CN201309929Y - Photobioreactor - Google Patents

Abstract

A photobioreactor comprises a tubular reactor group including tubular body arranged in a terrace form, wherein the tubular body is a closed tubular enveloping space formed by an upper section and a lower arc-shaped section, and includes a transparent section and an air permeable section. The photobioreactor has the advantages of low operation cost, circular operation, allowance of infinite extension, simple and feasible manufacture, installation, operation, replacement and maintenance, full use of renewable resources, such as terrestrial heat, greatly reduced operation cost, controllable algae culture, greatly improved algae culture efficiency, and no waste generated in the production process.

Description

Bioreactor

Technical field

The utility model has related to a kind of system and equipment of substratum, and is definite, for the substratum growth, is used for biofuel, the bioreactor of the algae culture base of pharmacy and food industries.

Background technology

With the economic growth in west and Asia, the world is to being that the dependency of product of raw material is also more and more stronger with the oil.On the other side, the exploitation of new oil reserve is to a metastable stage, and expectation will reduce in coming few decades.In addition, the carbonaceous gas of coal-fired burning and exhausting is just causing the variation of weather, has also caused increasing concern.

This situation has stimulated biofuel, a kind of flourishing demand of the derivative from organism such as rape and the produced oil of wheat.Yet, these biofuel sources, be that means by a kind of relative poor efficiency of producing this organism realize, and require the production that the arable land that is used for producing grain originally forwards non-grain variety production to or transfers to the alimentary crop that can produce fuel is come.

Therefore, the method for the another kind of production of searching biofuel is extremely urgent.It is found that the algae of some type can produce a kind of organism of floorboard with high oil content.These algae grows speed have surpassed the speed of growth of traditional biofuel crop widely.The algae of these types is defined as little algae to distinguish other large-scale algae, as the huge algae of sea grass and so on.Following table has provided the comparison of the oil pump capacity of different biofuel crops:

The biofuel source	Oil pump capacity (hl.km -2/ year; Gallon/acre (made in U.S.A))	Remarks
			Corn	138(15)
Soybean	443(48)
			Safflower	756(83)
Sunflower Receptacle	912(102)
			Semen Brassicae campestris	1173(127)
Jatrophine	1866(202)
			Coconut	2649(287)
Oil palm	5863(635)
			Little algae	17080(1850)	Depend on actual organism output
Little algae	92327(10000)	Theoretical laboratory throughput

The advantage of extracting biofuel from algae comprises the high yield of rate of increase fast and every acre.Simultaneously, algae bio fuel is sulfur-bearing not, does not contain toxicity, but also has the biological degradability of height.The algae of some kind is owing to their floorboard with high oil content, and the oleaginousness of some algae kind is suitable for the production of biofuel near 40% very much.

Except selected nutritive ingredient, algae grows is the same with many plant species, needs three underlying conditions: sunlight, carbonic acid gas and water.Photosynthesis is an important biological process, in this course, plant, algae and some bacteriums are able to luminous energy is converted into chemical energy.Little algae contains can be used as film component, the lipid of storage products, metabolite and energy sources, lipid acid, and by weight, its lipid/grease accounts for 2% to 40% greatly.

The potentiality that algae produces biofuel are the object of a large amount of research project in the past always.A plan is arranged because of its outstanding comprehensive showing one's talent, Here it is in the period of 1978 to 1996 by the branch fuel exploitation department investment of USDOE, " water biological species plan (ASP) " that American National renewable energy source laboratory (NREL) is leading.The center of gravity of this plan is to investigate the purpose that can aim at the scale operation biofuel and the high oily algae of planting.It is that the algae of investigating the quick growth of what use is made of inhales the carbon that gathers from the carbonic acid gas of coal-burning power plant's discharging that research project begins most.Algae is used for controlling waste water in experiment, finds that it is a good raw material of producing biogas, although can produce more biogas for the mud of their growths.Yet when it should be noted that some algae has very high oleaginousness, the emphasis of plan is just transferred to another target-production biofuel from the plantation algae.The algae of some kind because of floorboard with high oil content (10%～40%, depend on many factors) with and the quick speed of growth under laboratory condition be considered to be fit to very much the production of biofuel.

ASP plan advocates breeding algae in pond and the irrigation canals and ditches in the open with paddle wheel stir culture base, because the most cost-effective way of this to be the relatively low cost of usefulness of generally acknowledging produce on a large scale organism.In addition, open-air pond can be positioned at remote districts, and the agricultural based on grain-production there can not suffer damage.

The ASP plan has met with many technology barriers, and As time goes on the algae of the high oil mass that a most important realistic problem is open-air pond is easy to be replaced by the local algae of aggressive low oil mass.Therefore, the oil pump capacity under laboratory condition shown in Figure 24 can't realize and keep during condition on the spot.Pond and sewerage also are not suitable for controlling and optimizing the environment of the luxuriant breeding of these high oily algaes energy equally, in the open.Therefore, though pond and sewerage is planted the imagination of high oily algae and practice is very attractive and will be the theme of the research project that will carry out of many companies is in the open proving at present problem the more.

In order to eliminate the problems of open-air pond breeding frond, in the past few years in, several companies issue press release with regard to the technology of extracting biofuel from algae that they develop.Wherein most projects relate to the bioreactor that uses sealing.In this enclosed reaction vessel, frond is a food with carbonic acid gas and nutritive element, grows in an in check environment.Although it might be for the potentiality of pharmacy and foodstuffs industry generation biofuel and high value-added product be very big, the algae bio technical progress is slow relatively.Main restricting factor is to lack effectively, low cost, large-scale culture technique.In addition, the make a living production of little algae organism of the derived product that produces thing fuel need be bred the high oily algae of monoculture usually.This requirement impels the bioreactor of more and more emphasizing to develop those sealings.

As shown in Figure 1, this is existing typical airlift photobioreactor, and reactor 10 at first comprises a vertical tubing string 12 that constitutes with transparent or semitransparent material, and the vertical tubing string 14 of another root is positioned at vertical tubing string 12, both ends open generally is made of opaque material.There is spacing at the two ends of vertical tubing string 14 and the two ends of corresponding vertical tubing string 12.Reactor 10 includes the solution 16 of the micro-algae culture medium 18 that suspending.Light source casts oblique rays on reactor 10 by the direction of diagram 20, and in vertical the tubing string 12 inner and vertical tubing strings 14 outside a slice light districts 22 that form, solution 16 goes to accept illumination at this; Covering of opaque material at the inner because vertical tubing string of vertical tubing string 14 14 itself form a dark space 24.First opening 27 of jet pipe 26 is positioned at the bottom of reactor 10, under vertical tubing string 14 bottom end openings.The gaseous mixture of oxygen, nitrogen and carbonic acid gas imports solution 16 through jet pipe 26.The bubble that gaseous mixture produces rises in the inside of vertical tubing string 14 and flows, and impels liquid to flow to light district 22 and be back to dark space 24 again by flowing to from the dark space 24 shown in 28.The mobile substratum 18 of little algae that allows of liquid is experiencing illumination and dark replacing, and this helps their growth.

The modal algae reproduction bioreactor that is used for is vertical jet-propelled reactor, according to they simple relatively structural forms, air lift type is arranged, bubble pillar and flat.Yet also there is the problem of self in these systems.Bioreactor, the cost of especially large-scale reactor mean that the productivity of having only the successive heavy body just can allow these potential schemes feasible economically.Aspect the density that improves organism, compare open-air pool technology, be bioreactor development impellent behind, but desire have a contradiction with the size of dwindling culture systems always.This means that the little algae of reactor in must supporting to breed has light utilization efficiency and dietetic alimentation rate efficiently.In like this illumination being had very strong dependent high-density cells substratum, because photoabsorption and intercellularly cover the unbalanced frequent generation of illumination mutually.Therefore, organism must continue to mix to reach the best speed of growth.Equally, cell must touch nutrient source, particularly carbonic acid gas, thereby realizes fat output.

Jet-propelled bioreactor such as bubble post and flat shearing action are for mixed gas, and heat radiation and large-scale light conduction are necessary, and its importance increases with the lifting of equipment scale.Yet the over-drastic shearing can cause the cell growth impaired, primary cellular defect even death.The necrocytosis that causes because of shear-stress once had been considered to be in the key issue (Vandanjonet al.2000) of cultivating little algae in the reactor.At this on the one hand, researchers are consistent to reach common understanding: little algae is very sensitive to shearing in essence, and this can explain relatively low productivity in the microalgae culture system and relatively low growth velocity.

Because being used for the open-air cell system of algae culture has run into such as the problem of polluting and lack enough environment control, the use of bioreactor has then similarly met with the difficult problem of cost benefit and technology barriers, and these problems have limited the persistence production of high-density frond.These two routine techniquess perhaps require higher relatively soil cost or requirement and the higher corresponding higher installation costs of operation cost.For these reasons, conventional art can not be to greatest extent and is used for extensive algae effectively and produces.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to cultivate the deficiency that exists at the above little algae, provides a kind of cost low; Allow infinite expanding, and make, install, operate, change and safeguard all bioreactors of simple and feasible.

The utility model is achieved in that bioreactor comprises a piped set of reactors, and set of reactors is that piped main body terraced fields interactive mode is provided with formation; Main body is formed the tubulose envelope space of a sealing together by position, upper strata and lower floor's arc part, includes transparent position and ventilative position on the main body.Illumination can see through transparent position and enter agent structure to allow the cultivation seed that includes carry out photosynthesis, ventilative position is for convenience of the water molecules that produces in the photosynthesis process and oxygen molecule is escaped and the transpiration of substratum, the air pressure and the atmospheric air pressure of body interior are kept in balance, ventilative position allows that also carbonic acid gas escapes into agent structure inside simultaneously, uses to promote to cultivate the growth of seed for substratum.Main body is made of plastic material, adapt to the envelope space of passing through and admit seed culture and substratum; The groove of the tubulose envelope space bottom of main body can be used to keep the seed and the substratum of aforementioned cultivation.

The position, upper strata of described main body is the inverted v-shaped structure, and top section is at the place, summit at position, inverted v-shaped upper strata, and first edge of two overlap joints, second edge lay respectively at the lower floor of inverted v-shaped; Arc part is provided with article one limit and second limit, couples together with first edge at the position, upper strata of inverted v-shaped and second edge overlap joint respectively and forms the seal boot packaging container with chamber, hole.The chamber, hole is used for admitting seed culture and substratum.

Described set of reactors includes transfer valve and delivery valve, and transfer valve closes on the upper port of set of reactors, and transfer valve comprises the valve of complete closed, and valve connects a pump or a constricting nozzle device; The lower port of the contiguous set of reactors of delivery valve.Transfer valve allows seed and the substratum cultivated enter the chamber, hole; Delivery valve can extract seed and the substratum of cultivating from the inside of reactor; Set of reactors upper port and lower port, the seed of cultivation and substratum can pump into set of reactors by the transfer valve of upper port; In use, the residing position of upper port is than the height of lower port.

Described set of reactors includes the gas gatherer; The gas gatherer can be a gas-permeable pipe, is positioned at the bottom, chamber, hole of body interior; The gas-permeable pipe is connected with outside supply pipe, is provided with variable valve between gas-permeable pipe and the outside supply pipe.The gas gatherer can be introduced gas in the reactor, thus the concentration of adjustments of gas more accurately, concentration of carbon dioxide for example, and avoid ventilative position absorbing carbon dioxide from atmosphere by main body.Regulation and control to different concns can allow the speed of growth of seed culture controlled.Outside supply pipe is one and is adorning the container that can promote photosynthetic gas (as carbonic acid gas) in reactor.The gas-permeable pipe just in time is positioned at the chamber, hole, and permeability cell just can be surrounded by the seed of substratum and cultivation like this.Variable valve can be used for regulating the speed to the body interior air feed in use.

The below of described arc part is provided with secondary layer, and secondary layer is connected with the bottom of arc part, forms chamber, a secondary hole between arc part and the secondary layer.The bottom is introduced chamber, a secondary hole and has been considered another kind with gas, as carbonic acid gas, imports the method that body interior promotes that photosynthesis carries out, to provide the algae kind required suitable saturation ratio.

Described set of reactors is provided with reverberator, and reverberator has concave, is installed in the position that makes the focus of light just in time be positioned at the chamber, hole of main body.Reverberator can adjoin main body, can reflect extra light, illumination is locked on the seed and substratum of cultivation, promotes photosynthetic carrying out.Reverberator is concave, and its position should make its focus just in time be positioned at the chamber, hole of main body.The use of the optical reflector of concave shape can increase the illumination density that enters reactor.

The top of main body comprises the additional outstanding position that at least one is main.This position can be regulated to connect main maintenance equipment.Can understand like this, this main outstanding position may be received with the main body casting, perhaps constitutes with certain some on overlapping main body top.The lower body part of front indication comprises at least one secondary additional outstanding position, and this position can be regulated to connect accessory maintenance equipment.

Described set of reactors has the outstanding wing formula wake turbulence device that significantly extends along the longitudinal length of set of reactors of little resistance device person of mixing that is positioned at main body arc part interior wall at least, this little resistance device or wing formula wake turbulence device can disturb the seed of cultivation and flowing of substratum, help their mixing when flowing through reactor.The baffle plate longitudinally that this prodger has a longitudinal length along reactor significantly to extend, a chock and a tabula rasa that is positioned at the chamber, hole.Tabula rasa can improve the illumination patterns in the reactor by the balanced scattering of the light on the plate.

Be provided with tabula rasa in the described set of reactors, main body top extends to the bottom, is distributed with a large amount of etch-holes on the tabula rasa.Tabula rasa scatters to inside reactor with light in the isostatic mode, and the balanced scattering of light improves the illumination patterns in the reactor.Etch-hole scatters to inside reactor with light in the isostatic mode.Tabula rasa is made up of Acrylite or resin glass.During use, the idle end of the quilt of tabula rasa be transformed into can mixed culture seed and the shape of substratum, immerse and comprise in the solution of substratum.

At least contain a light-blocking member on the described set of reactors, light-blocking member is connected with main body is outside.Be made of opaque material, light-blocking member can be worked as and facilitated illumination and dark circulation when the seed cultivated and substratum run in the guide in the reactor.Cultivate seed and substratum and when the transparent wall of reactor partly flows, form daily periodicity; The part that is covered by light-blocking member at reactor forms the cycle at night when flowing.

Itself can have interactively transparent part and opaque section the main body of described set of reactors.The transparent part of the main body of bioreactor comprises that a light filtering layer enters in the reactor to prevent special wavelength light.Use the selective light strainer can prevent photosynthetic ultraviolet ray or the infrared rays intrusion of carrying out in the obvious inhibited reaction device at the transparent position of reactor.

Described bioreactor contains a heat exchanger that is connected with main body, and heat exchanger is connected with ground return circuit by earth source heat pump, and heat exchanger is connected with set of reactors.Heat exchanger can be regulated the temperature of main intravital substratum.The use heat exchanger can be accurate, efficiently and sterilely regulates the temperature of substratum, influences the photosynthesis process.Reactor body is provided with a pipeline, and the vertical chamber, hole that extends into main body links to each other with heat exchanger.This root pipeline can filter, and allows substratum stop the cultivation seed to pass through via this root pipeline by culture medium solution.Use the filtration means to stop the seed of cultivating to mean to have only substratum in heat exchanger, to be heated, get back to the inside of reactor body then by heat exchanger.

Described bioreactor also comprises the mixing equipment that case, nutrition case, abacterial water tank, a cover link to each other with abacterial water tank with the nutrition case that stores of cultivating seed; Store the bioreactor that case links to each other with cultivating seed, first end that has reacted also links to each other with aforementioned mixing equipment; The other end of bio-reactor connects the harvesting station, like this in the use: mixing equipment can mix a large amount of from the nutrition case nutritive substance and from the sterilized water of abacterial water tank, composition culture medium solution.Cultivate storing case and can providing a large amount of cultivation seed and culture solution for reactor of seed, and a large amount of organism that bio-reactor is produced can be received and kept in the harvesting station with mixing equipment.

The utility model has also comprised a pump between mixing equipment and reactor, and it can pump into substratum in the reactor from mixing equipment.Comprised one in addition and stored pump between case and the reactor at seed, it just seed pump in the reactor from storing case.Set of reactors is preferably tilting, and first end is than the second end height.This difference in height between the bioreactor two ends flows the seed and the culture medium solution that include in reactor under the effect of gravity.Many support bars are connected with set of reactors, and the maintenance equipment of support bar is connected with set of reactors to keep reactor.Support bar is outstanding on reactor top, and it mainly keeps equipment to be connected with the main additional outstanding position of reactor.The secondary maintenance equipment of support bar links to each other with the secondary maintenance equipment of reactor.Support bar is placed on the pillar, is to regulate.The vertical height that the controllability of support bar makes the terrain clearance of reactor see through the operation support bar is at any time adjusted.Perhaps the height of reactor also can be regulated by the obliquity of reactor, may influence seed and culture medium solution flowing at reactor like this.

Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage: 1, running cost is low, can realize the circulation running; 2, allow infinite expanding; 3, make, install, operate, change and safeguard all simple and feasibles; 4, make full use of renewable resourcess such as underground heat, saved running cost greatly; 5, the frond culturing process is controlled, improves greatly and comes the frond culture efficiency; 6, realized the production process of no generation of waste materials.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal diagram of existing typical bioreactor;

Fig. 2 is the whole orthographic plan of seed growth system in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the skeleton view of the easy gradient of system shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 4 is the structure partial enlarged drawing of adjustable pillar and support bar;

Fig. 5 is the skeleton view of the sharp gradient of system shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of set of reactors of the present utility model;

Fig. 7 A is the skeleton view of the set of reactors among Fig. 6;

Fig. 7 B is the skeleton view of the set of reactors shown in Figure 6 of band diffusion pipeline;

The skeleton view of the carbonic acid gas shown in Fig. 7 B that Fig. 7 C is with the carbonic acid gas air-supply duct links to each other;

Fig. 8 is the skeleton view of the set of reactors among the Fig. 6 that shows reactor valves;

Fig. 9 is a skeleton view of being with the set of reactors shown in Figure 6 of the secondary layer mechanism that contains chamber, secondary hole;

Figure 10 is the skeleton view of the set of reactors shown in Figure 6 of band optical reflector;

Figure 11 is the skeleton view that has the set of reactors shown in Figure 6 of the optical reflector of concave shape and artificial light;

Figure 12 is the skeleton view of the set of reactors shown in Figure 6 that links to each other with heat exchanger;

Figure 13 is the enlarged perspective of the heat-exchanger pipeline that uses with system support shown in Figure 12;

Figure 14 is the enlarged perspective with the matching used little resistance device of set of reactors shown in Figure 6;

Figure 15 is with the skeleton view of the set of reactors shown in Figure 6 of balance shape wing formula wake turbulence device significantly;

Figure 16 is the sectional view of the set of reactors shown in Figure 6 of band tabula rasa;

Figure 17 is the skeleton view with the set of reactors shown in Figure 6 of a large amount of light-blocking members;

Figure 18 is the skeleton view at the harvesting station in the system shown in Figure 2;

Figure 19-23 is the diagram of a large amount of different improved equipment of system shown in Figure 2;

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in detail.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the overall figure of bioreactor is labeled as 30.Bioreactor 30 comprises an algae kind case 32.Algae kind case 32 active link to each other with enclosed reaction vessel group 34 through pump 36.The algae kind is cultivated formation in algae kind case 32, according to necessary culture density, the algae kind of sufficient density periodically is input in the set of reactors 34 by pump 36.Bioreactor 30 comprises a nutrition case 38 and abacterial water tank 40.Nutrition case 38 links to each other with blending bin 42 with abacterial water tank 40 active, and blending bin 42 is connected with culture medium solution pump 44 again, and culture medium solution pumps into enclosed reaction vessel group 34 by culture medium solution pump 44.Mix according to the algae kind of the best needed ratio of growing in blending bin 42 from the nutritive ingredient of nutrition case 38 and abacterial water tank 40 and sterilized water respectively, the culture medium solution of the mixture that forms is injecting in the enclosed reaction vessel group 34 under the effect of gravity or through culture medium solution pump 44.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the main body of set of reactors 34 is interactive structures of terrace-type.Culture medium solution and algae kind are walked in set of reactors 34, and the final frond that generates is positioned at the harvesting station 46 of the bottom of set of reactors 34 and reclaims.

As shown in Figure 3, bioreactor 30 can be installed on the mild relatively slope 48, faces light source.Enclosed reaction vessel group 34 is fixed on the armature 50 that is supported by pillar 52.Pillar 52 and armature 50 adjustable heights.As shown in Figure 4, pillar 52 is made up of main body 54 and the support bar 56 that is positioned at the upper end of main body 54,56 couplings of one group of armature 50 calcaneus branches strut.Support bar 56 is tied down by armature 50 couplings, so just can regulate the position of armature 50.In addition, main body 54 is provided with a keyhole 58 and is connected with support bar 56.Therefore, the position of support bar 56 relative main bodys 54 all can be regulated as required with the height that is coupled to the armature 50 on the support bar 56.The use of adjustable armature 50 and pillar 52 means that the gradient of set of reactors 34 can realize by the height of adjustable fixing 52 and armature 50, so just can form a gradient in the face of light source.

In the process of a ripe frond of lasting results, be radix for example with one day, the flow velocity of culture medium solution, the inclination gradient of set of reactors 34, the length of set of reactors 34 can be regulated according to the growth cycle of cell paste, so just can realize the biomass density and the ripening degree of a maximum before frond arrives harvesting station 46.The appearance that " one slowly move algae conveying belt " is best this phenomenon.Be understood that easily the gradient of set of reactors 34 helps the conveying of frond, can no longer need external force or motivating force.The another kind replacement method of this successive processes is, adjust this set of reactors 34 with in batch production organism, once insert batch of seeds like this or in whole reactor, perhaps in the different timed intervals, independent batch seed is dropped in the reactor up to its whole filling up.The latter can allow the algae kind flock together in for some time, helps the breeding of some algae kinds.

As shown in Figure 5, bioreactor 30 forms vertical array setting on a precipitous relatively gradient.This design is in order to increase the density of set of reactors 34 in particular locality.A series of set of reactors 34 can be planned the maximization with the incident (direction as shown in arrow 60) that realizes frond zone and light carefully.Such arrangement is highly suitable for factory, and the growth of foster algae bio body is joined in warehouse, booth inside, but source of artificial light need be provided.

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the structure of set of reactors 34.Set of reactors 34 comprises main body 34a, and main body 34a has the position, upper strata 62 of an inverted v-shaped.Top section 62a is at place, the summit at position, inverted v-shaped upper strata 62, and the first edge 62b of two overlap joints, the second edge 62c lay respectively at the opening part of both arms at the position, upper strata 62 of inverted v-shaped.Position, upper strata 62 is to be made of transparent breathable plastic film.Set of reactors 34 has also comprised the arc part 64 of a lower floor.Arc part 64 is provided with article one limit 64a and second limit 64b, and it all is to be made of second layer air-permeable envelope.Article one limit 64a of arc part 64 and the position, upper strata of second limit 64b and inverted v-shaped 62 both sides, the first edge 62b and the second edge 62c overlap respectively and couple together, and arc part 64 is fixed on position, upper strata 62.The main body 34a of set of reactors 34 becomes the kit container of a sealing like this, the part of the similar circumference of its section form.

Shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 A, a pair of flank is given prominence to the position, the outstanding position 63c of the outstanding position 63b of first flank and second flank is fixed on the landing edge first edge 62b and the second edge 62c at position, upper strata 62 of inverted V-shape, with the wall quadrature on the both sides at position, upper strata 62.The outstanding position 63c of the outstanding position 63b of first flank and second flank provides unnecessary surf zone to finish the bonding at lower floor position 64, and the arc part 64 of lower floor is overlapped with position, upper strata 62.Main body 34a is made of a successive air-permeable envelope.The seal sleeve structure of main body 34a is in order to keep the culture medium solution 68 of algae kind or frond 66 and confession algal grown.Chamber, hole 70 is made of the wall in the main body 34a, is positioned on frond 66 and the culture medium solution 68, carries out transpiration and respiration in order to algae.Oxygen molecule and water molecules dissipation that the frond 66 that air-permeable envelope then makes things convenient for set of reactors 34 to include produces when carrying out photosynthesis and transpiration are gone out.In addition, the temperature of the gas that includes along with main body 34a raises, and gas can spread.Air-permeable envelope then can serve as a relief valve, allows inner air pressure and normal atmosphere keep a more stable draught head.The less relatively aperture of air-permeable envelope can stop other forms of pollutent, and especially algae is unwanted, enters the body interior of set of reactors 34.If necessary, carbonic acid gas can be pumped to main body 34a, to promote photosynthesis.

Gas-permeable membrane allows the Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide molecule to infiltrate.Under standard pressure and normal temperature, the density of carbonic acid gas is about 1.98 kilograms/cubic metre, is about 1.5 times of air.Carbonic acid gas is soluble in water, spontaneously carries out CO in water ₂And H ₂CO ₃Change between (carbonic acid) two kinds of forms, form running balance.CO ₂, H ₂CO ₃, non-protonization form HCO ₃ ^-(supercarbonate) and CO ₃ ^2-The relative concentration of (carbonate) depends on the pH value of solution to a great extent.In neutrality or alkalescent water (pH value＞6.5), based on the form (proportion is higher than 50%) of supercarbonate; In the solution that is equal to seawater pH value, then reach the highest, be higher than 95%.And strong alkaline water (pH value＞10.4) in the highest flight the form of (proportion is higher than 50%) be carbonate.Supercarbonate and carbonate are all very soluble in water, thereby for example, air distribution isostatic seawater (weakly alkaline, the pH value is 8.2-8.5 usually) contains about 120 milligrams supercarbonate for every liter.Therefore, select an oleaginousness height, the algae strain of anti-slight alkalescence, set of reactors 34 just only allows that carbon dioxide molecule passes through air-permeable envelope, can be used for leaching Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide; The undersized aperture of film can stop other forms of pollutent to enter in the big envelope of reactor simultaneously.

The variable depth of the mixture of the frond 66 that set of reactors 34 includes and the frond of culture medium solution 68 is moving to guarantee to incide the intensity maximum of the illumination on the frond.Common rule rate is that culture medium solution is more shallow, and the incident beam that the inner single alga cells of substratum bears the more.

As Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 5, the nutritive ingredient of nutrition case 38 and abacterial water tank 40 is mixed according to the required ratio of algae optimal growth condition in blending bin 42.Its final product, culture medium solution 68 can rely on gravity or pass through in the transfer valve 72 injecting reactor groups 34 by culture medium solution pump 44.Transfer valve 72, as shown in Figure 8, be positioned at set of reactors 34 main body 34a one face the wall and meditate on, extend to the inside in chamber, hole 70 from the inside of main body 34a.Transfer valve 72 closes on the upper port of set of reactors, and transfer valve 72 comprises the valve of complete closed, and valve connects a pump or a constricting nozzle device.As mentioned above, algae kind 66 forms in algae kind case 32.According to needed seed density, competent algae kind is added set of reactors 34 by pump 36 termly, perhaps by the compression jet pipe injecting reactor group that links to each other with a transfer valve 72 on facing the wall and meditating that be positioned at main body 34a as shown in Figure 8.In addition, main body 34a also includes delivery valve 74, with seed and the substratum of cultivating from the inside extraction of reactor; Delivery valve 74 extends to the inside in chamber, hole 70 from the inside of main body 34a.

Shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 A, the outstanding position 76 of pincers type is on the 62a of the bar limit at the position, upper strata 62 of inverted v-shaped.The outstanding position 76 of this pincers type can be folded into an overlapping thing on the 62a of bar limit by the air-permeable envelope that will form position, upper strata 62.Similarly, the arc part 64 of lower floor also can make the sideline exceed the first edge 62b, the second edge 62c at position, upper strata 62 with similar method.

Shown in Fig. 7 A, the outstanding position 76 of pincers type is connected with web member 78, and web member 78 is fixed on the support bar 50, just this can be fixed on set of reactors 34 on the support bar 50 that joins with pillar 52.Similarly, further be attached to shielding and sustain 80 (mark 80 has only provided a kind of embodiment wherein) can be tied the sideline of support bar 50 with lower curved position 64 on the support bar 50, make set of reactors 34 unsettled.Be understandable that web member 78 and shield and sustain 80 and can realize with suitable coupling device, as the clamp method, mull technique, etting stitching method etc.

And carbonic acid gas available air distillation method obtains, but this only can collect more a spot of relatively carbonic acid gas.Therefore, airdistillation may need to be expanded, to improve the rate of increase of algae bio amount.Relative, many kinds of chemical reactions all can produce carbonic acid gas, so polyacid and metal carbonate reaction.Give an example, the reaction equation of sulfuric acid and lime carbonate (limestone or chalk) is described as follows:

H ₂SO ₄+CaCO ₃→CaSO ₄+H ₂CO ₃

Fig. 7 B and 7C have showed some innovative approachs to set of reactors 34.Main body 34a inside is provided with gas-permeable pipe 86 and extends along the length of set of reactors 34.Gas-permeable pipe 86 is held together with lower floor's arc part 64, is immersed in the mixture of frond 66 and culture medium solution 68.Gas-permeable pipe 86 is that gas-permeable membrane constitutes, and this film allows carbon dioxide molecule by but preventing the immersion of moisture or culture medium solution 68 molecules.Such gas-permeable pipe often can be seen in the aquarium.By control pressure, the gas that pumps into gas-permeable pipe 86 can not produce foam in pipe.Gas-permeable pipe 86 is connected to the outside supply pipe 90 of a carbonic acid gas by a variable valve 88.With the carbon dioxide of variable valve 88 sustained release, the gas concentration lwevel in the culture medium solution 68 can expand when needed.Because the required carbonic acid gas of frond 66 growths can manually be supplied rather than enter culture medium solution 68 by air-permeable envelope disperse from atmosphere, by the situation that gas-permeable pipe 86 continues supplying carbon dioxide lower floor's arc part 64 of main body 34a can be made of from outside supply pipe 90 the gas barrier film.Gas-permeable pipe 86 is connected to one and forms the valve of the sealing of one with position, upper strata 62 or lower floor's arc part 64, and therefore, unwanted pollutent can not enter in the set of reactors 34.The outside supply pipe 90 of carbonic acid gas connects with the valve inlet of sealing.

Have a bit very crucial, no matter use gas-pervious lower floor arc part 64 or gas-permeable pipe 86, the culture medium solution 68 that carbon dioxide mixture enters in speed, frond 66 biomasss and the growth medium that spreads in the mixture of frond 66 and culture medium solution 68 can be controlled.It is also important that, with carbonic acid gas input biomass rate of increase comparison, with the exhaustion of guaranteeing carbonic acid gas or drug on the market can not cause algal grown to be obstructed or be suppressed with frond 66.

Fig. 9 provides some the standby innovative approachs to set of reactors 34.In set of reactors 34, the secondary layer 82 of a film connects below set of reactors 34 main body 34a with the arc part 64 of lower floor.This secondary layer 82 has article one sideline 82a and second sideline 82b to be tied with lower floor arc part 64 by connecting with article one limit 64a of corresponding lower floor arc part 64 and second limit 64b respectively.The width of secondary layer 82 is selected should be greater than lower floor's arc part 64.Like this, when secondary layer 82 links to each other with the arc part 64 of lower floor, the middle chamber, a secondary hole 84 that just can form.If necessary, can pump into carbonic acid gas toward chamber, secondary hole to provide the algae kind required suitable saturation ratio.Carbonic acid gas is by the diffusion of a kind of air-permeable envelope (as the arc part 64 of lower floor) or permeability cell (as gas-permeable pipe 86), can explain with the Diffusion Law of Fick (Fick ' s Lawof Diffusion).Suppose the surface-area A (m of air-permeable envelope or permeability cell ²) with the culture medium solution 68 that contacts, the film thickness that the supply source of carbonic acid gas is isolated in outside the culture medium solution 68 of indication is B _yThe seal sleeve structure packing of forming by position, upper strata 62 and lower floor's arc part 64 culture medium solution 68, culture medium solution 68 contained carbon dioxide dissolved concentration are Ce.At the concentration of carbon dioxide Cx of the opposite side of air-permeable envelope or gas-permeable pipe 86 than the gas concentration lwevel Ce height in the big envelope.Use first and second diffusion laws of Fick so, the cumulative percentage (hPA) of carbonic acid gas in big envelope can be described as:

$\frac{\mathrm{\δC}}{\mathrm{\δt}}=\frac{\mathrm{AK}(\mathrm{CX}-\mathrm{Ce})}{\mathrm{ByV}}$

Wherein K is CO ₂At the infiltration rate (square metre/hour) of film internal diffusion, V is the volume (cubic meter) of culture medium solution 68 in the cover.

When time t=0, carbonic acid gas is Ce in the concentration of culture medium solution 68, and carbonic acid gas can draw by integrating above-mentioned formula in the cumulative percentage of culture medium solution 68:

$\frac{(\mathrm{Cx}-\mathrm{Ce})}{(\mathrm{Ce}-C)}=\frac{\mathrm{AKT}}{\mathrm{ByV}}$

Therefore, the thickness of change film or ventilative table pipe area and carbonic acid gas can be controlled CO outside cover or the static pressure or the local pressure Pco that receive in the pipe ₂Be diffused into the speed of culture medium solution.

The carbonic acid gas that the growth of optimization frond biomass also needs loss to enter culture medium solution 68 approaches the carbonic acid gas that algae absorbs.Carbonic acid gas deficiency in the culture medium solution 68 means delayed growth.The reason that the algal grown speed that high concentration carbon dioxide causes slows down is restraining effect (the Amman andLynch 1967 of carbonic acid gas; Goldman et al.1981, Silva and Pirt 1984).In the algae kind of a finite quantity carbonic acid gas, the carbonic acid gas that loss enters culture medium solution 68 is consumed and is converted into the part of frond.Like this, the relation of the increase of the density S of biomass (g/m3) and time t (h) can be set up following formula:

$\frac{\mathrm{\δS}}{\mathrm{\δt}}=\frac{\mathrm{Y\δC}}{\mathrm{\δt}}$

Wherein y is the increment of the biomass that fallen (g/m3.hpa) by carbon dioxide-depleted and produce.

Therefore obtain:

$\frac{\mathrm{\δS}}{\mathrm{\δt}}=\frac{\mathrm{AK}(\mathrm{Cx}-\mathrm{Ce})Y}{\mathrm{BtV}}$

As seen, in case the frond of some algae kinds growth earning rate (Y) is set, the velocity of diffusion that enters the carbonic acid gas of culture medium solution 68 can be mated the speed of growth of the best of frond.Setting frond accrued revenue rates for different algaes is one and less complicated experimentation, only consumes the organism different amts that every millibar carbonic acid gas is produced.

Therefore, can be adjusted bioreactor 30, make it to cooperate the best requirement of specific algae kind to carbonic acid gas, this can realize in the following manner.Promptly determine the frond growth earning rate of this specific algae, make following factors in response interrelated then:

Surface-area A (the m that 1 air-permeable envelope or gas-permeable pipe 86 contact with culture medium solution 68 ²);

The perviousness K of the carbonic acid gas of 2 air-permeable envelopes or gas-permeable pipe 86;

Poor (Cx-Ce) of the concentration of carbon dioxide in 3 films in the outer or gas-permeable pipe 86 of the gas concentration lwevel of culture medium solution 68 and film;

The thickness B y of 4 air-permeable envelopes or gas-permeable pipe 86;

The volume V of 5 culture medium solutions.

When all above factors combined and are implemented in algae and have the optimal speed of growth, the loss speed of carbonic acid gas was very near the absorption rate of 66 pairs of carbonic acid gas of frond.

People recognize that also other feature is very important to the optimization production of frond.This wherein, the effect of illumination most importantly, promptly the algae structure can be converted into frond with the luminous energy of maximum.Under the normal circumstances, cell density best in the bioreactor can be realized by the circulation of regulating illumination density and liquid, because liquid circulation mixes frond, allows individual cells contact illumination and nutritive ingredient.In an intensive little algal structure and since self block absorption with light, intensity of illumination descends with increasing into logarithm with distance between irradiated surface is long-pending.According to the Beer-Lambert rule, can use following formulate:

I＝Io exp(-σρδ)

Wherein I represents the light intensity by the light absorbing medium transmission.Io is the initial strength at light source place, and σ is a uptake factor, and ρ is the miniature organic concentration in the photoabsorption system, and δ is the thickness of photoabsorption system.

Algae not of the same race needs different levels of light energy to realize the optimum growh situation.Higher relatively when the luminous energy value, the growth of frond quantity is found and is suppressed.Be not used in photosynthetic luminous energy and be converted into heat energy.Studies show that illumination level is at 30W/m ²And 80W/m ²Are unusual ideal in the scope to the quick growth of a series of algae kinds.

Some Plastics Company of being engaged in gardening research are successfully made the film with luminous reflectance and attenuation characteristic and the plastics film that promotes plant solarization raising plant growth rate (IGR), and (Katan 1987; Chen etal., 1991; Stapleton and DeVay, 1995).Utilize the sealing flow reactor group 34 of the optional membrane of light as outside envelope, this system can regulate the individual demand be grown in the different algae kinds under different weathers and the sun density to satisfy.In addition, these films also can be used as isolated instrument, and frond is sifted out from bad intensity of illumination.

It is reported, algae main by pigment absorption but not the SPECTRAL REGION that chlorophyll absorbs shows quite active photosynthetic activity.Except chlorophyll, these pigments also participate in photosynthesis.Most algae are because it contains carotenoid, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and Chlorofucsin, all have in their periphery absorb blue light and ruddiness catch the light feeler.Equally, it is reported that the UV light that impingement rate is high suppresses algal grown.Therefore, optionally plastics film of light is arranged, can be used for reducing the algae damage that causes by UV, and allow the transmission of the optimal wavelength of red and blue light belt.

In the experiment of carrying out photosynthesis process composition, found that the spectral distribution of incident light should help absorption and the excitement levels that relative photo is experienced body at present.Note, also must consider the intensity of light source.On the one hand, the incident intensity of application must provide enough net photosynthesises; But then, must avoid incident intensity can induce light to suppress as far as possible, even destroy the pigment complex proteins in the algae.Therefore, suggestion is used the radiant illumination that slightly exceeds photosynthetic light saturation point to the algae that is in reproductive status.This had both guaranteed optimum growh speed, saved the energy again.Light saturation point uses the progress that backlight is carried out photosynthetic oxygen evolution to determine usually.Because light saturation point because of algae kind difference differs greatly, is necessary each interesting kind is carried out this test.Using during the algae reproduction under this situation of source of artificial light, the wavelength of generation is first-selected in the lighting system of ruddiness and blue light zone mainly.

In order further to improve the utility model, gathering the relatively low illumination level that causes because of seasonal variation or cloud layer when, can use reflex reflector and/or artificial lighting device.As shown in figure 10, solar reflector 92 is arranged on the position, upper strata 62 of contiguous set of reactors 34.This solar reflector 92 can increase the incident illumination to the frond 66 in the reactor 34.

As shown in figure 11, one or more solar reflectors 94 and an artificial light 96 combine, and are installed on the set of reactors 34 photosynthesis that carries out darker period at light to promote.Artificial light 96 can be installed in the position of contiguous set of reactors 34 or in the inside of set of reactors 34, in the chamber, hole in main body 34a.Can see that in Figure 11 solar reflector 94 is concave types, focus is positioned at the inside of set of reactors 34, so that intensity of illumination is concentrated on the frond 66 in the set of reactors 34.

Algae is responsive to temperature.Studies show that,, cross the fat production drop that all can cause algae under the low or too high situation in temperature at a certain specific algae.For instance, Casadevall et al. (1985), Fernandes et al. (1989), Lupi et al. (1991) and Vladislav et al. people such as (1994) shows that the optimum temperuture of botryococcus braunii strain (Botryococcus Braunii) is about 25 ℃.And Oliveira et al. people such as (1999) points out, spirulina (Spirulena Maximus) and spirulina plalensis (Spirulena Platensis) need higher temperature, in 32 ℃, to realize the fat production rate of maximum.Therefore, the chemical constitution of algae is because of concrete algae kind different (Thompson et al, (1992) .) to the photosynthetic property response of temperature.

If bioreactor 30 uses in the open, utilize sunlight as main energy sources, select for use which kind of algae reproduction just to seem important at specific climatic zone so.It is inefficent in the breeding of area, temperate zone the algae kind of high temperature demands being arranged, and is irrational and need lesser temps in the torrid areas plantation as the algae kind of optimum growh environment.

Therefore, the temperature of culture medium solution 68, and the temperature of frond 66 may reduce by some indirect means.The sunlight of having discussed above these indirect means comprise covers, and the filtration of wind was cooled off it before carbonic acid gas being pumped into chamber, secondary hole 84 or gas-permeable pipe 86, and toward the interior spray coolant of the main body 34a of set of reactors 34, as cold water.Temperature to culture medium solution 68 keeps closed adjusting if desired, will need how direct cooling system.The system of this applying ground source heat pump and heat exchanger as shown in figure 12.Utilize earth-source hot-pump system to be particularly suitable for the culture medium solution 68 in the set of reactors 34 and the temperature control of frond 66, because this is a kind ofly can very efficiently make the mode of utilizing the energy.Equally, the use of heat exchanger means that to culture medium solution 68 any staggered form cannot take place when heating pollutes.

Structure iron as shown in figure 12, an earth source heat pump 98 is coupled to one and is embedded in subterranean ground return circuit 100.When outer atmospheric temperature reduced, ground return circuit 100 can be from draw heat in the ground.Earth source heat pump 98 joins with heat exchanger 102, the mixture that heat exchanger 102 contact culture medium solutions 68 and frond 66 form.Heat exchanger 102 utilizes one group of pipe 104 and pipe 106 that extends into set of reactors 34 inside to be coupled to set of reactors 34.The relatively low culture medium solution 68 of temperature extracts heat exchanger 102 internal heating by managing 104.Culture medium solution 68 after the heating is got back in the set of reactors 34 by managing 106.Too high when extraneous temperature conversely speaking,, during the optimal growth of unfavorable algae, this process can reverse.Earth source heat pump 98 and heat exchanger 102 can reduce the temperature of the mixture of culture medium solution 68 and frond 66.

As shown in figure 13, be the embodiment that a simple heat exchanger tube 108 is connected with the set of reactors 34 of foregoing description.In Figure 13, the mixture of culture medium solution 68 and frond 66 flows from left to right according to the direction of being drawn among the figure.Heat exchanger tube 108 is by being fixed on the lower floor position 64 of reactor body 34a with heat weldable mode.The part of lower floor's arc part 64 of main body produces the container 110 of the concave shape profile of a correspondence, and the fluid in the heat exchanger tube 108 can be joined with the culture medium solution 68 in the set of reactors 34 and the mixture of frond 66.A spacer body 112 runs through the cross section of heat exchanger tube 108, enters container 110, laterally the main body 34a of ligation device group 34.Container 110 is separated into first capsule 114 to this spacer body 112 and 116, two capsules of second capsule are all added a cover with microfibre grid 118.Microfibre grid 118 is configurations like this: the too for a short time frond 66 that makes of size of mesh can not pass through, and but is enough to allow culture medium solution 68 pass through smoothly.Pipe 104 links to each other with first capsule 114 by output valve 120, manages 106 and then links to each other with second capsule 116 by input valve 122.Culture medium solution 68 extracts through output valve 120, passes pipe and 104 flows to heat exchanger 102, in heat exchanger 102, heat as required or cool off after be back in the set of reactors 34 by importing valve 122 through managing 106.If set of reactors 34 is used in inside, for example in the mansion, temperature control by a larger margin can realize.But, this may need the expenditure of secondary heating and cooling system aspects to be in an only temperature to keep frond 66 biomasss.

The lower floor's arc part 64 that the permission carbon dioxide molecule passes through and the air-permeable envelope of gas-permeable pipe 86 help a subject matter relevant with set of reactors under the slow normal circumstances of relaxing; be that the small-bore of air-permeable envelope disappears except when the shear-stress problem of jet-propelled reactor during the whole surface of gas loss by film, and reduced the formation of bubble significantly and eliminated the air pressure degree that produces from the nozzle of gas injection tube.Similarly, the number of hole can be according to the oxygenous speed of photosynthesis on the gas-permeable membrane, the saturation ratio of the transpiration speed of frond 66 and the carbonic acid gas of requirement and changing.

With frond 66 efficiently but not mix be an important factor keeping high efficiency algae photosynthesis not disruptively.Shown the further innovative approach of making for the mixing efficiency light reflex device group 34 of strengthening frond 66 as Figure 14 and Figure 15.Figure 14 has provided the example of a series of little resistance devices 124, little resistance device 126 and little resistance device 128.They are designed to is to introduce or lower floor's arc part 64 of the main body 34a of anabolic reaction device group 34.Little resistance device 124 mainly is the prodger of a tube face formula, and little resistance device 126 is the prodgers of sloping shape of rising and falling, and 128 are transverse wedge prodgers.Little resistance device 124, little resistance device 126 and little resistance device 128 bring out is enough to cause 66 groups of fronds of change to flow to the little turbulent flow of blended.Figure 15 has enumerated the wing formula wake turbulence device 130 of the many significantly parallel shapes that are installed in lower floor's arc part 64.This wing formula wake turbulence device 130 is covered with whole reactor group 34, helps the mixing of its frond that includes 66 and culture medium solution 68.More than little resistance device shown in Figure 14 and wing formula wake turbulence device shown in Figure 15 be example, and also have a lot of whipping devices to can be used for the mixed algae group.

As shown in figure 16, be to increase the distribution of light in the set of reactors, comprise also that in set of reactors 34 allows illumination equally distributed tabula rasa 132 in set of reactors 34.Tabula rasa 132 is along upper edge 64 stretching, extensions along 62a towards lower floor's arc part of upper strata arc part 62, and that part of terminal 132a of tabula rasa 132 is dipped in the mixture of frond 66 and culture medium solution 68 like this.Tabula rasa 132 comprises a hook-shaped port that can bring out stirring.Certainly, wherein also can use the tabula rasa of other shape, just example shown in Figure 16 at this.Tabula rasa 132 is to be made by Acrylite or resin glass plate.There is small etching at the back side of tabula rasa 132, can be towards a controllable direction scattering sunlight.Tabula rasa 132 also can be configured to allow the structure of sunlight scattering in culture medium solution 68 to obtain the maximum illuminating value and the production of frond to realize the algae group.

Confirm that light, dark cycle can strengthen photosynthetic effect, thereby improve the productivity of reactor.The quick switching of intense light irradiation and dark cycle relatively is typically between 40 microseconds to 1 second, can strengthen photosynthetic effect significantly.The intermittence of light is relevant with two basic parameters: 1, light component (ratio of light application time and whole cycle duration); The duration of 2, illumination, dark cycle.Common bioreactor, the design of its set of reactors, the density of the length of light source and algae kind, algae kind turbulent span and intensity of illumination all can influence the frequency and the light component in cycle.So this light, dark degree of mixing are quite remarkable to the influence of the productivity of set of reactors.According to other design, common bioreactor can not hold the light/dark cycle less than one second quick conversion, and that time limitation is that to improve photosynthetic efficiency necessary.Generally, bioreactor is presented at the liquid circulation number of times between 10 seconds to 100 seconds the scope.

As shown in figure 17, set of reactors 34 has been adjusted to adapt to light, the introduction in dark cycle.A large amount of light-blocking members 134 are installed on the set of reactors 34.These light-blocking members 134 have comprised a main body 134a, and main body 134a is coupled on the main body 34a of set of reactors 34.The main body 134a of light-blocking member 134 has comprised first bonded block of being connected with the position, upper strata 62 of set of reactors 34 136, second bonded block 138, the 3rd bonded block 140, these three parts are coupled to respectively on one side 64a of 76 upper and lower layers of arc part in the outstanding position of pincers type 64 at position, upper strata 62, and light-blocking member 134 is fixed near on the position of reactor body 34a.These light-blocking members also can be fixing with the support 142 that protrudes out out from feature bottom.Light-blocking member 134 also can adopt other designs, for example covers the light-blocking member of a part of the main body of bio-reactor 34 fully.Light-blocking member 134 is made of any suitable lighttight material, prevents that light from passing the inside that parts enter bioreactor 34.

Utilize this configuration, various light, dark cycle all can realize.Imagine a kind of like this situation: continue a section of 100 meters long bioreactors of sealing, the flow velocity of the culture medium solution that it includes is 0.5 metre per second (m/s), sunlight or source of artificial light irradiation.Be fixed on the independent light-blocking member of bracing frame by introducing, 0.25 meter of every agreement that contracts a film or TV play to an actor or actress is long, is installed on the reactor with 0.25 meter spacing, and as shown in figure 17,0.5 second light, a dark cycle have just realized.As to understand, can changed by introducing shorter or longer anti-dazzling screen in the spacing more closely cycle time.

In addition, independent light-blocking member 134 can replace with reflective or opaque-plastic plate.These can include the position, upper strata 62 of roughly limpid or transparent air-permeable envelope in.In this case, can set up a particular flow rate to control the pitch time of illumination and concealment to mobile fronds 66 and culture medium solution 68 in set of reactors 34.Thereby, by the flow velocity may command light of regulating contained algae kind and culture medium solution, dark cycle.

With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, collection phase carries out under the slope usually.When one section frond 66 waited for collection, the main body 34a of reactor 34 may the double-deck hot weld in the position of collecting frond 66.That section that contains collected frond 66 can be removed processing.Implement hot welds at the position, upper strata 62 of reactor body 34a and be for closed system once more, prevent the pollutent invasion.If collect frond 66 with the hot weld method, system can be added by the height that flushes with pump in the upper end of main body 34a, thereby guarantees the production of suitable frond of whole length of set of reactors 34.

In addition, the harvesting case that should allow collected frond 66 flow in the aseptic harvesting station 46 is collected, as shown in figure 18.The composition of harvesting case 46 comprises that a main body 34a with reactor 34 has identical shaped input tube 144, like this set of reactors 34 just and input tube 144 join, the prevention pollutent enters receives and keeps case 46 and set of reactors 34.Harvesting case 46 has also comprised a small grid screen plate 146 that is used to filter big algae kind, and culture medium solution 68 can enter the bottom 148 of receiving and keeping case by screen plate 146 with relative less algae kind like this.Solution 68 enters algae kind case 32 with relative less algae kind by managing 150, and beginning is as the circulation next time of next batch algae inoculum or algae kind, as shown in Figure 2.Making full use of of resource guaranteed in this configuration.

Figure 19～Figure 23 is the many different innovative approach that the bioreactor shown in Fig. 2 is done.

Figure 19 has shown the setting that can be used on a small scale seasonal frond oils production.The integral part that has wherein shown process in detail, comprising: algae kind case A; Abacterial water tank B; Micro-nutrients case C; Blending bin D; Reactor inlet E; Algae gather the station F; Oil recovery station G; Oils gas holder station H; Frond resistates I.Oils can use various program to gather from the frond of producing.The less oil recovering of scale uses the mode of compression or oil press zhai extrusion usually.Because still possess certain oleaginousness after frond is air-dry, at this time can extrude this part oil mass with oil press zhai.Remaining frond is sold medicament or nutritious prod manufacture, also can or be used for the power plant burning generate energy as the animal-feed raw material.

Figure 20 has shown on the basis of the basic configuration in Figure 19 has increased unique annex facility earth source heat pump J.Earth source heat pump J has two functions: 1, keep the optimal temperature of the temperature of culture medium solution at algal grown; 2, prolong the season of growth that whole frond is produced.

Figure 21 has shown has increased an algae enzymatic conversion device K on basis shown in Figure 20.Adopt enzyme extraction method degraded remaining frond resistates after compression or squeezing program.This makes that the shunting refiltered oil is easy to be many, also makes the oil mass maximization of gathering from frond.This process is that a kind of of compression or squeezing step replenished or replace.

Figure 22 has shown added an extra air regulating device L on basis shown in Figure 21.Air regulating device L separates out a kind of gas from liquid, and replaces another kind of auxiliary gas.As when the free oxygen molecule in the abacterial water tank will suppress algal grown, these oxygen will be substituted with carbonic acid gas by air regulating device L.Because carbonic acid gas is a requisite component of algae photosynthesis process, air regulating device L has just eliminated the oxygen of containment, for algal grown provides a kind of stimulant.

Figure 23 has shown with identical progress arrangement shown in Figure 22.But, added 2 extra process factors: sulfur recovery unit M and hydrogen gas recovering device N.Find that at present if in a sophisticated relatively stage of algal grown the trace element of all sulfur-bearings is sloughed, the result can change the photosynthetic process of frond from culture medium solution.Aspect effect, under the pressure of a no sulphur environment, frond can produce the hydrogen of economic quantities, rather than the oxygen that produces usually, as photosynthetic byproduct.These hydrogen can reclaim and be compressed into liquid in order to transportation and use in the future by hydrogen gas recovering device.

The utility model is not limited to some specific embodiments of foregoing description, but short ofly departs from research range of the present invention, is protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1, bioreactor comprises a piped set of reactors, it is characterized in that: set of reactors is that piped main body terraced fields interactive mode is provided with formation; Main body is formed the tubulose envelope space of a sealing together by position, upper strata and lower floor's arc part, includes transparent position and ventilative position on the main body.

2, bioreactor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the position, upper strata of described main body is the inverted v-shaped structure, top section is at the place, summit at position, inverted v-shaped upper strata, and first edge of two overlap joints, second edge lay respectively at the lower floor of inverted v-shaped; Arc part is provided with article one limit and second limit, couples together with first edge at the position, upper strata of inverted v-shaped and second edge overlap joint respectively and forms the seal boot packaging container with chamber, hole.

3, bioreactor as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described set of reactors includes transfer valve and delivery valve, and transfer valve closes on the upper port of set of reactors; The lower port of the contiguous set of reactors of delivery valve.

4, bioreactor as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described set of reactors includes the gas gatherer; The gas gatherer is a gas-permeable pipe, is positioned at the bottom, chamber, hole of body interior; The gas-permeable pipe is connected with outside supply pipe, is provided with variable valve between gas-permeable pipe and the outside supply pipe.

5, bioreactor as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the below of described arc part is provided with secondary layer, and secondary layer is connected with the bottom of arc part, forms chamber, a secondary hole between arc part and the secondary layer.

6, bioreactor as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described set of reactors is provided with reverberator, and reverberator has concave, is installed in the position that makes the focus of light just in time be positioned at the chamber, hole of main body.

7, bioreactor as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described set of reactors has the outstanding wing formula wake turbulence device that significantly extends along the longitudinal length of set of reactors of little resistance device person of mixing that is positioned at main body arc part interior wall at least.

8, bioreactor as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: be provided with tabula rasa in the described set of reactors, extend to the bottom from main body top, be distributed with a large amount of etch-holes on the tabula rasa.

9, bioreactor as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described set of reactors contains a light-blocking member, and light-blocking member is connected with main body is outside, and perhaps main body itself has interactively transparent part and opaque section; The selective light filtering membrane is used at the transparent position of main body.

10, bioreactor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described bioreactor contains a heat exchanger that is connected with main body, and heat exchanger is connected with ground return circuit by earth source heat pump, and heat exchanger is connected with set of reactors.

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