various films and sheet, tabular or other shapes, and can carry out back processing etc.
Embodiment one
The multilayer material extrusion device of present embodiment has structure as shown in Figure 1, it comprises three extruders, as shown in Figure 2 the feed head of having that connects three extruders contains the layer multiplication portion of four layer multipliers and the extruder head shown in Fig. 9-1.One of double layers multiplier is contained in its middle level multiplication portion, two of triple layer multipliers, and 1 of quadruple-layer multiplier is to be connected in series.Layer multiplier unit in this layer multiplication portion all has as Fig. 4 to structure shown in Figure 6, and branch's materials flow passage is evenly distributed, and does not have the anglec of rotation poor when piling up again, begins major ingredient stream is carried out the width expansion and the high shrinkage of Symmetrical Continuous when converging.When being made of the initial materials flow that merges into three kinds of different materials by after this layer multiplication portion, the number of plies is added to 2 * 3 * 3 original * 4=72 doubly, reaches 216 layers.
Embodiment two
Present embodiment and embodiment one difference are: structure, kind and the quantity of the layer multiplier of the number of channels of feed head and composition layer multiplication portion.In the present embodiment, branch's materials flow passage of feed head has only two, is applicable to two bursts of identical or the stacked of feed steam inequality are converged.Contain a wedge shape separator (seeing also Fig. 3) in the feed head, can regulate the thickness ratio of two feed steam.Its middle level multiplication portion is formed by 4 quadruple-layer multiplier tandem compounds.4 layer multipliers all have four branch's materials flow passages that inlet is identical, and the conduit wall of each branch's materials flow passage is smooth continuous cambered surface.Each branch's materials flow passage converges in layer multiplier exit, and finishes the cross section adjustment herein.When form by two kinds of different materials the initial materials flow that merges into by layer multiplication portion after the number of plies can be added to original 256 times, the number of plies reaches 512 layers, and is extruded into flaky material by the fixedly extruder head with constant cross-section shown in a Fig. 9-2.
Embodiment three
Present embodiment is used for explanation and utilizes embodiment one disclosed multilayer material preparation facilities to prepare ternary layer high molecule material.Three kinds of different macromolecular material PC (Merlon), PMMA (polymethacrylates), PS (polystyrene) press PC/PMMA/PS, PC/PS/PMMA, three kinds of different lamination order chargings of PS/PC/PMMA.Extrusion device each several part temperature is set, the extruder rotating speed is set, extrude then,, can make and have three kinds of 216 layers of ternary multilayered film materials with different table surface layer from the adjustable exit traction cooling of extruder head.
Embodiment four
Present embodiment is used for illustrating and utilizes the multilayer material preparation facilities that is similar to embodiment one to prepare the multilayer cake.Used device is similar to embodiment one, but layer multiplication portion has only a quadruple-layer multiplier, and does not connect extruder head.Three kinds of different cake raw materials pre-assigned and that adjust viscosity are transported to the feed head with extruder, converge the back and directly collect by layer multiplication portion layer multiplication back.Be prepared into cake after the baking with 12 layers of alternating structure.
Embodiment five
Present embodiment is used for explanation and utilizes embodiment two disclosed multilayer material preparation facilities to prepare the PP/PS thin-film material.Set each module temperature, extruder rotating speed and measuring pump are set live material speed, extrude then, the adjustable exit traction cooling from extruder head can make the binary multilayered film material with 512 layers.Extruder head goes out open height and is set to 1 millimeter, and then the monolayer material thickness of gained film only is about 2 microns.
The above, it only is the utility model preferred embodiment, so can not limit the scope that the utility model is implemented with this, i.e. the equivalence of doing according to the utility model claim and description changes and modifies, and all should still belong in the scope that the utility model patent contains.
Claims (18)
1. multilayer material preparation facilities, it is characterized in that: it comprises:
At least two feeders that feed steam can be provided;
One in order to the stacked feed head that converges at least two bursts of feed steam, and it has the charging branch materials flow passage with number such as feed steam;
One layer multiplication portion in order to the stacked materials flow layer that doubles, it comprises, and at least one can be cut apart, tuning, cross section adjustment and the stacked again layer multiplier that converges the materials flow layer; Wherein, this layer multiplier comprises at least two branch's materials flow passages, and this branch's materials flow passage has branch inflow entrance and shunting outlet, those minutes inflow entrance arrange along materials flow layer width, those shunting outlets are arranged along materials flow layer height direction; And
An extruder head, it is connected layer multiplication subordinate trip.
2. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this feed head has fixing materials flow passage.
3. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this feed head has the materials flow passage of adjustable size.
4. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: those layers multiplier is connected in series.
5. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: those layers multiplier is connected in parallel together.
6. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the connection in series-parallel of those layers multiplier links together.
7. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the face crosswise of branch's materials flow passage of those layers multiplier is adjusted gradually from minute inflow entrance to shunting outlet, wherein, in those runners the cross-sectional area at any place with its minute inflow entrance compare at 60%-150%.
8. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 4 is characterized in that: those layers multiplier comprises that also one begins to carry out the cross section adjustment of Symmetrical Continuous and end to converge the major ingredient circulation road in layer multiplier when branch's materials flow passage converges.
9. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 4 is characterized in that: those layers multiplier comprises also that a cross section that begins to carry out Symmetrical Continuous when branch's materials flow passage converges is adjusted to that layer multiplier outlet finish converges the major ingredient circulation road.
10. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: branch's materials flow passage of those layers multiplier is for carrying out the cross section adjustment of Symmetrical Continuous simultaneously after piling up again and meeting at the interior branch's materials flow passage of layer multiplier, and, this layer multiplier also comprise one no longer carry out the cross section adjustment converge the major ingredient circulation road.
11. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 4 is characterized in that: branch's materials flow passage of those layers multiplier is for carrying out the cross section adjustment of Symmetrical Continuous simultaneously after piling up again and meeting at layer branch's materials flow passage of multiplier outlet.
12. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 4 is characterized in that: all be provided with cutting plate between this every adjacent branch inflow entrance, those cutting plate cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouths are vertical with the materials flow bed boundary, and those cutting plates evenly are provided with at interval.
13. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 4 is characterized in that: all be provided with cutting plate between this every adjacent branch inflow entrance, those cutting plate cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouths are vertical with the materials flow bed boundary, and the unevenly spaced setting of those cutting plates.
14. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 4 is characterized in that: those runners are staggered up and down.
15. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Symmetrical Continuous ground transition between this extruder head enters the mouth to and exports.
16. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 15 is characterized in that: the cross section size at any place is compared at 10%-200% with its inlet in this extruder head.
17. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this extruder head contains the outlet of adjustment height, the extruder head Symmetrical Continuous ground transition between the adjustable die lip inlet that enters the mouth.
18. a kind of multilayer material preparation facilities according to claim 17 is characterized in that: this extruder head cross section size at any place that enters the mouth between the adjustable die lip inlet is compared at 10%-200% with its inlet.
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| CN102490338A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-06-13 | 广东轻工职业技术学院 | Forced extrusion apparatus and method for micro-nano structure control of multiple high-molecular composite material |
| CN103003049A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2013-03-27 | 可乐丽股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method for multi-layered body, manufacturing equipment for same, and multi-layered body |
| CN103180244A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2013-06-26 | 英派尔科技开发有限公司 | Exfoliation of graphene by multilayer coextrusion |
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| CN113306116A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-27 | 常州富烯科技股份有限公司 | Orientation control element and forming device |
| EP4635713A1 (en) | 2024-04-11 | 2025-10-22 | Pietro Mario Lepori | Layer multiplication system for multilayer tubular film extrusion system |
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Effective date of registration: 20180724 Address after: 363000 block D, 15 floor, Garden Mansion, Yanan North Road, Zhangzhou, Fujian. Patentee after: Weng Wengui Address before: 361000 Xiamen, Fujian torch high tech Zone (Xiangan) Industrial Zone incubation center two phase A building 903, 905 room Patentee before: XIAMEN SINOPEG BIOTECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20181009 Address after: 361000 1, building five, five Qishan North Road, 770 Huli District, Xiamen, Fujian. Patentee after: Xiamen iron cloth Mstar Technology Ltd Address before: 363000 block D, 15 floor, Garden Mansion, Yanan North Road, Zhangzhou, Fujian. Patentee before: Weng Wengui |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20090930 |